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| <!DOCTYPE html> | |
| <html> | |
| <head> | |
| <title>Test Katex</title> | |
| <link rel="stylesheet" | |
| href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/katex@0.10.2/dist/katex.css" | |
| integrity="sha256-SSjvSe9BDSZMUczwnbB1ywCyIk2XaNly9nn6yRm6WJo=" | |
| crossorigin="anonymous"> | |
| <style type="text/css"> | |
| body{background: white; } | |
| .katex img { | |
| display: block; | |
| position: absolute; | |
| width: 100%; | |
| height: inherit; | |
| } | |
| </style> | |
| </head> | |
| <body><h1 id="headline">Headline</h1> | |
| <p>Inline: <span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><semantics><mrow><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>=</mo><msubsup><mo>∫</mo><mrow><mo>−</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∞</mi></mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">∞</mi></msubsup><mover accent="true"><mi>f</mi><mo>^</mo></mover><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>ξ</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext> </mtext><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>π</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>ξ</mi><mi>x</mi></mrow></msup><mtext> </mtext><mi>d</mi><mi>ξ</mi></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">f(x) = \int_{-\infty}^\infty \hat f(\xi)\,e^{2 \pi i \xi x} \,d\xi</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.10764em;">f</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord mathdefault">x</span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.3720309999999998em;vertical-align:-0.41415100000000005em;"></span><span class="mop"><span class="mop op-symbol small-op" style="margin-right:0.19445em;position:relative;top:-0.0005599999999999772em;">∫</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8592920000000001em;"><span style="top:-2.34418em;margin-left:-0.19445em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">−</span><span class="mord mtight">∞</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2579000000000002em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">∞</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.41415100000000005em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.9578799999999998em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.10764em;">f</span></span><span style="top:-3.26344em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.08332999999999999em;">^</span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.19444em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.04601em;">ξ</span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8491079999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">π</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">i</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.04601em;">ξ</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">x</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault">d</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.04601em;">ξ</span></span></span></span> | |
| </p> | |
| <hr> | |
| <p><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><semantics><mrow><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>=</mo><msubsup><mo>∫</mo><mrow><mo>−</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">∞</mi></mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">∞</mi></msubsup><mover accent="true"><mi>f</mi><mo>^</mo></mover><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>ξ</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext> </mtext><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>π</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>ξ</mi><mi>x</mi></mrow></msup><mtext> </mtext><mi>d</mi><mi>ξ</mi></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex"> | |
| f(x) = \int_{-\infty}^\infty | |
| \hat f(\xi)\,e^{2 \pi i \xi x} | |
| \,d\xi | |
| </annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.10764em;">f</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord mathdefault">x</span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:2.384573em;vertical-align:-0.970281em;"></span><span class="mop"><span class="mop op-symbol large-op" style="margin-right:0.44445em;position:relative;top:-0.0011249999999999316em;">∫</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.414292em;"><span style="top:-1.7880500000000001em;margin-left:-0.44445em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">−</span><span class="mord mtight">∞</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.8129000000000004em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">∞</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.970281em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.9578799999999998em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.10764em;">f</span></span><span style="top:-3.26344em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.08332999999999999em;">^</span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.19444em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.04601em;">ξ</span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8991079999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.1130000000000004em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">π</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">i</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.04601em;">ξ</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">x</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault">d</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.04601em;">ξ</span></span></span></span></span> | |
| </p> | |
| <p>Inline: <span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><semantics><mrow><mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true"><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mrow><mo fence="true">(</mo><msqrt><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi><msqrt><mn>5</mn></msqrt></mrow></msqrt><mo>−</mo><mi>ϕ</mi><mo fence="true">)</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mfrac><mn>2</mn><mn>5</mn></mfrac><mi>π</mi></mrow></msup></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mfrac><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>π</mi></mrow></msup><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mfrac><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>4</mn><mi>π</mi></mrow></msup><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mfrac><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>6</mn><mi>π</mi></mrow></msup><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mfrac><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>8</mn><mi>π</mi></mrow></msup><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mo>⋯</mo></mrow></mfrac></mrow></mfrac></mrow></mfrac></mrow></mfrac></mstyle></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\displaystyle \frac{1}{ \Bigl(\sqrt{\phi \sqrt{5}}-\phi\Bigr) e^{\frac25 \pi} } = 1+\frac{e^{-2\pi}} { 1+\frac{e^{-4\pi}} { 1+\frac{e^{-6\pi}} { 1+\frac{e^{-8\pi}}{ 1+\cdots } } } }</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:3.01146em;vertical-align:-1.69002em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.32144em;"><span style="top:-2.11em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.15em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen"><span class="delimsizing size2">(</span></span><span class="mord sqrt"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.04139em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.2em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.2em;"></span><span class="mord" style="padding-left:1em;"><span class="mord mathdefault">ϕ</span><span class="mord sqrt"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.90722em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord" style="padding-left:0.833em;"><span class="mord">5</span></span></span><span style="top:-2.86722em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="hide-tail" style="min-width:0.853em;height:1.08em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.13278em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0013900000000002em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.2em;"></span><span class="hide-tail" style="min-width:1.02em;height:1.28em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.19860999999999995em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault">ϕ</span><span class="mclose"><span class="delimsizing size2">)</span></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.93957em;"><span style="top:-3.3485500000000004em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter sizing reset-size3 size6"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8443142857142858em;"><span style="top:-2.656em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">5</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2255000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line mtight" style="border-bottom-width:0.049em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.384em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.344em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter sizing reset-size3 size6"></span></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">π</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.38em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.15em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.827em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.15em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">1</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.69002em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.72777em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord">1</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:3.692383em;vertical-align:-2.201275em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.491108em;"><span style="top:-2.19358em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">1</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.91642em;"><span style="top:-2.4519800000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">1</span><span class="mbin mtight">+</span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter sizing reset-size3 size6"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.0543142857142858em;"><span style="top:-2.229757142857143em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">1</span><span class="mbin mtight">+</span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.32544em;"><span style="top:-2.468em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">1</span><span class="mbin mtight">+</span><span class="minner mtight">⋯</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2255000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line mtight" style="border-bottom-width:0.049em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.387em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.9384399999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.93844em;margin-right:0.1em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.64444em;"></span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">−</span><span class="mord mtight">8</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">π</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.61533em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2255000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line mtight" style="border-bottom-width:0.049em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.384em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.9384399999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.93844em;margin-right:0.1em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.64444em;"></span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">−</span><span class="mord mtight">6</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">π</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.2097642857142856em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter sizing reset-size3 size6"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.394em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.7463142857142857em;"><span style="top:-2.786em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.5em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">−</span><span class="mord mtight">4</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">π</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.3948549999999997em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.677em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8141079999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">−</span><span class="mord mtight">2</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">π</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:2.201275em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span></span></span></span> | |
| </p> | |
| <hr> | |
| <p><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><semantics><mrow><mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true"><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mrow><mo fence="true">(</mo><msqrt><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi><msqrt><mn>5</mn></msqrt></mrow></msqrt><mo>−</mo><mi>ϕ</mi><mo fence="true">)</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mfrac><mn>2</mn><mn>5</mn></mfrac><mi>π</mi></mrow></msup></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mfrac><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>π</mi></mrow></msup><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mfrac><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>4</mn><mi>π</mi></mrow></msup><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mfrac><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>6</mn><mi>π</mi></mrow></msup><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mfrac><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>8</mn><mi>π</mi></mrow></msup><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mo>⋯</mo></mrow></mfrac></mrow></mfrac></mrow></mfrac></mrow></mfrac></mstyle></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex"> | |
| \displaystyle | |
| \frac{1}{ | |
| \Bigl(\sqrt{\phi \sqrt{5}}-\phi\Bigr) e^{\frac25 \pi} | |
| } = | |
| 1+\frac{e^{-2\pi}} { | |
| 1+\frac{e^{-4\pi}} { | |
| 1+\frac{e^{-6\pi}} { | |
| 1+\frac{e^{-8\pi}}{ | |
| 1+\cdots | |
| } | |
| } | |
| } | |
| } | |
| </annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:3.01146em;vertical-align:-1.69002em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.32144em;"><span style="top:-2.11em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.15em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen"><span class="delimsizing size2">(</span></span><span class="mord sqrt"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.04139em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.2em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.2em;"></span><span class="mord" style="padding-left:1em;"><span class="mord mathdefault">ϕ</span><span class="mord sqrt"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.90722em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord" style="padding-left:0.833em;"><span class="mord">5</span></span></span><span style="top:-2.86722em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="hide-tail" style="min-width:0.853em;height:1.08em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.13278em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0013900000000002em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.2em;"></span><span class="hide-tail" style="min-width:1.02em;height:1.28em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.19860999999999995em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault">ϕ</span><span class="mclose"><span class="delimsizing size2">)</span></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.93957em;"><span style="top:-3.3485500000000004em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter sizing reset-size3 size6"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8443142857142858em;"><span style="top:-2.656em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">5</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2255000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line mtight" style="border-bottom-width:0.049em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.384em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.344em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter sizing reset-size3 size6"></span></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">π</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.38em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.15em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.827em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.15em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">1</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.69002em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.72777em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord">1</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:3.692383em;vertical-align:-2.201275em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.491108em;"><span style="top:-2.19358em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">1</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.91642em;"><span style="top:-2.4519800000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">1</span><span class="mbin mtight">+</span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter sizing reset-size3 size6"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.0543142857142858em;"><span style="top:-2.229757142857143em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">1</span><span class="mbin mtight">+</span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.32544em;"><span style="top:-2.468em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">1</span><span class="mbin mtight">+</span><span class="minner mtight">⋯</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2255000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line mtight" style="border-bottom-width:0.049em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.387em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.9384399999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.93844em;margin-right:0.1em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.64444em;"></span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">−</span><span class="mord mtight">8</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">π</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.61533em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2255000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line mtight" style="border-bottom-width:0.049em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.384em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.9384399999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.93844em;margin-right:0.1em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.64444em;"></span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">−</span><span class="mord mtight">6</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">π</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.2097642857142856em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter sizing reset-size3 size6"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.394em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.7463142857142857em;"><span style="top:-2.786em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.5em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">−</span><span class="mord mtight">4</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">π</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.3948549999999997em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.677em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8141079999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">−</span><span class="mord mtight">2</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">π</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:2.201275em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span></span></span></span></span> | |
