mohapatras/varietals.json

## varietals.json
[{
	"name": "Albariño",
	"species": "Vitis vinifera 'Alvarinho'",
	"description": "Albariño or Alvarinho is a variety of white wine grape grown in Galicia (northwest Spain), Monção and Melgaço (northwest Portugal), where it is used to make varietal white wines. Albariño is the Galician name for the grape. In Portugal it is known as Alvarinho, and sometimes as Cainho Branco.It was presumably brought to Iberia by Cluny monks in the twelfth century[citation needed]. Its name 'Alba-Riño' means 'the white from the Rhine' and it has locally been thought to be a Riesling clone originating from the Alsace region of France, although earliest known records of Riesling as a grape variety date from the 15th, rather than the 12th, century. It is also theorized that the grape is a close relative of the French grape Petit Manseng.It should not be confused with the Alvarinho Liláz grape of Madeira.",
	"thumbnail": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/albarino.png",
	"image": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/albarino.png"
}, {
	"name": "Aligoté",
	"species": "Vitis vinifera 'Aligote'",
	"description": "Aligoté is a white grape used to make dry white wines in the Burgundy region of France, which is also cultivated in Eastern Europe countries such as Romania, Russia, Ukraine, Moldova and Bulgaria. With 45,000 hectares (110,000 acres), it was the 22nd most planted vine variety in the world in 2004. The wine was first recorded in Burgundy in the 18th century.",
	"thumbnail": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/aligote.png",
	"image": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/aligote.png"
}, {
	"name": "Arneis",
	"species": "Vitis vinifera 'Arneis",
	"description": "Arneis is a white Italian wine grape variety originating from Piedmont, Italy. It is most commonly found in the hills of the Roero, northwest of Alba, where it is part of the white Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita (DOCG) wines of Roero. It can also be used to produce DOC wines in Langhe.Arneis (literally: little rascal, in Piemontese) is so called because it is regarded as a somewhat difficult variety to grow. It is a crisp and floral varietal, and has been grown for centuries in the region. The white wines made from the Arneis grape tend to be dry and full body with notes of pears and apricots.",
	"image": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/arneis.png",
	"thumbnail": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/arneis.png"
}, {
	"name": "Asti Spumante",
	"species": " Moscato di Canelli",
	"description": "Asti (also known as Asti Spumante)is a sparkling white Italian wine that is produced throughout southeastern Piedmont but is particularly focused around the towns of Asti and Alba. Since 1993 the wine has been classified as a Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita (DOCG) and as of 2004 was Italy's largest producing appellation.In fact, on an average vintage more than ten times as much Asti is produced in Piedmont than the more well-known Piedmontese red wine Barolo.Made from the Moscato Bianco grape, it is sweet and low in alcohol, and often served with dessert. Unlike Champagne, Asti is not made sparkling through the use of secondary fermentation in the bottle but rather through a single tank fermentation utilizing the Charmat method. It retains its sweetness through a complex filtration process.Another wine called Moscato d'Asti is made in the same region from the same grape, but is only slightly sparkling (frizzante) and tends to have even lower alcohol.On 22 June 2014, Asti Spumante, along with Canelli was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.",
	"image": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/astisupmante.png",
	"thumbnail": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/astisupmante.png"
}, {
	"name": "Beaujolais",
	"species": "Gamay Grape",
	"description": "Beaujolais is a French Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée (AOC) wine generally made of the Gamay grape which has a thin skin and is low in tannins. Like most AOC wines they are not labeled varietally. Whites from the region, which make up only 1% of its production, are made mostly with Chardonnay grapes though Aligoté is also permitted until 2024 (on condition the vines were planted before 2004). Beaujolais tends to be a very light-bodied red wine, with relatively high amounts of acidity. In some vintages, Beaujolais produces more wine than the Burgundy wine regions of Chablis, Côte d'Or, Côte Chalonnaise and Mâconnais put together.The wine takes its name from the historical Province of Beaujolais, a wine producing region. It is located north of Lyon, and covers parts of the north of the Rhône département of the Rhône-Alpes region and southern areas of the Saône-et-Loire département of Burgundy. While administratively considered part of the Burgundy wine region, the climate is closer to the Rhône and the wine is sufficiently individual in character to be considered separately from Burgundy and Rhône. The region is known internationally for its long tradition of winemaking, for the use of carbonic maceration, and more recently for the popular Beaujolais nouveau.",
	"image": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/beaujolais.png",
	"thumbnail": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/beaujolais.png"
}, {
	"name": "Boal",
	"species": "Bual",
	"description": "Boal is a name given to several varieties of grape cultivated in Portugal, notably in the production of medium-rich fortified wines from Madeira Island. On many wine labels of Madeira wine, the variety's name is anglicized as Bual. Madeira from Bual is typically less sweet than that from Malmsey, but more sweet than Sercial or Verdelho.The vines are also common in Portugal and Spain, where the fruit is used in the same way for fortified wines.",
