Challenge: 10.25.2018 - Longest Word

main.py

#!/usr/local/bin/python3

import re, cProfile


#   --------------------------------- CHALLENGE CONTEXT -------------------------------------- #
#	Have the function LongestWord(sen) take the sen parameter being passed and return the 
# 	largest word in the string. If there are two or more words that are the same length, 
#	return the first word from the string with that length. Ignore punctuation and assume 
#	sen will not be empty.    
#
#	Sample Test Cases
#	Input:"fun&!! time"
#	Output:"time"
#
#	Input:"I love dogs"
#	Output:"love"
#
#   --------------------------------- PROCESS WIREFRAME -------------------------------------- #
#
#	1. Need to find length of each word in sentence
#		1a. To accomplish, we break apart the sentence on each space (" ") character; 
#			resulting in an array of words as array elements
#	2. Special characters can't count toward word length/count; ergo, special characters 
#	   must be removed
#		2a. Use regular expression (regex) to remove unwanted special characters from full sentence
#	3. Need to determine the longest word in the sentence
#		3a. Sort the array by element length (longest to shortest)
#	4. Extract the longest word in the array
#		4a. At this point, because we have already sorted the array (longest to shortest), the first
#			element in the array will be the longest word.  Simply return the first element.
#
#   --------------------------------- PROPOSED SOLUTION -------------------------------------- #

def LongestWord ( sen ) : 
	#	Profiler: 320 function calls in 0.002 seconds
	#
	#	1. Remove all special characters from entire sentence
	#		1a. This could be done on "w" for each iterated word; however, this wouldn't be optimal as 
	#			we can call it once instead to save gas
	#	2. Split sentence by space character (' ') to create list/array of each separate word
	#	3. Sort the list/array based on length of element value (largest to smallest) using lambda function
	#	4. "[0:1]" select the first in the list
	
	return sorted(re.sub(r'[^a-zA-Z0-9 ]', '', sen).split(' '), key=lambda item: (-len(item), item))[0:1]

	
#   --------------------------------- ALTERNATE SOLUTIONS ------------------------------------ #

	
def LongestWord_sortrev ( sen ) : 
	#	Profiler: 232 function calls in 0.003 seconds
	#
	#	1. Remove all special characters from entire sentence
	#		1a. This could be done on "w" for each iterated word; however, this wouldn't be optimal as 
	#			we can call it once instead to save gas
	#	2. Split sentence by space character (' ') to create list/array of each separate word
	#	3. Sort the list/array based on length of element value (largest to smallest)
	#	4. "[0:1]" select the first in the list
	
	return sorted(re.sub(r'[^a-zA-Z0-9 ]', '', sen).split(' '), key=len, reverse=True)[0:1]


def LongestWord_wordreg ( sen ) : 
	#	Profiler: 352 function calls in 0.003 seconds
	#
	#	1. Split sentence based on space character (' ') to create list/array of each word
	#	2. Remove all special characters from each word in sentence, iterated with list comprehension
	#	3. Sort the list/array based on length of element value (largest to smallest)
	#	4. "[0:1]" select the first in the list
	
	return sorted([ re.sub(r'[^a-zA-Z0-9 ]', '', word) for word in sen.split(' ') ], key=len, reverse=True)[0:1]
	
	
	
#   ------------------------------------ TEST SCENARIOS -------------------------------------- #
#
# 	Test method definition to test LongestWord definition.  Pass multiple sentences to 
#	function to test output/logic.

def test_LongestWord () :
	sentences = [	 "()this#@ !#@is#!! !@#!#@%%$@#*^my$ sentence sentense!"
					,"Hello World"
					,"This is a          sentence with multiple spaces."
					,"My brother has 3 dogs."
					,"There... was a racoon in my trash can yesterday!"
					,"The Trash Panda was eating left-over lasagna."
				]

	# Iterate over each sentence in the list of sentences to test
	for sentence in sentences :
		# Pass the sentence to the LongestWord() function, and format the printed output
		print( "%s - %s" % ( LongestWord( sentence ), sentence ) )

		
#   --------------------------------- MAIN EXECUTION BLOCK ----------------------------------- #
#
# Profile the current setup
cProfile.run( 'test_LongestWord()' )

# keep this function call here, where "input()" is user input to create custom sentence
print( LongestWord( input() ) )