Pre- and post-increment operators in C++.

pre_and_post_incrementing.cpp

#include <iostream>
using std::cout, std::endl;

int x = 0;

int  pre = ++x;                    // ++x incremements x, and returns (the incremented value of) x
cout << pre  << ', ' << x << endl; // 1, 1
int post = x++;                    // x++ returns (the original value of) x, and incremements x
cout << post << ', ' << x << endl; // 1, 2

/*
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1812990/incrementing-in-c-when-to-use-x-or-x
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4445706/post-increment-and-pre-increment-concept
*/