GameDevelopment_Foundations.txt

//Copyright © 2010 - 2021 Manoj M J
//All Rights Reserved

[Game Development]
[Foundations]

[TOC]
Introduction
Platforms
Programming
Mathematics
Computer Graphics
Multimedia
Computational Geometry
Game Physics
Artificial Intelligence
Multiplayer Game Programming
Game Programming
Game Engine Programming
Digital Content Creation Tools
Game Design
References


Introduction
	The spirit
	Milestones in the history of game development
	Genres
		Action
		Adventure
		Strategy
		Sports
		Simulation
	Text based games
	Sound based games
	2D games
	3D games
	2.5D games
	Console games
	PC games
	Mobile games
	Browser games
	Multiplayer LAN games
	Online games
	Multiplayer Online games
	Augumented reality games
	Virtual reality games

Platforms
	Computer Organization and Architecture
	Graphics Hardware
	I/O Devices
	Operating Systems
	Application Programming Interfaces
	Tools
	Libraries
	Frameworks
	Software Development Kits
	The Graphics Stack
		Windowing System
		SceneGraph API
		Low level Graphics API
		Graphics Driver
		Graphics Processing Unit
	PCs
	Consoles
	Mobiles

Programming
	Machine Code
	Assembly Language
	Low Level Languages
	High Level Languages
	Paradigms
		Declarative
		Functional
		Imperative
		Procedural 
		Object Oriented
		Generic
		Logic
		Concurrent
	Structured Programming
		Sequence
		Selection
		Iteration
	Functions
		Argument Passing
			Call by value
			Call by reference
		Recursive Calls
	Object Oriented Programming
		Encapsulation
		Information hiding
		Data abstraction
		Abstract Data Type
		Inheritance
			C++ Virtual base classes
		Polymorphism
			C++ Virtual functions and Function overriding
			C++ Function overloading
			C++ Operator overloading
	Runtime type identification
			C++ RTTI
	Genericity
		C++ Templates
		C++ Template meta programming
	Concurrency
		Threads
		Tasks
		Synchronization
	Parallelism
	Persistance
		Serialization of objects
	Remote Procedure Call
	Garbage collection
	Smart Pointers
	Data structures and Algorithms
		Arrays
		Linked Lists
		Stacks
		Queues
		Sets and Multisets
		Trees
			Binary Trees
			Binary Search Trees
			Balancing Trees
			Multiway Trees
		Maps and Dictionaries
			Hashmap
			Red-Black Tree
		Heaps
			Priority Queue
		Tries
		Graphs
			Searching
			Shortest paths
		Algorithm Analysis
			Time and Space Complexity
		Algorithm Design Strategies
			Divide and Conquer
			Greedy Method
			Dynamic Programming
			Backtracking
			Branch and Bound
			Randomized Algorithms
		Well known algorithms
			Sorting
			Searching
			Graph Algorithms
		Standard Template Library
	Object Oriented Design
		Universal Modelling Language
		Design Patterns
		Best Practices
	Efficiency
		Assembly code
		Optimization
	Tools
		Compilers
		Build Scripts
		Text Editors
		IDEs
		Version Control Systems
	Libraries
		Statically linked
		Dynamically linked
	Toolkits
	Frameworks
	Engines
	SDKs

Mathematics	
	Algebra
		Solution of Equations
	Trigonometry
	Cartesian Geometry
	Calculus
		Differentiation
		Intergration
		Partial Differentiation
		Solving ODE
		Solving PDE
		Multiple Integrals
		Vector Calculus
	Linear Algebra
		Vectors
		Matrices
	Rays and Lines
	Planes
	Curves and Surfaces
	Homogenous coordinates
	Transformations
		Modelling Transformations
			Translation
			Rotation
			Scaling
			Reflection
			Shearing
		View Transformation
		Transforming Normals
		Projection
			Parallel Projection
			Perspective Projection
		Viewport Transformation
		Concatenation of transformations
	Picking in 3D
	Texturing
	Lighting and Shading
	Complex Numbers
	Quaternions
	Tensors
	Jacobians
	Numerical Methods
		Error Approximation
		Interpolation
		Curve Fitting
		Numerical differentiation and integration
		Random Number generation
	IEEE floating point representation and rounding error

