piyoki/fedora-desktop-setup.md

## fedora-desktop-setup.md

      
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              fedora-desktop-setup.md
            
          
    Fedora BSPWM Setup


Softwares
Bootsrap
Configure
Install dev-toolkit
Post installation
Device management
Theme customization
Further reading

Softwares


bspwm (window manager)
alacritty (terminal emulator)
picom (graphical compositor)
xorg (graphic server)
lightdm (display manager)
arandr (display config management)
lxapperance (theme manager)
nitrogen (background manager)
polybar (status bar)
rofi (application launcher)
sxhkd (hotkey manager)
thunar (file manager)
brave (web browser)
microsoft-edge (web browser)
dunst (notification manager)
spectacle (screenshot tool)
ark (archive manager)
xcfe4-power-manager (power manager)
solaar (device manager)
copyq (clipboard manager)

Bootstrap

Start from Fedora Server, available at https://getfedora.org/en/server/download/
Configure Fedora source


https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/help/fedora.html
sudo sed -e 's|^metalink=|#metalink=|g' \
         -e 's|^#baseurl=http://download.example/pub/fedora/linux|baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/fedora|g' \
         -i.bak \
         /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora.repo \
         /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-modular.repo \
         /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-updates.repo \
         /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-updates-modular.repo

Bootstrap dnf


# /etc/dnf/dnf.conf
max_parallel_downloads=10
fastestmirror=True
defaultyes=True
keepcache=True

sudo dnf update

Install rpmfusion


https://rpmfusion.org/Configuration
sudo dnf install https://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-$(rpm -E %fedora).noarch.rpm
sudo dnf install https://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/fedora/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-$(rpm -E %fedora).noarch.rpm
sudo dnf config-manager --set-enabled rpmfusion-free
sudo dnf config-manager --set-enabled rpmfusion-nonfree

sudo dnf groupupdate core

Install essential packages


sudo dnf install bspwm lightdm git alacritty vim dconf-editor rofi thunar thunar-archive-plugin sxhkd arandr lxappearance picom nitrogen neofetch firefox polybar dunst xclip screenshot spectacle ark xcfe4-power-manager copyq

sudo systemctl enable lightdm
sudo systemctl set-default graphical.target

Install fonts


https://github.com/ryanoasis/nerd-fonts/releases
sudo dnf install fonttosfnt fontawesome5-brands-fonts fontawesome5-free-fonts ipa-gothic-fonts material-icons-fonts
mkdir -p $HOME/.fonts && cd $HOME/.fonts
wget https://github.com/ryanoasis/nerd-fonts/releases/download/v2.3.3/FiraCode.zip
wget https://github.com/ryanoasis/nerd-fonts/releases/download/v2.3.3/Hack.zip
wget https://github.com/ryanoasis/nerd-fonts/releases/download/v2.3.3/CascadiaCode.zip
unzip FiraCode.zip
unzip CascadiaCode.zip
unzip Hack.zip
rm -rf *.zip
fc-cache -vf
Chinese fonts
https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Localization/Simplified_Chinese#Install_fonts
sudo dnf install adobe-source-han-sans-tw-fonts adobe-source-han-sans-cn-fonts adobe-source-han-serif-cn-fonts

Configuration

Copy default config


mkdir -p ~/.config/bspwm
mkdir -p ~/.config/sxhkd
cp /usr/share/doc/bspwm/examples/bspwmrc ~/.config/bspwm/
cp /usr/share/doc/bspwm/examples/sxhkdrc  ~/.config/sxhkd/
sudo systemctl restart lightdm

Setup autologin


https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/SDDM
# /etc/sddm.conf
# Name of session file for autologin session
Session=bspwm

# Username for autologin session
User=kev

---
# /etc/sddm.conf.d/autologin.conf
[Autologin]
User=kev
Session=bspwm

[X11]
EnableHiDPI=true

Setup screenlayouts


mkdir -p $HOME/.screenlayouts
arandr
# after arandr, save profile to $HOME/.screenlayout/default.sh, then add the following to shell
bash $HOME/.screenlayout/default.sh


