Instalação Ubuntu Gnome 16.04 - by Phackwer (easy use)

0 - Instalação Ubuntu Gnome - by Phackwer (easy use)

Este guia tem por objetivo facilitar a minha vida para ter o meu ambiente restaurado ou construído do zero, mas pode ser utilizado por qualquer outra pessoa que goste de um ubuntu ainda mais fácil para utilizar no desenvolvimento de aplicações PHP com repositórios Git. Não estão colocados aqui detalhes sobre instalação de banco de dados, e o hardwar alvo é um macbook pro 17" i7 com HD SSD.

COLOCANDO UM SAY COMO DO MAC NO LINUX

sudo apt-get install gnustep-gui-runtime
say "hello"

1 - Install Ubuntu Unity LTS - Update and upgrade
2 - Install Nvidia driver and reboot
3 - Install Gnome Desktop over Ubuntu
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3-staging
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3
sudo apt update
sudo apt dist-upgrade
sudo apt install ubuntu-gnome-desktop


-----Ignore este bloco a partir deste ponto e pule para o item 1
-----Utilizado apenas para anotações rápidas.

Revisar: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Multitouch/AppleMagicTrackpad
sudo apt-get install gsynaptics
gpointing-device-settings


JAVA DA SUN:

You'll have to install Oracle JDK 8 (Oracle Java SE Development Kit 8) in order to make it work: you can get the latest version here, or you can download it from the webupd8 Java repository:

Add the webupd8 Java repository to apt: sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
Update the apt cache: sudo apt-get update
Install Oracle JDK 8: sudo apt-get install oracle-java8-installer
Then when prompted for a JDK installation provide the Oracle JDK 8 installation path, which is either the path you chose during the manual installation or the default path for the version installed via the webupd8 repository, which is 

COLOCAR SYNC DE HORA EM HORA NO CRON!
http://blog.midnightmonk.com/225/linux/free-up-and-release-unused-or-cached-memory.shtml

Corrigir o bug do login duplicado.

sudo apt-get remove gnome-screensaver

1 - Configurações pessoais

1 - Instalar o Ubuntu Gnome
2 - Ao logar coloque o mouse para modo naturall
3 - Ao logar, instalar as seguintes extensões gnome usando o Firefox:
  https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/19/user-themes/
  https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/307/dash-to-dock/
  https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/118/no-topleft-hot-corner/
  https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/844/maximus-two/ ou
  https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/723/pixel-saver/
  https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/616/insensitive-message-tray/
  https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/967/hide-legacy-tray/
4 - Fazer as seguintes configurações no Dash to Dock:
  Em Position and Size:
      - Aumente o tamanho dos ícones (80px)
      - Mude o autohide:
        - Desative o push
        - Desative o dodge windows
  Em Behaviour, desmarque o scroll para desktops
  Em Appearance, não utilize o tema built-in
5 - Instale a extensão HTitle no Firefox (https://addons.mozilla.org/pt-br/firefox/addon/htitle/)
6 - Execute os script abaixo Pessoal para instalar todos os softwares necessários
7 - Execute o Tweak Tool, altere o tema da janela e gtk para vertex-dark e os ícones para mbuntu-os-y
8 - Baixe o Sublime 3 do link http://www.sublimetext.com/3 e siga a configuração explicada aqui: https://gist.github.com/phackwer/2bd92058a7dc8d68a35f
9 - Execute a parte da Xys/PHP
10 - Instale a parte referente ao Oracle
11 - Instale o Chrome 
12 - Instale o reFind: http://sourceforge.net/projects/refind/files/latest/download
13 - Execute o script em /usr/share/refind(versao)/install.sh
14 - Instale o fish shell
15 - Coloque suporte para o exFat para poder espetar HDs de terceiros que só usam Windows.
16 - Instale o Pulse Equalizer


 Install Monochrome icons for Libreoffice:

Human icons are default in LibreOffice which kind of look weird with this transformation pack, to make LibreOffice more elegant with monochrome icons follow these instructions.

