Get-AnalyticsInfo.ps1

<#
    AnalyticsInfo class is the documented way to track OS version. It returns
    a string value. The format of this string is not documented, and one should
    not rely on a certain value. Those values can only be used to tell one OS
    version from another.

    https://docs.microsoft.com/uwp/api
        /windows.system.profile.analyticsversioninfo.devicefamilyversion

    This API is not available on Server Core
#>

$AnalyticsInfo = [Windows.System.Profile.AnalyticsInfo,Windows.System.Profile,ContentType=WindowsRuntime]
$VersionInfo = $AnalyticsInfo.GetMember( 'get_VersionInfo' )
$AnalyticsVersionInfo = $VersionInfo.Invoke( $Null, $Null )

# This returns `2814751015109593` on my test machine
$AnalyticsVersionInfo.DeviceFamilyVersion

<#
    You technically *can* parse it if you are curious of what's in this string,
    even though you *should not*

    https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31783604/windows-10-get-devicefamilyversion
#>

$v  = [System.Int64]::Parse( $AnalyticsVersionInfo.DeviceFamilyVersion )
$v1 = ( $v -band 0xFFFF000000000000l ) -shr 48
$v2 = ( $v -band 0x0000FFFF00000000l ) -shr 32
$v3 = ( $v -band 0x00000000FFFF0000l ) -shr 16
$v4 =   $v -band 0x000000000000FFFFl

# This returns `10.0.19043.985` on my test machine
[System.Version]::Parse( "$v1.$v2.$v3.$v4" )

<#
    There is *no* decoding ring published that would allow a translation
    from any of the above values to a friendly display version such as `21H1`

    The following alternative is only available on the latest OS versions,
    starting with Azure Stack HCI, version 20H2
#>

Get-ComputerInfo -Property 'osDisplayVersion'

This returns 10.0.19043.985 on my test machine ( это как? ) вот моя ( Major Minor Build Revision )

                                                                                                                        -----  -----  -----  --------
                                                                                                                      (    10     0      19042  985   ) 

Всё правильно. По умолчанию выдаётся объект, чтобы с ним потом было удобно что-нибудь ещё делать. Если хотите строку, добавьте .toString() в конец:

[System.Version]::Parse( "$v1.$v2.$v3.$v4" ).toString()

Спасибо😉👍