Install dev-toolkit

Install compilation tools


sudo dnf install perl
sudo dnf install libdrm-devel systemd-devel pam-devel
sudo dnf install cmake ncurses-devel gcc-c++ git-delta

Install nodejs


sudo dnf install nodejs npm
# resolve root permission issue
mkdir $HOME/.npm-global
npm config set prefix '$HOME/.npm-global'
# add $HOME/.npm-global/bin to path

Install nvtop (gpu monitor)


Source: https://github.com/Syllo/nvtop#nvtop-build
sudo dnf install nvtop radeontop

Install homebrew


git clone https://github.com/Homebrew/brew ~/.linuxbrew/Homebrew
mkdir ~/.linuxbrew/bin
ln -s ~/.linuxbrew/Homebrew/bin/brew ~/.linuxbrew/bin
eval $(~/.linuxbrew/bin/brew shellenv)
brew update

Post installation

Power management


Reference: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Display_Power_Management_Signaling
sudo dnf install xfce4-power-manager
xfce4-power-manager-settings
# verify settings
xset q

Remap copy&paste


install copyq - https://github.com/hluk/CopyQ
sudo dnf install copyq
configure sxhkdrc
# $HOME/.sxhkd/sxhkdrc
# copy paste
super + c
	echo -n | copyq copy
super + v
	copyq paste

Configure lightdm


configure gtk-greeter
# /etc/lightdm/lightdm-gtk-greeter.conf

[greeter]
background=/usr/share/backgrounds/bg.jpg
font-name=FiraCode Nerd Font Mono 14
theme-name=Material-Black-Blueberry
icon-theme-name=Papirus-Dark
cursor-theme-name=Bibata-Modern-Ice
cursor-theme-size=48
xft-dpi=168

Configure fish shell


# install fish shell
sudo dnf install fish

# install oh-my-fish
curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/oh-my-fish/oh-my-fish/master/bin/install | fish

# install fisher
curl -sL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jorgebucaran/fisher/main/functions/fisher.fish | source && fisher install jorgebucaran/fisher

# set fish shell as default user shell
sudo usermod kev -s /usr/bin/fish

# set fish colorscheme
fisher install dracula/fish

# show custom user paths (optional)
echo $fish_user_paths
# add custom user paths
# add the following to $HOME/.config/fish/config.fish (put at the very top)
fish_add_path $HOME/local/bin
# remove custom user paths
set -e fish_user_paths[index]

Install docker


sudo dnf update
sudo dnf -y install dnf-plugins-core
sudo dnf config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/fedora/docker-ce.repo
sudo dnf install docker
pip3 install docker-compose
sudo systemctl enable docker --now
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER

Install media codec


https://rpmfusion.org/Howto/Multimedia
# install hardware accelerated codec
# amd
sudo dnf swap mesa-va-drivers mesa-va-drivers-freeworld
sudo dnf swap mesa-vdpau-drivers mesa-vdpau-drivers-freeworld
# intel
sudo dnf install intel-media-driver
# nvidia
sudo dnf install nvidia-vaapi-driver

# install additional codec
sudo dnf groupupdate multimedia --setop="install_weak_deps=False" --exclude=PackageKit-gstreamer-plugin
sudo dnf install gstreamer1-vaapi libva libva-v4l2-request libva-vdpau-driver
sudo dnf groupupdate sound-and-video
verify hardware status: chrome://gpu/

Basic firewall setup


sudo systemctl disable firewalld --now
sudo dnf install ufw
sudo systemctl enable ufw --now

sudo ufw limit 22/tcp
sudo ufw allow 80/tcp
sudo ufw allow 443/tcp
sudo ufw default deny incoming
sudo ufw default allow outgoing
sudo ufw enable
sudo ufw status

Install Network Manager


sudo dnf install NetworkManager NetworkManager-tui
nmtui

Enable flathub repo


sudo dnf install flatpak
sudo flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo

Install softwares from flathub


https://flathub.org/home

Note The flatpak configuratio is stored under $HOME/.local/share/flatpak. The configuration for individual apps is stored under $HOME/.var/app.