| </p> | |
| <p>Inline: <span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><semantics><mrow><mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true"><msup><mrow><mo fence="true">(</mo><munderover><mo>∑</mo><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mi>n</mi></munderover><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>k</mi></msub><msub><mi>b</mi><mi>k</mi></msub><mo fence="true">)</mo></mrow><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>≤</mo><mrow><mo fence="true">(</mo><munderover><mo>∑</mo><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mi>n</mi></munderover><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mi>k</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup><mo fence="true">)</mo></mrow><mrow><mo fence="true">(</mo><munderover><mo>∑</mo><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mi>n</mi></munderover><msubsup><mi>b</mi><mi>k</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup><mo fence="true">)</mo></mrow></mstyle></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\displaystyle \left ( \sum_{k=1}^n a_k b_k \right)^2 \leq \left( \sum_{k=1}^n a_k^2 \right) \left( \sum_{k=1}^n b_k^2 \right)</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:3.2561210000000003em;vertical-align:-1.302113em;"></span><span class="minner"><span class="minner"><span class="mopen delimcenter" style="top:0em;"><span class="delimsizing size4">(</span></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.6513970000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight">1</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op">∑</span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">n</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">a</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">b</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose delimcenter" style="top:0em;"><span class="delimsizing size4">)</span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.954008em;"><span style="top:-4.2029000000000005em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">≤</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:3.0521130000000003em;vertical-align:-1.302113em;"></span><span class="minner"><span class="mopen delimcenter" style="top:0em;"><span class="delimsizing size4">(</span></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.6513970000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight">1</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op">∑</span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">n</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">a</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641079999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.4530000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.247em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose delimcenter" style="top:0em;"><span class="delimsizing size4">)</span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="minner"><span class="mopen delimcenter" style="top:0em;"><span class="delimsizing size4">(</span></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.6513970000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight">1</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op">∑</span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">n</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">b</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641079999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.4530000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.247em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose delimcenter" style="top:0em;"><span class="delimsizing size4">)</span></span></span></span></span></span> | |
| </p> | |
| <hr> | |
| <p><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><semantics><mrow><mo>∰</mo><mo>∯</mo><mo>∮</mo><mfrac><mi>a</mi><mi>b</mi></mfrac><mo>+</mo><mstyle scriptlevel="2" displaystyle="false"><mfrac><mi>c</mi><mi>d</mi></mfrac><mo>+</mo><mfrac><mi>e</mi><mi>f</mi></mfrac></mstyle><mo>+</mo><mfrac><mi>g</mi><mi>h</mi></mfrac></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex"> | |
| \oiiint \oiint \oint \frac ab + {\scriptscriptstyle \frac cd + \frac ef} + \frac gh | |
| </annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:2.22225em;vertical-align:-0.86225em;"></span><span class="mop vlist-t vlist-t2" style="position:relative;top:-0.0010000000000000564em;"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.3599999999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.3600000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.3600000000000003em;"></span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op" style="margin-right:0.44445em;">∭</span></span><span style="top:-3.2800000000000002em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.3600000000000003em;"></span><span class="overlay" style="height:0.659em;width:1.98em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.862em;"><span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop vlist-t vlist-t2" style="position:relative;top:-0.0010000000000000564em;"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.3599999999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.3600000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.3600000000000003em;"></span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op" style="margin-right:0.44445em;">∬</span></span><span style="top:-3.2800000000000002em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.3600000000000003em;"></span><span class="overlay" style="height:0.659em;width:1.472em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.862em;"><span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op" style="margin-right:0.44445em;position:relative;top:-0.0011249999999999316em;">∮</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.10756em;"><span style="top:-2.314em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault">b</span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.677em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault">a</span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.686em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.94655em;vertical-align:-0.36322em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mtight sizing reset-size6 size1"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8175600000000001em;"><span style="top:-2.468em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">d</span></span><span style="top:-3.2255000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line mtight" style="border-bottom-width:0.049em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.387em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">c</span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.532em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span></span><span class="mbin mtight sizing reset-size6 size1">+</span><span class="mord mtight sizing reset-size6 size1"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8175600000000001em;"><span style="top:-2.468em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.10764em;">f</span></span><span style="top:-3.2255000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line mtight" style="border-bottom-width:0.049em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.387em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">e</span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.72644em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.7935599999999998em;vertical-align:-0.686em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.1075599999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.314em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault">h</span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.677em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">g</span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.686em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span></span></span></span></span> | |
| </p> | |
| <p>Inline: <span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><semantics><mrow><mover><mover><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mo>⋯</mo><mo>+</mo><mi>x</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⏞</mo></mover><mrow><mi>n</mi><mrow><mtext> </mtext><mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi></mrow></mrow></mover><mo>−</mo><munder><munder><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mo>⋯</mo><mo>+</mo><mi>x</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⏟</mo></munder><mrow><mi>n</mi><mrow><mtext> </mtext><mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi></mrow></mrow></munder></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\overbrace{x + \cdots + x}^{n\rm\ times} - \underbrace{x + \cdots + x}_{n\rm\ times}</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.982162em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord mover"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.898832em;"><span style="top:-3.23133em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.23133em;"></span><span class="mord mover"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.23133em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">x</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="minner">⋯</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault">x</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.6833299999999998em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="stretchy" style="height:0.548em;min-width:1.6em;"><span class="brace-left" style="height:0.548em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0nNDAwZW0nIGhlaWdodD0nMC41NDhlbScgdmlld0JveD0nMCAwIDQwMDAwMCA1NDgnIHByZXNlcnZlQXNwZWN0UmF0aW89J3hNaW5ZTWluIHNsaWNlJz48cGF0aCBkPSdNNiA1NDhsLTYtNnYtMzVsNi0xMWM1Ni0xMDQgMTM1LjMtMTgxLjMgMjM4LTIzMiA1Ny4zLTI4LjcgMTE3Ci00NSAxNzktNTBoMzk5NTc3djEyMEg0MDNjLTQzLjMgNy04MSAxNS0xMTMgMjYtMTAwLjcgMzMtMTc5LjcgOTEtMjM3IDE3NC0yLjcKIDUtNiA5LTEwIDEzLS43IDEtNy4zIDEtMjAgMUg2eicvPjwvc3ZnPg=="></span><span class="brace-center" style="height:0.548em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span><span class="brace-right" style="height:0.548em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.08333em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-4.66266em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.23133em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">n</span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mspace mtight"><span class="mtight"> </span></span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">t</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">i</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">m</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">e</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">s</span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.08333em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.982162em;vertical-align:-1.398832em;"></span><span class="mord munder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.5833299999999999em;"><span style="top:-1.601168em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">n</span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mspace mtight"><span class="mtight"> </span></span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">t</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">i</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">m</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">e</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">s</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord munder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.58333em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.26867em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="stretchy" style="height:0.548em;min-width:1.6em;"><span class="brace-left" style="height:0.548em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0nNDAwZW0nIGhlaWdodD0nMC41NDhlbScgdmlld0JveD0nMCAwIDQwMDAwMCA1NDgnIHByZXNlcnZlQXNwZWN0UmF0aW89J3hNaW5ZTWluIHNsaWNlJz48cGF0aCBkPSdNMCA2bDYtNmgxN2MxMi42ODggMCAxOS4zMTMuMyAyMCAxIDQgNCA3LjMxMyA4LjMgMTAgMTMKIDM1LjMxMyA1MS4zIDgwLjgxMyA5My44IDEzNi41IDEyNy41IDU1LjY4OCAzMy43IDExNy4xODggNTUuOCAxODQuNSA2Ni41LjY4OAogMCAyIC4zIDQgMSAxOC42ODggMi43IDc2IDQuMyAxNzIgNWgzOTk0NTB2MTIwSDQyOWwtNi0xYy0xMjQuNjg4LTgtMjM1LTYxLjcKLTMzMS0xNjFDNjAuNjg3IDEzOC43IDMyLjMxMiA5OS4zIDcgNTRMMCA0MVY2eicvPjwvc3ZnPg=="></span><span class="brace-center" style="height:0.548em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span><span class="brace-right" style="height:0.548em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0nNDAwZW0nIGhlaWdodD0nMC41NDhlbScgdmlld0JveD0nMCAwIDQwMDAwMCA1NDgnIHByZXNlcnZlQXNwZWN0UmF0aW89J3hNYXhZTWluIHNsaWNlJz48cGF0aCBkPSdNMzk5OTk0IDBsNiA2djM1bC02IDExYy01NiAxMDQtMTM1LjMgMTgxLjMtMjM4IDIzMi01Ny4zCiAyOC43LTExNyA0NS0xNzkgNTBILTMwMFYyMTRoMzk5ODk3YzQzLjMtNyA4MS0xNSAxMTMtMjYgMTAwLjctMzMgMTc5LjctOTEgMjM3Ci0xNzQgMi43LTUgNi05IDEwLTEzIC43LTEgNy4zLTEgMjAtMWgxN3onLz48L3N2Zz4="></span></span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">x</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="minner">⋯</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault">x</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.73133em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.398832em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> | |
| </p> | |
| <hr> | |
| <p><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><semantics><mrow><mo>∰</mo><mo>∯</mo><mo>∮</mo><mfrac><mi>a</mi><mi>b</mi></mfrac><mo>+</mo><mstyle scriptlevel="2" displaystyle="false"><mfrac><mi>c</mi><mi>d</mi></mfrac><mo>+</mo><mfrac><mi>e</mi><mi>f</mi></mfrac></mstyle><mo>+</mo><mfrac><mi>g</mi><mi>h</mi></mfrac></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex"> | |
| \oiiint \oiint \oint \frac ab + {\scriptscriptstyle \frac cd + \frac ef} + \frac gh | |
| </annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:2.22225em;vertical-align:-0.86225em;"></span><span class="mop vlist-t vlist-t2" style="position:relative;top:-0.0010000000000000564em;"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.3599999999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.3600000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.3600000000000003em;"></span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op" style="margin-right:0.44445em;">∭</span></span><span style="top:-3.2800000000000002em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.3600000000000003em;"></span><span class="overlay" style="height:0.659em;width:1.98em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.862em;"><span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop vlist-t vlist-t2" style="position:relative;top:-0.0010000000000000564em;"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.3599999999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.3600000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.3600000000000003em;"></span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op" style="margin-right:0.44445em;">∬</span></span><span style="top:-3.2800000000000002em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.3600000000000003em;"></span><span class="overlay" style="height:0.659em;width:1.472em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.862em;"><span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op" style="margin-right:0.44445em;position:relative;top:-0.0011249999999999316em;">∮</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.10756em;"><span style="top:-2.314em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault">b</span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.677em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault">a</span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.686em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.94655em;vertical-align:-0.36322em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mtight sizing reset-size6 size1"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8175600000000001em;"><span style="top:-2.468em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">d</span></span><span style="top:-3.2255000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line mtight" style="border-bottom-width:0.049em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.387em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">c</span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.532em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span></span><span class="mbin mtight sizing reset-size6 size1">+</span><span class="mord mtight sizing reset-size6 size1"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8175600000000001em;"><span style="top:-2.468em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.10764em;">f</span></span><span style="top:-3.2255000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line mtight" style="border-bottom-width:0.049em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.387em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">e</span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.72644em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.7935599999999998em;vertical-align:-0.686em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.1075599999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.314em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault">h</span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.677em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">g</span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.686em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span></span></span></span></span> | |