	"image": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/boal.png",
	"thumbnail": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/boal.png"
}, {
	"name": "Carignan",
	"species": "Vitis vinifera 'Carignan'",
	"description": "Carignan (also known as Mazuelo, Bovale Grande, Cariñena, Samsó, and Carignane) is a red Spanish/French wine grape variety that is widely planted throughout the western Mediterranean and around the globe. Along with Aramon, it was once considered one of the main grapes responsible for France's wine lake and was a substantial producer in jug wine production in California's Central Valley.The popularity of Carignan was largely tied to its ability to produce very large yields in the range of 200 hl/ha (11 tons/acre). The vine does face significant viticultural hazards with significant sensitivity to several viticultural hazards including rot, powdery mildew, downy mildew, and grape worms. Carignan is a late budding and ripening grape which requires a warm climate in order to achieve full physiological ripeness.The vine also develops very thick stalk around the grape clusters which makes mechanical harvesting difficult. It has an upright growth habit and can be grown without a trellis.",
	"image": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/carignan.png",
	"thumbnail": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/carignan.png"
}, {
	"name": "Champagne",
	"species": "Common Grape Vine",
	"description": "Champagne is a sparkling wine produced from the Champagne region grape grown in France following rules that demand, among other things, secondary fermentation of the wine in the bottle to create carbonation, specific vineyard practices, sourcing of grapes exclusively from specific parcels in the Champagne appellation and specific pressing regimes unique to the region. Some use the term Champagne as a generic term for sparkling wine,but in most countries, it is illegal to officially label any product Champagne unless it both comes from the Champagne region and is produced under the rules of the appellation. A glass of Champagne exhibiting the characteristic bubbles associated with the wine.The primary grapes used in the production of Champagne are black Pinot noir and Pinot Meunier but also white Chardonnay. Champagne appellation law only allows grapes grown according to appellation rules in specifically designated plots within the appellation to be used in the production of Champagne.Royalty became associated with Champagne in the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries. The leading manufacturers made efforts to associate their Champagnes with nobility and royalty through advertising and packaging, which led to popularity among the emerging middle class.",
	"image": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/champagne.png",
	"thumbnail": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/champagne.png"
}, {
	"name": "Chardonnay",
	"species": " Green-skinned grape variety",
	"description": "Chardonnay is a green-skinned grape variety used to make white wine. It originated in the Burgundy wine region of eastern France, but is now grown wherever wine is produced, from England to New Zealand. For new and developing wine regions, growing Chardonnay is seen as a rite of passage and an easy entry into the international wine market.The Chardonnay grape itself is very neutral, with many of the flavors commonly associated with the grape being derived from such influences as terroir and oak.It is vinified in many different styles, from the lean, crisply mineral wines of Chablis, France, to New World wines with oak, and tropical fruit flavors. In cool climates (such as Chablis and the Carneros AVA of California), Chardonnay tends to be medium to light body with noticeable acidity and flavors of green plum, apple, and pear. In warmer locations (such as the Adelaide Hills and Mornington Peninsula in Australia and Gisborne and Marlborough region of New Zealand), the flavors become more citrus, peach, and melon, while in very warm locations (such as the Central Coast AVA of California), more fig and tropical fruit notes such as banana and mango come out. Wines that have gone through malolactic fermentation tend to have softer acidity and fruit flavors with buttery mouthfeel and hazelnut notes.",
	"image": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/chardonnay.png",
	"thumbnail": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/chardonnay.png"
}, {
	"name": "Chenin blanc",
	"species": "Vitis vinifera 'Chenin Blanc'",
	"description": "Chenin blanc is a white wine grape variety from the Loire valley of France. Its high acidity means it can be used to make everything from sparkling wines to well-balanced dessert wines, although it can produce very bland, neutral wines if the vine's natural vigor is not controlled. Outside the Loire it is found in most of the New World wine regions; it is the most widely planted variety in South Africa, where it is also known as Steen. The grape may have been one of the first to be grown in South Africa by Jan van Riebeeck in 1655, or it may have come to that country with Huguenots fleeing France after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685. Chenin blanc was often misidentified in Australia as well, so tracing its early history in the country is not easy. It may have been introduced in James Busby's collection of 1832, but C. Waterhouse was growing Steen at Highercombe in Houghton, South Australia by 1862.It provides a fairly neutral palate for the expression of terroir,vintage variation and the winemaker 's treatment. In cool areas the juice is sweet but high in acid with a full-bodied fruity palate. In the unreliable summers of northern France, the acidity of under ripened grapes was often masked with chaptalization with unsatisfactory results, whereas now the less ripe grapes are made into popular sparkling wines such as Crémant de Loire. The white wines of the Anjou AOC are perhaps the best expression of Chenin as a dry wine, with flavors of quince and apples. In nearby Vouvray AOC they aim for an off-dry style, developing honey and floral characteristics with age. In the best vintages the grapes can be left on the vines to develop noble rot, producing an intense, viscous dessert wine which may improve considerably with age.",
