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Insanely complete Ansible playbook, showing off all the options
---
# ^^^ YAML documents must begin with the document separator "---"
#
#### Example docblock, I like to put a descriptive comment at the top of my
#### playbooks.
#
# Overview: Playbook to bootstrap a new host for configuration management.
# Applies to: production
# Description:
# Ensures that a host is configured for management with Ansible.
#
###########
#
#
# Note:
# YAML, like Python, cares about whitespace. Indent consistently throughout.
# Be aware! Unlike Python, YAML refuses to allow the tab character for
# indentation, so always use spaces.
#
# Two-space indents feel comfortable to me, but do whatever you like.
# vim:ff=unix ts=2 sw=2 ai expandtab
#
# If you're new to YAML, keep in mind that YAML documents, like XML
# documents, represent a tree-like structure of nodes and text. More
# familiar with JSON? Think of YAML as a strict and more flexible JSON
# with fewer significant characters (e.g., :, "", {}, [])
#
# The curious may read more about YAML at:
# http://www.yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html
#
###
# Notice the minus on the line below -- this starts the playbook's record
# in the YAML document. Only one playbook is allowed per YAML file. Indent
# the body of the playbook.
-
hosts: all
###########
# Playbook attribute: hosts
# Required: yes
# Description:
# The name of a host or group of hosts that this playbook should apply to.
#
## Example values:
# hosts: all -- applies to all hosts
# hosts: hostname -- apply ONLY to the host 'hostname'
# hosts: groupname -- apply to all hosts in groupname
# hosts: group1,group2 -- apply to hosts in group1 & group2
# hosts: group1,host1 -- mix and match hosts
# hosts: *.mars.nasa.gov wildcard matches work as expected
#
## Using a variable value for 'hosts'
#
# You can, in fact, set hosts to a variable, for example:
#
# hosts: $groups -- apply to all hosts specified in the variable $groups
#
# This is handy for testing playbooks, running the same playbook against a
# staging environment before running it against production, occasional
# maintenance tasks, and other cases where you want to run the playbook
# against just a few systems rather than a whole group.
#
# If you set hosts as shown above, then you can specify which hosts to
# apply the playbook to on each run as so:
#
# ansible-playbook playbook.yml --extra-vars="groups=staging"
#
# Use --extra-vars to set $groups to any combination of groups, hostnames,
# or wildcards just like the examples in the previous section.
#
sudo: True
###########
# Playbook attribute: sudo
# Default: False
# Required: no
# Description:
# If True, always use sudo to run this playbook, just like passing the
# --sudo (or -s) flag to ansible or ansible-playbook.
user: remoteuser
###########
# Playbook attribute: user
# Default: "root'
# Required: no
# Description
# Remote user to execute the playbook as
###########
# Playbook attribute: vars
# Default: none
# Required: no
# Description:
# Set configuration variables passed to templates & included playbooks
# and handlers. See below for examples.
vars:
color: brown
web:
memcache: 192.168.1.2
httpd: apache
# Tree-like structures work as expected, but be careful to surround
# the variable name with ${} when using.
#
# For this example, ${web.memcache} and ${web.apache} are both usable
# variables.
########
# The following works in Ansible 0.5 and later, and will set $config_path
# "/etc/ntpd.conf" as expected.
#
# In older versions, $config_path will be set to the string "/etc/$config"
#
config: ntpd.conf
config_path: /etc/$config
########
# Variables can be set conditionally. This is actually a tiny snippet
# of Python that will get filled in and evaluated during playbook execution.
# This expressioun should always evaluate to True or False.
#
# In this playbook, this will always evaluate to False, because 'color'
# is set to 'brown' above.
#
# When ansible interprets the following, it will first expand $color to
# 'brown' and then evaluate 'brown' == 'blue' as a Python expression.
is_color_blue: "'$color' == 'blue'"