| </p> | |
| <p>Inline: <span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><semantics><mrow><mo>∰</mo><mo>∯</mo><mo>∮</mo><mfrac><mi>a</mi><mi>b</mi></mfrac><mo>+</mo><mstyle scriptlevel="2" displaystyle="false"><mfrac><mi>c</mi><mi>d</mi></mfrac><mo>+</mo><mfrac><mi>e</mi><mi>f</mi></mfrac></mstyle><mo>+</mo><mfrac><mi>g</mi><mi>h</mi></mfrac></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\oiiint \oiint \oint \frac ab + {\scriptscriptstyle \frac cd + \frac ef} + \frac gh</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.15em;vertical-align:-0.345em;"></span><span class="mop vlist-t vlist-t2" style="position:relative;top:-0.0005000000000000282em;"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8049999999999999em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mop op-symbol small-op" style="margin-right:0.19445em;">∭</span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="overlay" style="height:0.499em;width:1.304em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.306em;"><span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop vlist-t vlist-t2" style="position:relative;top:-0.0005000000000000282em;"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8049999999999999em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mop op-symbol small-op" style="margin-right:0.19445em;">∬</span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="overlay" style="height:0.499em;width:0.957em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.306em;"><span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop op-symbol small-op" style="margin-right:0.19445em;position:relative;top:-0.0005599999999999772em;">∮</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.695392em;"><span style="top:-2.6550000000000002em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">b</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.394em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">a</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.345em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.94655em;vertical-align:-0.36322em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mtight sizing reset-size6 size1"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8175600000000001em;"><span style="top:-2.468em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">d</span></span><span style="top:-3.2255000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line mtight" style="border-bottom-width:0.049em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.387em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">c</span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.532em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span></span><span class="mbin mtight sizing reset-size6 size1">+</span><span class="mord mtight sizing reset-size6 size1"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8175600000000001em;"><span style="top:-2.468em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.10764em;">f</span></span><span style="top:-3.2255000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line mtight" style="border-bottom-width:0.049em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.387em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">e</span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.72644em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.0925em;vertical-align:-0.345em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.7475em;"><span style="top:-2.6550000000000002em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">h</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.446108em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">g</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.345em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span></span></span></span> | |
| </p> | |
| <hr> | |
| <p><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><semantics><mrow><mo>∰</mo><mo>∯</mo><mo>∮</mo><mfrac><mi>a</mi><mi>b</mi></mfrac><mo>+</mo><mstyle scriptlevel="2" displaystyle="false"><mfrac><mi>c</mi><mi>d</mi></mfrac><mo>+</mo><mfrac><mi>e</mi><mi>f</mi></mfrac></mstyle><mo>+</mo><mfrac><mi>g</mi><mi>h</mi></mfrac></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex"> | |
| \oiiint \oiint \oint \frac ab + {\scriptscriptstyle \frac cd + \frac ef} + \frac gh | |
| </annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:2.22225em;vertical-align:-0.86225em;"></span><span class="mop vlist-t vlist-t2" style="position:relative;top:-0.0010000000000000564em;"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.3599999999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.3600000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.3600000000000003em;"></span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op" style="margin-right:0.44445em;">∭</span></span><span style="top:-3.2800000000000002em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.3600000000000003em;"></span><span class="overlay" style="height:0.659em;width:1.98em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.862em;"><span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop vlist-t vlist-t2" style="position:relative;top:-0.0010000000000000564em;"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.3599999999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.3600000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.3600000000000003em;"></span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op" style="margin-right:0.44445em;">∬</span></span><span style="top:-3.2800000000000002em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.3600000000000003em;"></span><span class="overlay" style="height:0.659em;width:1.472em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.862em;"><span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op" style="margin-right:0.44445em;position:relative;top:-0.0011249999999999316em;">∮</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.10756em;"><span style="top:-2.314em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault">b</span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.677em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault">a</span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.686em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.94655em;vertical-align:-0.36322em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mtight sizing reset-size6 size1"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8175600000000001em;"><span style="top:-2.468em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">d</span></span><span style="top:-3.2255000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line mtight" style="border-bottom-width:0.049em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.387em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">c</span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.532em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span></span><span class="mbin mtight sizing reset-size6 size1">+</span><span class="mord mtight sizing reset-size6 size1"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8175600000000001em;"><span style="top:-2.468em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.10764em;">f</span></span><span style="top:-3.2255000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line mtight" style="border-bottom-width:0.049em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.387em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">e</span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.72644em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.7935599999999998em;vertical-align:-0.686em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.1075599999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.314em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault">h</span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.677em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">g</span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.686em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span></span></span></span></span> | |
| </p> | |
| <p>Inline: <span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>E</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⇒</mo></mover><mo>−</mo><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>a</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⇀</mo></mover><mo>−</mo><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>F</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⏠</mo></mover><mo>−</mo><munder accentunder="true"><mrow><mi>a</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⏡</mo></munder><mo>−</mo><munder accentunder="true"><mrow><mi>e</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>p</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⏡</mo></munder><mo>−</mo><munder accentunder="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">~</mo></munder><mo>−</mo><munder accentunder="true"><munder accentunder="true"><munder accentunder="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">~</mo></munder><mo stretchy="true">~</mo></munder><mo stretchy="true">~</mo></munder><mo>−</mo><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>D</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">ˇ</mo></mover><mi>E</mi><mi>F</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">ˇ</mo></mover><mo>−</mo><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>D</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">^</mo></mover><mi>E</mi><mi>F</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">^</mo></mover></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\Overrightarrow{ABCDE} - \overrightharpoon{abcdec} - \overgroup{ABCDEF} - \undergroup{abcde} - \undergroup{efgp} - \utilde{AB} - \utilde{\utilde{\utilde{AB}}} - \widecheck{AB\widecheck{CD}EF} - \widehat{AB\widehat{CD}EF}</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.32666em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.24333em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">A</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">D</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">E</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.6833299999999998em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="hide-tail" style="height:0.56em;min-width:0.888em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.2997699999999999em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.21644em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">a</span><span class="mord mathdefault">b</span><span class="mord mathdefault">c</span><span class="mord mathdefault">d</span><span class="mord mathdefault">e</span><span class="mord mathdefault">c</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.69444em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="hide-tail" style="height:0.522em;min-width:0.888em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.10866em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.02533em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">A</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">D</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">E</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.13889em;">F</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.6833299999999998em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="stretchy" style="height:0.342em;min-width:0.888em;"><span class="halfarrow-left" style="height:0.342em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0nNDAwZW0nIGhlaWdodD0nMC4zNDJlbScgdmlld0JveD0nMCAwIDQwMDAwMCAzNDInIHByZXNlcnZlQXNwZWN0UmF0aW89J3hNaW5ZTWluIHNsaWNlJz48cGF0aCBkPSdNNDAwMDAwIDgwCkg0MzVDNjQgODAgMTY4LjMgMjI5LjQgMjEgMjYwYy01LjkgMS4yLTE4IDAtMTggMC0yIDAtMy0xLTMtM3YtMzhDNzYgNjEgMjU3IDAKIDQzNSAwaDM5OTU2NXonLz48L3N2Zz4="></span><span class="halfarrow-right" style="height:0.342em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0nNDAwZW0nIGhlaWdodD0nMC4zNDJlbScgdmlld0JveD0nMCAwIDQwMDAwMCAzNDInIHByZXNlcnZlQXNwZWN0UmF0aW89J3hNYXhZTWluIHNsaWNlJz48cGF0aCBkPSdNMCA4MGgzOTk1NjVjMzcxIDAgMjY2LjcgMTQ5LjQgNDE0IDE4MCA1LjkgMS4yIDE4IDAgMTggMCAyIDAKIDMtMSAzLTN2LTM4Yy03Ni0xNTgtMjU3LTIxOS00MzUtMjE5SDB6Jy8+PC9zdmc+"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.03644em;vertical-align:-0.342em;"></span><span class="mord accentunder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.69444em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.658em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="stretchy" style="height:0.342em;min-width:0.888em;"><span class="halfarrow-left" style="height:0.342em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0nNDAwZW0nIGhlaWdodD0nMC4zNDJlbScgdmlld0JveD0nMCAwIDQwMDAwMCAzNDInIHByZXNlcnZlQXNwZWN0UmF0aW89J3hNaW5ZTWluIHNsaWNlJz48cGF0aCBkPSdNNDAwMDAwIDI2MgpINDM1QzY0IDI2MiAxNjguMyAxMTIuNiAyMSA4MmMtNS45LTEuMi0xOCAwLTE4IDAtMiAwLTMgMS0zIDN2MzhjNzYgMTU4IDI1NyAyMTkKIDQzNSAyMTloMzk5NTY1eicvPjwvc3ZnPg=="></span><span class="halfarrow-right" style="height:0.342em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0nNDAwZW0nIGhlaWdodD0nMC4zNDJlbScgdmlld0JveD0nMCAwIDQwMDAwMCAzNDInIHByZXNlcnZlQXNwZWN0UmF0aW89J3hNYXhZTWluIHNsaWNlJz48cGF0aCBkPSdNMCAyNjJoMzk5NTY1YzM3MSAwIDI2Ni43LTE0OS40IDQxNC0xODAgNS45LTEuMiAxOCAwIDE4CiAwIDIgMCAzIDEgMyAzdjM4Yy03NiAxNTgtMjU3IDIxOS00MzUgMjE5SDB6Jy8+PC9zdmc+"></span></span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">a</span><span class="mord mathdefault">b</span><span class="mord mathdefault">c</span><span class="mord mathdefault">d</span><span class="mord mathdefault">e</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.342em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.23088em;vertical-align:-0.342em;"></span><span class="mord accentunder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8888799999999999em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.658em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="stretchy" style="height:0.342em;min-width:0.888em;"><span class="halfarrow-left" style="height:0.342em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0nNDAwZW0nIGhlaWdodD0nMC4zNDJlbScgdmlld0JveD0nMCAwIDQwMDAwMCAzNDInIHByZXNlcnZlQXNwZWN0UmF0aW89J3hNaW5ZTWluIHNsaWNlJz48cGF0aCBkPSdNNDAwMDAwIDI2MgpINDM1QzY0IDI2MiAxNjguMyAxMTIuNiAyMSA4MmMtNS45LTEuMi0xOCAwLTE4IDAtMiAwLTMgMS0zIDN2MzhjNzYgMTU4IDI1NyAyMTkKIDQzNSAyMTloMzk5NTY1eicvPjwvc3ZnPg=="></span><span class="halfarrow-right" style="height:0.342em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0nNDAwZW0nIGhlaWdodD0nMC4zNDJlbScgdmlld0JveD0nMCAwIDQwMDAwMCAzNDInIHByZXNlcnZlQXNwZWN0UmF0aW89J3hNYXhZTWluIHNsaWNlJz48cGF0aCBkPSdNMCAyNjJoMzk5NTY1YzM3MSAwIDI2Ni43LTE0OS40IDQxNC0xODAgNS45LTEuMiAxOCAwIDE4CiAwIDIgMCAzIDEgMyAzdjM4Yy03NiAxNTgtMjU3IDIxOS00MzUgMjE5SDB6Jy8+PC9zdmc+"></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.19444em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">e</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.10764em;">f</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">g</span><span class="mord mathdefault">p</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.342em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.08933em;vertical-align:-0.40599999999999997em;"></span><span class="mord accentunder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.68333em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.594em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.286em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">A</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.40599999999999997em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.8493299999999997em;vertical-align:-0.38em;"></span><span class="mord accentunder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.4693299999999998em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.70933em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.08933em;"></span><span style="height:0.26em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span></span><span style="top:-3.46933em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.08933em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord accentunder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.08933em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.62em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.26em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span></span><span style="top:-3.406em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord accentunder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.68333em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.594em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.286em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">A</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.40599999999999997em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.38em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.38em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.36666em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.28333em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">A</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.98333em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">D</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.6833299999999998em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.3em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0nMTAwJScgaGVpZ2h0PScwLjNlbScgdmlld0JveD0nMCAwIDIzNjQgMzAwJyBwcmVzZXJ2ZUFzcGVjdFJhdGlvPSdub25lJz48cGF0aCBkPSdNMTE4MSwyMjBoMmwxMTcxLC0xNzZjNiwwLDEwLC01LDEwLC0xMWwtMiwtMjNjLTEsLTYsLTUsLTEwLAotMTEsLTEwaC0xbC0xMTY4LDE1M2wtMTE2NywtMTUzaC0xYy02LDAsLTEwLDQsLTExLDEwbC0yLDIzYy0xLDYsNCwxMSwxMCwxMXonLz48L3N2Zz4="></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">E</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.13889em;">F</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.98333em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.3em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0nMTAwJScgaGVpZ2h0PScwLjNlbScgdmlld0JveD0nMCAwIDIzNjQgMzYwJyBwcmVzZXJ2ZUFzcGVjdFJhdGlvPSdub25lJz48cGF0aCBkPSdNMTE4MSwyODBoMmwxMTcxLC0yMzZjNiwwLDEwLC01LDEwLC0xMWwtMiwtMjNjLTEsLTYsLTUsLTEwLAotMTEsLTEwaC0xbC0xMTY4LDIxM2wtMTE2NywtMjEzaC0xYy02LDAsLTEwLDQsLTExLDEwbC0yLDIzYy0xLDYsNCwxMSwxMCwxMXonLz48L3N2Zz4="></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.28333em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.28333em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">A</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.98333em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">D</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.6833299999999998em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.3em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0nMTAwJScgaGVpZ2h0PScwLjNlbScgdmlld0JveD0nMCAwIDIzNjQgMzAwJyBwcmVzZXJ2ZUFzcGVjdFJhdGlvPSdub25lJz48cGF0aCBkPSdNMTE4MSAwaDJsMTE3MSAxNzZjNiAwIDEwIDUgMTAgMTFsLTIgMjNjLTEgNi01IDEwCi0xMSAxMGgtMUwxMTgyIDY3IDE1IDIyMGgtMWMtNiAwLTEwLTQtMTEtMTBsLTItMjNjLTEtNiA0LTExIDEwLTExeicvPjwvc3ZnPg=="></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">E</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.13889em;">F</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.98333em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.3em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0nMTAwJScgaGVpZ2h0PScwLjNlbScgdmlld0JveD0nMCAwIDIzNjQgMzYwJyBwcmVzZXJ2ZUFzcGVjdFJhdGlvPSdub25lJz48cGF0aCBkPSdNMTE4MSAwaDJsMTE3MSAyMzZjNiAwIDEwIDUgMTAgMTFsLTIgMjNjLTEgNi01IDEwCi0xMSAxMGgtMUwxMTgyIDY3IDE1IDI4MGgtMWMtNiAwLTEwLTQtMTEtMTBsLTItMjNjLTEtNiA0LTExIDEwLTExeicvPjwvc3ZnPg=="></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> | |
