either-try.clj

(defmacro either-try
  ([body] `(try [~body] (catch Throwable e# [nil e#])))
  ([body pred]
   `(try [~body] (catch Throwable e# (if (~pred e#) [nil e#] (throw e#))))))

(defn risky-op [] (throw (ex-info "Oops" {:error-type :my-specific-error})))

(let [[result error] (either-try (risky-op) #(-> % ex-data :error-type (= :my-specific-error)))]
  (if error
    (println "got" error)
    (println result)))