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A list of commands that can be executed after telnetting into echolife HG532b (STC Huwaei Modem) or similar devices
ALL COMMANDS
============
COMMAND ABBREVIATION.
PURPOSE.
MORE INFO.
EXAMPLE USAGE.
[/test Left Bracket Executable.
Commonly unused?
e.g. [ zebra ] && echo "YES" || echo "NO"
[[ Double Left Bracket Executable.
Equivalent to the `test` command.
A more modern [ that is not backward compatible.
e.g. [[ zebra ]] && echo "YES" || echo "NO"
acs_cli Auto Channel Selection Command Line Interface.
Used for auto selecting AP channel (WiFi).
acsd Auto Channel Selection Dynamic?
Used inconjuction with `acs_cli`.
adsl(ctl) Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line.
Used to control ADSL modem connection.
arl(ctl) Address Resolution Logic (ARL) Processor Control Utility.
Related to ARP table?
awk Aho, Weinberger, Kernighan.
Data extraction language. Extracts data from structured text (e.g. tables).
ls -l | awk '{print $9}'
sh/ash/bash Shell, Almquist Shell, Busybox? ASH.
Similar to Bash.
bcmlog Broadcom? Log.
???
bcmmserver Broadcom? Media Server.
Can hang terminal.
Digital Media Server.
Digital Living Network Alliance (DLNA) device.
Allows streaming over IP network to output DMR device (Digital Media Renderer).
bftpd Background File Transfer Protocol Daemon.
Can hang terminal.
FTP server (requires editing .conf file).
Try: bftpd -v 2
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Bftpd
bpm(ctl) Business Process Management?
BPM Control Utility.
Used to manage SW (Software) System?
brctl Bridge Control.
Used to manage ETH bridges.
busybox Busybox.
The Swiss Army Knife of Embedded Linux.
Invoking the command reveals some 'hidden' commands.
busybox linuxrc
cat Concatenate.
Can hang terminal.
Can be used to redirect input to write files.
cat file1 > file2)
chat Chat.
Automated conversational script with a modem.
Establishes connection between local ppp daemon (pppd) and remote pppd.
chmod Change Mode.
Changes user permissions.
chmod 777 file1
chmod ugo+rwx file1
cmp Compare.
Used to compare two files (similar to diff but perhaps easier).
consoled Console Daemon.
Can hang terminal.
???
consoled --help
cp Copy.
Copies a file.
date date.
Returns the current datetime value.
db Dump Bytes.
Memory dump as bytes.
ddnsd Dynamic DNS Daemon.
Unknown options.
deluser Delete User.
Deletes a user from the system.
Is it even possible to create users?
depmod Dependencies Module.
Generates a list of kernel module dependencies.
Doesn't work; throws an error (can't open '': No such file ore directory).
df Disk Free.
Shows amount of available disk space.
dh Dump Half-Words.
Memory dump as half-words.
dhcp6c Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol v6 Client.
Allows the device to fetch an IP from a IPv6 DHCP server.
dhcp6s DHCP v6 Server.
Allows the device to run as a DHCP IPv6 server.
dhcpc DHCP v4 Client.
Allows the device to fetch an IP from a IPv4 DHCP server.
dhcpd DHCP v4 Server.
Allows the device to run as a DHCP IPv4 server.
dmesg Debug Message.
Prints the message buffer of the kernel.
dnsdiag DNS Diagnostic.
Used to check whether the specified DNS server is working.
dnsdiag -c 50 -t 10 -p noob
dnsproxy DNS Proxy.
A daemon that waits for nameserver queries.
Queries are dispatched to authoritative and recursive name servers.
Needs a configuration file to define authoritative and recursive name servers.
dnsproxy -h
dnsspoof DNS Spoof.
Can hang terminal.
Intended to spoof DNS requests but too hard to get it working.
dry Dhrystone.
Tool to benchmark processor + compiler efficiency in executing a 'typical' program.
dry --help
dsldiagd DSL Diagnostic Daemon.
Hangs terminal.
dumpmem Dump Memory.
Memory dump of a specific segment of memory?
dumpsysinfo Dump System Information.
