Action | Red Hat/Fedora | Debian/Ubuntu |
---|---|---|
Install a package(s) by name | yum install | apt-get install |
Remove a package(s) by name | yum remove/erase | apt-get autoremove |
Search for package(s) by searching the expression in name, description, short description. What exact fields are being searched by default varies in each tool. Mostly options bring tools on par. | yum search | apt-cache search |
Upgrade Packages - Install packages which have an older version already installed | yum update | apt-get update; apt-get upgrade |
Upgrade Packages - Another form of the update command, which can perform more complex updates -- like distribution upgrades. When the usual update command will omit package updates, which include changes in dependencies, this command can perform those updates. | yum distro-sync | apt-get dist-upgrade |
Reinstall given Package - Will reinstall the given package without dependency hassle. | yum reinstall | apt-get install --reinstall |
Installs local package file, e.g. app.rpm and uses the installation sources to resolve dependencies | yum localinstall | dpkg -i && apt-get install -f |
Updates package(s) with local packages and uses the installation sources to resolve dependencies | yum localupdate | debi |
Use some magic to fix broken dependencies in a system | package-cleanup --problems | apt-get --fix-broken |
aptitude install | ||
Only downloads the given package(s) without unpacking or installing them | yumdownloader (found in yum-utils package) | apt-get install --download-only (into the package cache) |
apt-get download (bypass the package cache) | ||
Remove dependencies that are no longer needed, because e.g. the package which needed the dependencies was removed. | yum autoremove | apt-get autoremove |
Downloads the corresponding source package(s) to the given package name(s) | yumdownloader --source | apt-get source / debcheckout |
Remove packages no longer included in any repositories. | package-cleanup --orphans | aptitude purge '~o' |
Install/Remove packages to satisfy build-dependencies. Uses information in the source package. | yum-builddep | apt-get build-dep |
Add a package lock rule to keep its current state from being changed | yum.conf <--”exclude” option (add/amend) | apt-mark hold pkg |
Delete a package lock rule | yum.conf <--”exclude” option (remove/amend) | apt-mark unhold pkg |
Show a listing of all lock rules | yum.conf (research needed) | /etc/apt/preferences |
Add a checkpoint to the package system for later rollback | (unnecessary, done on every transaction) | |
Remove a checkpoint from the system | N/A | |
Provide a list of all system checkpoints | yum history list | |
Rolls entire packages back to a certain date or checkpoint. | yum history rollback | |
Undo a single specified transaction. | yum history undo | |
Mark a package previously installed as a dependency as explicitly required. | apt-mark manual | |
Install package(s) as dependency / without marking as explicitly required. | aptitude install 'pkg&M' | |
Package information management | ||
Get a dump of the whole system information - Prints, Saves or similar the current state of the package management system. Preferred output is text or XML. (Note: Why either-or here? No tool offers the option to choose the output format.) | (see /var/lib/rpm/Packages) | apt-cache stats |
Show all or most information about a package. The tools' verbosity for the default command vary. But with options, the tools are on par with each other. | yum list or info | apt-cache show / apt-cache policy |
Search for package(s) by searching the expression in name, description, short description. What exact fields are being searched by default varies in each tool. Mostly options bring tools on par. | yum search | apt-cache search |
Display changelogs | yum changelog (found in yum-plugin-changelog package) | apt-get changelog |
e-mail delivery of package changes | apt-get install apt-listchanges | |
Lists packages which have an update available. Note: Some provide special commands to limit the output to certain installation sources, others use options. | yum list updates yum check-update | apt-get upgrade -> n |
Display a list of all packages in all installation sources that are handled by the packages management. Some tools provide options or additional commands to limit the output to a specific installation source. | yum list available | apt-cache dumpavail apt-cache dump (Cache only) apt-cache pkgnames |
Displays packages which provide the given exp. aka reverse provides. Mainly a shortcut to search a specific field. Other tools might offer this functionality through the search command. | yum provides / yum whatprovides | apt-file search <filename> |
Display packages which require X to be installed, aka show reverse/ dependencies. | yum resolvedep | apt-cache rdepends / aptitude search ~Dpattern |
Display packages which conflict with given expression (often package). Search can be used as well to mimic this function. | repoquery --whatconflicts | aptitude search '~Cpattern' |
List all packages which are required for the given package, aka show dependencies. | yum deplist | apt-cache depends / apt-cache show |
List what the current package provides | yum provides | dpkg -s / aptitude show |
