VCS - Version Control System tracks the history of changes on a project
DVCS - Distributed VCS. Git is also a DVCS. Git doesn't need a constant connection to a central repository. Developers can work anywhere and colloborate asynchronously from any time zone.
Repository - repo or git project. It encompasses the entire collection of files and folders associated with the project, along with each file's revision history. This revision history appears as snapshots called commits, and the commits exist as a linked list relationship and can be organized into multiple lines of development called branches
git init
- initializes a brand new git repo. It adds a hidden subfolder that houses the internal data structures required for version control