A simple libsshd server that will call luksOpen if you type in a password... Easy remote disk unlocking.

luks-sshd.c

/*
 * A simplistic ssh daemon that will try to unlock one or more disks,
 * simply login as luks and provide your luks password.
 * This daemon should be part of your initramfs, enabling "headless"
 * decryption of your disks. You'll usually want to link this binary
 * statically, merging all dependencies into one opaque file.
 *
 * You have to have a valid network setup. You'll otherwise just block your
 * servers boot sequence.
 *
 * This server was heavily inspired by
 * https://github.com/substack/libssh/blob/master/examples/samplesshd.c
 *
 * Build with
 * gcc -static server.c \
 *  /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libssh.a \
 *  /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcrypto.a \
 *  /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.a /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.a \
 *  -o luks-sshd
 */

// #include "config.h"
#include <libssh/libssh.h>
#include <libssh/server.h>

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <argp.h>

#define KEYS_FOLDER "/etc/ssh/"
#define MAX_DISKS 256
#define MAX_CMD 2048

static int unlocked = 0;
static int diskc = 0;
static char *diskv[MAX_DISKS];
static int verbose = 0;

static int auth_password(const char *user, const char *password) {
    char cmd[MAX_CMD];
    int i;
    FILE *proc;
    if(strcmp(user,"luks"))
        return 0;
    // try to unlock the disks
    for(i = 0; i < diskc; i++) {
        snprintf(cmd, MAX_CMD - 1, "/sbin/cryptsetup luksOpen '%s' 'luks-sshd-%i'", diskv[i], i);
        proc = popen(cmd, "w");
        fprintf(proc, "%s\n", password);
        if (pclose(proc) == 0)
            unlocked++;
    }
    if (unlocked != diskc)
        return 0;
    return 1;
}

const char *argp_program_version = "luks-sshd server 0.1"
  SSH_STRINGIFY(LIBSSH_VERSION);
const char *argp_program_bug_address = "<treffer@measite.de>";

/* Program documentation. */
static char doc[] = "luks-sshd - a simple sshd that will unlock luks formatted disks";

/* A description of the arguments we accept. */
static char args_doc[] = "BINDADDR";

/* The options we understand. */
static struct argp_option options[] = {
  {
    .name = "port",
    .key = 'p',
    .arg = "PORT",
    .flags = 0,
    .doc = "Set the port to bind.",
    .group = 0
  },
  {
    .name = "hostkey",
    .key = 'k',
    .arg = "FILE",
    .flags = 0,
    .doc = "Set the host key.",
    .group = 0
  },
  {
    .name = "dsakey",
    .key = 'd',
    .arg = "FILE",
    .flags = 0,
    .doc = "Set the dsa key.",
    .group = 0
  },
  {
    .name = "rsakey",
    .key = 'r',
    .arg = "FILE",
    .flags = 0,
    .doc = "Set the rsa key.",
    .group = 0
  },
  {
    .name = "verbose",
    .key = 'v',
    .arg = NULL,
    .flags = 0,
    .doc = "Get verbose output.",
    .group = 0
  },
  {
    .name = "luksOpen",
    .key = 'l',
    .arg = "DEVICE",
    .flags = 0,
    .doc = "Specify the disk to unlock.",
    .group = 0
  },
  {NULL, 0, 0, 0, NULL, 0}
};

/* Parse a single option. */
static error_t parse_opt (int key, char *arg, struct argp_state *state) {
  /* Get the input argument from argp_parse, which we
   * know is a pointer to our arguments structure.
   */
  ssh_bind sshbind = state->input;

  switch (key) {
    case 'p':
      ssh_bind_options_set(sshbind, SSH_BIND_OPTIONS_BINDPORT_STR, arg);
      break;
    case 'd':
      ssh_bind_options_set(sshbind, SSH_BIND_OPTIONS_DSAKEY, arg);
      break;
    case 'k':
      ssh_bind_options_set(sshbind, SSH_BIND_OPTIONS_HOSTKEY, arg);
      break;
    case 'r':
      ssh_bind_options_set(sshbind, SSH_BIND_OPTIONS_RSAKEY, arg);
      break;
    case 'v':
      ssh_bind_options_set(sshbind, SSH_BIND_OPTIONS_LOG_VERBOSITY_STR, "3");
      verbose++;
      break;
    case 'l':
      diskv[diskc++] = arg;
      diskc %= MAX_DISKS;
      break;
    case ARGP_KEY_ARG:
      if (state->arg_num >= 1) {
        /* Too many arguments. */
        argp_usage (state);
      }
      ssh_bind_options_set(sshbind, SSH_BIND_OPTIONS_BINDADDR, arg);
      break;
    case ARGP_KEY_END:
      if (state->arg_num < 1) {
        /* Not enough arguments. */
        argp_usage (state);
      }
      break;
    default:
      return ARGP_ERR_UNKNOWN;
  }

  return 0;
}

/* Our argp parser. */
static struct argp argp = {options, parse_opt, args_doc, doc, NULL, NULL, NULL};

int main(int argc, char **argv){
    ssh_session session;
    ssh_bind sshbind;
    ssh_message message;
    ssh_channel chan=0;
    char buf[2048];
    int auth=0;
    int sftp=0;
    int i;
    int r;

    sshbind=ssh_bind_new();
    session=ssh_new();

    ssh_bind_options_set(sshbind, SSH_BIND_OPTIONS_DSAKEY, KEYS_FOLDER "ssh_host_dsa_key");
    ssh_bind_options_set(sshbind, SSH_BIND_OPTIONS_RSAKEY, KEYS_FOLDER "ssh_host_rsa_key");

    argp_parse (&argp, argc, argv, 0, 0, sshbind);

    if(ssh_bind_listen(sshbind)<0){
        printf("Error listening to socket: %s\n",ssh_get_error(sshbind));
        return 1;
    }
    r=ssh_bind_accept(sshbind,session);
    if(r==SSH_ERROR){
      printf("error accepting a connection : %s\n",ssh_get_error(sshbind));
      return 1;
    }
    if (ssh_handle_key_exchange(session)) {
        printf("ssh_handle_key_exchange: %s\n", ssh_get_error(session));
        return 1;
    }
    do {
    do {
        message=ssh_message_get(session);
        if(!message)
            break;
        switch(ssh_message_type(message)){
            case SSH_REQUEST_AUTH:
                switch(ssh_message_subtype(message)){
                    case SSH_AUTH_METHOD_PASSWORD:
                        if(auth_password(ssh_message_auth_user(message),
                           ssh_message_auth_password(message))){
                               auth=1;
                               ssh_message_auth_reply_success(message,0);
                               break;
                           }
                        // not authenticated, send default message
                    case SSH_AUTH_METHOD_NONE:
                    default:
                        ssh_message_auth_set_methods(message,SSH_AUTH_METHOD_PASSWORD);
                        ssh_message_reply_default(message);
                        break;
                }
                break;
            default:
                ssh_message_reply_default(message);
        }
        ssh_message_free(message);
    } while (!auth);
    // we imediatly disconnect everyone.
    ssh_disconnect(session);
    } while (!auth); // repeat if we could not unlock everything
    ssh_bind_free(sshbind);
    ssh_finalize();
    return 0;
}