Shell script for server backup (sites and mysql databases) with i/o throttling.

backup.sh

#!/bin/bash

CURRENT_DATE=$(date +'%Y-%m-%d')

MYSQL_USER="mysql_user"
MYSQL=/usr/bin/mysql
MYSQL_PASSWORD="mysql_user_pass"
MYSQLDUMP=/usr/bin/mysqldump
BACKUP_DIR=/DATA/backup/$CURRENT_DATE
SITES_DIR=/www
BACKUP_SPEED="1m" #per sec, for archiving the SITES_DIR, this is done by `pv`

mkdir -p $BACKUP_DIR/mysql
mkdir -p $BACKUP_DIR/www

for directory in $SITES_DIR/*; do
    [ -d "${directory}" ] || continue # if not a directory, skip
    dirname="$(basename "${directory}")"

    #h - follow symlinks
    tar -ch $SITES_DIR/$dirname | pv -L $BACKUP_SPEED > $BACKUP_DIR/www/$dirname.tar
done

databases=`$MYSQL --user=$MYSQL_USER -p$MYSQL_PASSWORD -e "SHOW DATABASES;" | grep -Ev "(Database|information_schema|performance_schema)"`

for db in $databases; do
    $MYSQLDUMP --force --opt --user=$MYSQL_USER -p$MYSQL_PASSWORD --databases $db | gzip > "$BACKUP_DIR/mysql/$db.gz"
done