Backup a docker-compose project, including all images, named and unnamed volumes, container filesystems, config, logs, and databases.

docker-compose-backup.sh

#!/usr/bin/env bash

### Bash Environment Setup
# http://redsymbol.net/articles/unofficial-bash-strict-mode/
# https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/The-Set-Builtin.html
# set -o xtrace
set -o errexit
set -o errtrace
set -o nounset
set -o pipefail
IFS=$'\n'

# Fully backup a docker-compose project, including all images, named and unnamed volumes, container filesystems, config, logs, and databases. 
project_dir="${1:-$PWD}"
if [ -f "$project_dir/docker-compose.yml" ]; then
    echo "[i] Found docker-compose config at $project_dir/docker-compose.yml"
else
    echo "[X] Could not find a docker-compose.yml file in $project_dir"
    exit 1
fi

project_name=$(basename "$project_dir")
backup_time=$(date +"%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M")
backup_dir="$project_dir/data/backups/$backup_time"

# Source any needed environment variables
[ -f "$project_dir/docker-compose.env" ] && source "$project_dir/docker-compose.env"
[ -f "$project_dir/.env" ] && source "$project_dir/.env"


echo "[+] Backing up $project_name project to $backup_dir"
mkdir -p "$backup_dir"

echo "    - Saving docker-compose.yml config"
cp "$project_dir/docker-compose.yml" "$backup_dir/docker-compose.yml"

# Optional: pause the containers before backing up to ensure consistency
# docker compose pause

# Optional: run a command inside the contianer to dump your application's state/database to a stable file
echo "    - Saving application state to ./dumps"
mkdir -p "$backup_dir/dumps"
# your database/stateful service export commands to run inside docker go here, e.g.
#   docker compose exec postgres env PGPASSWORD="$POSTGRES_PASSWORD" pg_dump -U "$POSTGRES_USER" "$POSTGRES_DB" | gzip -9 > "$backup_dir/dumps/$POSTGRES_DB.sql.gz"
#   docker compose exec redis redis-cli SAVE
#   docker compose exec redis cat /data/dump.rdb | gzip -9 > "$backup_dir/dumps/redis.rdb.gz"

for service_name in $(docker compose config --services); do
    image_id=$(docker compose images -q "$service_name")
    image_name=$(docker image inspect --format '{{json .RepoTags}}' "$image_id" | jq -r '.[0]')
    container_id=$(docker compose ps -q "$service_name")

    service_dir="$backup_dir/$service_name"
    echo "[*] Backing up ${project_name}__${service_name} to ./$service_name..."
    mkdir -p "$service_dir"
    
    # save image
    echo "    - Saving $image_name image to ./$service_name/image.tar"
    docker save --output "$service_dir/image.tar" "$image_id"
    
    if [[ -z "$container_id" ]]; then
        echo "    - Warning: $service_name has no container yet."
        echo "         (has it been started at least once?)"
        continue
    fi

    # save config
    echo "    - Saving container config to ./$service_name/config.json"
    docker inspect "$container_id" > "$service_dir/config.json"

    # save logs
    echo "    - Saving stdout/stderr logs to ./$service_name/docker.{out,err}"
    docker logs "$container_id" > "$service_dir/docker.out" 2> "$service_dir/docker.err"

    # save data volumes
    mkdir -p "$service_dir/volumes"
    for source in $(docker inspect -f '{{range .Mounts}}{{println .Source}}{{end}}' "$container_id"); do
        volume_dir="$service_dir/volumes$source"
        echo "    - Saving $source volume to ./$service_name/volumes$source"
        mkdir -p $(dirname "$volume_dir")
        cp -a -r "$source" "$volume_dir"
    done

    # save container filesystem
    echo "    - Saving container filesystem to ./$service_name/container.tar"
    docker export --output "$service_dir/container.tar" "$container_id"

    # save entire container root dir
    echo "    - Saving container root to $service_dir/root"
    cp -a -r "/var/lib/docker/containers/$container_id" "$service_dir/root"
done

echo "[*] Compressing backup folder to $backup_dir.tar.gz"
tar -zcf "$backup_dir.tar.gz" --totals "$backup_dir" && rm -Rf "$backup_dir"

echo "[√] Finished Backing up $project_name to $backup_dir.tar.gz."

# Resume the containers if paused above
# docker compose unpause

@pirate i need your help, i customized the script and executed the one you shared as is, and my docker is gone, how do i reverse this

Awsome script, could you edit it so you can add environment variables for containers in the docker compose file so you can specify if you want to make backups of the attached volumes or not? For Example when backing-up Plex i dont want to backup the volume that contains my music and movies.

I add this feature : https://gist.github.com/GeoHolz/ee9362c82ee13f8a5690d86d6ec7bb0c
Thanks pirate !