| </p> | |
| <hr> | |
| <p><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>E</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⇒</mo></mover><mo>−</mo><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>a</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⇀</mo></mover><mo>−</mo><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>F</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⏠</mo></mover><mo>−</mo><munder accentunder="true"><mrow><mi>a</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⏡</mo></munder><mo>−</mo><munder accentunder="true"><mrow><mi>e</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>p</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⏡</mo></munder><mo>−</mo><munder accentunder="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">~</mo></munder><mo>−</mo><munder accentunder="true"><munder accentunder="true"><munder accentunder="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">~</mo></munder><mo stretchy="true">~</mo></munder><mo stretchy="true">~</mo></munder><mo>−</mo><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>D</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">ˇ</mo></mover><mi>E</mi><mi>F</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">ˇ</mo></mover><mo>−</mo><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>D</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">^</mo></mover><mi>E</mi><mi>F</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">^</mo></mover></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex"> | |
| \Overrightarrow{ABCDE} | |
| - | |
| \overrightharpoon{abcdec} | |
| - | |
| \overgroup{ABCDEF} | |
| - | |
| \undergroup{abcde} | |
| - | |
| \undergroup{efgp} | |
| - | |
| \utilde{AB} | |
| - | |
| \utilde{\utilde{\utilde{AB}}} | |
| - | |
| \widecheck{AB\widecheck{CD}EF} | |
| - | |
| \widehat{AB\widehat{CD}EF} | |
| </annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.32666em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.24333em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">A</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">D</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">E</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.6833299999999998em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="hide-tail" style="height:0.56em;min-width:0.888em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.2997699999999999em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.21644em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">a</span><span class="mord mathdefault">b</span><span class="mord mathdefault">c</span><span class="mord mathdefault">d</span><span class="mord mathdefault">e</span><span class="mord mathdefault">c</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.69444em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="hide-tail" style="height:0.522em;min-width:0.888em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.10866em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.02533em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">A</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">D</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">E</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.13889em;">F</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.6833299999999998em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="stretchy" style="height:0.342em;min-width:0.888em;"><span class="halfarrow-left" style="height:0.342em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0nNDAwZW0nIGhlaWdodD0nMC4zNDJlbScgdmlld0JveD0nMCAwIDQwMDAwMCAzNDInIHByZXNlcnZlQXNwZWN0UmF0aW89J3hNaW5ZTWluIHNsaWNlJz48cGF0aCBkPSdNNDAwMDAwIDgwCkg0MzVDNjQgODAgMTY4LjMgMjI5LjQgMjEgMjYwYy01LjkgMS4yLTE4IDAtMTggMC0yIDAtMy0xLTMtM3YtMzhDNzYgNjEgMjU3IDAKIDQzNSAwaDM5OTU2NXonLz48L3N2Zz4="></span><span class="halfarrow-right" style="height:0.342em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0nNDAwZW0nIGhlaWdodD0nMC4zNDJlbScgdmlld0JveD0nMCAwIDQwMDAwMCAzNDInIHByZXNlcnZlQXNwZWN0UmF0aW89J3hNYXhZTWluIHNsaWNlJz48cGF0aCBkPSdNMCA4MGgzOTk1NjVjMzcxIDAgMjY2LjcgMTQ5LjQgNDE0IDE4MCA1LjkgMS4yIDE4IDAgMTggMCAyIDAKIDMtMSAzLTN2LTM4Yy03Ni0xNTgtMjU3LTIxOS00MzUtMjE5SDB6Jy8+PC9zdmc+"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.03644em;vertical-align:-0.342em;"></span><span class="mord accentunder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.69444em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.658em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="stretchy" style="height:0.342em;min-width:0.888em;"><span class="halfarrow-left" style="height:0.342em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0nNDAwZW0nIGhlaWdodD0nMC4zNDJlbScgdmlld0JveD0nMCAwIDQwMDAwMCAzNDInIHByZXNlcnZlQXNwZWN0UmF0aW89J3hNaW5ZTWluIHNsaWNlJz48cGF0aCBkPSdNNDAwMDAwIDI2MgpINDM1QzY0IDI2MiAxNjguMyAxMTIuNiAyMSA4MmMtNS45LTEuMi0xOCAwLTE4IDAtMiAwLTMgMS0zIDN2MzhjNzYgMTU4IDI1NyAyMTkKIDQzNSAyMTloMzk5NTY1eicvPjwvc3ZnPg=="></span><span class="halfarrow-right" style="height:0.342em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0nNDAwZW0nIGhlaWdodD0nMC4zNDJlbScgdmlld0JveD0nMCAwIDQwMDAwMCAzNDInIHByZXNlcnZlQXNwZWN0UmF0aW89J3hNYXhZTWluIHNsaWNlJz48cGF0aCBkPSdNMCAyNjJoMzk5NTY1YzM3MSAwIDI2Ni43LTE0OS40IDQxNC0xODAgNS45LTEuMiAxOCAwIDE4CiAwIDIgMCAzIDEgMyAzdjM4Yy03NiAxNTgtMjU3IDIxOS00MzUgMjE5SDB6Jy8+PC9zdmc+"></span></span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">a</span><span class="mord mathdefault">b</span><span class="mord mathdefault">c</span><span class="mord mathdefault">d</span><span class="mord mathdefault">e</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.342em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.23088em;vertical-align:-0.342em;"></span><span class="mord accentunder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8888799999999999em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.658em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="stretchy" style="height:0.342em;min-width:0.888em;"><span class="halfarrow-left" style="height:0.342em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0nNDAwZW0nIGhlaWdodD0nMC4zNDJlbScgdmlld0JveD0nMCAwIDQwMDAwMCAzNDInIHByZXNlcnZlQXNwZWN0UmF0aW89J3hNaW5ZTWluIHNsaWNlJz48cGF0aCBkPSdNNDAwMDAwIDI2MgpINDM1QzY0IDI2MiAxNjguMyAxMTIuNiAyMSA4MmMtNS45LTEuMi0xOCAwLTE4IDAtMiAwLTMgMS0zIDN2MzhjNzYgMTU4IDI1NyAyMTkKIDQzNSAyMTloMzk5NTY1eicvPjwvc3ZnPg=="></span><span class="halfarrow-right" style="height:0.342em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0nNDAwZW0nIGhlaWdodD0nMC4zNDJlbScgdmlld0JveD0nMCAwIDQwMDAwMCAzNDInIHByZXNlcnZlQXNwZWN0UmF0aW89J3hNYXhZTWluIHNsaWNlJz48cGF0aCBkPSdNMCAyNjJoMzk5NTY1YzM3MSAwIDI2Ni43LTE0OS40IDQxNC0xODAgNS45LTEuMiAxOCAwIDE4CiAwIDIgMCAzIDEgMyAzdjM4Yy03NiAxNTgtMjU3IDIxOS00MzUgMjE5SDB6Jy8+PC9zdmc+"></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.19444em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">e</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.10764em;">f</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">g</span><span class="mord mathdefault">p</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.342em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.08933em;vertical-align:-0.40599999999999997em;"></span><span class="mord accentunder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.68333em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.594em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.286em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">A</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.40599999999999997em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.8493299999999997em;vertical-align:-0.38em;"></span><span class="mord accentunder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.4693299999999998em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.70933em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.08933em;"></span><span style="height:0.26em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span></span><span style="top:-3.46933em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.08933em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord accentunder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.08933em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.62em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.26em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0nMTAwJScgaGVpZ2h0PScwLjI2ZW0nIHZpZXdCb3g9JzAgMCA2MDAgMjYwJyBwcmVzZXJ2ZUFzcGVjdFJhdGlvPSdub25lJz48cGF0aCBkPSdNMjAwIDU1LjUzOGMtNzcgMC0xNjggNzMuOTUzLTE3NyA3My45NTMtMyAwLTcKLTIuMTc1LTktNS40MzdMMiA5N2MtMS0yLTItNC0yLTYgMC00IDItNyA1LTlsMjAtMTJDMTE2IDEyIDE3MSAwIDIwNyAwYzg2IDAKIDExNCA2OCAxOTEgNjggNzggMCAxNjgtNjggMTc3LTY4IDQgMCA3IDIgOSA1bDEyIDE5YzEgMi4xNzUgMiA0LjM1IDIgNi41MjUgMAogNC4zNS0yIDcuNjEzLTUgOS43ODhsLTE5IDEzLjA1Yy05MiA2My4wNzctMTE2LjkzNyA3NS4zMDgtMTgzIDc2LjEyOAotNjguMjY3Ljg0Ny0xMTMtNzMuOTUyLTE5MS03My45NTJ6Jy8+PC9zdmc+"></span></span><span style="top:-3.406em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord accentunder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.68333em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.594em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.286em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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"></span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">A</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.40599999999999997em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.38em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.38em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.36666em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.28333em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">A</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.98333em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">D</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.6833299999999998em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.3em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0nMTAwJScgaGVpZ2h0PScwLjNlbScgdmlld0JveD0nMCAwIDIzNjQgMzAwJyBwcmVzZXJ2ZUFzcGVjdFJhdGlvPSdub25lJz48cGF0aCBkPSdNMTE4MSwyMjBoMmwxMTcxLC0xNzZjNiwwLDEwLC01LDEwLC0xMWwtMiwtMjNjLTEsLTYsLTUsLTEwLAotMTEsLTEwaC0xbC0xMTY4LDE1M2wtMTE2NywtMTUzaC0xYy02LDAsLTEwLDQsLTExLDEwbC0yLDIzYy0xLDYsNCwxMSwxMCwxMXonLz48L3N2Zz4="></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">E</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.13889em;">F</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.98333em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.3em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0nMTAwJScgaGVpZ2h0PScwLjNlbScgdmlld0JveD0nMCAwIDIzNjQgMzYwJyBwcmVzZXJ2ZUFzcGVjdFJhdGlvPSdub25lJz48cGF0aCBkPSdNMTE4MSwyODBoMmwxMTcxLC0yMzZjNiwwLDEwLC01LDEwLC0xMWwtMiwtMjNjLTEsLTYsLTUsLTEwLAotMTEsLTEwaC0xbC0xMTY4LDIxM2wtMTE2NywtMjEzaC0xYy02LDAsLTEwLDQsLTExLDEwbC0yLDIzYy0xLDYsNCwxMSwxMCwxMXonLz48L3N2Zz4="></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.28333em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.28333em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">A</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.98333em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">D</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.6833299999999998em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.3em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0nMTAwJScgaGVpZ2h0PScwLjNlbScgdmlld0JveD0nMCAwIDIzNjQgMzAwJyBwcmVzZXJ2ZUFzcGVjdFJhdGlvPSdub25lJz48cGF0aCBkPSdNMTE4MSAwaDJsMTE3MSAxNzZjNiAwIDEwIDUgMTAgMTFsLTIgMjNjLTEgNi01IDEwCi0xMSAxMGgtMUwxMTgyIDY3IDE1IDIyMGgtMWMtNiAwLTEwLTQtMTEtMTBsLTItMjNjLTEtNiA0LTExIDEwLTExeicvPjwvc3ZnPg=="></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">E</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.13889em;">F</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.98333em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.3em;"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiB3aWR0aD0nMTAwJScgaGVpZ2h0PScwLjNlbScgdmlld0JveD0nMCAwIDIzNjQgMzYwJyBwcmVzZXJ2ZUFzcGVjdFJhdGlvPSdub25lJz48cGF0aCBkPSdNMTE4MSAwaDJsMTE3MSAyMzZjNiAwIDEwIDUgMTAgMTFsLTIgMjNjLTEgNi01IDEwCi0xMSAxMGgtMUwxMTgyIDY3IDE1IDI4MGgtMWMtNiAwLTEwLTQtMTEtMTBsLTItMjNjLTEtNiA0LTExIDEwLTExeicvPjwvc3ZnPg=="></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> | |
| </p></body> | |
| </annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.10764em;">f</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord mathdefault">x</span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:2.384573em;vertical-align:-0.970281em;"></span><span class="mop"><span class="mop op-symbol large-op" style="margin-right:0.44445em;position:relative;top:-0.0011249999999999316em;">∫</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.414292em;"><span style="top:-1.7880500000000001em;margin-left:-0.44445em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">−</span><span class="mord mtight">∞</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.8129000000000004em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">∞</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.970281em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.9578799999999998em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.10764em;">f</span></span><span style="top:-3.26344em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="accent-body" style="left:-0.08332999999999999em;">^</span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.19444em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.04601em;">ξ</span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8991079999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.1130000000000004em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">π</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">i</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.04601em;">ξ</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">x</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault">d</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.04601em;">ξ</span></span></span></span></span> | |
| </p> | |
| <p>Inline: <span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><semantics><mrow><mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true"><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mrow><mo fence="true">(</mo><msqrt><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi><msqrt><mn>5</mn></msqrt></mrow></msqrt><mo>−</mo><mi>ϕ</mi><mo fence="true">)</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mfrac><mn>2</mn><mn>5</mn></mfrac><mi>π</mi></mrow></msup></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mfrac><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>π</mi></mrow></msup><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mfrac><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>4</mn><mi>π</mi></mrow></msup><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mfrac><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>6</mn><mi>π</mi></mrow></msup><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mfrac><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>8</mn><mi>π</mi></mrow></msup><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mo>⋯</mo></mrow></mfrac></mrow></mfrac></mrow></mfrac></mrow></mfrac></mstyle></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\displaystyle \frac{1}{ \Bigl(\sqrt{\phi \sqrt{5}}-\phi\Bigr) e^{\frac25 \pi} } = 1+\frac{e^{-2\pi}} { 1+\frac{e^{-4\pi}} { 1+\frac{e^{-6\pi}} { 1+\frac{e^{-8\pi}}{ 1+\cdots } } } }</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:3.01146em;vertical-align:-1.69002em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.32144em;"><span style="top:-2.11em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.15em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen"><span class="delimsizing size2">(</span></span><span class="mord sqrt"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.04139em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.2em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.2em;"></span><span class="mord" style="padding-left:1em;"><span class="mord mathdefault">ϕ</span><span class="mord sqrt"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.90722em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord" style="padding-left:0.833em;"><span class="mord">5</span></span></span><span style="top:-2.86722em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="hide-tail" style="min-width:0.853em;height:1.08em;"><svg width="400em" height="1.08em" viewBox="0 0 400000 1080" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin slice"><path d="M95,702c-2.7,0,-7.17,-2.7,-13.5,-8c-5.8,-5.3,-9.5, | |