Computer Graphics
	Window
	Pixel and Framebuffer
	Double buffering
	2D Graphics Primitives 
		Point
		Line
		Rectangle
		Polygon
		Circle
		Ellipse
		Curve
		Text
		Image
		Fractal
	2D Transformations
	2D Viewing
	2D Clipping
	Alpha
	Transparency
	Compositing
	Filling
	Stroking
	Antialiasing
	Gamma Correction
	Transitions
	Tiling
	Sprites
	Layering
	Scrolling
	2D Particle Effects
	Triangular mesh
	Vertices, Indices, Normals and Texture coordinates
	Curved Surfaces
	Materials
	Textures
	Rendering Pipeline 
	Tesselation and Geometry Shaders
	Vertex and Fragment Shaders
	Modeling Transformations
	Viewing Transformation
	Lighting
		Different types of lights
		Lighting models
	Projection Transformations
	Clipping
	Perspective division
	Backface culling
	Viewport Transformation
	Rasterization
	Texture Sampling
	Per Fragment operations
		Stenciling
		Depth test
		Blending
	Anti aliasing
	Gamma correction
	Ray tracing
	Special Effects
		Skybox
		Fog
		Transparency
		Motion Blur
		Reflection and Refraction
		Shadows
		Toon shading
	Animation
		Frame animation and Character animation
		Morphing
		Skinning
		Animation Blending
		Forward and Inverse Kinematics
	Rendering Optimizations
		View Frustum Culling
		Space partitioning
			Quadtree
			Octree
			BSP tree
			Portals
		Occlusion Culling
		Level Of Detail Selection
		Light mapping
	Immediate mode Graphics APIs
		OpenGL 
		DirectX
		Vulkan

Multimedia
	Compression
	Filtering
	Text
		Fonts
			Raster and Vector
		Alignment
		Zooming
		Clipping
	Image
		Image processing
		Computer vision
	Audio
		3D Sound
		Sound effects
	Video
	Anti Aliasing

Computational Geometry
	Primitives
	Intersection Tests
	Collision Detection
		Narrow phase
		Broad phase

Game Physics
	Mechanics, Statics, Dynamics, Kinematics and Kinetics
	Force
	Laws of Motion
	Physics Simulation
	Euler Integration
	Verlet Integration
	Projectiles
	Particle Systems
	Rigidbody
	Springs and Dampers
	Contacts, Joints and Constraints
	Cloth Simulation
	Vehicle Dynamics
	Fluid Dynamics
	Physics Engines

Artificial Intelligence
	Mini Max Search
	State Machines
	Behavior Trees
	Steering Behaviors
	Path Finding Algorithms
		A*
		Navigation Mesh
	Neural Networks
	Fuzzy Logic
	Genetic Programming
	Machine Learning

Multiplayer Game Programming
	Data Communication
	Computer Networks
	Client Server Computing
	Socket Programming
		TCP/IP
		UDP
	Web technologies
	Encryption
	Database Management Systems
	Multiplayer Games on LANs
	Multiplayer Games on Internet
	Massively Multiplayer Online Games Architecture

Game Programming
	Game Main Loop
	Multithreading
	GameObject
	Scene Graph System

Game Engine Programming ( Architecture, Design, Programming)
	Performance measurement: Frames per second and other statistics
	Camera Systems
		First Person Camera
		Third Person Camera
		Animating Camera through a path

Digital Content Creation Tools
	Features of a Text Editor Package
	Features of a Font Editor Package
	Features of a Vector Paint Package
		Output primitives
			Lines
			Rectangles
			Circles / Elipses
			Splines
	Features of an Image Editor Package
	Common tasks in 2D game art creation
	Creating Textures
		Creating Backgrounds
		Creating Tiles
		Creating Sprites
		Creating Icons
		Creating User Interfaces
		Creating Texture maps
	Features of a Sprite Animation Builder Package
	Features of a Modelling, Rendering and Animation Package
	Common tasks in 3D game art creation
		Creating  Models
		Animating Models
		Rendering Models
	Features of a Game Level Editor Package
	Common tasks in Game Level creation
	Features of a Sound Editor Package
	Features of a Video Editor Package

Game Design
	Psychology of the audience

References