From https://x.com/jxnlco/status/1720543493368541199?s=20

script.py

from typing import Optional
from pydantic import Field, BaseModel

import openai
import instructor

instructor.patch()

class ContentSummary(BaseModel):
    title: str
    summary: str
    tags: str

class MaybeContentSummary(BaseModel):
    """MaybeContentSummary is a model that represents the result of a content extraction.
    It can either have a result or an error and message.
    
    If theres no title, summary, tags, then the error and message will be populated."""
    
    result: Optional[ContentSummary] = Field(
        default=None, description="The result of extraction if it exists."
    )
    error: Optional[bool] = Field(default=False)
    message: str = Field(default=None)

def extract_content(text: str):
    content: MaybeContentSummary = openai.ChatCompletion.create(
        response_model=MaybeContentSummary,
        model="gpt-3.5-turbo",
        messages=[
            {
                "role": "system",
                "content": "You are a world class crawler that can extract content from any website.",
            },
            {
                "role": "user",
                "content": "Extract the title, summary and tags from this website:",
            },
            {"role": "user", "content": text},
        ]
    )

    print(content)

    match content:
        case MaybeContentSummary(error=True, message=message):
            print(f"Error: {message}")
        case MaybeContentSummary(result=content):
            print(content)

    return content

if __name__ == "__main__":
    extract_content("Page Not Found")
    # Error: Page Not Found - Unable to extract content from the website.

https://github.com/jxnl/instructor/pull/134/files