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Create Debian USB key automatic installation (preseed)
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| #!/usr/bin/env bash | |
| set -e -x -o pipefail | |
| DIRNAME="$(dirname $0)" | |
| DISK="$1" | |
| : "${DEBIAN_RELEASE:=stretch}" | |
| : "${DEBIAN_VERSION:=9.2.1}" | |
| : "${DEBIAN_MIRROR:=http://ftp.debian.org}" | |
| : "${ARCH:=amd64}" | |
| : "${REMOTE_ISO:=https://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/current/${ARCH}/iso-cd/debian-${DEBIAN_VERSION}-${ARCH}-netinst.iso}" | |
| ISO_NAME="${REMOTE_ISO##*/}" | |
| usage() { | |
| cat << EOF | |
| Usage: $0 <disk> <iso> | |
| disk Disk to use (e.g. /dev/sdb) - will be wiped out | |
| Overriding options via environment variables | |
| DEBIAN_RELEASE Release of Debian (default: buster) | |
| DEBIAN_VERSION VERSION of Debian (default: 9.2.1) | |
| DEBIAN_MIRROR Debian mirror (default: http://ftp.debian.org) | |
| ARCH Architecture (default: amd64) | |
| EOF | |
| } | |
| [ $# -ne 1 ] && echo "Please provide required args" && usage && exit 1 | |
| [ -z "${DISK}" ] && echo "Please provide a disk" && usage && exit 1 | |
| PART="${DISK}1" | |
| echo "Getting ISO" | |
| wget --continue -O "${DIRNAME}/${ISO_NAME}" "${REMOTE_ISO}" | |
| ISO="${DIRNAME}/${ISO_NAME}" | |
| echo "Wiping out beginning of ${DISK}" | |
| dd if=/dev/zero of="${DISK}" bs=10M count=5 | |
| echo "Preparing disk partitions" | |
| (echo n; echo p; echo 1; echo ; echo ; echo w) | fdisk "${DISK}" | |
| partx -u /dev/sdb | |
| echo "Creating a filesystem on ${PART}" | |
| mkfs.ext2 "${PART}" | |
| mkdir -p /mnt/usb | |
| mount "${PART}" /mnt/usb | |
| grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/usb "${DISK}" | |
| echo "Download the initrd image" | |
| mkdir "/mnt/usb/hdmedia-${DEBIAN_RELEASE}" | |
| wget -O "/mnt/usb/hdmedia-${DEBIAN_RELEASE}/vmlinuz" "${DEBIAN_MIRROR}/debian/dists/${DEBIAN_RELEASE}/main/installer-${ARCH}/current/images/hd-media/vmlinuz" | |
| wget -O "/mnt/usb/hdmedia-${DEBIAN_RELEASE}/initrd.gz" "${DEBIAN_MIRROR}/debian/dists/${DEBIAN_RELEASE}/main/installer-${ARCH}/current/images/hd-media/initrd.gz" | |
| mkdir -p /mnt/usb/isos | |
| rsync -aP "${ISO}" /mnt/usb/isos | |
| echo "Create grub config file" | |
| cat << EOF > /mnt/usb/boot/grub/grub.cfg | |
| set hdmedia="/hdmedia-${DEBIAN_RELEASE}" | |
| set preseed="/hd-media/preseed" | |
| set iso="/isos/${ISO_NAME}" | |
| menuentry "Debian ${DEBIAN_RELEASE} ${ARCH} manual install" { | |
| linux \$hdmedia/vmlinuz iso-scan/filename=\$iso priority=critical | |
| initrd \$hdmedia/initrd.gz | |
| } | |
| menuentry "Debian ${DEBIAN_RELEASE} ${ARCH} auto install" { | |
| linux \$hdmedia/vmlinuz iso-scan/filename=\$iso priority=critical auto=true preseed/file=\$preseed/debian.preseed | |
| initrd \$hdmedia/initrd.gz | |
| } | |
| EOF | |
| mkdir /mnt/usb/preseed | |
| cat << EOF > /mnt/usb/preseed/debian.preseed | |
| d-i debian-installer/locale string en_US | |
| d-i keyboard-configuration/xkb-keymap select us | |
| d-i console-tools/archs select skip-config | |
| d-i time/zone string EU/Paris | |
| d-i netcfg/enable boolean true | |
| d-i hw-detect/load_firmware boolean true | |
| d-i passwd/make-user boolean true | |
| d-i passwd/root-password password root | |
| d-i passwd/root-password-again password root | |