List the files that the package holds. Again, this functionality can be mimicked by other more complex commands. | repoquery -l $pkgname | dpkg-query -L $pkgname |
List all packages that require a particular package | repoquery --whatrequires [--recursive] | aptitude search ~D{depends,recommends,suggests}:pattern / aptitude why pkg |
Search all packages to find the one which holds the specified file. auto-apt is using this functionality. | yum provides / yum whatprovides | apt-file search |
Display all packages that the specified packages obsoletes. | yum list obsoletes | apt-cache show |
Verify dependencies of the complete system. Used if installation process was forcefully killed. | yum deplist | apt-get check |
Generates a list of installed packages | yum list installed | dpkg --list | grep ^i |
List packages that are installed but are not available in any installation source (anymore). | yum list extras | deborphan |
List packages that were recently added to one of the installation sources, i.e. which are new to it. | yum list recent | aptitude search '~N' / aptitude forget-new |
Show a log of actions taken by the software management. | yum history cat /var/log/yum.log | cat /var/log/dpkg.log |
Clean up all local caches. Options might limit what is actually cleaned. Autoclean removes only unneeded, obsolete information. | yum clean all | apt-get clean / apt-get autoclean / aptitude clean |
Add a local package to the local package cache mostly for debugging purposes. | apt-cache add | |
Display the source package to the given package name(s) | repoquery -s | apt-cache showsrc |
Generates an output suitable for processing with dotty for the given package(s). | apt-cache dotty | |
Set the priority of the given package to avoid upgrade, force downgrade or to overwrite any default behavior. Can also be used to prefer a package version from a certain installation source. | yum-plugin-priorities and yum-plugin-protect-packages | /etc/apt/preferences, apt-cache policy |
Remove a previously set priority | /etc/apt/preferences | |
Show a list of set priorities. | apt-cache policy /etc/apt/preferences | |
Ignores problems that priorities may trigger. | ||
Installation sources management | ${EDITOR} /etc/yum.repos.d/${REPO}.repo | ${EDITOR} /etc/apt/sources.list |
Add an installation source to the system. Some tools provide additional commands for certain sources, others allow all types of source URI for the add command. Again others, like apt and yum force editing a sources list. apt-cdrom is a special command, which offers special options design for CDs/DVDs as source. | ${EDITOR} /etc/yum.repos.d/${REPO}.repo | apt-cdrom add |
Refresh the information about the specified installation source(s) or all installation sources. | yum clean expire-cache && yum check-update | apt-get update |
Prints a list of all installation sources including important information like URI, alias etc. | cat /etc/yum.repos.d/* | apt-cache policy |
Disable an installation source for an operation | yum --disablerepo=${REPO} | |
Download packages from a different version of the distribution than the one installed. | yum --releasever=${VERSION} | apt-get install -t release package/ apt-get install package/release (deps not covered) |
Other commands | ||
Start a shell to enter multiple commands in one session | yum shell | apt-config shell |
Package Verification | ||
Single package | rpm -V <package> | debsums |
All packages | rpm -Va | debsums |
Package Querying | ||
List installed local packages along with version | rpm -qa | dpkg -l |
Display local package information: Name, version, description, etc. | rpm -qi | dpkg -s / aptitude show |
Display remote package information: Name, version, description, etc. | yum info | apt-cache show / aptitude show |
Display files provided by local package | rpm -ql | dpkg -L |
Display files provided by a remote package | repoquery -l | apt-file list pattern |
Query the package which provides FILE | rpm -qf (installed only) or yum whatprovides (everything) | dpkg -S / dlocate |
Query a package supplied on the command line rather than an entry in the package management database | rpm -qp | dpkg -I |
Show the changelog of a package | rpm -q --changelog | apt-get changelog |
Search locally installed package for names or descriptions | rpm -qa '<str>' | aptitude search '~i(~n name|~d description)' |
List packages not required by any other package | package-cleanup --all --leaves | deborphan -anp1 |
Building Packages | ||
Build a package | rpmbuild -ba (normal) | debuild |
mock (in chroot) | ||
Check for possible packaging issues | rpmlint | lintian |
List the contents of a package file | rpmls rpm -qpl | dpkg -c |
Extract a package | rpm2cpio | cpio -vid | dpkg-deb -x |
Query a package supplied on the command line rather than an entry in the package management database | rpm -qp | dpkg -I |
Reformatted from https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?title=Pacman/Rosetta&oldid=404154
nice gist, thanks!
Unfortunately,
apt-config shell
doesn’t “start a shell to enter multiple commands in one session” it “is used to access the configuration information from a shell script”.I would love to have an apt equivalent of
yum shell
without having to write it :)