src: https://www.stationx.net/nmap-cheat-sheet
Switch | Example | Description |
---|---|---|
nmap 192.168.1.1 | Scan a single IP | |
nmap 192.168.1.1 192.168.2.1 | Scan specific IPs | |
nmap 192.168.1.1-254 | Scan a range | |
nmap scanme.nmap.org | Scan a domain | |
nmap 192.168.1.0/24 | Scan using CIDR notation | |
-iL | nmap -iL targets.txt | Scan targets from a file |
-iR | nmap -iR 100 | Scan 100 random hosts |
--exclude | nmap --exclude 192.168.1.1 | Exclude listed hosts |
Switch | Example | Description |
---|---|---|
-sS | nmap 192.168.1.1 -sS | TCP SYN port scan (Default) |
-sT | nmap 192.168.1.1 -sT | TCP connect port scan (Default without root privilege) |
-sU | nmap 192.168.1.1 -sU | UDP port scan |
-sA | nmap 192.168.1.1 -sA | TCP ACK port scan |
-sW | nmap 192.168.1.1 -sW | TCP Window port scan |
-sM | nmap 192.168.1.1 -sM | TCP Maimon port scan |
Switch | Example | Description |
---|---|---|
-sL | nmap 192.168.1.1-3 -sL | No Scan. List targets only |
-sn | nmap 192.168.1.1/24 -sn | Disable port scanning. Host discovery only. |
-Pn | nmap 192.168.1.1-5 -Pn | Disable host discovery. Port scan only. |
-PA | nmap 192.168.1.1-5 -PA22-25,80 | TCP ACK discovery on port x. |
Port 80 by default | ||
-PU | nmap 192.168.1.1-5 -PU53 | UDP discovery on port x. Port 40125 by default |
-PR | nmap 192.168.1.1-1/24 -PR | ARP discovery on local network |
-n | nmap 192.168.1.1 -n | Never do DNS resolution |
Switch | Example | Description |
---|---|---|
-p | nmap 192.168.1.1 -p 21 | Port scan for port x |
-p | nmap 192.168.1.1 -p 21-100 | Port range |
-p | nmap 192.168.1.1 -p U:53,T:21-25,80 | Port scan multiple TCP and UDP ports |
-p- | nmap 192.168.1.1 -p- | Port scan all ports |
-p | nmap 192.168.1.1 -p http,https | Port scan from service name |
-F | nmap 192.168.1.1 -F | Fast port scan (100 ports) |
--top-ports | nmap 192.168.1.1 --top-ports 2000 | Port scan the top x ports |
-p-65535 | nmap 192.168.1.1 -p-65535 | Leaving off initial port in range makes the scan start at port 1 |
-p0- | nmap 192.168.1.1 -p0- | Leaving off end port in range makes the scan go through to port 65535 |
Switch | Example | Description |
---|---|---|
-sV | nmap 192.168.1.1 -sV | Attempts to determine the version of the service running on port |
-sV --version-intensity | nmap 192.168.1.1 -sV --version-intensity 8 | Intensity level 0 to 9. Higher number increases possibility of correctness |
-sV --version-light | nmap 192.168.1.1 -sV --version-light | Enable light mode. Lower possibility of correctness. Faster |
-sV --version-all | nmap 192.168.1.1 -sV --version-all | Enable intensity level 9. Higher possibility of correctness. Slower |
-A | nmap 192.168.1.1 -A | Enables OS detection, version detection, script scanning, and traceroute |
Switch | Example | Description |
---|---|---|
-O | nmap 192.168.1.1 -O | Remote OS detection using TCP/IP stack fingerprinting |
-O --osscan-limit | nmap 192.168.1.1 -O --osscan-limit | If at least one open and one closed TCP port are not found it will not try OS detection against host |
-O --osscan-guess | nmap 192.168.1.1 -O --osscan-guess | Makes Nmap guess more aggressively |
-O --max-os-tries | nmap 192.168.1.1 -O --max-os-tries 1 | Set the maximum number x of OS detection tries against a target |
-A | nmap 192.168.1.1 -A | Enables OS detection, version detection, script scanning, and traceroute |
Switch | Example | Description |
---|---|---|
-T0 | nmap 192.168.1.1 -T0 | Paranoid (0) Intrusion Detection System evasion |
-T1 | nmap 192.168.1.1 -T1 | Sneaky (1) Intrusion Detection System evasion |
-T2 | nmap 192.168.1.1 -T2 | Polite (2) slows down the scan to use less bandwidth and use less target machine resources |
-T3 | nmap 192.168.1.1 -T3 | Normal (3) which is default speed |
-T4 | nmap 192.168.1.1 -T4 | Aggressive (4) speeds scans; assumes you are on a reasonably fast and reliable network |
-T5 | nmap 192.168.1.1 -T5 | Insane (5) speeds scan; assumes you are on an extraordinarily fast network |
Switch | Example input | Description |
---|---|---|
--host-timeout <time> | 1s; 4m; 2h | Give up on target after this long |
--min-rtt-timeout/max-rtt-timeout/initial-rtt-timeout <time> | 1s; 4m; 2h | Specifies probe round trip time |
--min-hostgroup/max-hostgroup <size<size> | 50; 1024 | Parallel host scan group sizes |
--min-parallelism/max-parallelism <numprobes> | 10; 1 | Probe parallelization |
--scan-delay/--max-scan-delay <time> | 20ms; 2s; 4m; 5h | Adjust delay between probes |
--max-retries <tries> | 3 | Specify the maximum number of port scan probe retransmissions |
--min-rate <number> | 100 | Send packets no slower than <numberr> per second |