Dumps very useful diagnostic information.
dw Dump Words.
Memory dump as words.
eapd ??? Daemon?.
ebtables Ethernet Bridge Tables.
Analogous to `iptables` but for Ethernet frames (layer 2).
echo Echo.
Used to print text and variables.
epi_ttcp Test TCP
Similar to `iperf` (which is a derivative of ttcp).
Stress test for network throughput.
ethctl Ethernet (Port) Control.
Used to tweak ethernet port settings.
ethswctl Ethernet Switch Control.
Used to tweak the internal switch device of the modem.
expr Expression.
Evaluates the given expression.
expr 55 % 34
expr --help
false False.
Boolean representing false.
fap(ctl) Forwarding Assist Processor.
Low level tweaking of how CPU handles packet forwarding.
fast ???
Contains a set of useful commands.
Can control modem LEDS.
Gets/sets serial, hardware version, software version, and other values.
fast3864_eco ???
Throws 'no such device' error.
fb Fill? Bytes.
Writes bytes directly to a memory region.
Extremely dangerous.
fc(ctl) Flow Cache.
???
fh Fill Half-Words.
Writes half-words directly to a memory region.
Extremely dangerous.
ftpget FTP Get.
Fetches a remote file via FTP.
fw Fill Word.
Writes words directly to a memory region.
Extremely dangerous.
grep Get Regular Expression Pattern.
Can hang terminal.
halt Halt.
Shutdown the modem.
Requires a physical/manual reboot to restore functionality.
hotplug Hotplug.
Used to execute scripts on events (e.g. USB plugged, interface status change).
httpd HTTP Daemon.
Crashes modem (seems like it does some configuration).
ifconfig Interface Configure.
Analogous to `ipconfig` for Windows.
A standard Linux utility tool.
ifconfig help
igd I ???
Hangs terminal.
???
init Initialise.
Hangs terminal.
Init is the parent of all processes.
insmod Insert Module.
Load a specified kernel module into the kernel.
iostat IO Statistics.
Reports CPU and IO statistics.
iostat --help
ip IP.
Can hang terminal.
Advanced IP diagnostic; supersedes `ifconfig`.
ip6tables IPv6 Tables.
Used to configure IPv6 tables (essentially a firewall).
ippd Internet Protocl Printing Daemon.
Requires a file to work.
iptables IPv4 Tables.
Used to configure IPv4 tables (essentially a firewall).
iq(ctl) Ingress QoS.
QoS for incoming packets.
kill Kill.
Kills a process via its PID.
killall Kill All.
Kills a process via its name.
klogd Kernel Log Daemon.
Can hang terminal.
klogd --help
lld2d Link Layer Discovery 2 Daemon.
lld2d --help
ln Link.
Creates a link between a directory and a target on the file system.
logger Logger.
Can hang terminal.
Writes a message to syslog.
logger --help
logread Log Read.
Reads the messages in the buffer of the syslog daemon.
logread --help
ls List Subdirectories.
mcpd ??? Daemon.
Can hang terminal.
mkdir Make Directory.
mknod Make Node.
Not really used for anything anymore.
modprobe Module Probe.
Adds loadable kernel modules.
mount Mount.
Configures mounted storage devices.
mount -o remount, rw /
mount --help
mpstat Multiple Processor Statistics.
Reports CPU statistics.
mpstat --help
mroute Multicast Route.
Configure multicast routing.
nas Network Address Storage.
???
nas4not Network Address Storage ???.
???
nc Netcat.
Read and write data directly to network connections (either TCP or UDP).
ntfs-3g NTFS 3rd Generation.
Driver that configures NTFS file systems.
nvram Non-Volatile RAM.
Reads and writes to nvram.
nvramUpdate NVRAM Update.
Apparently wipes nvram or writes into nvram based on a given file.
openssl Open SSL.
Supports various cryptographic functions from the OpenSSL library.
pidstat Process ID Statistics.
Similar to `top`.
ping Ping.
Pings an IPv4 address.
ping6 Ping IPv6.
Pings an IPv6 address.
poweroff Power Off.
Turns off the modem.
pppd Point to Point Protocol Daemon.
