Git Cheat Sheet: Just the Essentials (13 Commands). See https://gist.github.com/5128563 for more.

git-essentials.sh

# Status Commands - These are always safe to execute and don't change the repo.
git status                    # Print the status of the current repo
git log                       # Print a list of the most recent commits
git diff                      # Show all differences between unstaged changes 
                              # and the last commit.
git remote -v                 # Show all remotes with name and url.

# Repo Commands - These modify the state of the repo in some way but do not modify files
git init                      # Initialize a new repo in the current folder
git add MYFILE                # Add a file with changes to the staging area to be committed.
git add -A                    # Add all added, removed, or changed files to the staging area.
git reset MYFILE              # Unstage a file (does not modify the file)
git commit -m "Added x,y,z"   # Commit the staged files to the version history.
git remote add name MYURL     # Add a remote with the given name

# Modification Commands - These modify local files.
git checkout .                # Delete all local changes and restore the last commit.
git clone MYURL               # Download a remote repo into a folder of the same
                              # name. Automatically creates a remote called origin.
git clone MYURL foldername    # Same as above but give the folder a custom name.

# Sync Commands - These may modify local and remote files.
git push origin master        # Push all changes to the local 'master' branch
                              # to the remote named 'origin'
git pull origin master        # Pull all changes from the remote 'origin' branch
                              # to the local branch 'master'.
git push -u origin master     # Same as above but sets 'upstream tracking' to the
                              # given branch and remote to enable simple 'git push'
git push                      # Push to the tracked branch after the push -u command.
git pull                      # Pull from the tracked branch after the push -u command.

Thanks for this~!