#####
# Builtin Variables
#
# Everything that the 'setup' module provides can be used in the
# vars section. Ansible native, Facter, and Ohai facts can all be
# used.
#
# Run the setup module to see what else you can use:
# ansible -m setup -i /path/to/hosts.ini host1
main_vhost: ${ansible_fqdn}
public_ip: ${ansible_eth0.ipv4.address}
# vars_files is better suited for distro-specific settings, however...
is_ubuntu: "'${ansible_distribution}' == 'ubuntu'"
##########
# Playbook attribute: vars_files
# Required: no
# Description:
# Specifies a list of YAML files to load variables from.
#
# Always evaluated after the 'vars' section, no matter which section
# occurs first in the playbook. Examples are below.
#
# Example YAML for a file to be included by vars_files:
# ---
# monitored_by: phobos.mars.nasa.gov
# fish_sticks: "good with custard"
# # (END OF DOCUMENT)
#
# A 'vars' YAML file represents a list of variables. Don't use playbook
# YAML for a 'vars' file.
#
# Remove the indentation & comments of course, the '---' should be at
# the left margin in the variables file.
#
vars_files:
# Include a file from this absolute path
- /srv/ansible/vars/vars_file.yml
# Include a file from a path relative to this playbook
- vars/vars_file.yml
# By the way, variables set in 'vars' are available here.
- vars/$hostname.yml
# It's also possible to pass an array of files, in which case
# Ansible will loop over the array and include the first file that
# exists. If none exist, ansible-playbook will halt with an error.
#
# An excellent way to handle platform-specific differences.
- [ vars/$platform.yml, vars/default.yml ]
# Files in vars_files process in order, so later files can
# provide more specific configuration:
- [ vars/$host.yml ]
# Hey, but if you're doing host-specific variable files, you might
# consider setting the variable for a group in your hosts.ini and
# adding your host to that group. Just a thought.
##########
# Playbook attribute: vars_prompt
# Required: no
# Description:
# A list of variables that must be manually input each time this playbook
# runs. Used for sensitive data and also things like release numbers that
# vary on each deployment. Ansible always prompts for this value, even
# if it's passed in through the inventory or --extra-vars.
#
# The input won't be echoed back to the terminal. Ansible will always
# prompt for the variables in vars_prompt, even if they're passed in via
# --extra-vars or group variables.
#
# TODO: I think that the value is supposed to show as a prompt but this
# doesn't work in the latest devel
#
vars_prompt:
passphrase: "Please enter the passphrase for the SSL certificate"
# Not sensitive, but something that should vary on each playbook run.
release_version: "Please enter a release tag"
##########
# Playbook attribute: tasks
# Required: yes
# Description:
# A list of tasks to perform in this playbook.
tasks:
##########
# The simplest task
# Each task must have a name & action.
- name: Check that the server's alive
action: ping
##########
# Ansible modules do the work!
- name: Enforce permissions on /tmp/secret
action: file path=/tmp/secret mode=0600 owner=root group=root
#
# Format 'action' like above:
# <modulename> <module parameters>
#
# Test your parameters using:
# ansible -m <module> -a "<module parameters>"
#
# Documentation for the stock modules:
# http://ansible.github.com/modules.html
##########
# Use variables in the task!
#
# Variables expand in both name and action
- name: Paint the server $color
action: command echo $color
##########
# Trigger handlers when things change!
#
# Ansible detects when an action changes something. For example, the
# file permissions change, a file's content changed, a package was
# just installed (or removed), a user was created (or removed). When
# a change is detected, Ansible can optionally notify one or more
# Handlers. Handlers can take any action that a Task can. Most
# commonly they are used to restart a service when its configuration
# changes. See "Handlers" below for more about handlers.
#
# Handlers are called by their name, which is very human friendly.
# This will call the "Restart Apache" handler whenever 'copy' alters
# the remote httpd.conf.
- name: Update the Apache config
action: copy src=httpd.conf dest=/etc/httpd/httpd.conf
notify: Restart Apache
# Here's how to specify more than one handler
- name: Update our app's configuration
action: copy src=myapp.conf dest=/etc/myapp/production.conf
notify:
- Restart Apache
- Restart Redis
##########
# Include tasks from another file!
#
# Ansible can include a list of tasks from another file. The included file
# must represent a list of tasks, which is different than a playbook.
#
# Task list format:
# ---
# - name: create user
# action: user name=$user color=$color
#
# - name: add user to group
# action: user name=$user groups=$group append=true
# # (END OF DOCUMENT)
#
# A 'tasks' YAML file represents a list of tasks. Don't use playbook
# YAML for a 'tasks' file.
#
# Remove the indentation & comments of course, the '---' should be at
# the left margin in the variables file.
# In this example $user will be 'sklar'
# and $color will be 'red' inside new_user.yml
- include: tasks/new_user.yml user=sklar color=red
# In this example $user will be 'mosh'
# and $color will be 'mauve' inside new_user.yml
- include: tasks/new_user.yml user=mosh color=mauve
# Variables expand before the include is evaluated:
- include: tasks/new_user.yml user=chris color=$color
##########
# Run a task on each thing in a list!
#
# Ansible provides a simple loop facility. If 'with_items' is provided for
# a task, then the task will be run once for each item in the 'with_items'
# list. $item changes each time through the loop.
- name: Create a file named $item in /tmp
action: command touch /tmp/$item
with_items:
- tangerine
- lemon
##########
# Choose between files or templates!
#
# Sometimes you want to choose between local files depending on the
# value of the variable. first_available_file checks for each file
# and, if the file exists calls the action with $item={filename}.
#
# Mostly useful for 'template' and 'copy' actions. Only examines local
# files.
#
- name: Template a file
action: template src=$item dest=/etc/myapp/foo.conf
first_available_file:
# ansible_distribution will be "ubuntu", "debian", "rhel5", etc.
- templates/myapp/${ansible_distribution}.conf
# If we couldn't find a distribution-specific file, use default.conf:
- templates/myapp/default.conf
##########
# Conditionally execute tasks!
#
# Sometimes you only want to run an action when a under certain conditions.
# Ansible will 'only_if' as a Python expression and will only run the
# action when the expression evaluates to True.
#
# If you're trying to run an task only when a value changes,
# consider rewriting the task as a handler and using 'notify' (see below).
#
- name: "shutdown all ubuntu"
action: command /sbin/shutdown -t now
only_if: "$is_ubuntu"
- name: "shutdown the government"
action: command /sbin/shutdown -t now
only_if: "'$ansible_hostname' == 'the_government'"
##########
# Notify handlers when things change!
#
# Each task can optionally have one or more handlers that get called
# when the task changes something -- creates a user, updates a file,
# etc.
#
# Handlers have human-readable names and are defined in the 'handlers'
# section of a playbook. See below for the definitions of 'Restart nginx'
# and 'Restart application'
- name: update nginx config
action: file src=nginx.conf dest=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
notify: Restart nginx
- name: roll out new code
action: git repo=git://codeserver/myapp.git dest=/srv/myapp version=HEAD branch=release
notify:
- Restart nginx
- Restart application
##########
# Run things as other users!
#
# Each task has an optional 'user' and 'sudo' flag to indicate which
# user a task should run as and whether or not to use 'sudo' to switch
# to that user.
- name: dump all postgres databases
action: pg_dumpall -w -f /tmp/backup.psql
user: postgres
sudo: False
##########
# Run things locally!
#
# Each task also has a 'connection' setting to control whether a local
# or remote connection is used. The only valid options now are 'local'
# or 'paramiko'. 'paramiko' is assumed by the command line tools.
#
# This can also be set at the top level of the playbook.
- name: create tempfile
action: dd if=/dev/urandom of=/tmp/random.txt count=100
connection: local
##########
# Playbook attribute: handlers
# Required: no
# Description:
# Handlers are tasks that run when another task has changed something.
# See above for examples. The format is exactly the same as for tasks.
# Note that if multiple tasks notify the same handler in a playbook run
# that handler will only run once.
#
# Handlers are referred to by name. They will be run in the order declared
# in the playbook. For example: if a task were to notify the
# handlers in reverse order like so:
#
# - task: touch a file
# action: file name=/tmp/lock.txt
# notify:
# - Restart application
# - Restart nginx
#
# The "Restart nginx" handler will still run before the "Restart
# application" handler because it is declared first in this playbook.
handlers:
- name: Restart nginx
action: service name=nginx state=restarted
# Any module can be used for the handler action
- name: Restart application
action: command /srv/myapp/restart.sh
# It's also possible to include handlers from another file. Structure is
# the same as a tasks file, see the tasks section above for an example.
- include: handlers/site.yml
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