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| 35.3,-71,104,-213c68.7,-142,137.5,-285,206.5,-429c69,-144,104.5,-217.7,106.5, | |
| -221c5.3,-9.3,12,-14,20,-14H400000v40H845.2724s-225.272,467,-225.272,467 | |
| s-235,486,-235,486c-2.7,4.7,-9,7,-19,7c-6,0,-10,-1,-12,-3s-194,-422,-194,-422 | |
| s-65,47,-65,47z M834 80H400000v40H845z"></path></svg></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.13278em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0013900000000002em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.2em;"></span><span class="hide-tail" style="min-width:1.02em;height:1.28em;"><svg width="400em" height="1.28em" viewBox="0 0 400000 1296" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin slice"><path d="M263,681c0.7,0,18,39.7,52,119c34,79.3,68.167, | |
| 158.7,102.5,238c34.3,79.3,51.8,119.3,52.5,120c340,-704.7,510.7,-1060.3,512,-1067 | |
| c4.7,-7.3,11,-11,19,-11H40000v40H1012.3s-271.3,567,-271.3,567c-38.7,80.7,-84, | |
| 175,-136,283c-52,108,-89.167,185.3,-111.5,232c-22.3,46.7,-33.8,70.3,-34.5,71 | |
| c-4.7,4.7,-12.3,7,-23,7s-12,-1,-12,-1s-109,-253,-109,-253c-72.7,-168,-109.3, | |
| -252,-110,-252c-10.7,8,-22,16.7,-34,26c-22,17.3,-33.3,26,-34,26s-26,-26,-26,-26 | |
| s76,-59,76,-59s76,-60,76,-60z M1001 80H40000v40H1012z"></path></svg></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.19860999999999995em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault">ϕ</span><span class="mclose"><span class="delimsizing size2">)</span></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.93957em;"><span style="top:-3.3485500000000004em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter sizing reset-size3 size6"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8443142857142858em;"><span style="top:-2.656em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">5</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2255000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line mtight" style="border-bottom-width:0.049em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.384em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.344em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter sizing reset-size3 size6"></span></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">π</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.38em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.15em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.827em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.15em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">1</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.69002em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.72777em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord">1</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:3.692383em;vertical-align:-2.201275em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.491108em;"><span style="top:-2.19358em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">1</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.91642em;"><span style="top:-2.4519800000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">1</span><span class="mbin mtight">+</span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter sizing reset-size3 size6"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.0543142857142858em;"><span style="top:-2.229757142857143em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">1</span><span class="mbin mtight">+</span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.32544em;"><span style="top:-2.468em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">1</span><span class="mbin mtight">+</span><span class="minner mtight">⋯</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2255000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line mtight" style="border-bottom-width:0.049em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.387em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.9384399999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.93844em;margin-right:0.1em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.64444em;"></span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">−</span><span class="mord mtight">8</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">π</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.61533em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2255000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line mtight" style="border-bottom-width:0.049em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.384em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.9384399999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.93844em;margin-right:0.1em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.64444em;"></span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">−</span><span class="mord mtight">6</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">π</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.2097642857142856em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter sizing reset-size3 size6"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.394em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.7463142857142857em;"><span style="top:-2.786em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.5em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">−</span><span class="mord mtight">4</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">π</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.3948549999999997em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.677em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8141079999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">−</span><span class="mord mtight">2</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">π</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:2.201275em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span></span></span></span> | |
| </p> | |
| <hr> | |
| <p><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><semantics><mrow><mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true"><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mrow><mo fence="true">(</mo><msqrt><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi><msqrt><mn>5</mn></msqrt></mrow></msqrt><mo>−</mo><mi>ϕ</mi><mo fence="true">)</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mfrac><mn>2</mn><mn>5</mn></mfrac><mi>π</mi></mrow></msup></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mfrac><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>π</mi></mrow></msup><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mfrac><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>4</mn><mi>π</mi></mrow></msup><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mfrac><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>6</mn><mi>π</mi></mrow></msup><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mfrac><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>8</mn><mi>π</mi></mrow></msup><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mo>⋯</mo></mrow></mfrac></mrow></mfrac></mrow></mfrac></mrow></mfrac></mstyle></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex"> | |
| \displaystyle | |
| \frac{1}{ | |
| \Bigl(\sqrt{\phi \sqrt{5}}-\phi\Bigr) e^{\frac25 \pi} | |
| } = | |
| 1+\frac{e^{-2\pi}} { | |
| 1+\frac{e^{-4\pi}} { | |
| 1+\frac{e^{-6\pi}} { | |
| 1+\frac{e^{-8\pi}}{ | |
| 1+\cdots | |
| } | |
| } | |
| } | |
| } | |
| </annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:3.01146em;vertical-align:-1.69002em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.32144em;"><span style="top:-2.11em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.15em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen"><span class="delimsizing size2">(</span></span><span class="mord sqrt"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.04139em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.2em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.2em;"></span><span class="mord" style="padding-left:1em;"><span class="mord mathdefault">ϕ</span><span class="mord sqrt"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.90722em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord" style="padding-left:0.833em;"><span class="mord">5</span></span></span><span style="top:-2.86722em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="hide-tail" style="min-width:0.853em;height:1.08em;"><svg width="400em" height="1.08em" viewBox="0 0 400000 1080" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin slice"><path d="M95,702c-2.7,0,-7.17,-2.7,-13.5,-8c-5.8,-5.3,-9.5, | |
| -10,-9.5,-14c0,-2,0.3,-3.3,1,-4c1.3,-2.7,23.83,-20.7,67.5,-54c44.2,-33.3,65.8, | |
| -50.3,66.5,-51c1.3,-1.3,3,-2,5,-2c4.7,0,8.7,3.3,12,10s173,378,173,378c0.7,0, | |
| 35.3,-71,104,-213c68.7,-142,137.5,-285,206.5,-429c69,-144,104.5,-217.7,106.5, | |
| -221c5.3,-9.3,12,-14,20,-14H400000v40H845.2724s-225.272,467,-225.272,467 | |
| s-235,486,-235,486c-2.7,4.7,-9,7,-19,7c-6,0,-10,-1,-12,-3s-194,-422,-194,-422 | |
| s-65,47,-65,47z M834 80H400000v40H845z"></path></svg></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.13278em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0013900000000002em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.2em;"></span><span class="hide-tail" style="min-width:1.02em;height:1.28em;"><svg width="400em" height="1.28em" viewBox="0 0 400000 1296" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin slice"><path d="M263,681c0.7,0,18,39.7,52,119c34,79.3,68.167, | |
| 158.7,102.5,238c34.3,79.3,51.8,119.3,52.5,120c340,-704.7,510.7,-1060.3,512,-1067 | |
| c4.7,-7.3,11,-11,19,-11H40000v40H1012.3s-271.3,567,-271.3,567c-38.7,80.7,-84, | |
| 175,-136,283c-52,108,-89.167,185.3,-111.5,232c-22.3,46.7,-33.8,70.3,-34.5,71 | |
| c-4.7,4.7,-12.3,7,-23,7s-12,-1,-12,-1s-109,-253,-109,-253c-72.7,-168,-109.3, | |
| -252,-110,-252c-10.7,8,-22,16.7,-34,26c-22,17.3,-33.3,26,-34,26s-26,-26,-26,-26 | |
| s76,-59,76,-59s76,-60,76,-60z M1001 80H40000v40H1012z"></path></svg></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.19860999999999995em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault">ϕ</span><span class="mclose"><span class="delimsizing size2">)</span></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.93957em;"><span style="top:-3.3485500000000004em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter sizing reset-size3 size6"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8443142857142858em;"><span style="top:-2.656em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">5</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2255000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line mtight" style="border-bottom-width:0.049em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.384em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.344em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter sizing reset-size3 size6"></span></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">π</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.38em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.15em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.827em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.15em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">1</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.69002em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.72777em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord">1</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:3.692383em;vertical-align:-2.201275em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.491108em;"><span style="top:-2.19358em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">1</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.91642em;"><span style="top:-2.4519800000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">1</span><span class="mbin mtight">+</span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter sizing reset-size3 size6"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.0543142857142858em;"><span style="top:-2.229757142857143em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">1</span><span class="mbin mtight">+</span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.32544em;"><span style="top:-2.468em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">1</span><span class="mbin mtight">+</span><span class="minner mtight">⋯</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2255000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line mtight" style="border-bottom-width:0.049em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.387em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.9384399999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.93844em;margin-right:0.1em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.64444em;"></span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">−</span><span class="mord mtight">8</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">π</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.61533em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.2255000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line mtight" style="border-bottom-width:0.049em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.384em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.9384399999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.93844em;margin-right:0.1em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.64444em;"></span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">−</span><span class="mord mtight">6</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">π</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.2097642857142856em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter sizing reset-size3 size6"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.394em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.7463142857142857em;"><span style="top:-2.786em;margin-right:0.07142857142857144em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.5em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">−</span><span class="mord mtight">4</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">π</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.3948549999999997em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.677em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">e</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8141079999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">−</span><span class="mord mtight">2</span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">π</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:2.201275em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span></span></span></span></span> | |
| </p> | |
| <p>Inline: <span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><semantics><mrow><mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true"><msup><mrow><mo fence="true">(</mo><munderover><mo>∑</mo><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mi>n</mi></munderover><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>k</mi></msub><msub><mi>b</mi><mi>k</mi></msub><mo fence="true">)</mo></mrow><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>≤</mo><mrow><mo fence="true">(</mo><munderover><mo>∑</mo><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mi>n</mi></munderover><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mi>k</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup><mo fence="true">)</mo></mrow><mrow><mo fence="true">(</mo><munderover><mo>∑</mo><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mi>n</mi></munderover><msubsup><mi>b</mi><mi>k</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup><mo fence="true">)</mo></mrow></mstyle></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\displaystyle \left ( \sum_{k=1}^n a_k b_k \right)^2 \leq \left( \sum_{k=1}^n a_k^2 \right) \left( \sum_{k=1}^n b_k^2 \right)</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:3.2561210000000003em;vertical-align:-1.302113em;"></span><span class="minner"><span class="minner"><span class="mopen delimcenter" style="top:0em;"><span class="delimsizing size4">(</span></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.6513970000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight">1</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op">∑</span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">n</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">a</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">b</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose delimcenter" style="top:0em;"><span class="delimsizing size4">)</span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.954008em;"><span style="top:-4.2029000000000005em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">≤</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:3.0521130000000003em;vertical-align:-1.302113em;"></span><span class="minner"><span class="mopen delimcenter" style="top:0em;"><span class="delimsizing size4">(</span></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.6513970000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight">1</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op">∑</span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">n</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">a</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641079999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.4530000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.247em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose delimcenter" style="top:0em;"><span class="delimsizing size4">)</span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="minner"><span class="mopen delimcenter" style="top:0em;"><span class="delimsizing size4">(</span></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.6513970000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight">1</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op">∑</span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">n</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">b</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641079999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.4530000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.247em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose delimcenter" style="top:0em;"><span class="delimsizing size4">)</span></span></span></span></span></span> | |