Can hang terminal.
Establishes a connection to the ISP.
ps Processes Show.
Shows a list of processes.
pwd Print Working Directory.
pwr(ctl) Power.
Configure the power utilisation of the modem.
radvd Router Advertisement Daemon.
Listens and sends advertisement as specified in the 'Neighbour Discovery for IPv6'.
rawSocketTest Raw Socket Test.
???
reboot Reboot.
ripd Routing Information Protocol (RIP) Daemon
Ancient technology.
ripd --help
rm Remove.
rmmod Remove Module.
Unload a specified kernel module into the kernel.
route Route.
Configure the Kernel TCP/IP routing table.
Similar to `iptables` but there are differences.
Can be used to route between interfaces.
sadf System Activity Display Format.
Used to display the contents of data files created by SAR in various format (e.g. XML).
sar System Activity Report.
An extremely powerful system data logger.
sb Save Bytes.
Writes bytes directly to a memory region.
sendarp Send ARP.
Sends an ARP packet.
setmem Set Memory.
Writes directly a single hexadecimal value into memory.
sleep Sleep.
smbd Server Message Block (SMB) Daemon.
Network file sharing and printing services on Windows clients.
smbpasswd SMB Password.
Sets a new password for the SMB Daemon.
smd System Message Display?
Shows some error logs.
sntp Simple Network Time Protocol
Unknown options.
spitr Serial Peripheral Interface Transfer.
Sends hexadecimal values over SPI.
spu(ctl) ???
SPU Device.
sshd SSH Daemon.
Creates an SSH server.
ssk System? Show? ???
Shows some error logs?
stress Stress.
Stress test for memory.
stress-fs-flist.txt Stress File System File List.
Hangs terminal.
Contains a list of filepaths.
cat opt/scripts/stress-fs-flist.txt
stress-fs.sh Stress File System.
Purpose of test == ???
cat opt/scripts/stress-fs.sh
stress-proc.sh Stress Process.
Purpose of test == ???
Displays CPU, memory, network devices and netstat information
cat opt/scripts/stress-proc.sh
stress-xdslupdow n.sh Stress xDSL Up Down.
Brings the modem connection down for a while then up again.
Purpose of test == ???
sw Save Words
Writes words directly to a memory region.
swmdk ???
"Could not create shared memory"
sysinfo System Information.
Shows number of processes, CPU load average, and memory usage.
syslogd System Log Daemon.
Can specify output log file path.
syslogd --help
tc Traffic Control.
Can hang terminal
Configures traffic shaping, scheduling, policing, and dropping.
telnetd Telnet Daemon.
Creates a telnet daemon.
test_usb.sh Test USB
Found in opt/scripts (use cat to read it).
Test involves searching, mounting, writing, erasing, and unmounting of the USB.
tftp Trivial File Transfer Protocol.
Transfers a file to/from a TFTP server.
tftpd Trivial File Transfer Protocol Daemon.
Creates a TFTP Daemon.
top Top.
Can hang terminal
Shows in real-time the top processes.
top -b -n3
top --help
tr143DownloadDiag Technical Report 143 Download Diagnostic.
???
tr143EchoCfgServer Technical Report 143 Echo Configuration Server.
Echos the configuration of the TR143 server?
Seems to hang terminal but CTRL-C does the job.
tr143UploadDiag Technical Report 143 Upload Diagnostic.
???
tr69c Technical Report 69 Client.
Crashes modem.
Configures the TR69 client.
tr69c --help
traceroute Trace Route.
true True.
Boolean representing true.
tty TeleTYperwriter.
Prints the file name of the terminal connected to standard input.
udhcpd Micro DHCP Daemon.
A very small DHCP server geared towards embedded systems.
umount Unmount.
Unmounts storage devices.
upnp Universal Plug And Play.
???
urlfilterd URL Filter Daemon
Hangs terminal.
???
usb_host_off.sh USB Host Off.
Powers off all USB devices.
usb_host_on.sh USB Host On.
Powers on all USB devices.
usb_modeswitch USB Mode Switch.
Configure the USB devices attached to the modem.
usb_modeswitch --help
vconfig Virtual Configuration.