Enter following commands to install monochrome icons for libreoffice.
Terminal Command:
sudo apt-get install libreoffice-style-sifr
After installation go to LibreOffice menu select "Tools" > "Options" > "LibreOffice" > "View" and select "Sifr" under "Icon size and style"

10 - Bug da realtek - som no fone de ouvido e alto falante

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ubuntu-audio-dev/alsa-daily
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install 'alsa*'
sudo apt-get autoremove pulseaudio
sudo apt-get install gnome-alsamixer

2 - Software Pessoal

# FIRST FIX CECEDILHA
cd /usr/share/X11/locale/$LANG
sudo cp Compose Compose-backup
sudo gedit Compose
# then search and replace "ć" by "ç" and "Ć" by "Ç".

cd

sudo apt-get update
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:snwh/pulp
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:noobslab/themes
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:noobslab/icons
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ravefinity-project/ppa

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install terminator build-essential curl git oracle-java8-installer \
fish exfat-fuse exfat-utils pulseaudio-equalizer bchunk \
meld rabbitvcs-nautilus rabbitvcs-cli rabbitvcs-gedit \
paper-gtk-theme paper-icon-theme ambiance-flat-colors radiance-flat-colors epiphany-browser \
arc-theme arc-icons intel-microcode \
ttf-mscorefonts-installer ubuntu-restricted-extras gtk2-engines*
# java path /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle
# uso bchunk arquivo.bin arquivo.cue arquivo.iso
chsh -s /usr/bin/fish
sudo -i gedit /etc/default/apport
enabled=0
sudo service apport stop

NodeJS com PPA:
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_6.x -o nodesource_setup.sh
sudo bash nodesource_setup.sh
sudo apt-get install nodejs
sudo npm install -g gulp jshint jscs csslint js-beautify

Instalaćão do NodeJS com NVM:

curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/v0.16.1/install.sh | sh
bash
nvm ls-remote
nvm install 6.9.1
nvm use 6.9.1
nvm alias default 6.9.1
nvm use default
npm install -g gulp jshint jscs csslint js-beautify
sudo ln -s /home/`whoami`/.nvm/v6.9.1/bin/node /usr/local/bin/node
sudo ln -s /home/`whoami`/.nvm/v6.9.1/bin/npm /usr/local/bin/npm
sudo ln -s /home/`whoami`/.nvm/v6.9.1/bin/gulp /usr/local/bin/gulp
sudo ln -s /home/`whoami`/.nvm/v6.9.1/bin/jshint /usr/local/bin/jshint
sudo ln -s /home/`whoami`/.nvm/v6.9.1/bin/jscs /usr/local/bin/jscs
sudo ln -s /home/`whoami`/.nvm/v6.9.1/bin/csslint /usr/local/bin/csslint
sudo ln -s /home/`whoami`/.nvm/v6.9.1/bin/js-beautify /usr/local/bin/js-beautify

# Flash player
Flash is GTK+2 and Epiphany is GTK+3...that's the problem.

sudo apt-get install flashplugin-installer
sudo apt-get install nspluginwrapper
sudo nspluginwrapper -i /usr/lib/flashplugin-installer/libflashplayer.so
nspluginwrapper -v -a -n -i

3 - Ambiente Dev-PHP

Adicione os repositorios abaixo utilizando o Sooftware & Update Settings

deb [arch=amd64] http://fr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main
deb [arch=amd64] http://fr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main universe
deb [arch=amd64] http://fr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main
deb [arch=amd64] http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main
deb [arch=amd64] http://fr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main universe