| </p> | |
| <hr> | |
| <p><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><semantics><mrow><mstyle scriptlevel="0" displaystyle="true"><msup><mrow><mo fence="true">(</mo><munderover><mo>∑</mo><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mi>n</mi></munderover><msub><mi>a</mi><mi>k</mi></msub><msub><mi>b</mi><mi>k</mi></msub><mo fence="true">)</mo></mrow><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>≤</mo><mrow><mo fence="true">(</mo><munderover><mo>∑</mo><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mi>n</mi></munderover><msubsup><mi>a</mi><mi>k</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup><mo fence="true">)</mo></mrow><mrow><mo fence="true">(</mo><munderover><mo>∑</mo><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mi>n</mi></munderover><msubsup><mi>b</mi><mi>k</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup><mo fence="true">)</mo></mrow></mstyle></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex"> | |
| \displaystyle | |
| \left | |
| ( \sum_{k=1}^n a_k b_k | |
| \right)^2 | |
| \leq | |
| \left( | |
| \sum_{k=1}^n a_k^2 | |
| \right) | |
| \left( | |
| \sum_{k=1}^n b_k^2 | |
| \right) | |
| </annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:3.2561210000000003em;vertical-align:-1.302113em;"></span><span class="minner"><span class="minner"><span class="mopen delimcenter" style="top:0em;"><span class="delimsizing size4">(</span></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.6513970000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight">1</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op">∑</span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">n</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">a</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">b</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.33610799999999996em;"><span style="top:-2.5500000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose delimcenter" style="top:0em;"><span class="delimsizing size4">)</span></span></span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.954008em;"><span style="top:-4.2029000000000005em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span><span class="mrel">≤</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2777777777777778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:3.0521130000000003em;vertical-align:-1.302113em;"></span><span class="minner"><span class="mopen delimcenter" style="top:0em;"><span class="delimsizing size4">(</span></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.6513970000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight">1</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op">∑</span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">n</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">a</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641079999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.4530000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.247em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose delimcenter" style="top:0em;"><span class="delimsizing size4">)</span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="minner"><span class="mopen delimcenter" style="top:0em;"><span class="delimsizing size4">(</span></span><span class="mop op-limits"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.6513970000000002em;"><span style="top:-1.8478869999999998em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span><span class="mrel mtight">=</span><span class="mord mtight">1</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.0500049999999996em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op">∑</span></span></span><span style="top:-4.300005em;margin-left:0em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.05em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">n</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.302113em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">b</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641079999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.4530000000000003em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03148em;">k</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.247em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose delimcenter" style="top:0em;"><span class="delimsizing size4">)</span></span></span></span></span></span></span> | |
| </p> | |
| <p>Inline: <span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><semantics><mrow><mover><mover><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mo>⋯</mo><mo>+</mo><mi>x</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⏞</mo></mover><mrow><mi>n</mi><mrow><mtext> </mtext><mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi></mrow></mrow></mover><mo>−</mo><munder><munder><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mo>⋯</mo><mo>+</mo><mi>x</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⏟</mo></munder><mrow><mi>n</mi><mrow><mtext> </mtext><mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi></mrow></mrow></munder></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\overbrace{x + \cdots + x}^{n\rm\ times} - \underbrace{x + \cdots + x}_{n\rm\ times}</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.982162em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord mover"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.898832em;"><span style="top:-3.23133em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.23133em;"></span><span class="mord mover"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.23133em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">x</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="minner">⋯</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault">x</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.6833299999999998em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="stretchy" style="height:0.548em;min-width:1.6em;"><span class="brace-left" style="height:0.548em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.548em" viewBox="0 0 400000 548" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin slice"><path d="M6 548l-6-6v-35l6-11c56-104 135.3-181.3 238-232 57.3-28.7 117 | |
| -45 179-50h399577v120H403c-43.3 7-81 15-113 26-100.7 33-179.7 91-237 174-2.7 | |
| 5-6 9-10 13-.7 1-7.3 1-20 1H6z"></path></svg></span><span class="brace-center" style="height:0.548em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.548em" viewBox="0 0 400000 548" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMin slice"><path d="M200428 334 | |
| c-100.7-8.3-195.3-44-280-108-55.3-42-101.7-93-139-153l-9-14c-2.7 4-5.7 8.7-9 14 | |
| -53.3 86.7-123.7 153-211 199-66.7 36-137.3 56.3-212 62H0V214h199568c178.3-11.7 | |
| 311.7-78.3 403-201 6-8 9.7-12 11-12 .7-.7 6.7-1 18-1s17.3.3 18 1c1.3 0 5 4 11 | |
| 12 44.7 59.3 101.3 106.3 170 141s145.3 54.3 229 60h199572v120z"></path></svg></span><span class="brace-right" style="height:0.548em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.548em" viewBox="0 0 400000 548" preserveAspectRatio="xMaxYMin slice"><path d="M400000 542l | |
| -6 6h-17c-12.7 0-19.3-.3-20-1-4-4-7.3-8.3-10-13-35.3-51.3-80.8-93.8-136.5-127.5 | |
| s-117.2-55.8-184.5-66.5c-.7 0-2-.3-4-1-18.7-2.7-76-4.3-172-5H0V214h399571l6 1 | |
| c124.7 8 235 61.7 331 161 31.3 33.3 59.7 72.7 85 118l7 13v35z"></path></svg></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.08333em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-4.66266em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.23133em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">n</span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mspace mtight"><span class="mtight"> </span></span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">t</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">i</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">m</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">e</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">s</span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.08333em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.982162em;vertical-align:-1.398832em;"></span><span class="mord munder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.5833299999999999em;"><span style="top:-1.601168em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">n</span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mspace mtight"><span class="mtight"> </span></span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">t</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">i</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">m</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">e</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">s</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord munder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.58333em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.26867em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="stretchy" style="height:0.548em;min-width:1.6em;"><span class="brace-left" style="height:0.548em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.548em" viewBox="0 0 400000 548" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin slice"><path d="M0 6l6-6h17c12.688 0 19.313.3 20 1 4 4 7.313 8.3 10 13 | |
| 35.313 51.3 80.813 93.8 136.5 127.5 55.688 33.7 117.188 55.8 184.5 66.5.688 | |
| 0 2 .3 4 1 18.688 2.7 76 4.3 172 5h399450v120H429l-6-1c-124.688-8-235-61.7 | |
| -331-161C60.687 138.7 32.312 99.3 7 54L0 41V6z"></path></svg></span><span class="brace-center" style="height:0.548em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.548em" viewBox="0 0 400000 548" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMin slice"><path d="M199572 214 | |
| c100.7 8.3 195.3 44 280 108 55.3 42 101.7 93 139 153l9 14c2.7-4 5.7-8.7 9-14 | |
| 53.3-86.7 123.7-153 211-199 66.7-36 137.3-56.3 212-62h199568v120H200432c-178.3 | |
| 11.7-311.7 78.3-403 201-6 8-9.7 12-11 12-.7.7-6.7 1-18 1s-17.3-.3-18-1c-1.3 0 | |
| -5-4-11-12-44.7-59.3-101.3-106.3-170-141s-145.3-54.3-229-60H0V214z"></path></svg></span><span class="brace-right" style="height:0.548em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.548em" viewBox="0 0 400000 548" preserveAspectRatio="xMaxYMin slice"><path d="M399994 0l6 6v35l-6 11c-56 104-135.3 181.3-238 232-57.3 | |
| 28.7-117 45-179 50H-300V214h399897c43.3-7 81-15 113-26 100.7-33 179.7-91 237 | |
| -174 2.7-5 6-9 10-13 .7-1 7.3-1 20-1h17z"></path></svg></span></span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">x</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="minner">⋯</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault">x</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.73133em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.398832em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> | |
| </p> | |
| <hr> | |
| <p><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><semantics><mrow><mover><mover><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mo>⋯</mo><mo>+</mo><mi>x</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⏞</mo></mover><mrow><mi>n</mi><mrow><mtext> </mtext><mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi></mrow></mrow></mover><mo>−</mo><munder><munder><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mo>⋯</mo><mo>+</mo><mi>x</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⏟</mo></munder><mrow><mi>n</mi><mrow><mtext> </mtext><mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi></mrow></mrow></munder></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex"> | |
| \overbrace{x + \cdots + x}^{n\rm\ times} | |
| - | |
| \underbrace{x + \cdots + x}_{n\rm\ times} | |
| </annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.982162em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord mover"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.898832em;"><span style="top:-3.23133em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.23133em;"></span><span class="mord mover"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.23133em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">x</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="minner">⋯</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault">x</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.6833299999999998em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="stretchy" style="height:0.548em;min-width:1.6em;"><span class="brace-left" style="height:0.548em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.548em" viewBox="0 0 400000 548" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin slice"><path d="M6 548l-6-6v-35l6-11c56-104 135.3-181.3 238-232 57.3-28.7 117 | |
| -45 179-50h399577v120H403c-43.3 7-81 15-113 26-100.7 33-179.7 91-237 174-2.7 | |
| 5-6 9-10 13-.7 1-7.3 1-20 1H6z"></path></svg></span><span class="brace-center" style="height:0.548em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.548em" viewBox="0 0 400000 548" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMin slice"><path d="M200428 334 | |
| c-100.7-8.3-195.3-44-280-108-55.3-42-101.7-93-139-153l-9-14c-2.7 4-5.7 8.7-9 14 | |
| -53.3 86.7-123.7 153-211 199-66.7 36-137.3 56.3-212 62H0V214h199568c178.3-11.7 | |
| 311.7-78.3 403-201 6-8 9.7-12 11-12 .7-.7 6.7-1 18-1s17.3.3 18 1c1.3 0 5 4 11 | |
| 12 44.7 59.3 101.3 106.3 170 141s145.3 54.3 229 60h199572v120z"></path></svg></span><span class="brace-right" style="height:0.548em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.548em" viewBox="0 0 400000 548" preserveAspectRatio="xMaxYMin slice"><path d="M400000 542l | |
| -6 6h-17c-12.7 0-19.3-.3-20-1-4-4-7.3-8.3-10-13-35.3-51.3-80.8-93.8-136.5-127.5 | |
| s-117.2-55.8-184.5-66.5c-.7 0-2-.3-4-1-18.7-2.7-76-4.3-172-5H0V214h399571l6 1 | |
| c124.7 8 235 61.7 331 161 31.3 33.3 59.7 72.7 85 118l7 13v35z"></path></svg></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.08333em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-4.66266em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.23133em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">n</span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mspace mtight"><span class="mtight"> </span></span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">t</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">i</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">m</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">e</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">s</span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.08333em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.982162em;vertical-align:-1.398832em;"></span><span class="mord munder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.5833299999999999em;"><span style="top:-1.601168em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">n</span><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mspace mtight"><span class="mtight"> </span></span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">t</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">i</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">m</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">e</span><span class="mord mathrm mtight">s</span></span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord munder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.58333em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.26867em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="stretchy" style="height:0.548em;min-width:1.6em;"><span class="brace-left" style="height:0.548em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.548em" viewBox="0 0 400000 548" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin slice"><path d="M0 6l6-6h17c12.688 0 19.313.3 20 1 4 4 7.313 8.3 10 13 | |
| 35.313 51.3 80.813 93.8 136.5 127.5 55.688 33.7 117.188 55.8 184.5 66.5.688 | |
| 0 2 .3 4 1 18.688 2.7 76 4.3 172 5h399450v120H429l-6-1c-124.688-8-235-61.7 | |
| -331-161C60.687 138.7 32.312 99.3 7 54L0 41V6z"></path></svg></span><span class="brace-center" style="height:0.548em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.548em" viewBox="0 0 400000 548" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMin slice"><path d="M199572 214 | |
| c100.7 8.3 195.3 44 280 108 55.3 42 101.7 93 139 153l9 14c2.7-4 5.7-8.7 9-14 | |
| 53.3-86.7 123.7-153 211-199 66.7-36 137.3-56.3 212-62h199568v120H200432c-178.3 | |
| 11.7-311.7 78.3-403 201-6 8-9.7 12-11 12-.7.7-6.7 1-18 1s-17.3-.3-18-1c-1.3 0 | |
| -5-4-11-12-44.7-59.3-101.3-106.3-170-141s-145.3-54.3-229-60H0V214z"></path></svg></span><span class="brace-right" style="height:0.548em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.548em" viewBox="0 0 400000 548" preserveAspectRatio="xMaxYMin slice"><path d="M399994 0l6 6v35l-6 11c-56 104-135.3 181.3-238 232-57.3 | |
| 28.7-117 45-179 50H-300V214h399897c43.3-7 81-15 113-26 100.7-33 179.7-91 237 | |
| -174 2.7-5 6-9 10-13 .7-1 7.3-1 20-1h17z"></path></svg></span></span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">x</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="minner">⋯</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault">x</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.73133em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.398832em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> | |
| </p> | |
| <p>Inline: <span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><semantics><mrow><mo>∰</mo><mo>∯</mo><mo>∮</mo><mfrac><mi>a</mi><mi>b</mi></mfrac><mo>+</mo><mstyle scriptlevel="2" displaystyle="false"><mfrac><mi>c</mi><mi>d</mi></mfrac><mo>+</mo><mfrac><mi>e</mi><mi>f</mi></mfrac></mstyle><mo>+</mo><mfrac><mi>g</mi><mi>h</mi></mfrac></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\oiiint \oiint \oint \frac ab + {\scriptscriptstyle \frac cd + \frac ef} + \frac gh</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.15em;vertical-align:-0.345em;"></span><span class="mop vlist-t vlist-t2" style="position:relative;top:-0.0005000000000000282em;"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8049999999999999em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mop op-symbol small-op" style="margin-right:0.19445em;">∭</span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="overlay" style="height:0.499em;width:1.304em;"><svg width="1.304em" height="0.499em" style="width:1.304em" viewBox="0 0 1304 499" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin"><path d="M681.4 71.6c408.9 0 480.5 106.8 480.5 178.2 0 70.8-71.6 177.6 | |
| -480.5 177.6S202.1 320.6 202.1 249.8c0-71.4 70.5-178.2 479.3-178.2z | |
