cs50tf.c

Let's do a speedy run-down on bitwise operators

First, know or recall that we can write the number 12 in three different ways
int twelve_dec = 12;
int twelve_hex = 0xC;
int twelve_bin = 0b1100;

bitwise operators operate bit-by-bit
NOT (complement) ~00000001100 = 11111110011
OR                0b1100 | 0b1010 = 0b1110
AND               0b1100 & 0b1010 = 0b1000
XOR ^             0b1100 ^ 0b1010 = 0b0110
shift left <<     0b0011 << 2 = 0b1100
shift right >>    0b1100 >> 1 = 0b0110

don't forget these mostly apply to booleans, with
false as 0
true as 1 
in an if statement anything that isn't 0 is true is true
use ! instead of ~
a ? b : c;

Applications:
cryptography
m = (m ^ k) ^ k

swap without a temp
val1, val2
val1 = val1 ^ val2
val2 = val1 ^ val2
val1 = val2 ^ val1

upper and lowercasing
chr & 0xdf

RGB
color & (0xff)

times and divide two
>> n
<< n