Check the plugin is exist or not in layout builder

test.php

<?php

$display = \Drupal::entityTypeManager()
	->getStorage('entity_view_display')
	->load($param->getEntityTypeId() . '.' . $param->bundle() . '.default');
if ($display && $display->isLayoutBuilderEnabled()) {
	foreach($display->getSections() as $section) {
		$result = (bool) array_filter(
			$section->getComponents(),
			function (SectionComponent $component) use ($plugin_id) {
				return $component->getPluginId() === $plugin_id;
			}
		);

		if ($result) {
		 return TRUE;
		}
	}
}