# add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
# apt-get update

Phalcony
========================================

curl -s https://packagecloud.io/install/repositories/phalcon/stable/script.deb.sh | sudo bash

sudo apt-get install -y gearman redis-server \
imagemagick libmagickwand-dev libpcre3 libpcre3-dev \
php7.0 php7.0-mcrypt php7.0-mbstring php7.0-dev php7.0-mysql php7.0-odbc \
php7.0-json php7.0-bcmath php7.0-fpm php7.0-gd php7.0-intl php7.0-xml \
php7.0-pgsql php7.0-curl php7.0-gd php7.0-phalcon php7.0-sqlite3 libyaml-dev \
php7.0-gearman

sudo pecl install yaml-2.0.0

sudo ln -s /etc/php/7.0/mods-available/mcrypt.ini /etc/php/7.0/cli/conf.d/20-mcrypt.ini
sudo ln -s /etc/php/7.0/mods-available/mcrypt.ini /etc/php/7.0/apache2/conf.d/20-mcrypt.ini
sudo touch /etc/php/7.0/mods-available/mycfg.ini
sudo echo 'date.timezone = Europe/London' >> /etc/php/7.0/mods-available/mycfg.ini
sudo echo 'always_populate_raw_post_data = -1' >> /etc/php/7.0/mods-available/mycfg.ini
sudo ln -s /etc/php/7.0/mods-available/mycfg.ini /etc/php/7.0/cli/conf.d/20-mycfg.ini
sudo ln -s /etc/php/7.0/mods-available/mycfg.ini /etc/php/7.0/fpm/conf.d/20-mycfg.ini

touch /etc/php/7.0/mods-available/yaml.ini
sudo echo 'extension=yaml.so' > /etc/php/7.0/mods-available/yaml.ini
sudo ln -s /etc/php/7.0/mods-available/yaml.ini /etc/php/7.0/cli/conf.d/30-yaml.ini
sudo ln -s /etc/php/7.0/mods-available/yaml.ini /etc/php/7.0/fpm/conf.d/30-yaml.ini

wget https://getcomposer.org/installer
php installer
mv composer.phar /usr/bin/composer

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y mysql-server
sudo mysql_secure_installation

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y nginx

sudo sed -i -e 's/\;cgi.fix_pathinfo=1/cgi.fix_pathinfo=0/g'  /etc/php/7.0/fpm/php.ini 

sudo sed -i -e 's/listen.owner = www-data/listen.owner = `whoami`/g' /etc/php/7.0/fpm/pool.d/www.conf 
sudo sed -i -e 's/listen.group = www-data/listen.group = `whoami`/g' /etc/php/7.0/fpm/pool.d/www.conf 
sudo sed -i -e 's/user = www-data/user = `whoami`/g' /etc/php/7.0/fpm/pool.d/www.conf 
sudo sed -i -e 's/group = www-data/group = `whoami`/g' /etc/php/7.0/fpm/pool.d/www.conf 

sudo sed -i -e 's/user www-data/user `whoami`/g' /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

sudo echo 'server {
  listen 80 default_server;
  listen [::]:80 default_server;
  root /var/www/html;

  index index.php index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;

  server_name _;

  location / {
    try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
    fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock
    fastcgi_index index.php;
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    include fastcgi_params;
  }
}' > /etc/nginx/sites-available/default

=========
Xdebug

sudo su
apt-get install php-xdebug
echo 'xdebug.remote_enable=1' >> /etc/php/7.0/cli/conf.d/20-xdebug.ini
echo 'xdebug.remote_handler=dbgp' >> /etc/php/7.0/cli/conf.d/20-xdebug.ini
echo 'xdebug.remote_mode=req' >> /etc/php/7.0/cli/conf.d/20-xdebug.ini
echo 'xdebug.remote_host=127.0.0.1' >> /etc/php/7.0/cli/conf.d/20-xdebug.ini
echo 'xdebug.remote_port=9000' >> /etc/php/7.0/cli/conf.d/20-xdebug.ini
service nginx restart