| d-i netcfg/enable boolean false | |
| d-i clock-setup/utc boolean true | |
| d-i clock-setup/ntp boolean true | |
| # We assume the target computer has only one harddrive. | |
| # In most case the USB Flash drive is attached on /dev/sda | |
| # but sometimes the harddrive is detected before the USB flash drive and | |
| # it is attached on /dev/sda and the USB flash drive on /dev/sdb | |
| # You can set manually partman-auto/disk and grub-installer/bootdev or | |
| # used the early_command option to automatically set the device to use. | |
| d-i partman/early_command string \ | |
| USBDEV=\$(mount | grep hd-media | cut -d" " -f1 | sed "s/\(.*\)./\1/");\ | |
| BOOTDEV=\$(list-devices disk | grep -v \$USBDEV | head -1);\ | |
| debconf-set partman-auto/disk \$BOOTDEV;\ | |
| debconf-set grub-installer/bootdev \$BOOTDEV; | |
| d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean true | |
| d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean false | |
| # Partioning | |
| d-i partman-auto/method string lvm | |
| d-i partman-auto/purge_lvm_from_device boolean true | |
| d-i partman-auto-lvm/new_vg_name string sys | |
| d-i partman-lvm/device_remove_lvm boolean true | |
| d-i partman-lvm/device_remove_lvm_span boolean true | |
| d-i partman-lvm/confirm boolean true | |
| d-i partman/alignment string optimal | |
| d-i partman-auto-lvm/guided_size string max | |
| d-i partman-auto/expert_recipe string \ | |
| my-scheme :: \ | |
| 2000 10000 2000 xfs \ | |
| \$primary{ } \ | |
| \$bootable{ } \ | |
| method{ format } format{ } \ | |
| use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ xfs } \ | |
| mountpoint{ / } \ | |
| . \ | |
| 100 1000 1000000000 xfs \ | |
| \$defaultignore{ } \ | |
| \$primary{ } \ | |
| method{ lvm } \ | |
| vg_name{ sys } \ | |
| . \ | |
| 8000 512 8000 swap \ | |
| \$lvmok{ } \ | |
| in_vg{ sys } \ | |
| lv_name{ swap } \ | |
| method{ swap } \ | |
| format{ } \ | |
| . \ | |
| 8000 1000 10000 usr \ | |
| \$lvmok{ } \ | |
| in_vg{ sys } \ | |
| lv_name{ usr } \ | |
| method{ format } \ | |
| use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ xfs } \ | |
| mountpoint{ /usr } \ | |
| format{ } \ | |
| . \ | |
| 8000 1000 10000 var \ | |
| \$lvmok{ } \ | |
| in_vg{ sys } \ | |
| lv_name{ var } \ | |
| method{ format } \ | |
| use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ xfs } \ | |
| mountpoint{ /var } \ | |
| format{ } \ | |
| . \ | |
| 10000 1000 50000 var-docker \ | |
| \$lvmok{ } \ | |
| in_vg{ sys } \ | |
| lv_name{ var-docker } \ | |
| method{ format } \ | |
| use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ xfs } \ | |
| mountpoint{ /var/lib/docker } \ | |
| format{ } \ | |
| . \ | |
| 2000 1000 2000 tmp \ | |
| \$lvmok{ } \ | |
| in_vg{ sys } \ | |
| lv_name{ tmp } \ | |
| method{ format } \ | |
| use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ xfs } \ | |
| mountpoint{ /tmp } \ | |
| format{ } \ | |
| . \ | |
| 5000 1000 10000 opt \ | |
| \$lvmok{ } \ | |
| in_vg{ sys } \ | |
| lv_name{ opt } \ | |
| method{ format } \ | |
| use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ xfs } \ | |
| mountpoint{ /opt } \ | |
| format{ } \ | |
| . \ | |
| 5000 1000 50000 home \ | |
| \$lvmok{ } \ | |
| in_vg{ sys } \ | |
| lv_name{ home } \ | |
| method{ format } \ | |
| use_filesystem{ } filesystem{ xfs } \ | |
