download a file with powershell w/o using invoke-webrequest or DoSing yourself with progress prompts

Download-File.ps1

function Download-File {
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $True,
            Position = 0,
            HelpMessage = 'The URI of the file to download.')]
        [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
        [Alias('Url', 'FileUri')]
        [String]$Uri,
        # Specifies a path to one or more locations.
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $False,
            Position = 1,
            HelpMessage = 'Path to save the file to.')]
        [Alias('Path', 'Destination', 'OutFile')]
        [string]
        $FilePath = $Null
    )

    function formatBytes () {
        [CmdletBinding()]
        param (
            [Parameter(Position = 0)]
            [Alias('Value')]
            [uint64]$Bytes,
            [Parameter(Position = 1)]
            [switch]$NoSuffix
        )
        $ret = switch ($Bytes) {
            { $_ -lt 1KB } { '{0}B' -f $Bytes; break }
            { $_ -lt 1MB } { '{0}KB' -f [math]::round($Bytes / 1KB, 2); break }
            { $_ -lt 1GB } { '{0}MB' -f [math]::round($Bytes / 1MB, 2); break }
            { $_ -lt 1TB } { '{0}GB' -f [math]::round($Bytes / 1GB, 2); break }
            { $_ -lt 1PB } { '{0}TB' -f [math]::round($Bytes / 1TB, 2); break }
            Default { '{0}PB' -f [math]::round($Bytes / 1PB, 2); break }
        }
        if ($NoSuffix) { $ret -replace '[A-Z]+' } else { $ret }
    }

    try {
        # Extract the filename from the URI
        $SplitUri = $Uri.Split('/')
        $UriFilename = $SplitUri[$SplitUri.Length - 1].Split('?')[0]

        if ($FilePath -and (Test-Path -Path $FilePath -PathType Container)) {
            # folder passed, append filename
            $OutPath = Join-Path -Path $FilePath -ChildPath $UriFilename
            $FileName = $UriFilename
            Write-Verbose -Message ('Directory path {0} provided, using filename {1} from URI' -f $FilePath, $FileName)
        } elseif ($FilePath -and (Test-Path -Path $FilePath -PathType Leaf)) {
            # full file path passed, use it as-is
            $OutPath = $FilePath
            $FileName = Split-Path -Path $OutPath -Leaf
            Write-Verbose -Message ('Full file path provided, using as-is: {0}' -f $OutPath)
        } else {
            # if no filepath is specified, use the filename from the URI and the current directory
            $OutPath = Join-Path -Path (Get-Location).Path -ChildPath $UriFilename
            $FileName = $UriFilename
            Write-Verbose ('No path provided, using current directory and filename {0} from URI' -f $FileName)
        }

        # Create request object
        $Request = [System.Net.HttpWebRequest]::Create($Uri)
        $Request.set_Timeout(15000)

        # Get headers
        $Response = $Request.GetResponse()
        $TotalBytes = $Response.ContentLength

        # Temp buffer
        $Buffer = New-Object byte[] 4MB
        $ResponseStream = $Response.GetResponseStream()
        $OutStream = [System.IO.FileStream]::new($OutPath, [System.IO.FileMode]::Create, [System.IO.FileAccess]::Write)

        $StartTime = [DateTime]::Now.AddMilliseconds(-1)
        do {
            $BytesRead = $ResponseStream.Read($Buffer, 0, $Buffer.Length)
            $OutStream.Write($Buffer, 0, $BytesRead)
            if ($LastUpdate -lt [DateTime]::Now.AddMilliseconds(-225)) {
                $LastUpdate = [DateTime]::Now
                $Elapsed = [DateTime]::Now - $StartTime
                $Speed = ('{0}/s' -f (formatBytes -Bytes ($OutStream.Length / $Elapsed.TotalSeconds)))
                $Percent = $([math]::round(($OutStream.Length / $TotalBytes) * 100, 2))
                $ProgressArgs = @{
                    Activity        = ('Downloading {0}' -f $FileName)
                    Status          = ('{0} of {1} ({2}%) at {3}' -f (formatBytes $OutStream.Length), (formatBytes $TotalBytes), $Percent, $Speed)
                    PercentComplete = $Percent
                }
                Write-Progress @ProgressArgs
            }
        } while ( $BytesRead -gt 0 )
    } catch {
        Write-Error -Message ('Download failed with error: {0}' -f $_.Exception.Message) -ErrorAction Stop
    } finally {
        # terminate progress bar
        Write-Progress -Activity 'Downloading' -Completed
        # clean up objects
        if ($null -ne $OutStream) {
            $OutStream.Flush()
            $OutStream.Close()
            $OutStream.Dispose()
        }
        if ($null -ne $ResponseStream) { $ResponseStream.Dispose() }
    }
}