# anydesk
flatpak install flathub com.anydesk.Anydesk
# telegram
flatpak install flathub org.telegram.desktop
# spotify
flatpak install flathub com.spotify.Client
# vlc
flatpak install flathub org.videolan.VLC
# vscode
flatpak install flathub com.visualstudio.code
# obs
flatpak install flathub com.obsproject.Studio
# lens
flatpak install flathub dev.k8slens.OpenLens
# monitorets
flatpak install flathub io.github.jorchube.monitorets
# fluent-reader
flatpak install flathub me.hyliu.fluentreader
# video-downloader
flatpak install flathub com.github.unrud.VideoDownloader
# free-downloader-manager
flatpak install flathub org.freedownloadmanager.Manager
# yubikey-authenticator
flatpak install flathub com.yubico.yubioath
# boatswain (elgato stream deck controller)
flatpak install flathub com.feaneron.Boatswain

Install browser


Microsoft Edge
sudo rpm --import https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc
sudo dnf config-manager --add-repo https://packages.microsoft.com/yumrepos/edge
sudo dnf install microsoft-edge-stable
microsoft-edge -version
Brave
sudo rpm --import https://brave-browser-rpm-release.s3.brave.com/brave-core.asc
sudo dnf config-manager --add-repo https://brave-browser-rpm-release.s3.brave.com/x86_64/
sudo dnf install brave-browser
set default browser
xdg-settings set default-web-browser brave.desktop

Install ranger


sudo dnf install ranger
# install ueberzug (image preview)
sudo dnf install libx11-dev libXext-devel libXres-devel
sudo dnf install python3-pip python3-devel
pip3 install ueberzug-bak

Install Chinese inputs


https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Fcitx5#top-page
purge ibus
sudo dnf remove ibus
install fcitx5
sudo dnf install -y fcitx5 fcitx5-qt fcitx-gtk kcm-fcitx5 fcitx5-chinese-addons fcitx5-table-extra fcitx5-zhuyin
sudo alternatives --config xinputrc # choose fcitx5.

# $HOME/.xprofile
INPUT_METHOD=fcitx
XMODIFIERS=@im=fcitx5
QT_IM_MODULE=fcitx
SDL_IM_MODULE=fcitx
IMSETTINGS_MODULE=fcitx5
GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx

mkdir -p ~/.config/autostart/
ln -s /usr/share/applications/org.fcitx.Fcitx5.desktop ~/.config/autostart/
sudo reboot
if using wm, add the following
# $HOME/.config/bspwm/bspwmrc
fcitx5 &
verify envs
env | grep -i fcitx

Note To see if Fcitx5 is working correctly, open an application and press Ctrl+Space to switch between input methods (when configured), and input some words.


HiDPI setup


https://arimasou16.com/blog/2021/11/08/00434/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zz5qrUVAHX8
Global scale setup
# $HOME/.Xresources
Xft.dpi: 168
Xft.autohint: 0
Xft.lcdfilter: lcddefault
Xft.hintstyle: hintfull
Xft.hinting: 1
Xft.antialias: 1
Xft.rgba: rgb

# $HOME/.config/polybar/config
[bar/main]
width            = 100%
- height         = 30
+ height         = 60

# $HOME/.config/sxhkd/sxhkdrc
# program launcher
super + r
        rofi -show drun -show combi -dpi 144
Alternatively, export the followings to ~/.profile. It will enable factorial scaling at the application level.
# HiDPI
export QT_AUTO_SCREEN_SCALE_FACTOR=1.5
export QT_SCALE_FACTOR=1.5
export GDK_SCALE=1.5
export GDK_DPI_SCALE=1.5

Thunar plugins and addons


tumbler (external program to generate thumnails)
ffmpegthumbnailer (external program to generate video thumnails)
thunar-archive-plugin (create and extract archive files)
gnome-vfs2 (gnome virtual file system, show trashcan, removable media, and remote file systems)

Reference: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/thunar
sudo dnf install tumbler ffmpegthumbnailer thunar-archive-plugin gnome-vfs2