| mountpoint{ /home } \ | |
| format{ } \ | |
| . | |
| # This makes partman automatically partition without confirmation, provided | |
| # that you told it what to do using one of the methods above. | |
| d-i partman/confirm_write_new_label boolean true | |
| d-i partman/choose_partition select finish | |
| d-i partman/confirm boolean true | |
| d-i partman/mount_style select uuid | |
| # We don't want use a remote mirror (all stuff we need is on the USB flash drive) | |
| d-i base-installer/install-recommends boolean false | |
| d-i apt-setup/non-free boolean true | |
| d-i apt-setup/contrib boolean true | |
| d-i apt-setup/use_mirror boolean true | |
| d-i debian-installer/allow_unauthenticated boolean true | |
| # Install a standard debian system (some recommended packages) + openssh-server | |
| tasksel tasksel/first multiselect standard | |
| d-i pkgsel/include string openssh-server | |
| d-i pkgsel/upgrade select none | |
| popularity-contest popularity-contest/participate boolean false | |
| d-i finish-install/reboot_in_progress note | |
| EOF | |
| sync | |
| umount /mnt/usb |
@vdhub I'd be curious to find out if it ever worked on a non-uefi system,
qemu-system-x86_64 -nodefaults -nographic -bios /usr/share/ovmf/OVMF.fd -hda installer.bin -serial mon:stdio
[ 4.185799] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.0-debian-1.16.0-5 04/01/2014
[ 4.186281] Call Trace:
[ 4.187762] dump_stack+0x6b/0x83
[ 4.187970] ? rest_init+0x20/0xb4
[ 4.188097] panic+0x101/0x2d7
[ 4.188252] ? kernel_execve+0x15c/0x1a0
[ 4.188578] ? rest_init+0xb4/0xb4
[ 4.188705] kernel_init+0x101/0x10c
[ 4.188959] ret_from_fork+0x22/0x30
[ 4.189976] Kernel Offset: 0xbe00000 from 0xffffffff81000000 (relocation range: 0xffffffff80000000-0xffffffffbfffffff)
[ 4.190685] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: No working init found. Try passing init= option to kernel. See Linux Documentation/admin-gu-
I decided I'm going to make this uefi no matter what, but strangely I can't get grub-efi to load this kernel:
- https://github.com/paigeadelethompson/netcraveos_zimaboard/blob/main/create-debian-usb-key.sh
- https://github.com/paigeadelethompson/netcraveos_zimaboard/actions/runs/4542200859
qemu-system-x86_64 -nodefaults -nographic -bios /usr/share/ovmf/OVMF.fd -hda installer.bin -serial mon:stdio
grub-efi has this error:
error: can't allocate kernel.
error: you need to load the kernel first.
Press any key to continue...
I think what I'll have to do is open up this initrd and see how it works, not to mention figure out why the kernel won't work with this bootloader,
EDIT:
THE EFI works now, just figured out I needed to run qemu with -m it just didn't have enough memory to allocate the kernel lol
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Will this install on a UEFI system ?
As well , how I can change little bit the disk formatting part ? In my setup I have always 2 Disks , on the smaller disk I need to install the OS and the swap and on the big disk I need to prepare it to store the data , I can automate that ?
How I can detect which one is the smallest one as I cannot rely on /dev/sda ; /dev/sdb part as some times they are swapping depending on the motherboard.
And last part, can I install some mandatory needed packages in my case ? I need
zip htop unzip git curl sqlite3 libunwind8 libglib2.0Thanks