=========
TimezoneDB

pecl install timezonedb
echo 'extension=timezonedb.so' > /etc/php/7.0/mods-available/timezonedb.ini
ln -s /etc/php/7.0/mods-available/timezonedb.ini /etc/php/7.0/cli/conf.d/
ln -s /etc/php/7.0/mods-available/timezonedb.ini /etc/php/7.0/fpm/conf.d/
service php7.0-fpm restart

=========
Elasticsearch and Logstash

wget https://download.elastic.co/elasticsearch/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-1.7.3.deb && sudo dpkg -i elasticsearch-1.7.3.deb
wget -qO - https://packages.elasticsearch.org/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch | sudo apt-key add -;
echo "deb http://packages.elasticsearch.org/logstash/1.5/debian stable main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list;
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install logstash;

==========
Docker

sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates
curl -fsSL https://yum.dockerproject.org/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
sudo add-apt-repository \
       "deb https://apt.dockerproject.org/repo/ \
       ubuntu-$(lsb_release -cs) \
       main"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get -y install docker-engine


# Simples Docker UI
docker pull jarkt/docker-remote-api
docker run -d -p 2375:2375 -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock --name docker-remote-api jarkt/docker-remote-api

# Edit
vi /etc/rc.local
# Add before exit 0 /usr/bin/docker start docker-remote-api
# Enable rc.local on boot:

 sudo update-rc.d rc.local enable
 ou 
 sudo systemctl enable rc-local

4 - Configurações Ambiente Dev-PHP

sudo gedit /etc/init/redis-server.conf

# Coloque o seguinte conteúdo no arquivo:

description "redis server"
start on runlevel [23]
stop on shutdown
exec sudo -u redis /usr/bin/redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf
respaw

sudo service redis-server start
sudo update-rc.d redis-server defaults;
sudo update-rc.d redis-server enable;

sudo gedit /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml

# Descomente estas três linhas e defina os valores como abaixo
node.master: true
discovery.zen.ping.multicast.enabled: false
discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["localhost"]
# Altere este valor
network.bind_host: localhost
# Adicione este valor
script.disable_dynamic: true

sudo update-rc.d elasticsearch defaults 95 10
sudo /etc/init.d/elasticsearch start

#old
#sudo service elasticsearch start
#sudo update-rc.d elasticsearch defaults;
#sudo update-rc.d elasticsearch enable;

sudo gedit /etc/logstash/conf.d/logstash.conf

#Adicione o conteúdo abaixo:
input {
   redis {
       host => "localhost"
       port => 6379
       db => 1
       key => "CoreAnalytics_PageViews"
       type => "AnalyticsPageViews"
       data_type => "list"
   }

   redis {
       host => "localhost"
       port => 6379
       db => 1
       key => "CoreAnalytics_Login"
       type => "AnalyticsLogin"
       data_type => "list"
   }
}

output {
   elasticsearch {
       protocol => "http"
       host => "localhost"
       port => 9200
       index => "qware.analytics"
   }
}

sudo gedit /etc/rc.local
(Adicione)
/usr/sbin/service elasticsearch start

sudo gedit /etc/freetds/freetds.conf

[xcorp]
        host = xyssrv07.xys.com.br
        port = 1433
        tds version = 8.0
        client charset = UTF-8

sudo su        
touch sudo touch /etc/php5/mods-available/redis-session.ini
echo 'session.save_handler = redis' >> /etc/php5/mods-available/redis-session.ini
ln -s /etc/php5/mods-available/redis-session.ini /etc/php5/apache2/conf.d/

