bar.cpp

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

struct Bar {
    ~Bar() {
        cout << "C++ destructor is firing" << endl;
    }
};

extern "C" {
    void foo();
    void bar() {
        cout << "C++ creating object with destructor" << endl;
        Bar bar;
        foo();
    }
}

foo.rs

use std::panic::catch_unwind;

extern "C" {
    fn bar();
}

#[no_mangle]
pub extern "C" fn foo() {
    panic!("Rust is panicking");
}
fn main() {
    println!("Rust main function");
    println!("Caught Rust panic: {:?}", catch_unwind(|| unsafe { bar() } ));
}

powershell

> cl /c bar.cpp /EHs /Zi; rustc -g foo.rs -Clink-arg="bar.obj"; ./foo.exe
Microsoft (R) C/C++ Optimizing Compiler Version 19.00.24215.1 for x64
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

bar.cpp
Rust main function
C++ creating object with destructor
thread 'main' panicked at 'Rust is panicking', foo.rs:9
note: Run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=1` for a backtrace.
C++ destructor is firing
Caught Rust panic: Err(Any)