| m525.8 178.2c0-86.4-86.8-215.4-525.7-215.4-437.9 0-524.7 129-524.7 215.4 0 | |
| 85.8 86.8 214.8 524.7 214.8 438.9 0 525.7-129 525.7-214.8z"></path></svg></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.306em;"><span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop vlist-t vlist-t2" style="position:relative;top:-0.0005000000000000282em;"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8049999999999999em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mop op-symbol small-op" style="margin-right:0.19445em;">∬</span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="overlay" style="height:0.499em;width:0.957em;"><svg width="0.957em" height="0.499em" style="width:0.957em" viewBox="0 0 957 499" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin"><path d="M512.6 71.6c272.6 0 320.3 106.8 320.3 178.2 0 70.8-47.7 177.6 | |
| -320.3 177.6S193.1 320.6 193.1 249.8c0-71.4 46.9-178.2 319.5-178.2z | |
| m368.1 178.2c0-86.4-60.9-215.4-368.1-215.4-306.4 0-367.3 129-367.3 215.4 0 85.8 | |
| 60.9 214.8 367.3 214.8 307.2 0 368.1-129 368.1-214.8z"></path></svg></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.306em;"><span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop op-symbol small-op" style="margin-right:0.19445em;position:relative;top:-0.0005599999999999772em;">∮</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.695392em;"><span style="top:-2.6550000000000002em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">b</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.394em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">a</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.345em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.94655em;vertical-align:-0.36322em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mtight sizing reset-size6 size1"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8175600000000001em;"><span style="top:-2.468em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">d</span></span><span style="top:-3.2255000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line mtight" style="border-bottom-width:0.049em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.387em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">c</span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.532em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span></span><span class="mbin mtight sizing reset-size6 size1">+</span><span class="mord mtight sizing reset-size6 size1"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8175600000000001em;"><span style="top:-2.468em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.10764em;">f</span></span><span style="top:-3.2255000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line mtight" style="border-bottom-width:0.049em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.387em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">e</span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.72644em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.0925em;vertical-align:-0.345em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.7475em;"><span style="top:-2.6550000000000002em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">h</span></span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.446108em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">g</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.345em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span></span></span></span> | |
| </p> | |
| <hr> | |
| <p><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><semantics><mrow><mo>∰</mo><mo>∯</mo><mo>∮</mo><mfrac><mi>a</mi><mi>b</mi></mfrac><mo>+</mo><mstyle scriptlevel="2" displaystyle="false"><mfrac><mi>c</mi><mi>d</mi></mfrac><mo>+</mo><mfrac><mi>e</mi><mi>f</mi></mfrac></mstyle><mo>+</mo><mfrac><mi>g</mi><mi>h</mi></mfrac></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex"> | |
| \oiiint \oiint \oint \frac ab + {\scriptscriptstyle \frac cd + \frac ef} + \frac gh | |
| </annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:2.22225em;vertical-align:-0.86225em;"></span><span class="mop vlist-t vlist-t2" style="position:relative;top:-0.0010000000000000564em;"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.3599999999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.3600000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.3600000000000003em;"></span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op" style="margin-right:0.44445em;">∭</span></span><span style="top:-3.2800000000000002em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.3600000000000003em;"></span><span class="overlay" style="height:0.659em;width:1.98em;"><svg width="1.98em" height="0.659em" style="width:1.98em" viewBox="0 0 1980 659" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin"><path d="M1021.2 53c603.6 0 707.8 165.8 707.8 277.2 0 110-104.2 275.8 | |
| -707.8 275.8-606 0-710.2-165.8-710.2-275.8C311 218.8 415.2 53 1021.2 53z | |
| m770.4 277.1c0-131.2-126.4-327.6-770.5-327.6S248.4 198.9 248.4 330.1 | |
| c0 130 128.8 326.4 772.7 326.4s770.5-196.4 770.5-326.4z"></path></svg></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.862em;"><span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop vlist-t vlist-t2" style="position:relative;top:-0.0010000000000000564em;"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.3599999999999999em;"><span style="top:-3.3600000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.3600000000000003em;"></span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op" style="margin-right:0.44445em;">∬</span></span><span style="top:-3.2800000000000002em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.3600000000000003em;"></span><span class="overlay" style="height:0.659em;width:1.472em;"><svg width="1.472em" height="0.659em" style="width:1.472em" viewBox="0 0 1472 659" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin"><path d="M757.8 100.1c384.7 0 451.1 137.6 451.1 230 0 91.3-66.4 228.8 | |
| -451.1 228.8-386.3 0-452.7-137.5-452.7-228.8 0-92.4 66.4-230 452.7-230z | |
| m502.4 230c0-111.2-82.4-277.2-502.4-277.2s-504 166-504 277.2 | |
| c0 110 84 276 504 276s502.4-166 502.4-276z"></path></svg></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.862em;"><span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mop op-symbol large-op" style="margin-right:0.44445em;position:relative;top:-0.0011249999999999316em;">∮</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.16666666666666666em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.10756em;"><span style="top:-2.314em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault">b</span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.677em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault">a</span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.686em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.94655em;vertical-align:-0.36322em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mtight sizing reset-size6 size1"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8175600000000001em;"><span style="top:-2.468em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">d</span></span><span style="top:-3.2255000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line mtight" style="border-bottom-width:0.049em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.387em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">c</span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.532em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span></span><span class="mbin mtight sizing reset-size6 size1">+</span><span class="mord mtight sizing reset-size6 size1"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8175600000000001em;"><span style="top:-2.468em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight" style="margin-right:0.10764em;">f</span></span><span style="top:-3.2255000000000003em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line mtight" style="border-bottom-width:0.049em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.387em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault mtight">e</span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.72644em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter sizing reset-size1 size6"></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.7935599999999998em;vertical-align:-0.686em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mopen nulldelimiter"></span><span class="mfrac"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.1075599999999999em;"><span style="top:-2.314em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault">h</span></span><span style="top:-3.23em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="frac-line" style="border-bottom-width:0.04em;"></span></span><span style="top:-3.677em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">g</span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.686em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose nulldelimiter"></span></span></span></span></span></span> | |
| </p> | |
| <p>Inline: <span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>E</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⇒</mo></mover><mo>−</mo><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>a</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⇀</mo></mover><mo>−</mo><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>F</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⏠</mo></mover><mo>−</mo><munder accentunder="true"><mrow><mi>a</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⏡</mo></munder><mo>−</mo><munder accentunder="true"><mrow><mi>e</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>p</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⏡</mo></munder><mo>−</mo><munder accentunder="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">~</mo></munder><mo>−</mo><munder accentunder="true"><munder accentunder="true"><munder accentunder="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">~</mo></munder><mo stretchy="true">~</mo></munder><mo stretchy="true">~</mo></munder><mo>−</mo><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>D</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">ˇ</mo></mover><mi>E</mi><mi>F</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">ˇ</mo></mover><mo>−</mo><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>D</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">^</mo></mover><mi>E</mi><mi>F</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">^</mo></mover></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\Overrightarrow{ABCDE} - \overrightharpoon{abcdec} - \overgroup{ABCDEF} - \undergroup{abcde} - \undergroup{efgp} - \utilde{AB} - \utilde{\utilde{\utilde{AB}}} - \widecheck{AB\widecheck{CD}EF} - \widehat{AB\widehat{CD}EF}</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.32666em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.24333em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">A</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">D</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">E</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.6833299999999998em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="hide-tail" style="height:0.56em;min-width:0.888em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.56em" viewBox="0 0 400000 560" preserveAspectRatio="xMaxYMin slice"><path d="M399738 392l | |
| -10 10c-34 36-62.7 77-86 123-3.3 8-5 13.3-5 16 0 5.3 6.7 8 20 8 7.3 0 12.2-.5 | |
| 14.5-1.5 2.3-1 4.8-4.5 7.5-10.5 49.3-97.3 121.7-169.3 217-216 28-14 57.3-25 88 | |
| -33 6.7-2 11-3.8 13-5.5 2-1.7 3-4.2 3-7.5s-1-5.8-3-7.5c-2-1.7-6.3-3.5-13-5.5-68 | |
| -17.3-128.2-47.8-180.5-91.5-52.3-43.7-93.8-96.2-124.5-157.5-9.3-8-15.3-12.3-18 | |
| -13h-6c-12 .7-18 4-18 10 0 2 1.7 7 5 15 23.3 46 52 87 86 123l10 10H0v40h399782 | |
| c-328 0 0 0 0 0l10 8c26.7 20 65.7 43 117 69-2.7 2-6 3.7-10 5-36.7 16-72.3 37.3 | |
| -107 64l-10 8H0v40zM0 157v40h399730v-40zm0 194v40h399730v-40z"></path></svg></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.2997699999999999em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.21644em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">a</span><span class="mord mathdefault">b</span><span class="mord mathdefault">c</span><span class="mord mathdefault">d</span><span class="mord mathdefault">e</span><span class="mord mathdefault">c</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.69444em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="hide-tail" style="height:0.522em;min-width:0.888em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.522em" viewBox="0 0 400000 522" preserveAspectRatio="xMaxYMin slice"><path d="M0 241v40h399993c4.7-4.7 7-9.3 7-14 0-9.3 | |
| -3.7-15.3-11-18-92.7-56.7-159-133.7-199-231-3.3-9.3-6-14.7-8-16-2-1.3-7-2-15-2 | |
| -10.7 0-16.7 2-18 6-2 2.7-1 9.7 3 21 15.3 42 36.7 81.8 64 119.5 27.3 37.7 58 | |
| 69.2 92 94.5zm0 0v40h399900v-40z"></path></svg></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.10866em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.02533em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">A</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">D</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">E</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.13889em;">F</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.6833299999999998em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="stretchy" style="height:0.342em;min-width:0.888em;"><span class="halfarrow-left" style="height:0.342em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.342em" viewBox="0 0 400000 342" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin slice"><path d="M400000 80 | |
| H435C64 80 168.3 229.4 21 260c-5.9 1.2-18 0-18 0-2 0-3-1-3-3v-38C76 61 257 0 | |
| 435 0h399565z"></path></svg></span><span class="halfarrow-right" style="height:0.342em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.342em" viewBox="0 0 400000 342" preserveAspectRatio="xMaxYMin slice"><path d="M0 80h399565c371 0 266.7 149.4 414 180 5.9 1.2 18 0 18 0 2 0 | |
| 3-1 3-3v-38c-76-158-257-219-435-219H0z"></path></svg></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.03644em;vertical-align:-0.342em;"></span><span class="mord accentunder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.69444em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.658em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="stretchy" style="height:0.342em;min-width:0.888em;"><span class="halfarrow-left" style="height:0.342em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.342em" viewBox="0 0 400000 342" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin slice"><path d="M400000 262 | |
| H435C64 262 168.3 112.6 21 82c-5.9-1.2-18 0-18 0-2 0-3 1-3 3v38c76 158 257 219 | |
| 435 219h399565z"></path></svg></span><span class="halfarrow-right" style="height:0.342em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.342em" viewBox="0 0 400000 342" preserveAspectRatio="xMaxYMin slice"><path d="M0 262h399565c371 0 266.7-149.4 414-180 5.9-1.2 18 0 18 | |
| 0 2 0 3 1 3 3v38c-76 158-257 219-435 219H0z"></path></svg></span></span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">a</span><span class="mord mathdefault">b</span><span class="mord mathdefault">c</span><span class="mord mathdefault">d</span><span class="mord mathdefault">e</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.342em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.23088em;vertical-align:-0.342em;"></span><span class="mord accentunder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8888799999999999em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.658em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="stretchy" style="height:0.342em;min-width:0.888em;"><span class="halfarrow-left" style="height:0.342em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.342em" viewBox="0 0 400000 342" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin slice"><path d="M400000 262 | |
| H435C64 262 168.3 112.6 21 82c-5.9-1.2-18 0-18 0-2 0-3 1-3 3v38c76 158 257 219 | |
| 435 219h399565z"></path></svg></span><span class="halfarrow-right" style="height:0.342em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.342em" viewBox="0 0 400000 342" preserveAspectRatio="xMaxYMin slice"><path d="M0 262h399565c371 0 266.7-149.4 414-180 5.9-1.2 18 0 18 | |
| 0 2 0 3 1 3 3v38c-76 158-257 219-435 219H0z"></path></svg></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.19444em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">e</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.10764em;">f</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">g</span><span class="mord mathdefault">p</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.342em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.08933em;vertical-align:-0.40599999999999997em;"></span><span class="mord accentunder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.68333em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.594em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.286em;"><svg width="100%" height="0.286em" viewBox="0 0 1033 286" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M344 55.266c-142 0-300.638 81.316-311.5 86.418 | |
| -8.01 3.762-22.5 10.91-23.5 5.562L1 120c-1-2-1-3-1-4 0-5 3-9 8-10l18.4-9C160.9 | |
| 31.9 283 0 358 0c148 0 188 122 331 122s314-97 326-97c4 0 8 2 10 7l7 21.114 | |
| c1 2.14 1 3.21 1 4.28 0 5.347-3 9.626-7 10.696l-22.3 12.622C852.6 158.372 751 | |
| 181.476 676 181.476c-149 0-189-126.21-332-126.21z"></path></svg></span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">A</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.40599999999999997em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.8493299999999997em;vertical-align:-0.38em;"></span><span class="mord accentunder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.4693299999999998em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.70933em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.08933em;"></span><span style="height:0.26em;"><svg width="100%" height="0.26em" viewBox="0 0 600 260" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M200 55.538c-77 0-168 73.953-177 73.953-3 0-7 | |
| -2.175-9-5.437L2 97c-1-2-2-4-2-6 0-4 2-7 5-9l20-12C116 12 171 0 207 0c86 0 | |
| 114 68 191 68 78 0 168-68 177-68 4 0 7 2 9 5l12 19c1 2.175 2 4.35 2 6.525 0 | |
| 4.35-2 7.613-5 9.788l-19 13.05c-92 63.077-116.937 75.308-183 76.128 | |
