hats_in_circle_2colors_en.py

def raise_hand(man_position, hats_colors): 
    #this is a function with which we select if some man should raise a hand
    #man_position - position of wiseman (from 0 to 12)
    #hats_colors - list of colors of hats thay wisemen are wearing. We won't peek in this array (fair play)
    hats_colors_sum = 0 #here let's collect parity of hats colors that we see. We don't count our own hat (since we don't know it)
    for i in range(len(hats_colors)):
        if i == man_position: #skip your own hat (fair play)
            continue
        hats_colors_sum += hats_colors[i] #collect sum
    return hats_colors_sum % 2 #return parity

def give_answer(man_position, hands_up, hats_colors):
    #this is a function to guess color of the hat that wiseman wearing
    #man_position - position of wiseman
    #hands_up - list of information who's hand is raised (here each one knows all information, we can look in here)
    #hats_colors - list of colors of hats thay wisemen are wearing. We won't peek in this array (fair play)
    reference_man = (man_position + 1) % len(hands_up) #choose random wiseman who will be our reference (except ourselves)
    hats_colors_sum = 0 #collect sum of everyone's colors except the selected man and ourself
    for i in range(len(hats_colors)):
        if i == man_position or i == reference_man: #fair play, skip our color. And also we skip selected man
            continue
        hats_colors_sum += hats_colors[i] #collect sum
    return (hats_colors_sum - hands_up[reference_man]) % 2 #return parity of difference as an answer (color)

import random
#let's model the task, we have 13 wisemen and random hats are put on them (2 colors)
n = 13
hats_colors = [random.randint(0,1) for _ in range(n)]
#these lists for now we keep empty:
hands_up = [0 for _ in range(n)]
answers = [-1 for _ in range(n)]
#first wise-men select if they have to raise hands (fill the list of raised hands with 0-not raised or 1-raised)
for man_position in range(n):
    hands_up[man_position] = raise_hand(man_position, hats_colors)
#then we give answer (0 or 1, number of color_
for man_position in range(n):
    answers[man_position] = give_answer(man_position, hands_up, hats_colors)
#let's compare the answers and colors that are chosen randomly:
are_equal = True
for i in range(m):
    if hats_colors[i] != answers[i]:
        are_equal = False
        break
print('All answers are correct:', are_equal)
#And we get "All answers are correct: True". Nice one!