Microsoft Binary Data Format Functions

msbin.c

//
// The following are implementations of Microsoft RTL functions not
// include in the Borland RTL.
//
// Functions:
//     _fmsbintoieee()
//     _fieeetomsbin()
//     _dmsbintoieee()
//     _dieeetomsbin()
//
// These functions convert back and forth from Microsoft Binary Format
// to IEEE floating point format.
//
// As with the Microsoft RTL functions,
//
// The argument srcX points to the value to be converted and the
// result is stored at the location given at destX.
//
// These routines do not handle IEE NAN's and infinities.  IEEE
// denormals are treated as 0's.
//
// Return:
//
// These functions return 0 if the conversion is successful and 1
// if the conversion causes an overflow.
//
//
//
// Examples of the use of these functions can be found online as
// MSBIN.ZIP.
//
//--------------------------------------------------------------------




//#include <string.h>        /* for strncpy  */

int32 _fmsbintoieee(float *src4, float *dest4)
   {
   unsigned char *msbin = (unsigned char *)src4;
   unsigned char *ieee = (unsigned char *)dest4;
   unsigned char sign = 0x00;
   unsigned char ieee_exp = 0x00;
   int32 i;

   /* MS Binary Format                         */
   /* byte order =>    m3 | m2 | m1 | exponent */
   /* m1 is most significant byte => sbbb|bbbb */
   /* m3 is the least significant byte         */
   /*      m = mantissa byte                   */
   /*      s = sign bit                        */
   /*      b = bit                             */

   sign = msbin[2] & 0x80;      /* 1000|0000b  */
                                               
   /* IEEE Single Precision Float Format       */
   /*    m3        m2        m1     exponent   */
   /* mmmm|mmmm mmmm|mmmm emmm|mmmm seee|eeee  */
   /*          s = sign bit                    */
   /*          e = exponent bit                */
   /*          m = mantissa bit                */

   for (i=0; i<4; i++) ieee[i] = 0;
 
   /* any msbin w/ exponent of zero = zero */
   if (msbin[3] == 0) return 0;
   
   ieee[3] |= sign;

   /* MBF is bias 128 and IEEE is bias 127. ALSO, MBF places   */
   /* the decimal point before the assumed bit, while          */
   /* IEEE places the decimal point after the assumed bit.     */

   ieee_exp = msbin[3] - 2;    /* actually, msbin[3]-1-128+127 */

   /* the first 7 bits of the exponent in ieee[3] */
   ieee[3] |= ieee_exp >> 1;   

   /* the one remaining bit in first bin of ieee[2] */
   ieee[2] |= ieee_exp << 7;   

   /* 0111|1111b : mask out the msbin sign bit */
   ieee[2] |= msbin[2] & 0x7f;

   ieee[1] = msbin[1];
   ieee[0] = msbin[0];

   return 0;
   }


int32 _fieeetomsbin(float *src4, float *dest4)
   {
   unsigned char *ieee = (unsigned char *)src4;
   unsigned char *msbin = (unsigned char *)dest4;
   unsigned char sign = 0x00;
   unsigned char msbin_exp = 0x00;
   int32 i;

   /* See _fmsbintoieee() for details of formats   */
   sign = ieee[3] & 0x80;
   msbin_exp |= ieee[3] << 1;
   msbin_exp |= ieee[2] >> 7;

   /* An ieee exponent of 0xfe overflows in MBF    */
   if (msbin_exp == 0xfe) return 1;

   msbin_exp += 2;     /* actually, -127 + 128 + 1 */

   for (i=0; i<4; i++) msbin[i] = 0;

   msbin[3] = msbin_exp;

   msbin[2] |= sign;
   msbin[2] |= ieee[2] & 0x7f;
   msbin[1] = ieee[1];
   msbin[0] = ieee[0];

   return 0;
   }



int32 _dmsbintoieee(double *src8, double *dest8)
   {
   unsigned char msbin[8];
   unsigned char *ieee = (unsigned char *)dest8;
   unsigned char sign = 0x00;
   uint32 ieee_exp = 0x0000;
   int32 i;

