c#-in-a-nutshell

c#

// Check out https://www.microsoft.com/net/tutorials/csharp/getting-started for the comprehensive tutorial.


using System;

// In C#, a namespace is a scope in which developers organize their code,
// and you've been using them throughout the previous lessons.
namespace GettingStartedWithCSharp {
  public class Program {
      public static void Main() {
          // Basic for loop.
          for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
              Console.WriteLine(i);
          }

          var myList = new List<string>(){ "one", "two", "three" };
          foreach (var item in myList) {
            Console.WriteLine(item);
          }

           // Holds 3 elements, with indexes of 0, 1, and 2.
          int[] someIntegers = new int[3];

          // Initializes the values of the array.
          int[] moreIntegers = new int[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 }; 

          // You can omit `int` and just specify []; type is inferred.
          int[] otherIntegers = new [] { 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 }; 
          
          // Exception handling.
          try {
            int sum = SumNumberStrings(new List<string> {"5", "4"});
            Console.WriteLine(sum);
          } catch (System.FormatException) {
            Console.WriteLine("List of numbers contained an invalid entry.");
          }
      }
  }
}

// Classes have members, which consist of methods, properties, and fields.
// You should rarely expose fields from your classes, and instead use properties
// to control external access to your object's state. 
public class Speedometer {
    private int _currentSpeed;
    public int CurrentSpeed {
        get {
            return _currentSpeed;
        }
        set  {
            if (value < 0) return;
            if (value > 120) return;
            
            // Value is a keyword used in setters representing the new value.
            _currentSpeed = value; 
        }
    }
}