Configures virtual ethernet devices.
vlanctl VLAN Control.
Configure VLANs.
vodsl Voice Over DSL.
Hangs terminal.
Ancient technology that lost to VoIP apparently.
wget Web Get.
Retrieve files via HTTP or FTP.
wl_server(_socket) Wirless Server.
Hangs the terminal.
Creates a network socket that you can connect to but do nothing?
???
wl(ctl) Wireless.
Indepth configuration of WiFi.
wlevt Wireless Event.
???
wlmngr Wireless Manager.
Can hang terminal.
???
wps_monitor WiFi Protected Setup Monitor.
???
xargs Execute? Arguments.
Can hang terminal.
Build and execute command lines from standard input.
Used with to pipe output of commands into input of others.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xargs
xargs --help
xdslctl <BLANK> Digital Subscriber Link Control.
Configures the xDSL technology from the modem to the ISP.
xtm(ctl) <BLANK> Transfer Mode (e.g. ATM).
Configures the xTM technology from the modem to the ISP.
zebra Zebra.
A multi-server routing software.
Turns the host machine into a full powered router.
Decommissioned and superseded by `Quagga`.
zebra --help
USEFUL COMMANDS
===============
sh Shell.
Upon telnetting into the modem, type the hidden command `sh` for BusyBox.
top
sysinfo
adsl(ctl) Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line.
Used to control ADSL modem connection.
sh/ash/bash Shell, Almquist Shell, Busybox? ASH.
Similar to Bash.
brctl Bridge Control.
Used to manage ETH bridges.
busybox Busybox.
The Swiss Army Knife of Embedded Linux.
Invoking the command reveals some 'hidden' commands.
busybox linuxrc
cat Concatenate.
Can hang terminal.
Can be used to redirect input to write files.
cat file1 > file2)
chmod Change Mode.
Changes user permissions.
chmod 777 file1
chmod ugo+rwx file1
cmp Compare.
Used to compare two files (similar to diff but perhaps easier).
cp Copy.
Copies a file.
date date.
Returns the current datetime value.
df Disk Free.
Shows amount of available disk space.
dnsdiag DNS Diagnostic.
Used to check whether the specified DNS server is working.
dnsdiag -c 50 -t 10 -p noob
dnsproxy DNS Proxy.
A daemon that waits for nameserver queries.
Queries are dispatched to authoritative and recursive name servers.
Needs a configuration file to define authoritative and recursive name servers.
dnsproxy -h
dnsspoof DNS Spoof.
Can hang terminal.
Intended to spoof DNS requests but too hard to get it working.
dry Dhrystone.
Tool to benchmark processor + compiler efficiency in executing a 'typical' program.
dry --help
dsldiagd DSL Diagnostic Daemon.
Hangs terminal.
dumpmem Dump Memory.
Memory dump of a specific segment of memory?
dumpsysinfo Dump System Information.
Dumps very useful diagnostic information.
dw Dump Words.
Memory dump as words.
eapd ??? Daemon?.
ebtables Ethernet Bridge Tables.
Analogous to `iptables` but for Ethernet frames (layer 2).
echo Echo.
Used to print text and variables.
epi_ttcp Test TCP
Similar to `iperf` (which is a derivative of ttcp).
Stress test for network throughput.
ethctl Ethernet (Port) Control.
Used to tweak ethernet port settings.
ethswctl Ethernet Switch Control.
Used to tweak the internal switch device of the modem.
expr Expression.
Evaluates the given expression.
expr 55 % 34
expr --help
false False.
Boolean representing false.
fap(ctl) Forwarding Assist Processor.
Low level tweaking of how CPU handles packet forwarding.
fast ???
Contains a set of useful commands.
Can control modem LEDS.
Gets/sets serial, hardware version, software version, and other values.
fast3864_eco ???
Throws 'no such device' error.
fb Fill? Bytes.
Writes bytes directly to a memory region.
Extremely dangerous.
fc(ctl) Flow Cache.
???
fh Fill Half-Words.
Writes half-words directly to a memory region.
Extremely dangerous.
ftpget FTP Get.
