Schema extracted from https://a.slack-edge.com/bv1-6-8cacda2/block-kit-builder.93ca53691de7cf9d4417.min.js
Probably the url/bundle will change every deploy so you might want to go https://api.slack.com/tools/block-kit-builder, open devtools and search for that file (block-kit-builder) in source tab. Pass some unminify tool and search for "JSON Schema".
PS1: Some block/element types simply does not work, idk why.
PS2: If you want to explore easily, copy the code and paste to the devtools console.
I also facing an issue that I added the block kit builder code in json file and tried to display the card but empty card is getting displayed.