Set the background color of iTerm based on RAILS_ENV

set_iTerm_background.sh

#!/usr/local/bin/bash

set_term_bgcolor(){
  local R=$1
  local G=$2
  local B=$3
  /usr/bin/osascript <<EOF
tell application "iTerm"
  tell the current terminal
    tell the current session
      set background color to {$(($R*65535/255)), $(($G*65535/255)), $(($B*65535/255))}
    end tell
  end tell
end tell
EOF
}

# 

if [[ "$@" =~ production.server ]]; then
  set_term_bgcolor 20 0 0
elif [[ "$@" =~ staging.server ]]; then
  set_term_bgcolor 0 20 0
fi

ssh $@


set_term_bgcolor 0 0 0

Thank you for sharing this.
Unfortunately, I found that your AppleScript doesn't work in iTerm2 Build 3.0.0.
I fixed the script like this and it's been working:

tell application "iTerm"
  tell the current window
    tell the current session
      set background color to {$(($R*65535/255)), $(($G*65535/255)), $(($B*65535/255))}
    end tell
  end tell
end tell