Python tutorial for programmers

Python part 1.ipynb

Python part 2.ipynb

{
 "metadata": {
  "name": "",
  "signature": "sha256:705f9a4986a12c758e0e3c34f8a36be0f86e0122f35f70816838c794a75f2d54"
 },
 "nbformat": 3,
 "nbformat_minor": 0,
 "worksheets": [
  {
   "cells": [
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 1,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Python cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 2"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "List/Set/Dict comprehensions"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "[x*x for x in range(5)]"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "pyout",
       "prompt_number": 1,
       "text": [
        "[0, 1, 4, 9, 16]"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 1
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "{x for x in range(5)}"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "pyout",
       "prompt_number": 2,
       "text": [
        "{0, 1, 2, 3, 4}"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 2
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "{2 for x in range(5)}"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "pyout",
       "prompt_number": 3,
       "text": [
        "{2}"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 3
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "{x: x*x for x in range(5)}"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "pyout",
       "prompt_number": 4,
       "text": [
        "{0: 0, 1: 1, 2: 4, 3: 9, 4: 16}"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 4
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "{i: x*x for x in range(5) for i in range(5)}"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "pyout",
       "prompt_number": 5,
       "text": [
        "{0: 16, 1: 16, 2: 16, 3: 16, 4: 16}"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 5
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Formatowanie string\u00f3w w starym stylu"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "\"asd\""
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "pyout",
       "prompt_number": 6,
       "text": [
        "'asd'"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 6
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "\"asd %d\" % 5"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "pyout",
       "prompt_number": 7,
       "text": [
        "'asd 5'"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 7
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "\"asd %04d %s\" % (1,\"asd\")"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "pyout",
       "prompt_number": 8,
       "text": [
        "'asd 0001 asd'"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 8
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "\"asd %(alfa)s %(beta)s\" % {'alfa': \"31\", 'beta': \"123\"}"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "pyout",
       "prompt_number": 9,
       "text": [
        "'asd 31 123'"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 9
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "### Formatowanie string\u00f3w w nowym stylu\n",
      "\n",
      "Opis format string\u00f3w https://docs.python.org/3.4/library/string.html#format-string-syntax"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "\"{} ma {}\".format(\"ala\", \"kota\")"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "pyout",
       "prompt_number": 10,
       "text": [
        "'ala ma kota'"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 10
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "\"{kto} ma {co}\".format(kto=\"ala\", co=\"kota\")"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "pyout",
       "prompt_number": 11,
       "text": [
        "'ala ma kota'"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 11
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "\"{0} ma {1}\".format(\"kota\", \"ala\")"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "pyout",
       "prompt_number": 12,
       "text": [
        "'kota ma ala'"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 12
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "\"'{0:<10}' '{0:>10}' '{0:^10}'\".format(\"asd\")"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "pyout",
       "prompt_number": 13,
       "text": [
        "\"'asd       ' '       asd' '   asd    '\""
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 13
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "\"{0[a]} {0[a][0]}\".format({'a': [1,2,3]})"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "pyout",
       "prompt_number": 14,
       "text": [
        "'[1, 2, 3] 1'"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 14
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "import string\n",
      "\"{0.ascii_letters}\".format(string)"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "pyout",
       "prompt_number": 15,
       "text": [
        "'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 15
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "\"{0[a]:{1}10}\".format({'a': \"asd\"}, '>')"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "metadata": {},
       "output_type": "pyout",
       "prompt_number": 16,
       "text": [
        "'       asd'"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 16
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "\"Prawdziwo\u015b\u0107\" obiekt\u00f3w"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "if [1,2,2]:\n",
      "    print(\"TAK\")"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "TAK\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 17
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "if []:\n",
      "    print(\"TAK\")\n",
      "else:\n",
      "    print(\"NIE\")"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "NIE\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 18
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "### Kolekcje\n",
      "\n",
      "Opr\u00f3cz standardowych set\u00f3w, list i dict\u00f3w wiele przydatnych znajduje si\u0119 z module `collections` https://docs.python.org/3.4/library/collections.html.\n",
      "Przede wszystim polecam spojrze\u0107 na `namedtuple`."
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Klasy"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "class F(object):\n",
      "    def dodaj(self, a, b):\n",
      "        return a + b\n",
