Install Docker CE on Ubuntu using Ansible

docker.yaml

---
- hosts: all
  tasks:
  - name: Install prerequisites for Docker repository
    apt:
      name: ['apt-transport-https', 'ca-certificates', 'curl', 'gnupg2', 'software-properties-common']
      update_cache: yes

  - name: Add Docker GPG key
    apt_key:
      url: https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg

  - name: Add Docker APT repository
    apt_repository:
      repo: deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/{{ ansible_system | lower }}/{{ ansible_distribution | lower }} {{ ansible_distribution_release }} stable

  - name: Install Docker CE
    apt:
      name: ['docker-ce', 'docker-ce-cli', 'containerd.io']
      update_cache: yes

  - name: Install prerequisites for docker-compose
    apt:
      name: ['python3-pip', 'python3-setuptools', 'virtualenv']

  - name: Install docker-compose
    pip:
      name: docker-compose

This works for me

$ ansible --version
ansible 2.10.2

---
- name: apt update
  apt:
    update_cache: yes

- name: Install prerequisites for Docker repository
  apt:
    pkg:
    - apt-transport-https
    - ca-certificates
    - curl
    - gnupg2
    - software-properties-common

- name: add docker apt key
  apt_key:
    url: https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg
    state: present

- name: add docker apt repo
  apt_repository:
    repo: "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/{{ ansible_distribution|lower }} {{ ansible_distribution_release }} stable"
    state: present
    update_cache: yes
  
- name: install docker and it's dependencies
  apt:
    pkg:
      - docker-ce
      - docker-ce-cli
      - containerd.io
    state: present

- name: start and enable docker daemon
  service:
    name: docker
    state: started
    enabled: yes

- name: fetch docker-compose checksum
  uri:
    url: https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/{{ docker_compose_version }}/docker-compose-Linux-x86_64.sha256
    return_content: yes
  register: docker_compose_checksum

- name: install docker-compose
  get_url:
    url: https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/{{ docker_compose_version }}/docker-compose-Linux-x86_64
    checksum: "sha256:{{ docker_compose_checksum.content.split(' ') | first }}"
    dest: /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
    mode: '0755'

you can use {{ ansible_machine }} and {{ ansible_system }} instead of above hardcoded x86_64 and Linux

@mstevanic If you have gather_facts: True :)

Docker on Ubuntu 22.04 AWS AMI from Canonical, sticking as close to the official install page as possible, and leaning on work from @yum-dev above:

- name: install prerequisites for Docker repository
  become: yes
  ansible.builtin.apt:
    pkg:
      - ca-certificates
      - curl
      - gnupg2
      - lsb-release

- name: add docker apt key
  become: yes
  apt_key:
    url: https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg
    state: present

- name: add docker apt repo
  become: yes
  apt_repository:
    repo: "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/{{ ansible_distribution | lower }} {{ ansible_distribution_release }} stable"
    state: present
    update_cache: yes

- name: install docker and its dependencies
  become: yes
  apt:
    pkg:
      - docker-ce
      - docker-ce-cli
      - containerd.io
      - docker-buildx-plugin
      - docker-compose-plugin
    state: present

- name: start and enable docker daemon
  become: yes
  service:
    name: docker
    state: started
    enabled: yes

- name: start and enable containerd daemon
  become: yes
  service:
    name: containerd
    state: started
    enabled: yes