Recipe Trigger and Handler

cls

public with sharing class RecipeHandler {
    public static void checkDraft(List<Recipe__c> draftRecipes) {
        
            for (Recipe__c r : draftRecipes){
                if (r.Name == null || r.Active_Time__c == null || r.Description__c == null || r.Active_Time_Units__c == null || r.Servings__c == null){
                    r.Draft__c = true;
                }
            }      
        }

    public static void rateComplexity(List<Recipe__c> ratedRecipes) {
        List <Recipe__c> updatedComplexityRecipes = new List <Recipe__c>();
        for (Recipe__c r : ratedRecipes){
            switch on HelperFunctions.rateRecipeComplexity (r){ 
                when 1 { 
                    r.Complexity__c = 'Simple';
                }
                when 2 { 
                    r.Complexity__c = 'Moderate';
                }
                when 3 { 
                    r.Complexity__c = 'Difficult';
                }
            }
            updatedComplexityRecipes.add(r);
        } 
    }

        public static void createTasks(List<Recipe__c> taskRecipes) {
        List <Task> newTasks = new List<Task>();
        for (Cookbook__c c : [SELECT Id, OwnerId FROM Cookbook__c
                              WHERE ID IN (SELECT Cookbook__c FROM Recipe_Usage__c 
                              WHERE Recipe__r.Draft__c = false AND Recipe__r.Id IN : taskRecipes)]){
            Task t = new Task();
            t.WhatId = c.Id;
            t.OwnerId = c.OwnerId;
            t.ActivityDate = Date.Today().addDays(7);
            t.Subject = 'Review recipe';
            t.Status = 'Not Started';
            newTasks.add(t);
        }
        insert newTasks;
    }
}

trigger

trigger RecipeTrigger on Recipe__c (before insert, after insert, before update, after update) {
    if (trigger.isBefore && ( trigger.isInsert || trigger.isUpdate )){
        RecipeHandler.checkDraft(trigger.new);
        RecipeHandler.rateComplexity(trigger.new);
        }
        if(trigger.isAfter && ( trigger.isInsert ||trigger.isUpdate )){
        RecipeHandler.createTasks(trigger.new);
        }
}