This Excel LAMBDA function enables simulation and visualization of the binary search algorithm to find a value in a sorted array.

excel-lambda-BINARYSEARCH.txt

IFOMITTED = LAMBDA(arg, then, IF(ISOMITTED(arg), then, arg));

BINARYSEARCH = LAMBDA(search_for, array, [stop], [iter], [left_index], [right_index], 

    LET(
        _iter, IFOMITTED(iter, 1),
        _stop, IFOMITTED(stop, ROWS(array)+1),
        _left_index, IFOMITTED(left_index, 1),
        _right_index, IFOMITTED(right_index, ROWS(array)),
        _seq, SEQUENCE(ROWS(array)), 
        _left_value, INDEX(array, _left_index, 1),
        _right_value, INDEX(array, _right_index, 1),
        _mid_index, FLOOR.MATH((_left_index + _right_index) / 2), 
        _direction, SIGN(INDEX(array, _mid_index, 1) - search_for),
        output, IF((_seq<=_right_index)*(_seq>=_left_index), array, #N/A),
        error_array, EXPAND({#N/A},ROWS(array),,#N/A),
        pointer, LAMBDA(arg, IF(_seq=arg,INDEX(array,arg,1)+6,#N/A)),
        result, IF(_direction=0,HSTACK(IF(array=INDEX(array, _mid_index, 1), array, #N/A),error_array, error_array),
                IF(_direction=1,BINARYSEARCH(search_for, array, _stop, _iter+1, _left_index, _mid_index-1),
                IF(_direction=-1,BINARYSEARCH(search_for, array, _stop, _iter+1, _mid_index+1, _right_index),
                "Not found"))),
        IF(_iter=stop, 
           HSTACK(output, pointer(_left_index), pointer(_right_index)), 
           result)
        
    )

);