Install betterlockscreen


Source: https://github.com/betterlockscreen/betterlockscreen
install depedencies

i3lock-color

sudo dnf remove i3lock
sudo dnf install -y autoconf automake cairo-devel fontconfig gcc libev-devel libjpeg-turbo-devel libXinerama libxkbcommon-devel libxkbcommon-x11-devel libXrandr pam-devel pkgconf xcb-util-image-devel xcb-util-xrm-devel
git clone https://github.com/Raymo111/i3lock-color && cd i3lock-color
sudo sh install-i3lock-color.sh
install betterlockscreen
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/betterlockscreen/betterlockscreen/main/install.sh -O - -q | sudo bash -s system
usage
# generate lockscreen wallpaper
betterlockscreen -u ~/Pictures/wallpaper/bg.jpg --fx blur
# lock screen
betterlockscreen -l
enable systemd service
wget https://github.com/betterlockscreen/betterlockscreen/archive/refs/heads/main.zip
unzip main.zip
cd betterlockscreen-main
cp system/betterlockscreen@.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
sudo systemctl enable betterlockscreen@$USER --now
rm -rf betterlockscreen-main main.zip

Device Management

Install device manager


sudo dnf install solaar

Audio control


install dependencies
sudo dnf install pipewire pipewire-media-session pipewire-pulseaudio
control audio devices
# get current audio output
pactl list sinks short | awk -F '\t' '{print $1,$2,$5}'
# set audio output
pactl set-default-sink <sink #>
know issue: https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=2023940#p2023940
if video playback stops working after resuming from suspend state, then try killing the process
killall -9 pipewire

Adjust monitor brightness


https://man.archlinux.org/man/extra/ddcutil/ddcutil.1.en#setvcp
# install
sudo dnf install ddcutil

# identify all attached monitors.
sudo ddcutil detect

# query the luminosity value of the second monitor.
sudo ddctpp getvcp 10 --display 2

# set the luminosity value for the first display
sudo ddcutil setvcp 10 30 --display 1

Mouse adjustment


Reference: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Mouse_acceleration
# get list of devices pluggined in
xinput list
# get properties of a given device id
xinput list-props 10
# set specific property
xinput --set-prop "Logitech USB Receiver" "libinput Natural Scrolling Enabled" 1

Adjust keyboard repeat rate


sudo dnf install xset
xset r rate 200 25

Theme Customization

Adjust cursor theme


https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Cursor_themes
# prerequisites
sudo dnf install xsetroot

# $HOME/.config/gtk-3.0/settings.ini
gtk-cursor-theme-name=Bibata-Modern-Ice
gtk-cursor-theme-size=48

# $HOME/.icons/default/index.theme
[Icon Theme]
Name=Default
Comment=Default Cursor Theme
Inherits=Bibata-Modern-Ice

# $HOME/.Xresources
Xcursor.size: 48
Xcursor.theme: Bibata-Modern-Ice

# $HOME/.profile# cursor
export XCURSOR_THEME="Bibata-Modern-Ice"
export XCURSOR_SIZE=48

# $HOME/.config/bspwm/bspwmrc
xsetroot -cursor_name left_ptr

Custom theme


https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/GTK
https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Dark_mode_switching

get current theme
gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.interface gtk-theme
gsettings get org.gnome.desktop.interface icon-theme
set custom theme
# $HOME/.config/gtk-3.0/settings.ini
[Settings]
gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true

# $HOME/.profile
export GTK_THEME=Material-Black-Blueberry
export GTK_ICON_THEME=Papirus-Dark
export QT_STYLE_OVERRIDE=adwaita-dark
export QT_QPA_PLATFORMTHEME=gtk2
set theme manually
# overwrite current session variables
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface gtk-theme Material-Black-Blueberry
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface icon-theme Papirus-Dark

# alternatively apply ONLY to specific app
GTK_THEME=Material-Black-Blueberry thunar

Feh blur wallpaper


Source: https://github.com/rstacruz/feh-blur-wallpaper
# install depedencies
sudo dnf install GraphicsMagick wmctrl feh

# install feh-blur
wget https://github.com/rstacruz/feh-blur-wallpaper/raw/master/feh-blur
chmod +x ./feh-blur
install feh-blur $HOME/.local/bin
rm -f ./feh-blur