	"image": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/cheninblanc.png",
	"thumbnail": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/cheninblanc.png"
}, {
	"name": "Gamay",
	"species": "Vitis vinifera subsp vinifera 'Gamay'",
	"description": "Gamay is a purple-colored grape variety used to make red wines, most notably grown in Beaujolais and in the Loire Valley around Tours.Its full name is Gamay Noir à Jus Blanc. It is a very old cultivar, mentioned as long ago as the 15th century. It has been often cultivated because it makes for abundant production; however, it can produce wines of distinction when planted on acidic soils, which help to soften the grape's naturally high acidity.",
	"image": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/gamay.png",
	"thumbnail": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/gamay.png"
}, {
	"name": "Lambrusco",
	"species": " Vitis vinifera 'Lambrusco'",
	"description": "Lambrusco is the name of both a red wine grape and an Italian wine made principally from the grape. The grapes and the wine originate from four zones in Emilia-Romagna and one in Lombardy, principally around the central provinces of Modena, Parma, Reggio nell'Emilia, and Mantua. The grape has a long winemaking history with archaeological evidence indicating that the Etruscans cultivated the vine.In Roman times, the Lambrusco was highly valued for its productivity and high yields with Cato the Elder stating that produce of two thirds of an acre could make enough wine to fill 300 amphoras. The most highly rated of its wines are the frothy, frizzante (slightly sparkling) red wines that are designed to be drunk young from one of the eight Lambrusco denominazione di origine controllata (DOC) regions: Colli di Parma Lambrusco, Lambrusco Grasparossa di Castelvetro, Lambrusco di Sorbara, Lambrusco Salamino di Santa Croce, Reggiano Lambrusco, Colli di Scandiano e Canossa Lambrusco, Modena Lambrusco, and Lambrusco Mantovano. Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, sweet Lambrusco was the biggest selling import wine in the United States. During that time the wine was also produced in a white and rosé style made by limiting the skin contact with the must.",
	"image": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/lambrusco.png",
	"thumbnail": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/lambrusco.png"
}, {
	"name": "Grenache",
	"species": "Vitis vinifera 'Grenache'",
	"description": "Grenache or Garnacha is one of the most widely planted red wine grape varieties in the world.It ripens late, so it needs hot, dry conditions such as those found in Spain, where the grape most likely originated. It is also grown in Sardinia, the south of France, Australia, and California's San Joaquin Valley. It is generally spicy, berry-flavored and soft on the palate and produces wine with a relatively high alcohol content, but it needs careful control of yields for best results. Characteristic flavor profiles on Grenache include red fruit flavors (raspberry and strawberry) with a subtle, white pepper spice note. Grenache wines are highly prone to oxidation with even young examples having the potential to show browning coloration that can be noticed around the rim when evaluating the wine at an angle in the glass. As Grenache ages the wines tend to take on more leather and tar flavors. Wines made from Grenache tend to lack acid, tannin and color, and it is often blended with other varieties such as Syrah, Carignan, Tempranillo and Cinsaut.",
	"image": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/grenache.png",
	"thumbnail": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/grenache.png"
}, {
	"name": "Merlot",
	"species": "Common Grape Vine",
	"description": "Merlot is a dark blue-colored wine grape variety, that is used as both a blending grape and for varietal wines. The name Merlot is thought to be a diminutive of merle, the French name for the blackbird, probably a reference to the color of the grape. Its softness and fleshiness, combined with its earlier ripening, makes Merlot a popular grape for blending with the sterner, later-ripening Cabernet Sauvignon, which tends to be higher in tannin.While Merlot is made across the globe, there tends to be two main styles. The International style favored by many New World wine regions tends to emphasize late harvesting to gain physiological ripeness and produce inky, purple colored wines that are full in body with high alcohol and lush, velvety tannins with intense, plum and blackberry fruit. While this international style is practiced by many Bordeaux wine producers, the traditional Bordeaux style of Merlot involves harvesting Merlot earlier to maintain acidity and producing more medium-bodied wines with moderate alcohol levels that have fresh, red fruit flavors (raspberries, strawberries) and potentially leafy, vegetal notes.",
	"image": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/merlot.png",
	"thumbnail": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/merlot.png"
}, {
	"name": "Muller-Thurgau",
	"species": " Vitis vinifera 'Muller-Thurgau'",