Fetches a remote file via FTP.
fw Fill Word.
Writes words directly to a memory region.
Extremely dangerous.
grep Get Regular Expression Pattern.
Can hang terminal.
halt Halt.
Shutdown the modem.
Requires a physical/manual reboot to restore functionality.
hotplug Hotplug.
Used to execute scripts on events (e.g. USB plugged, interface status change).
httpd HTTP Daemon.
Crashes modem (seems like it does some configuration).
ifconfig Interface Configure.
Analogous to `ipconfig` for Windows.
A standard Linux utility tool.
ifconfig help
igd I ???
Hangs terminal.
???
init Initialise.
Hangs terminal.
Init is the parent of all processes.
insmod Insert Module.
Load a specified kernel module into the kernel.
iostat IO Statistics.
Reports CPU and IO statistics.
iostat --help
ip IP.
Can hang terminal.
Advanced IP diagnostic; supersedes `ifconfig`.
ip6tables IPv6 Tables.
Used to configure IPv6 tables (essentially a firewall).
ippd Internet Protocl Printing Daemon.
Requires a file to work.
iptables IPv4 Tables.
Used to configure IPv4 tables (essentially a firewall).
iq(ctl) Ingress QoS.
QoS for incoming packets.
kill Kill.
Kills a process via its PID.
killall Kill All.
Kills a process via its name.
klogd Kernel Log Daemon.
Can hang terminal.
klogd --help
lld2d Link Layer Discovery 2 Daemon.
lld2d --help
ln Link.
Creates a link between a directory and a target on the file system.
logger Logger.
Can hang terminal.
Writes a message to syslog.
logger --help
logread Log Read.
Reads the messages in the buffer of the syslog daemon.
logread --help
ls List Subdirectories.
mcpd ??? Daemon.
Can hang terminal.
mkdir Make Directory.
mknod Make Node.
Not really used for anything anymore.
modprobe Module Probe.
Adds loadable kernel modules.
mount Mount.
Configures mounted storage devices.
mount -o remount, rw /
mount --help
mpstat Multiple Processor Statistics.
Reports CPU statistics.
mpstat --help
mroute Multicast Route.
Configure multicast routing.
nas Network Address Storage.
???
nas4not Network Address Storage ???.
???
nc Netcat.
Read and write data directly to network connections (either TCP or UDP).
ntfs-3g NTFS 3rd Generation.
Driver that configures NTFS file systems.
nvram Non-Volatile RAM.
Reads and writes to nvram.
nvramUpdate NVRAM Update.
Apparently wipes nvram or writes into nvram based on a given file.
openssl Open SSL.
Supports various cryptographic functions from the OpenSSL library.
pidstat Process ID Statistics.
Similar to `top`.
ping Ping.
Pings an IPv4 address.
ping6 Ping IPv6.
Pings an IPv6 address.
poweroff Power Off.
Turns off the modem.
pppd Point to Point Protocol Daemon.
Can hang terminal.
Establishes a connection to the ISP.
ps Processes Show.
Shows a list of processes.
pwd Print Working Directory.
pwr(ctl) Power.
Configure the power utilisation of the modem.
radvd Router Advertisement Daemon.
Listens and sends advertisement as specified in the 'Neighbour Discovery for IPv6'.
rawSocketTest Raw Socket Test.
???
reboot Reboot.
ripd Routing Information Protocol (RIP) Daemon
Ancient technology.
ripd --help
rm Remove.
rmmod Remove Module.
Unload a specified kernel module into the kernel.
route Route.
Configure the Kernel TCP/IP routing table.
Similar to `iptables` but there are differences.
Can be used to route between interfaces.
sadf System Activity Display Format.
Used to display the contents of data files created by SAR in various format (e.g. XML).
sar System Activity Report.
An extremely powerful system data logger.
sb Save Bytes.
Writes bytes directly to a memory region.
sendarp Send ARP.
Sends an ARP packet.
setmem Set Memory.
Writes directly a single hexadecimal value into memory.
sleep Sleep.
smbd Server Message Block (SMB) Daemon.
Network file sharing and printing services on Windows clients.
smbpasswd SMB Password.