# usage
feh-blur --help

# save blur image
feh --bg-fill "$HOME/Pictures/wallpaper/bg.jpg"
feh-blur --no-animate --blur 24 --darken 0 --save-image ~/Pictures/wallpaper/bg-blur.jpg

Further reading


systemd: share environment variables with xorg


## fedora-hacks.md

      
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              fedora-hacks.md
            
          
    Fedora Hacks


Bootstrap dnf
Install rpmfusion
Remove local rpm pakcages
Install dev environment
Install GPU monitor)
Install homebrew
Adjust monitor brightness
KDE tweaks

DNF related

Configure Fedora source


https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/help/fedora.html
sudo sed -e 's|^metalink=|#metalink=|g' \
         -e 's|^#baseurl=http://download.example/pub/fedora/linux|baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/fedora|g' \
         -i.bak \
         /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora.repo \
         /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-modular.repo \
         /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-updates.repo \
         /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-updates-modular.repo

Bootstrap DNF


# /etc/dnf/dnf.conf
max_parallel_downloads=10
fastestmirror=True
defaultyes=True
keepcache=True

sudo dnf update

Clean up cache


sudo dnf clean all

Install rpmfusion

https://rpmfusion.org/Configuration
sudo dnf install https://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-$(rpm -E %fedora).noarch.rpm
sudo dnf install https://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/fedora/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-$(rpm -E %fedora).noarch.rpm
sudo dnf config-manager --set-enabled rpmfusion-free
sudo dnf config-manager --set-enabled rpmfusion-nonfree

sudo dnf groupupdate core
Install media codec

https://rpmfusion.org/Howto/Multimedia
# install hardware accelerated codec
# amd
sudo dnf swap mesa-va-drivers mesa-va-drivers-freeworld
sudo dnf swap mesa-vdpau-drivers mesa-vdpau-drivers-freeworld
# intel
sudo dnf install intel-media-driver
# nvidia
sudo dnf install nvidia-vaapi-driver

# install additional codec
sudo dnf groupupdate multimedia --setop="install_weak_deps=False" --exclude=PackageKit-gstreamer-plugin
sudo dnf groupupdate sound-and-video
Remove local rpm pakcages

sudo rpm -e <package-name>
Install dev environment

Alacrity config: https://github.com/alacritty/alacritty/blob/master/alacritty.yml
sudo dnf install perl
sudo dnf install libdrm-devel systemd-devel
sudo dnf install cmake ncurses-devel gcc-c++ git-delta git
sudo dnf install alacritty
Install GPU monitor

sudo dnf install nvtop radeontop
Install homebrew

git clone https://github.com/Homebrew/brew ~/.linuxbrew/Homebrew
mkdir ~/.linuxbrew/bin
ln -s ~/.linuxbrew/Homebrew/bin/brew ~/.linuxbrew/bin
eval $(~/.linuxbrew/bin/brew shellenv)
KDE tweaks

HiDPI - https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/HiDPI
KDE plasma shortcuts - https://defkey.com/kde-plasma-shortcuts
Disable Meta (Win) key


kwriteconfig5 --file kwinrc --group ModifierOnlyShortcuts --key Meta ""

Upgrade release


https://www.linuxcapable.com/how-to-upgrade-fedora-release/
https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf-system-upgrade/

# upgrade
sudo dnf install dnf-plugin-system-upgrade
sudo dnf system-upgrade download --releasever=38 --allowerasing
sudo dnf distro-sync
sudo dnf system-upgrade reboot

# cleanup
sudo dnf system-upgrade clean
sudo dnf install remove-retired-packages
remove-retired-packages
sudo dnf repoquery --unsatisfied
sudo dnf repoquery --duplicates
sudo dnf autoremove
Remove old kernels
#!/usr/bin/env bash

old_kernels=($(dnf repoquery --installonly --latest-limit=-1 -q))
if [ "${#old_kernels[@]}" -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "No old kernels found"
    exit 0
fi

if ! dnf remove "${old_kernels[@]}"; then
    echo "Failed to remove old kernels"
    exit 1
fi

echo "Removed old kernels"
exit 0