	"description": "Müller-Thurgau is a white grape variety (sp. Vitis vinifera) which was created by Hermann Müller from the Swiss Canton of Thurgau in 1882. It is a crossing of Riesling with Madeleine Royale. It is used to make white wine in Germany, Austria, Northern Italy, Hungary, England, Australia, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, New Zealand, the United States and Japan. There are around 42,000  hectares (104,000 acres) cultivated worldwide,[citation needed] which makes Müller-Thurgau the most widely planted of the so-called new breeds of grape varieties created since the late 19th century. Although plantings have decreased significantly since the 1980s, as of 2006 it was still Germany's second most planted variety at 14,000 hectares and 13.7% of the total vineyard surface.In 2007, the 125th anniversary was celebrated at the Geisenheim Grape Breeding Institute. Müller-Thurgau is also known as Rivaner (Austria, Germany, Luxembourg, and especially for dry wines), Riesling x Sylvaner, Riesling-Sylvaner (Switzerland), Johannisberg (Wallis canton in Switzerland) and Rizlingszilváni (Hungary).",
	"image": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/mullerthurgau.png",
	"thumbnail": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/mullerthurgau.png"
}, {
	"name": "Petit Verdot",
	"species": " Vitis vinifera 'Petit Verdot'",
	"description": "Petit Verdot is a variety of red wine grape, principally used in classic Bordeaux blends. It ripens much later than the other varieties in Bordeaux, often too late, so it fell out of favour in its home region. When it does ripen it adds tannin, colour and flavour, in small amounts, to the blend. Petit verdot has attracted attention among winemakers in the New World, where it ripens more reliably and has been made into single varietal wine. It is also useful in 'stiffening' the mid palate of Cabernet Sauvignon blends. When young its aromas have been likened to banana and pencil shavings. Strong tones of violet and leather develop as it matures.Petit Verdot probably predates Cabernet Sauvignon in Bordeaux, but its origins are unclear. There are records of it in the eighteenth century, but its characteristics suggest an origin in much hotter climes than the Gironde. It is one parent of Tressot, the other parent being Duras, a grape from the upper Tarn valley near Toulouse. It's possible that both were brought to the region by the Romans as they moved inland from the Mediterranean.",
	"image": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/petitverdot.png",
	"thumbnail": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/petitverdot.png"
}, {
	"name": "Retsina",
	"species": "Common Grape Vine",
	"description": "Retsina is a Greek white (or rose) resinated wine, which has been made for at least 2000 years. Its unique flavor is said to have originated from the practice of sealing wine vessels, particularly amphorae, with Aleppo Pine resin in ancient times. Before the invention of impermeable glass bottles, oxygen caused many wines to spoil within the year. Pine resin helped keep air out, while at the same time infusing the wine with resin aroma. The Romans began to use barrels in the 3rd century AD, removing any oenological necessity for resin, but the flavor itself was so popular that the style is still widespread today.In Greece, local Retsina is produced throughout the country. Major production centers around Attica, Boeotia and Euboea. The European Union treats the name Retsina as a protected designation of origin and traditional appellation for Greece and parts of the southern regions of Cyprus. An Australian wine style made in South Australia can be called resinated wine but not Retsina.",
	"image": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/retsinaofattica.png",
	"thumbnail": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/retsinaofattica.png"
}, {
	"name": "Rose",
	"species": "Grape Vine",
	"description": "A rosé (from French rosé; also known as rosado in Portugal and Spanish-speaking countries and rosato in Italy) is a type of wine that incorporates some of the color from the grape skins, but not enough to qualify it as a red wine. It may be the oldest known type of wine, as it is the most straightforward to make with the skin contact method. The pink color can range from a pale 'onion-skin' orange to a vivid near-purple, depending on the varietals used and winemaking techniques. There are three major ways to produce rosé wine: skin contact, saignée and blending. Rosé wines can be made still, semi-sparkling or sparkling and with a wide range of sweetness levels from bone-dry Provençal rosé to sweet White Zinfandels and blushes. Rosé wines are made from a wide variety of grapes and can be found all around the globe. When rosé wine is the primary product, it is produced with the skin contact method. Black-skinned grapes are crushed and the skins are allowed to remain in contact with the juice for a short period, typically one to three days. The must is then pressed, and the skins are discarded rather than left in contact throughout fermentation (as with red wine making). The longer that the skins are left in contact with the juice, the more intense the color of the final wine. When a winemaker desires to impart more tannin and color to a red wine, some of the pink juice from the must can be removed at an early stage in what is known as the Saignée (from French bleeding) method. The red wine remaining in the vats is intensified as a result of the bleeding, because the volume of juice in the must is reduced, and the must involved in the maceration becomes more concentrated. The pink juice that is removed can be fermented separately to produce rosé.",
	"image": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/rose.png",
	"thumbnail": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Bhabani2077/images/master/varietalswine/rose.png"
}]