This is a Cheat Sheet for interacting with the Mongo Shell ( mongo on your command line). This is for MongoDB Community Edition.
Mongo Manual can help you with getting started using the Shell.
FAQ for MongoDB Fundamentals and other FAQs can be found in the side-bar after visiting that link.
The Mongo Shell reference can be found here.
Anything that looks like db.<something>() will be found in Database Methods.
Anything that looks like db.collection.<something> will be found in Collection Methods.
Use db.help() to get a list of all database commands. ( Note that it's pretty long.)
Anything in < > should be replaced with your unique values. IE: You want to have a database called Cars so you would use the command use <db> but you would type it as use Cars.
This table will list the commands most commonly used when working with the database as a whole.
| Type | Command | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Create/Connect | use <db> |
Connects to a specific database. If none exists then one will automatically be created with that name. Doc |
| List All | show dbs |
Lists all Databases. DBs with no data are not shown. Doc |
| List Current | db.getName() |
Lists the name of the currently selected databasse. Doc |
| Return | db |
Returns the currently seleceted Database. Allows you to use methods and chain commands. IE db.createCollection('test'). Doc |
| Drop | db.dropDatabase() |
Drops the currently selected Database. Doc |
| Stats | db.stats() |
Lists the stats about the current Database. Doc |
This Table lists the commands most commonly used when working with collections as a whole.
| Type | Command | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Create | db.createCollection('<collection>) |
Creates a new empty collection in the database. Doc |
| List | db.getCollectionNames() |
Lists all collections for a current Database. Doc |
| Return | db.getCollection('<collection>') |
Returns a collection. Can chain methods onto it. IE db.getCollection.('authors').find({}). Doc |
| Return/Create | db.<collection> |
Similar to db.getCollection(), but if the collection doesn't exist, then the collection will be return, but not added unless data is also added to that collection at the same time. IE: db.items does not add a collection to the database, but db.items.insertOne({name: 'Mike'}) would, because data is also being added to the collection. Use db.createCollection() to add an empty collection. Doc |
| Drop | db.<collection>.drop() |
Drops the collection from the database. Doc |
| Rename | db.<cllectn>.renameCollection('collection') |
Renames a collection. Doc |
This section is broken down into 5 sub-sections. The first 4 match the CRUD Verbs of Create, Read, Update, Delete, and the last one is a list of Combos like findAndUpdate. Check here for the Mongo Docs on Crud
Couple notes here:
- All of these commands start with
db.<collection>where<collection>is the name of the collection you want to call these methods on. Any exceptions will be noted in the description.** {query}Is referring to queries like{<field>: '<value>', <field>:'<value>', etc). IE:{ book: 'Golden River Doth Flows', author: 'I.P. Freely', etc}. They are field-value pairs that are used to make documents, and also used during searches, aka queries.
| Type | Command | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Create One | .insertOne({<doc>}) |
Inserts a document into the collection. IE: db.cars.insertOne({make:"ford"}). Doc |
| Create One/Many | .insert([{<doc>},{<doc>},{<doc>}] ) |
Inserts One or more documents into the collection. If an array is passed in it will make a record of each document in the array. Otherwise it will accept a single document. Doc |
Most of these commands allow methods to be chained onto them.
| Type | Command | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Count | .count() |
Returns the number of items in the collection. Doc |
| Return All | .find({}) |
Returns an array of all items in a collection. .find() Must be passed {} in order to return all documents. Doc |
| Return All Filtered | .find({query}) |
Returns an array of items in a collection that match the query passed into .find(). See Query and Project Operators for extra info on querys. Doc |
| Return One Filtered | .findOne({query}) |
Returns a document (not an array) of the first item found, filtering based off what was passed into .findOne(). Useful when searching by unique fields like _id, IE db.cars.findOne({_id: 1}). Doc |
| Type | Command | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Update/Replace | .update({query}, { $set: {query} }, options) |
The first argument is used as the query to find the document. The second argument specifies which field which to update. Exclude $set: and the entire document will be Replaced. Common options: upsert: <boolean> to keep it unique, and multi: <boolean> will update multiple documents if set to true. Docs and Field Operator Docs |
| Update One/Many | .updateOne() and .updateMany() |
Basically the same as the above function, except the multi: <boolean> option is basically defaulted to false and true, and isnt' an allowed option that can be passed in. One Doc, Many Doc |
| Type | Command | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Delete One | .deleteOne({query}) |
Deletes the first document that matches the query. Recommend to search by _id or another unique field. Doc |
| Delete Many/All | .deleteMany({query}) |
Deletes all records that match the query. Leave the query blank to delete all documents. Doc |
These are some combo commands that really just do the same thing as their base commands, but have a couple extra options.
All of these can leave their {query} blank and it will find the first document and execute it's verb on that item.
| Command | Desctiption |
|---|---|
.findOneAndDelete({query}) |
Finds the first document that matches the query and deletes it. [Doc] https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/method/db.collection.findOneAndDelete/#db.collection.findOneAndDelete |
.findOneAndUpdate({query}, {<update>}, {<options>}) |
Finds the first document that matches the query in the first argument, and updates it using the second arguments. Has optional options as well. Doc |
.findOneAndReplace({query}, {<replacement>}, {<options>}) |
Finds and replaces the document that matches the query. <replacement> cannot use update operators. Doc |
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