--max-rate <number> | 100 | Send packets no faster than <number> per second |
Switch | Example | Description |
---|---|---|
-sC | nmap 192.168.1.1 -sC | Scan with default NSE scripts. Considered useful for discovery and safe |
--script default | nmap 192.168.1.1 --script default | Scan with default NSE scripts. Considered useful for discovery and safe |
--script | nmap 192.168.1.1 --script=banner | Scan with a single script. Example banner |
--script | nmap 192.168.1.1 --script=http* | Scan with a wildcard. Example http |
--script | nmap 192.168.1.1 --script=http,banner | Scan with two scripts. Example http and banner |
--script | nmap 192.168.1.1 --script "not intrusive" | Scan default, but remove intrusive scripts |
--script-args | nmap --script snmp-sysdescr --script-args snmpcommunity=admin 192.168.1.1 | NSE script with arguments |
Useful NSE Script Examples
Command | Description |
---|---|
nmap -Pn --script=http-sitemap-generator scanme.nmap.org | http site map generator |
nmap -n -Pn -p 80 --open -sV -vvv --script banner,http-title -iR 1000 | Fast search for random web servers |
nmap -Pn --script=dns-brute domain.com | Brute forces DNS hostnames guessing subdomains |
nmap -n -Pn -vv -O -sV --script smb-enum*,smb-ls,smb-mbenum,smb-os-discovery,smb-s*,smb-vuln*,smbv2* -vv 192.168.1.1 | Safe SMB scripts to run |
nmap --script whois* domain.com | Whois query |
nmap -p80 --script http-unsafe-output-escaping scanme.nmap.org | Detect cross site scripting vulnerabilities |
nmap -p80 --script http-sql-injection scanme.nmap.org | Check for SQL injections |
Switch | Example | Description |
---|---|---|
-f | nmap 192.168.1.1 -f | Requested scan (including ping scans) use tiny fragmented IP packets. Harder for packet filters |
--mtu | nmap 192.168.1.1 --mtu 32 | Set your own offset size |
-D | nmap -D 192.168.1.101,192.168.1.102, 192.168.1.103,192.168.1.23 192.168.1.1 |
|
Send scans from spoofed IPs | ||
-D | nmap -D decoy-ip1,decoy-ip2,your-own-ip,decoy-ip3,decoy-ip4 remote-host-ip | Above example explained |
-S | nmap -S www.microsoft.com www.facebook.com | Scan Facebook from Microsoft (-e eth0 -Pn may be required) |
-g | nmap -g 53 192.168.1.1 | Use given source port number |
--proxies | nmap --proxies http://192.168.1.1:8080, http://192.168.1.2:8080 192.168.1.1 | Relay connections through HTTP/SOCKS4 proxies |
--data-length | nmap --data-length 200 192.168.1.1 | Appends random data to sent packets |
Example IDS Evasion command
nmap -f -t 0 -n -Pn –data-length 200 -D 192.168.1.101,192.168.1.102,192.168.1.103,192.168.1.23 192.168.1.1
Switch | Example | Description |
---|---|---|
-oN | nmap 192.168.1.1 -oN normal.file | Normal output to the file normal.file |
-oX | nmap 192.168.1.1 -oX xml.file | XML output to the file xml.file |
-oG | nmap 192.168.1.1 -oG grep.file | Grepable output to the file grep.file |
-oA | nmap 192.168.1.1 -oA results | Output in the three major formats at once |
-oG - | nmap 192.168.1.1 -oG - | Grepable output to screen. -oN -, -oX - also usable |
--append-output | nmap 192.168.1.1 -oN file.file --append-output | Append a scan to a previous scan file |
-v | nmap 192.168.1.1 -v | Increase the verbosity level (use -vv or more for greater effect) |
-d | nmap 192.168.1.1 -d | Increase debugging level (use -dd or more for greater effect) |
--reason | nmap 192.168.1.1 --reason | Display the reason a port is in a particular state, same output as -vv |
--open | nmap 192.168.1.1 --open | Only show open (or possibly open) ports |
--packet-trace | nmap 192.168.1.1 -T4 --packet-trace | Show all packets sent and received |
--iflist | nmap --iflist | Shows the host interfaces and routes |
--resume | nmap --resume results.file | Resume a scan |
Helpful Nmap Output examples
Command | Description |
---|---|
nmap -p80 -sV -oG - --open 192.168.1.1/24 | grep open |
nmap -iR 10 -n -oX out.xml | grep "Nmap" |
nmap -iR 10 -n -oX out2.xml | grep "Nmap" |
ndiff scanl.xml scan2.xml | Compare output from nmap using the ndif |
xsltproc nmap.xml -o nmap.html | Convert nmap xml files to html files |
grep " open " results.nmap | sed -r 's/ +/ /g' |
Switch | Example | Description |
---|---|---|
-6 | nmap -6 2607:f0d0:1002:51::4 | Enable IPv6 scanning |
-h | nmap -h | nmap help screen |
Command | Description |
---|---|
nmap -iR 10 -PS22-25,80,113,1050,35000 -v -sn | Discovery only on ports x, no port scan |
nmap 192.168.1.1-1/24 -PR -sn -vv | Arp discovery only on local network, no port scan |
nmap -iR 10 -sn -traceroute | Traceroute to random targets, no port scan |
nmap 192.168.1.1-50 -sL --dns-server 192.168.1.1 | Query the Internal DNS for hosts, list targets only |