Three ways of extracting a data.table column as a vector DT = data.table( ID = c("b","b","b","a","a","c"), a = 1:6, b = 7:12, c = 13:18 ) DT[[1]] DT$ID DT[,ID] [1] "b" "b" "b" "a" "a" "c" [1] "b" "b" "b" "a" "a" "c" [1] "b" "b" "b" "a" "a" "c"