test_throw.cc

// Does std::logic_error copy the string
// or takes a reference?
//
// The C++ specifications are deliberately vague
//
// With MSVC, try compiling this with 1 and with 0
// You will be very surprised
//
#define _HAS_EXCEPTIONS 1
#include <stdexcept>
#include <string>

int main() {
  std::string msg{"Message"};
  printf("msg %p\n", msg.c_str());
  std::logic_error err{msg};
  printf("err %p\n", err.what());
}

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10644910/does-stdruntime-error-copy-the-string-passed-in-the-constructor?__cf_chl_tk=XholeIXP.sUy1O3uf5mRdb1KPDOmKeAC92zxfSAPVZQ-1718656505-0.0.1.1-5332

MSVC carries two different std::exception implementations. The macro _HAS_EXCEPTIONS selects the one to be used. This is a horrible pitfall when linking code compiled with and without it, since sizeof(std::exception) won't be the same.

The full one:

%VCToolsInstallDir%\include\vcruntime_exception.h

The light one:

%VCToolsInstallDir%\include\exception