5 - Conexão Oracle no PHP

Baixe o zip Instant Client Package - Basic e o Instant Client Package - SDK do site:
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/linuxx86-64soft-092277.html
execute os comandos abaixo de acordo com a versão baixada (neste exemplo foi utilizado o 12_1):

cd ~/Downloads
unzip instantclient-basiclite-linux.x64-12.1.0.2.0.zip
unzip instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-12.1.0.2.0.zip 
cd instantclient_12_1
sudo mkdir /usr/lib/oracle
sudo mkdir /usr/lib/oracle/12_1
sudo mkdir /usr/lib/oracle/12_1/client64/
sudo mkdir /usr/lib/oracle/12_1/client64/lib
sudo mv * /usr/lib/oracle/12_1/client64/lib
cd /usr/lib/oracle/12_1/client64/lib
sudo ln -s libclntsh.so.12.1 libclntsh.so
sudo ln -s libocci.so.12.1 libocci.so
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/oracle/12_1/client64/lib/*.so /usr/local/lib/
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/oracle/12_1/client64/lib/*.so.12.1 /usr/local/lib/
export ORACLE_HOME=/usr/lib/oracle/12_1/client64
sudo pecl install oci8-2.0.10
sudo touch /etc/php5/mods-available/oci8.ini
sudo echo 'extension=oci8.so' >> /etc/php5/mods-available/oci8.ini
sudo ln -s /etc/php5/mods-available/oci8.ini /etc/php5/cli/conf.d/20-oci8.ini
sudo ln -s /etc/php5/mods-available/oci8.ini /etc/php5/apache2/conf.d/20-oci8.ini

6 - Trim SSD

Caso você use SSD, ative o trim para que o sistema rode mais rápido (ref: http://www.edivaldobrito.com.br/como-ativar-o-trim-em-discos-ssd-no-ubuntu-linux/ )
Para ativar e usar o TRIM em discos SSD no Ubuntu Linux, faça o seguinte:
Passo 1. Se não estiver aberto, execute um terminal usando o Dash ou pressionando as teclas CTRL+ALT+T;
Passo 2. Confirme se você tem um SSD como o comando abaixo. Se o resultado for 0 você tem um SSD, mas se for 1 que é um HDD:
cat /sys/block/sda/queue/rotational 
ou
cat /sys/block/sdb/queue/rotational

Passo 3. Mesmo se você tiver um SSD, nem todos eles suportam o TRIM. Para saber se o seu suporta executado o comando a seguir:
sudo hdparm -I /dev/sda | grep "TRIM supported" 
ou 
sudo hdparm -I /dev/sdb | grep "TRIM supported"

Passo 4. Se o retorno for igual a mensagem abaixo, então você pode seguir adiante. Se não houver nenhuma saída, isso significa que seu SSD não suporta TRIM.
Data Set Management TRIM supported

Passo 5. Agora execute o comando, conforme abaixo:
sudo fstrim -v /

Passo 6. Você deve ver uma saída, parecida com isso:
/: 87781376 bytes were trimmed

Passo 7. Se tudo correu bem, é hora de programar o cron para executar o fstrim uma vez por dia, para isso, crie um arquivo com esse comando:
sudo gedit /etc/cron.daily/trim

Passo 8. Copie e cole as linhas abaixo no arquivo criado e salve-o. Em seguida, feche o gedit:
#!/bin/sh
LOG=/var/log/trim.log
echo "*** $(date -R) ***" >> $LOG
fstrim -v / >> $LOG

Passo 9. Agora torne o script executável com o comando abaixo:
sudo chmod +x /etc/cron.daily/trimsudo chmod +x /etc/cron.daily/trim

Pronto. Agora seu sistema está com o TRIM habilitado.

7 - STEAM!!!

sudo apt-get install steam
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:oibaf/graphics-drivers
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

E, por algum motivo, isto:

cd $HOME/.steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu
mv libstdc++.so.6 libstdc++.so.6.bak
cd $HOME/.steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/amd64/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
mv libstdc++.so.6 libstdc++.so.6.bak

8 - Utilizando o git

Configurando o git para armazenar a autenticação global:

$ git config --global credential.helper store

Utilizando o Meld como diff ou merge tool

$ git difftool -t meld
$ git mergetol -t meld

9 - pgmodeler

Faça checkout do fonte:

git clone https://github.com/pgmodeler/pgmodeler
cd pgmodeler

Agora instale os requerimentos:

sudo apt-get install qtbase5-dev qttools5-dev-tools qt5-default postgresql-server-dev* libxml2-dev* libqt5svg5* clang "^libxcb.*" libx11-xcb-dev libglu1-mesa-dev libxrender-dev