Sets a new password for the SMB Daemon.
smd System Message Display?
Shows some error logs.
sntp Simple Network Time Protocol
Unknown options.
spitr Serial Peripheral Interface Transfer.
Sends hexadecimal values over SPI.
spu(ctl) ???
SPU Device.
sshd SSH Daemon.
Creates an SSH server.
ssk System? Show? ???
Shows some error logs?
stress Stress.
Stress test for memory.
stress-fs-flist.txt Stress File System File List.
Hangs terminal.
Contains a list of filepaths.
cat opt/scripts/stress-fs-flist.txt
stress-fs.sh Stress File System.
Purpose of test == ???
cat opt/scripts/stress-fs.sh
stress-proc.sh Stress Process.
Purpose of test == ???
Displays CPU, memory, network devices and netstat information
cat opt/scripts/stress-proc.sh
stress-xdslupdow n.sh Stress xDSL Up Down.
Brings the modem connection down for a while then up again.
Purpose of test == ???
sw Save Words
Writes words directly to a memory region.
swmdk ???
"Could not create shared memory"
sysinfo System Information.
Shows number of processes, CPU load average, and memory usage.
syslogd System Log Daemon.
Can specify output log file path.
syslogd --help
tc Traffic Control.
Can hang terminal
Configures traffic shaping, scheduling, policing, and dropping.
telnetd Telnet Daemon.
Creates a telnet daemon.
test_usb.sh Test USB
Found in opt/scripts (use cat to read it).
Test involves searching, mounting, writing, erasing, and unmounting of the USB.
tftp Trivial File Transfer Protocol.
Transfers a file to/from a TFTP server.
tftpd Trivial File Transfer Protocol Daemon.
Creates a TFTP Daemon.
top Top.
Can hang terminal
Shows in real-time the top processes.
top -b -n3
top --help
tr143DownloadDiag Technical Report 143 Download Diagnostic.
???
tr143EchoCfgServer Technical Report 143 Echo Configuration Server.
Echos the configuration of the TR143 server?
Seems to hang terminal but CTRL-C does the job.
tr143UploadDiag Technical Report 143 Upload Diagnostic.
???
tr69c Technical Report 69 Client.
Crashes modem.
Configures the TR69 client.
tr69c --help
traceroute Trace Route.
true True.
Boolean representing true.
tty TeleTYperwriter.
Prints the file name of the terminal connected to standard input.
udhcpd Micro DHCP Daemon.
A very small DHCP server geared towards embedded systems.
umount Unmount.
Unmounts storage devices.
upnp Universal Plug And Play.
???
urlfilterd URL Filter Daemon
Hangs terminal.
???
usb_host_off.sh USB Host Off.
Powers off all USB devices.
usb_host_on.sh USB Host On.
Powers on all USB devices.
usb_modeswitch USB Mode Switch.
Configure the USB devices attached to the modem.
usb_modeswitch --help
vconfig Virtual Configuration.
Configures virtual ethernet devices.
vlanctl VLAN Control.
Configure VLANs.
vodsl Voice Over DSL.
Hangs terminal.
Ancient technology that lost to VoIP apparently.
wget Web Get.
Retrieve files via HTTP or FTP.
wl_server(_socket) Wirless Server.
Hangs the terminal.
Creates a network socket that you can connect to but do nothing?
???
wl(ctl) Wireless.
Indepth configuration of WiFi.
wlevt Wireless Event.
???
wlmngr Wireless Manager.
Can hang terminal.
???
wps_monitor WiFi Protected Setup Monitor.
???
xargs Execute? Arguments.
Can hang terminal.
Build and execute command lines from standard input.
Used with to pipe output of commands into input of others.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xargs
xargs --help
xdslctl <BLANK> Digital Subscriber Link Control.
Configures the xDSL technology from the modem to the ISP.
xtm(ctl) <BLANK> Transfer Mode (e.g. ATM).
Configures the xTM technology from the modem to the ISP.
zebra Zebra.
A multi-server routing software.
Turns the host machine into a full powered router.
Decommissioned and superseded by `Quagga`.
zebra --help
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