OOP Principles Example in Dart with Pokemon Context

gistfile1.txt

// OOP Principles Example in Dart with Pokemon Context

// 1. Classes and Objects
abstract class Pokemon {
  String name;
  int level;

  Pokemon(this.name, this.level);

  // 3. Abstraction (Abstract method representing a move)
  void performMove();

  void attack() {
    print("$name attacks!");
    performMove();
  }
}

// 2. Inheritance
class ElectricPokemon extends Pokemon {
  ElectricPokemon(String name, int level) : super(name, level);

  @override
  void performMove() {
    print("$name uses an electric attack!");
  }
}

class FirePokemon extends Pokemon {
  FirePokemon(String name, int level) : super(name, level);

  @override
  void performMove() {
    print("$name breathes fire!");
  }
}

// 4. Polymorphism
void pokemonInfo(Pokemon pokemon) {
  pokemon.attack();
}

// 5. Encapsulation
class PokemonTrainer {
  List<Pokemon> party = [];

  void addPokemon(Pokemon pokemon) {
    party.add(pokemon);
  }

  void pokemonBattles() {
    for (var pokemon in party) {
      pokemon.attack();
    }
  }
}

void main() {
  // Creating Pokemon
  var pikachu = ElectricPokemon("Pikachu", 15);
  var charizard = FirePokemon("Charizard", 30);

  // Polymorphism
  pokemonInfo(pikachu); // Outputs: Pikachu attacks! Pikachu uses an electric attack!
  pokemonInfo(charizard); // Outputs: Charizard attacks! Charizard breathes fire!

  // Encapsulation
  var ash = PokemonTrainer();
  ash.addPokemon(pikachu);
  ash.addPokemon(charizard);
  ash.pokemonBattles();
  // Outputs:
  // Pikachu attacks! Pikachu uses an electric attack!
  // Charizard attacks! Charizard breathes fire!
}