E finalmente:
sudo ./linuxdeploy.sh

Ou então, caso tenha erros: 

qmake -r -spec linux-clan PREFIX=/opt/pgmodeler BINDIR=/opt/pgmodeler PRIVATEBINDIR=/opt/pgmodeler PRIVATELIBDIR=/opt/pgmodeler/lib LANGDIR=/opt/pgmodeler/lang SAMPLESDIR=/opt/pgmodeler/samples SCHEMASDIR=/opt/pgmodeler/schemas PLUGINSDIR=/opt/pgmodeler/plugins CONFDIR=/opt/pgmodeler/conf DOCDIR=/opt/pgmodeler SHAREDIR=/opt/pgmodeler TEMPDIR=/opt/pgmodeler/tmp
make && sudo make install

98

http://askubuntu.com/questions/150887/sound-from-both-headphones-and-speakers

options snd-hda-intel model=laptop
options snd-hda-intel position_fix=1 enable=yes

dpkg -l | grep 'alsa-'
apt-get install --reinstall  alsa-base alsa-utils


========
http://askubuntu.com/questions/132440/headphone-jack-not-working

Finally got Headphones to work ! Follow this ----- (Dell)

This is it :


Run the following command into the Terminal:

gksudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf
Scroll down and add these lines to the end of the file:

#Keep snd-pcsp from being loaded as first soundcard
options snd-pcsp index=-2
alias snd-card-0 snd-hda-intel
alias sound-slot-0 snd-hda-intel
options snd-hda-intel model=dell-m6-amic
Then, save , reboot and test sound using headphones and speakers.

40
down vote
I had the same problem. Following these instructions got my headphones working.

Open the terminal and enter the following commands:

cd /usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/paths/
sudo cp analog-output-headphones.conf analog-output-headphones.bak
sudo nano analog-output-headphones.conf
Look for the section called [Element Speaker] and change it so that it looks like this:

[Element Speaker]
switch = on
volume = ignore
Save the changes and exit nano.

Create a backup of the corrected analog-output-headphones.conf:

sudo cp analog-output-headphones.conf analog-output-headphones.fixed
Now you can restore the fix if a future installation or update overwrites it.

Reboot.

After rebooting, you may need to remove and reinsert the headphone plug to get it to work. After it's working, though, you will be able to remove and insert the plug, and behavior will be as expected.

99 - Boost cooler

Install the lm-sensors Install lm-sensors and fancontrol Install fancontrol packages.
Configure lm-sensors
In terminal type sudo sensors-detect and answer YES to all YES/no questions.
At the end of sensors-detect, a list of modules that need to be loaded will be displayed. Type "yes" to have sensors-detect insert those modules into /etc/modules, or edit /etc/modules yourself.
Run sudo service module-init-tools restart. This will read the changes you made to /etc/modules in step 3, and insert the new modules into the kernel.
Note: If you're running Ubuntu 13.04 or higher, this 3rd step command should be replaced by sudo service kmod start.
Configure fancontrol
In terminal type sudo pwmconfig . This script will stop each fan for 5 seconds to find out which fans can be controlled by which PWM handle. After script loops through all fans, you can configure which fan corresponds to which temperature.
In my case I set interval to 2 seconds.
Set up fancontrol service
Run sudo service fancontrol start. This will also make the fancontrol service run automatically at system startup.
In my case for CPU I used:

Settings for hwmon0/device/pwm2:  
Depends on hwmon0/device/temp2_input  
Controls hwmon0/device/fan2_input  
MINTEMP=40  
MAXTEMP=60  
MINSTART=150  
MINSTOP=0  
MINPWM=0  
MAXPWM=255