Use ttl=1 Ping to find first router device's ip

traceroute.py

import socket
import struct
import sys
import select

class PingProtocolData(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.seq_number = 0

    @property
    def ICMP_ECHO(self):
        return 8

    @property
    def seq_number(self):
        return self.__seq_number

    @property
    def identifier(self):
        return 0

    @seq_number.setter
    def seq_number(self, seq_number):
        self.__seq_number = seq_number

    def generate_ping_packet(self):
        checksum = 0
        header = struct.pack("!BBHHH", self.ICMP_ECHO, 0, checksum, self.identifier, 
                             self.seq_number)
        padBytes = "abcdefghijk"
        data = bytes(padBytes)
        #print data
        checksum = self.calculate_checksum(header+data)
        header = struct.pack("!BBHHH", self.ICMP_ECHO, 0, checksum, self.identifier, 
                             self.seq_number)
        packet = header + data
        print packet
        return packet
        

    def calculate_checksum(self, source_string):
       	"""
	    A port of the functionality of in_cksum() from ping.c
	    Ideally this would act on the string as a series of 16-bit ints (host
	    packed), but this works.
	    Network data is big-endian, hosts are typically little-endian
	    """
        countTo = (int(len(source_string) / 2)) * 2
        sum = 0
        count = 0

        # Handle bytes in pairs (decoding as short ints)
        loByte = 0
        hiByte = 0
        while count < countTo:
            if (sys.byteorder == "little"):
                loByte = source_string[count]
                hiByte = source_string[count + 1]
            else:
                loByte = source_string[count + 1]
                hiByte = source_string[count]

            loByte = ord(loByte)
            hiByte = ord(hiByte)

            sum = sum + (hiByte * 256 + loByte)
            count += 2

        # Handle last byte if applicable (odd-number of bytes)
        # Endianness should be irrelevant in this case
        if countTo < len(source_string): # Check for odd length
            loByte = source_string[len(source_string) - 1]
            loByte = ord(loByte)
            sum += loByte

        sum &= 0xffffffff # Truncate sum to 32 bits (a variance from ping.c, which
                        # uses signed ints, but overflow is unlikely in ping)

        sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff)	# Add high 16 bits to low 16 bits
        sum += (sum >> 16)					# Add carry from above (if any)
        answer = ~sum & 0xffff				# Invert and truncate to 16 bits
        answer = socket.htons(answer)

        return answer	
    

class Pinger(object):
    def __init__(self, ppd):
        self.ppd = ppd

    def _send_ping(self, s, target):
        ping_packet = self.ppd.generate_ping_packet()
        s.sendto(ping_packet, (target, 1))

    def _receive_ping(self, s):
        timeout = 2.5
        select.select([s], [], [], timeout)
        packet_data, address = s.recvfrom(2048)
        print packet_data, address


    def do(self):
        s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, socket.getprotobyname("icmp"))
        s.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_IP, socket.IP_TTL, 1)
        self._send_ping(s, "8.8.8.8")
        self._receive_ping(s)
        s.close()


def main():
    pinger = Pinger(PingProtocolData())
    pinger.do()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()