Bash script to set up a new site on a LAMP-based Ubuntu server (Wordpress, PHP, etc.)

set-up-new-site.sh

#!/bin/bash

# Ensure the script is run as root
if [ "$(id -u)" -ne 0 ]; then
    echo -e "\e[31mERROR: This script must be run as root.\e[0m"
    exit 1
fi

# Define aesthetics
GREEN='\033[0;32m'
RED='\033[0;31m'
NC='\033[0m' # No Color
ALIEN='\xF0\x9F\x91\xBD'

# ARGUMENTS
# 1: website domain without alias / subdomains (ex: example.com)
if [ -z "$1" ]; then
    echo -e "${RED}${ALIEN} ERROR: CRITICAL: No valid website name passed as an argument to configure a new website.${NC}"
    exit 1
fi

DOMAIN=$1

myip=$(curl -s http://ifconfig.me)

read -p "Have you already pointed your site DNS to this server's IP? IP: $myip [Y/n]" domain_dns_configured

if [ "$domain_dns_configured" != "Y" ]; then
    echo -e "${RED}${ALIEN} ERROR: You need to first configure your domain's DNS to point to this server's IP address, or else this script will fail trying to set up an SSL certificate.${NC}"
    exit 1
fi

echo -e "${GREEN}${ALIEN} Starting website creation and configuration for domain name: $DOMAIN${NC}"

echo -e "${GREEN}${ALIEN} Creating $DOMAIN folder structure under /var/www ...${NC}"
mkdir -p /var/www/$DOMAIN/public_html

echo -e "${GREEN}${ALIEN} Setting correct permissions for the new folder...${NC}"
chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/$DOMAIN/public_html

echo -e "${GREEN}${ALIEN} Setting correct permissions for /var/www...${NC}"
chmod 755 /var/www

echo -e "${GREEN}${ALIEN} Creating new Apache2 VirtualHost configuration file for $DOMAIN...${NC}"
cat > /etc/apache2/sites-available/$DOMAIN.conf <<EOM
<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName www.$DOMAIN
    Redirect permanent / http://$DOMAIN/
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName $DOMAIN

    # Main website configuration
    DocumentRoot /var/www/$DOMAIN/public_html
    <Directory /var/www/$DOMAIN/public_html>
        Options -Indexes +FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride All
        Require all granted
    </Directory>

    ErrorLog \${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
    CustomLog \${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>
EOM

echo -e "${GREEN}${ALIEN} Enabling HTTP VirtualHost in Apache...${NC}"
a2ensite $DOMAIN.conf

echo -e "${GREEN}${ALIEN} Restarting Apache2 service for HTTP VirtualHost changes to take effect...${NC}"
systemctl restart apache2

echo -e "${GREEN}${ALIEN} VirtualHost for $DOMAIN correctly configured and is now active.${NC}"

echo -e "${GREEN}${ALIEN} Generating SSL certificate for $DOMAIN using Let's Encrypt's Certbot and setting up HTTPS redirect...${NC}"
certbot --apache --agree-tos --redirect --hsts --uir -n -m admin@$DOMAIN -d $DOMAIN -d www.$DOMAIN

echo -e "${GREEN}${ALIEN} Restarting Apache2 service for SSL configuration to take effect...${NC}"
systemctl restart apache2

echo -e "${GREEN}${ALIEN} Success: Correctly created and configured web space and SSL certificate for $DOMAIN 🎉${NC}"