   /* A manipulatable copy of the msbin number     */
   memcpy(msbin,src8,8); //strncpy((char *)msbin,(char *)src8,8);
   

   /* MS Binary Format                                             */
   /* byte order =>    m7 | m6 | m5 | m4 | m3 | m2 | m1 | exponent */
   /* m1 is most significant byte => smmm|mmmm                     */
   /* m7 is the least significant byte                             */
   /*      m = mantissa byte                                       */
   /*      s = sign bit                                            */
   /*      b = bit                                                 */

   sign = msbin[6] & 0x80;      /* 1000|0000b  */

   
   /* IEEE Single Precision Float Format                           */
   /*  byte 8    byte 7    byte 6    byte 5    byte 4    and so on */
   /* seee|eeee eeee|mmmm mmmm|mmmm mmmm|mmmm mmmm|mmmm ...        */
   /*          s = sign bit                                        */
   /*          e = exponent bit                                    */
   /*          m = mantissa bit                                    */

   for (i=0; i<8; i++) ieee[i] = 0;

   /* any msbin w/ exponent of zero = zero */
   if (msbin[7] == 0) return 0;


   ieee[7] |= sign;

   /* MBF is bias 128 and IEEE is bias 1023. ALSO, MBF places  */
   /* the decimal point before the assumed bit, while          */
   /* IEEE places the decimal point after the assumed bit.     */
   
   ieee_exp = msbin[7] - 128 - 1 + 1023;

   /* First 4 bits of the msbin exponent   */
   /* go into the last 4 bits of ieee[7]   */
   ieee[7] |= ieee_exp >> 4;

   /* The last 4 bits of msbin exponent    */
   /* go into the first 4 bits of ieee[6]  */
   ieee[6] |= ieee_exp << 4;

   /* The msbin mantissa must be shifted to the right 1 bit.   */
   /* Remember that the msbin number has its bytes reversed.   */
   for (i=6; i>0; i--)
       {
       msbin[i] <<= 1;
       msbin[i] |= msbin[i-1] >> 7;
       }
   msbin[0] <<= 1;

   /* Now the mantissa is put into the ieee array starting in  */
   /* the middle of the second to last byte.                   */

   for (i=6; i>0; i--)
       {
       ieee[i] |= msbin[i] >> 4;
       ieee[i-1] |= msbin[i] << 4;
       }
   ieee[0] |= msbin[0] >> 4;

   /* IEEE has a half byte less for its mantissa.  If the msbin    */
   /* number has anything in this last half byte, then there is an */
   /* overflow.                                                    */
   if (msbin[0] & 0x0f) 
       return 1;
   else
       return 0;
   }

int32 _dieeetomsbin(double *src8, double *dest8)
   {
   unsigned char ieee[8];
   unsigned char *msbin = (unsigned char *)dest8;
   unsigned char sign = 0x00;
   unsigned char any_on = 0x00;
   uint32 msbin_exp = 0x0000;
   int32 i;

   /* Make a clobberable copy of the source number */ 
   memcpy(ieee,src8,8); //strncpy((char *)ieee,(char *)src8,8);
  
   for (i=0; i<8; i++) msbin[i] = 0;

   /* If all are zero in src8, the msbin should be zero */
   for (i=0; i<8; i++) any_on |= ieee[i];
   if (!any_on) {return 0;}

   sign = ieee[7] & 0x80;
   msbin[6] |= sign;
   msbin_exp = (unsigned)(ieee[7] & 0x7f) * 0x10;
   msbin_exp += ieee[6] >> 4;

   if (msbin_exp-0x3ff > 0x80) return 1;

   msbin[7] = msbin_exp - 0x3ff + 0x80 + 1; 

   /* The ieee mantissa must be shifted up 3 bits */
   ieee[6] &= 0x0f; /* mask out the exponent in the second byte    */
   for (i=6; i>0; i--)
       {
       msbin[i] |= ieee[i] << 3;
       msbin[i] |= ieee[i-1] >> 5;
       }

   msbin[0] |= ieee[0] << 3;

   return 0;
   }