      "\n",
      "a = F()\n",
      "print(a.dodaj(1,2))"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "3\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 19
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "class Dodawacz(object):\n",
      "    def __init__(self, a):\n",
      "        self.a = a\n",
      "        \n",
      "    def dodaj(self, b):\n",
      "        return self.a + b\n",
      "    \n",
      "a = Dodawacz(5)\n",
      "print(a.dodaj(10))"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "15\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 20
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Iteratory"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "def urange(n):\n",
      "    while n > 0:\n",
      "        yield n\n",
      "        n -= 1\n",
      "        \n",
      "print(type(urange(10)))\n",
      "for i in urange(10):\n",
      "    print(i)"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "<class 'generator'>\n",
        "10\n",
        "9\n",
        "8\n",
        "7\n",
        "6\n",
        "5\n",
        "4\n",
        "3\n",
        "2\n",
        "1\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 21
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "def rrange(n):\n",
      "    class RRange(object):\n",
      "        def __init__(self, n):\n",
      "            self.n = n\n",
      "            \n",
      "        def __iter__(self):\n",
      "            return self\n",
      "            #return range(10).__iter__()\n",
      "            \n",
      "        def __next__(self):\n",
      "            if self.n <= 0:\n",
      "                raise StopIteration\n",
      "            n = self.n\n",
      "            self.n -= 1\n",
      "            return n\n",
      "            \n",
      "    return RRange(n)\n",
      "\n",
      "print(type(rrange(10)))\n",
      "\n",
      "for i in rrange(10):\n",
      "    print(i)"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "<class '__main__.rrange.<locals>.RRange'>\n",
        "10\n",
        "9\n",
        "8\n",
        "7\n",
        "6\n",
        "5\n",
        "4\n",
        "3\n",
        "2\n",
        "1\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 22
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "### Obiekt `locals`\n",
      "\n",
      "Do obiektu `locals` analogiczny jest obiekt `globals`."
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "def f():\n",
      "    a = 10\n",
      "    b = 5\n",
      "    return locals()\n",
      "\n",
      "x = f()\n",
      "print(x['a'])"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "10\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 23
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "Metody instancji, klasy i statyczne"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "class PPP(object):\n",
      "    def public(self):\n",
      "        pass\n",
      "    \n",
      "    def _protected(self):\n",
      "        pass\n",
      "    \n",
      "    def __pivate(self):\n",
      "        pass"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [],
     "prompt_number": 24
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "class StaticMethods(object):\n",
      "    @staticmethod\n",
      "    def func(a, b):\n",
      "        \"dokumentcja funkcji\"\n",
      "        return a + b\n",
      "    \n",
      "print(StaticMethods.func(2,4))\n",
      "print(StaticMethods.func.__doc__)"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "6\n",
        "dokumentcja funkcji\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 25
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "class CM(object):\n",
      "    a = {'a': 10}\n",
      "\n",
      "    @classmethod\n",
      "    def f(cls):\n",
      "        print(cls, cls.a)\n",
      "\n",
      "    def inc_a(self):\n",
      "        self.a['a'] += 1\n",
      "        return self.a['a']\n",
      "\n",
      "CM.f()\n",
      "\n",
      "a = CM()\n",
      "b = CM()\n",
      "\n",
      "print(a.inc_a())\n",
      "print(b.inc_a())"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "<class '__main__.CM'> {'a': 10}\n",
        "11\n",
        "12\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 26
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": [
      "### Przeci\u0105\u017canie operator\u00f3w\n",
      "\n",
      "Najbardziej og\u00f3lnie: https://docs.python.org/3.4/reference/datamodel.html#special-method-names\n",
      "\n",
      "Co do samych operator\u00f3w arytmetycznych: https://docs.python.org/3.4/reference/datamodel.html#emulating-numeric-types"
     ]
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [
      "class Liczba(object):\n",
      "    def __init__(self, n):\n",
      "        super().__init__()\n",
      "        self.n = n\n",
      "\n",
      "    def __add__(self, rhs):\n",
      "        if type(rhs) is not Liczba:\n",
      "            rhs = Liczba(rhs)\n",
      "        return Liczba(self.n + rhs.n)\n",
      "    \n",
      "    def __radd__(self, lhs):\n",
      "        return self + lhs\n",
      "\n",
      "    def __str__(self):\n",
      "        return str(self.n)\n",
      "    \n",
      "    def __iadd__(self, n):\n",
      "        print(\"asd\")\n",
      "        self.n += n\n",
      "        return self\n",
      "    \n",
      "    def __getitem__(self, n):\n",
      "        return (self.n & (1 << n)) >> n\n",
      "\n",
      "    def __iter__(self):\n",
      "        for i in range(10):\n",
      "            yield self[i]\n",
      "    \n",
      "a = Liczba(2)\n",
      "b = Liczba(3)\n",
      "\n",
      "print(a)\n",
      "a += 2\n",
      "print(a)\n",
      "\n",
      "print(a + b)\n",
      "print(a + 9)\n",
      "print(9 + a)\n",
      "\n",
      "print(a[0], a[1])\n",
      "\n",
      "print(list(a))"
     ],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": [
        "2\n",
        "asd\n",
        "4\n",
        "7\n",
        "13\n",
        "13\n",
        "0 0\n",
        "[0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]\n"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 27
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": [],
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [],
     "prompt_number": 27
    }
   ],
   "metadata": {}
  }
 ]
}

Python part 3.ipynb

Python part 4.ipynb