| -68.267.847-113-73.952-191-73.952z"></path></svg></span></span><span style="top:-3.46933em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.08933em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord accentunder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.08933em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.62em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.26em;"><svg width="100%" height="0.26em" viewBox="0 0 600 260" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M200 55.538c-77 0-168 73.953-177 73.953-3 0-7 | |
| -2.175-9-5.437L2 97c-1-2-2-4-2-6 0-4 2-7 5-9l20-12C116 12 171 0 207 0c86 0 | |
| 114 68 191 68 78 0 168-68 177-68 4 0 7 2 9 5l12 19c1 2.175 2 4.35 2 6.525 0 | |
| 4.35-2 7.613-5 9.788l-19 13.05c-92 63.077-116.937 75.308-183 76.128 | |
| -68.267.847-113-73.952-191-73.952z"></path></svg></span></span><span style="top:-3.406em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord accentunder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.68333em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.594em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.286em;"><svg width="100%" height="0.286em" viewBox="0 0 1033 286" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M344 55.266c-142 0-300.638 81.316-311.5 86.418 | |
| -8.01 3.762-22.5 10.91-23.5 5.562L1 120c-1-2-1-3-1-4 0-5 3-9 8-10l18.4-9C160.9 | |
| 31.9 283 0 358 0c148 0 188 122 331 122s314-97 326-97c4 0 8 2 10 7l7 21.114 | |
| c1 2.14 1 3.21 1 4.28 0 5.347-3 9.626-7 10.696l-22.3 12.622C852.6 158.372 751 | |
| 181.476 676 181.476c-149 0-189-126.21-332-126.21z"></path></svg></span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">A</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.40599999999999997em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.38em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.38em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.36666em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.28333em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">A</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.98333em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">D</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.6833299999999998em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.3em;"><svg width="100%" height="0.3em" viewBox="0 0 2364 300" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M1181,220h2l1171,-176c6,0,10,-5,10,-11l-2,-23c-1,-6,-5,-10, | |
| -11,-10h-1l-1168,153l-1167,-153h-1c-6,0,-10,4,-11,10l-2,23c-1,6,4,11,10,11z"></path></svg></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">E</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.13889em;">F</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.98333em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.3em;"><svg width="100%" height="0.3em" viewBox="0 0 2364 360" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M1181,280h2l1171,-236c6,0,10,-5,10,-11l-2,-23c-1,-6,-5,-10, | |
| -11,-10h-1l-1168,213l-1167,-213h-1c-6,0,-10,4,-11,10l-2,23c-1,6,4,11,10,11z"></path></svg></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.28333em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.28333em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">A</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.98333em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">D</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.6833299999999998em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.3em;"><svg width="100%" height="0.3em" viewBox="0 0 2364 300" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M1181 0h2l1171 176c6 0 10 5 10 11l-2 23c-1 6-5 10 | |
| -11 10h-1L1182 67 15 220h-1c-6 0-10-4-11-10l-2-23c-1-6 4-11 10-11z"></path></svg></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">E</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.13889em;">F</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.98333em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.3em;"><svg width="100%" height="0.3em" viewBox="0 0 2364 360" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M1181 0h2l1171 236c6 0 10 5 10 11l-2 23c-1 6-5 10 | |
| -11 10h-1L1182 67 15 280h-1c-6 0-10-4-11-10l-2-23c-1-6 4-11 10-11z"></path></svg></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> | |
| </p> | |
| <hr> | |
| <p><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>E</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⇒</mo></mover><mo>−</mo><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>a</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⇀</mo></mover><mo>−</mo><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>F</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⏠</mo></mover><mo>−</mo><munder accentunder="true"><mrow><mi>a</mi><mi>b</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⏡</mo></munder><mo>−</mo><munder accentunder="true"><mrow><mi>e</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>p</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">⏡</mo></munder><mo>−</mo><munder accentunder="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">~</mo></munder><mo>−</mo><munder accentunder="true"><munder accentunder="true"><munder accentunder="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">~</mo></munder><mo stretchy="true">~</mo></munder><mo stretchy="true">~</mo></munder><mo>−</mo><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>D</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">ˇ</mo></mover><mi>E</mi><mi>F</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">ˇ</mo></mover><mo>−</mo><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>D</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">^</mo></mover><mi>E</mi><mi>F</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="true">^</mo></mover></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex"> | |
| \Overrightarrow{ABCDE} | |
| - | |
| \overrightharpoon{abcdec} | |
| - | |
| \overgroup{ABCDEF} | |
| - | |
| \undergroup{abcde} | |
| - | |
| \undergroup{efgp} | |
| - | |
| \utilde{AB} | |
| - | |
| \utilde{\utilde{\utilde{AB}}} | |
| - | |
| \widecheck{AB\widecheck{CD}EF} | |
| - | |
| \widehat{AB\widehat{CD}EF} | |
| </annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.32666em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.24333em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">A</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">D</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">E</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.6833299999999998em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="hide-tail" style="height:0.56em;min-width:0.888em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.56em" viewBox="0 0 400000 560" preserveAspectRatio="xMaxYMin slice"><path d="M399738 392l | |
| -10 10c-34 36-62.7 77-86 123-3.3 8-5 13.3-5 16 0 5.3 6.7 8 20 8 7.3 0 12.2-.5 | |
| 14.5-1.5 2.3-1 4.8-4.5 7.5-10.5 49.3-97.3 121.7-169.3 217-216 28-14 57.3-25 88 | |
| -33 6.7-2 11-3.8 13-5.5 2-1.7 3-4.2 3-7.5s-1-5.8-3-7.5c-2-1.7-6.3-3.5-13-5.5-68 | |
| -17.3-128.2-47.8-180.5-91.5-52.3-43.7-93.8-96.2-124.5-157.5-9.3-8-15.3-12.3-18 | |
| -13h-6c-12 .7-18 4-18 10 0 2 1.7 7 5 15 23.3 46 52 87 86 123l10 10H0v40h399782 | |
| c-328 0 0 0 0 0l10 8c26.7 20 65.7 43 117 69-2.7 2-6 3.7-10 5-36.7 16-72.3 37.3 | |
| -107 64l-10 8H0v40zM0 157v40h399730v-40zm0 194v40h399730v-40z"></path></svg></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.2997699999999999em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.21644em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">a</span><span class="mord mathdefault">b</span><span class="mord mathdefault">c</span><span class="mord mathdefault">d</span><span class="mord mathdefault">e</span><span class="mord mathdefault">c</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.69444em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="hide-tail" style="height:0.522em;min-width:0.888em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.522em" viewBox="0 0 400000 522" preserveAspectRatio="xMaxYMin slice"><path d="M0 241v40h399993c4.7-4.7 7-9.3 7-14 0-9.3 | |
| -3.7-15.3-11-18-92.7-56.7-159-133.7-199-231-3.3-9.3-6-14.7-8-16-2-1.3-7-2-15-2 | |
| -10.7 0-16.7 2-18 6-2 2.7-1 9.7 3 21 15.3 42 36.7 81.8 64 119.5 27.3 37.7 58 | |
| 69.2 92 94.5zm0 0v40h399900v-40z"></path></svg></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.10866em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.02533em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">A</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">D</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">E</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.13889em;">F</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.6833299999999998em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="stretchy" style="height:0.342em;min-width:0.888em;"><span class="halfarrow-left" style="height:0.342em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.342em" viewBox="0 0 400000 342" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin slice"><path d="M400000 80 | |
| H435C64 80 168.3 229.4 21 260c-5.9 1.2-18 0-18 0-2 0-3-1-3-3v-38C76 61 257 0 | |
| 435 0h399565z"></path></svg></span><span class="halfarrow-right" style="height:0.342em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.342em" viewBox="0 0 400000 342" preserveAspectRatio="xMaxYMin slice"><path d="M0 80h399565c371 0 266.7 149.4 414 180 5.9 1.2 18 0 18 0 2 0 | |
| 3-1 3-3v-38c-76-158-257-219-435-219H0z"></path></svg></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.03644em;vertical-align:-0.342em;"></span><span class="mord accentunder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.69444em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.658em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="stretchy" style="height:0.342em;min-width:0.888em;"><span class="halfarrow-left" style="height:0.342em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.342em" viewBox="0 0 400000 342" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin slice"><path d="M400000 262 | |
| H435C64 262 168.3 112.6 21 82c-5.9-1.2-18 0-18 0-2 0-3 1-3 3v38c76 158 257 219 | |
| 435 219h399565z"></path></svg></span><span class="halfarrow-right" style="height:0.342em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.342em" viewBox="0 0 400000 342" preserveAspectRatio="xMaxYMin slice"><path d="M0 262h399565c371 0 266.7-149.4 414-180 5.9-1.2 18 0 18 | |
| 0 2 0 3 1 3 3v38c-76 158-257 219-435 219H0z"></path></svg></span></span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">a</span><span class="mord mathdefault">b</span><span class="mord mathdefault">c</span><span class="mord mathdefault">d</span><span class="mord mathdefault">e</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.342em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.23088em;vertical-align:-0.342em;"></span><span class="mord accentunder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8888799999999999em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.658em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="stretchy" style="height:0.342em;min-width:0.888em;"><span class="halfarrow-left" style="height:0.342em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.342em" viewBox="0 0 400000 342" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin slice"><path d="M400000 262 | |
| H435C64 262 168.3 112.6 21 82c-5.9-1.2-18 0-18 0-2 0-3 1-3 3v38c76 158 257 219 | |
| 435 219h399565z"></path></svg></span><span class="halfarrow-right" style="height:0.342em;"><svg width="400em" height="0.342em" viewBox="0 0 400000 342" preserveAspectRatio="xMaxYMin slice"><path d="M0 262h399565c371 0 266.7-149.4 414-180 5.9-1.2 18 0 18 | |
| 0 2 0 3 1 3 3v38c-76 158-257 219-435 219H0z"></path></svg></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.19444em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">e</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.10764em;">f</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">g</span><span class="mord mathdefault">p</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.342em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.08933em;vertical-align:-0.40599999999999997em;"></span><span class="mord accentunder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.68333em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.594em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.286em;"><svg width="100%" height="0.286em" viewBox="0 0 1033 286" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M344 55.266c-142 0-300.638 81.316-311.5 86.418 | |
| -8.01 3.762-22.5 10.91-23.5 5.562L1 120c-1-2-1-3-1-4 0-5 3-9 8-10l18.4-9C160.9 | |
| 31.9 283 0 358 0c148 0 188 122 331 122s314-97 326-97c4 0 8 2 10 7l7 21.114 | |
| c1 2.14 1 3.21 1 4.28 0 5.347-3 9.626-7 10.696l-22.3 12.622C852.6 158.372 751 | |
| 181.476 676 181.476c-149 0-189-126.21-332-126.21z"></path></svg></span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">A</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.40599999999999997em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.8493299999999997em;vertical-align:-0.38em;"></span><span class="mord accentunder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.4693299999999998em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.70933em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.08933em;"></span><span style="height:0.26em;"><svg width="100%" height="0.26em" viewBox="0 0 600 260" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M200 55.538c-77 0-168 73.953-177 73.953-3 0-7 | |
| -2.175-9-5.437L2 97c-1-2-2-4-2-6 0-4 2-7 5-9l20-12C116 12 171 0 207 0c86 0 | |
| 114 68 191 68 78 0 168-68 177-68 4 0 7 2 9 5l12 19c1 2.175 2 4.35 2 6.525 0 | |
| 4.35-2 7.613-5 9.788l-19 13.05c-92 63.077-116.937 75.308-183 76.128 | |
| -68.267.847-113-73.952-191-73.952z"></path></svg></span></span><span style="top:-3.46933em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3.08933em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord accentunder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.08933em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.62em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.26em;"><svg width="100%" height="0.26em" viewBox="0 0 600 260" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M200 55.538c-77 0-168 73.953-177 73.953-3 0-7 | |
| -2.175-9-5.437L2 97c-1-2-2-4-2-6 0-4 2-7 5-9l20-12C116 12 171 0 207 0c86 0 | |
| 114 68 191 68 78 0 168-68 177-68 4 0 7 2 9 5l12 19c1 2.175 2 4.35 2 6.525 0 | |
| 4.35-2 7.613-5 9.788l-19 13.05c-92 63.077-116.937 75.308-183 76.128 | |
| -68.267.847-113-73.952-191-73.952z"></path></svg></span></span><span style="top:-3.406em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord accentunder"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.68333em;"><span class="svg-align" style="top:-2.594em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.286em;"><svg width="100%" height="0.286em" viewBox="0 0 1033 286" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M344 55.266c-142 0-300.638 81.316-311.5 86.418 | |
| -8.01 3.762-22.5 10.91-23.5 5.562L1 120c-1-2-1-3-1-4 0-5 3-9 8-10l18.4-9C160.9 | |
| 31.9 283 0 358 0c148 0 188 122 331 122s314-97 326-97c4 0 8 2 10 7l7 21.114 | |
| c1 2.14 1 3.21 1 4.28 0 5.347-3 9.626-7 10.696l-22.3 12.622C852.6 158.372 751 | |
| 181.476 676 181.476c-149 0-189-126.21-332-126.21z"></path></svg></span></span><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">A</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.40599999999999997em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.38em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.38em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.36666em;vertical-align:-0.08333em;"></span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.28333em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">A</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.98333em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">D</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.6833299999999998em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.3em;"><svg width="100%" height="0.3em" viewBox="0 0 2364 300" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M1181,220h2l1171,-176c6,0,10,-5,10,-11l-2,-23c-1,-6,-5,-10, | |
| -11,-10h-1l-1168,153l-1167,-153h-1c-6,0,-10,4,-11,10l-2,23c-1,6,4,11,10,11z"></path></svg></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">E</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.13889em;">F</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.98333em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.3em;"><svg width="100%" height="0.3em" viewBox="0 0 2364 360" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M1181,280h2l1171,-236c6,0,10,-5,10,-11l-2,-23c-1,-6,-5,-10, | |
| -11,-10h-1l-1168,213l-1167,-213h-1c-6,0,-10,4,-11,10l-2,23c-1,6,4,11,10,11z"></path></svg></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222222222222222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.28333em;vertical-align:0em;"></span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:1.28333em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault">A</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05017em;">B</span><span class="mord accent"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.98333em;"><span style="top:-3em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.07153em;">C</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.02778em;">D</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.6833299999999998em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.3em;"><svg width="100%" height="0.3em" viewBox="0 0 2364 300" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M1181 0h2l1171 176c6 0 10 5 10 11l-2 23c-1 6-5 10 | |
| -11 10h-1L1182 67 15 220h-1c-6 0-10-4-11-10l-2-23c-1-6 4-11 10-11z"></path></svg></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.05764em;">E</span><span class="mord mathdefault" style="margin-right:0.13889em;">F</span></span></span><span class="svg-align" style="top:-3.98333em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:3em;"></span><span style="height:0.3em;"><svg width="100%" height="0.3em" viewBox="0 0 2364 360" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M1181 0h2l1171 236c6 0 10 5 10 11l-2 23c-1 6-5 10 | |
| -11 10h-1L1182 67 15 280h-1c-6 0-10-4-11-10l-2-23c-1-6 4-11 10-11z"></path></svg></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> | |
| </p></body> | |
| </html> |
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