Exemplo tkinter utilizando Thread e Command e disabilitando botão que inicia ação

main.py

from dataclasses import dataclass
from threading import Thread, Lock
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox
from time import sleep
from typing import Any

STATE = "state"
ENABLED = "normal"
DISABLED = "disabled"


@dataclass
class Command:

    args: dict
    callable: callable

class AppState:

    def __init__(self) -> None:
        self.count = 0
        self.running = True
        self.lock = Lock()
        self.commands = []

    def __call__(self, *args: Any, **kwds: Any) -> Any:
        callback = []
        try:
            while self.running:

                if len(self.commands) > 0:
                    for value in self.commands:
                        cmd :Command = value
                        cmd.callable()
                        if cmd.args is not None:
                            callback.append(lambda : cmd.args.config(state = ENABLED))
                    else:
                        for after in callback:
                            after()
                    self.commands.clear()
                    callback.clear()
        except Exception as ex:
            print(ex)
            pass

    def clicou(self):
        inicio = self.count
        while True:
            self.count += 1
            conta_label.config(text=f"contando: {self.count}")
            print(self.count)
            sleep(1)
            if self.count >= (inicio + 10):
                break

    def add_clicou(self, botao):
        self.lock.acquire()
        botao[STATE] = DISABLED
        self.commands.append(Command(botao, lambda: self.clicou()))
        self.lock.release()
    
    def close(self):
        self.running = False

state = AppState()
Thread(target=state).start()

def on_closing():
    if messagebox.askokcancel("Quit", "Do you want to quit?"):
        state.close()
        janela.destroy()

janela = Tk()
janela.geometry("200x100")
conta_label = Label(janela, text="contando: 0")
conta_label.grid(row=8, column=0, padx=8, pady=15)
botao = Button(janela, text="Iniciar", command=lambda : state.add_clicou(botao))
botao.grid(column=0, row=10, padx=15, pady=15)
janela.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", on_closing)
janela.mainloop()