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Set up Wordpress + LAMP on Amazon Ec2
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Utilization</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="ec2-instance-troubleshoot.html">Troubleshooting</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="Using_InstanceStraightToTerminated.html">Launching Your Instance</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="TroubleshootingInstancesConnecting.html">Connecting to Your Instance</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="TroubleshootingInstancesStopping.html">Stopping Your Instance</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="TroubleshootingInstancesShuttingDown.html">Terminating Your Instance</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="TroubleshootingInstanceRecovery.html">Instance Recovery Failures</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="TroubleshootingInstances.html">Failed Status Checks</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="instance-capacity.html">Instance Capacity</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="instance-console.html">Getting Console Output and Rebooting Instances</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="instance-booting-from-wrong-volume.html">My Instance is Booting from the Wrong | |
| Volume</a></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="available-apis.html">Making API Requests</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="DocumentHistory.html">Document History</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="glossary.html">AWS Glossary</a></li></ul></div></div><div id="main-column"><div id="main"><div id="main-content"><div id="breadcrumbs"><table summary="Breadcrumbs"><tr><td><div class="navheader"><div class="breadcrumb"><a href="http://aws.amazon.com/documentation/">AWS Documentation</a> » <a href="http://aws.amazon.com/documentation/ec2/">Amazon EC2</a> » <a href="http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/">User Guide for Linux Instances</a> » <a href="ec2-tutorials.html">Tutorials for Amazon EC2 Instances Running Linux</a> » <span class="breadcrumb">Tutorial: Installing a LAMP Web Server on Amazon Linux</span></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="main-col-body"><div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="topictitle">Tutorial: Installing a LAMP Web Server on Amazon Linux</h1></div></div></div><p>The following procedures help you install the Apache web server with PHP and MySQL support | |
| on your Amazon Linux instance (sometimes called a LAMP web server or LAMP stack). You can use this | |
| server to host a static website or deploy a dynamic PHP application that reads and writes | |
| information to a database.</p><p><span class="formpara">Prerequisites</span></p><p>This tutorial assumes that you have already launched an instance with a public DNS | |
| name that is reachable from the Internet. For more information, see <a class="xref" href="EC2_GetStarted.html#ec2-launch-instance_linux" title="Step 1: Launch an Instance">Step 1: Launch an Instance</a>. You | |
| must also have configured your security group to allow <code class="literal">SSH</code> (port 22), | |
| <code class="literal">HTTP</code> (port 80), and <code class="literal">HTTPS</code> (port 443) | |
| connections. For more information about these prerequisites, see <a class="xref" href="get-set-up-for-amazon-ec2.html" title="Setting Up with Amazon EC2">Setting Up with Amazon EC2</a>.</p><div class="aws-note"><p class="aws-note">Important</p><p>If you are trying to set up a LAMP web server on an Ubuntu instance, this tutorial | |
| will not work for you. These procedures are intended for use with Amazon Linux. For more | |
| information about other distributions, see their specific documentation. For | |
| information about LAMP web servers on Ubuntu, see the Ubuntu community documentation | |
| <a class="ulink" href="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ApacheMySQLPHP" target="_blank">ApacheMySQLPHP</a> | |
| topic.</p></div><div class="procedure"><a name="d0e3713"></a><p class="title"><b>To install and start the LAMP web server on Amazon Linux</b></p><ol class="procedure" type="1"><li class="step"><p><a class="link" href="EC2_GetStarted.html#ec2-connect-to-instance-linux" title="Step 2: Connect to Your Instance">Connect to your | |
| instance</a>.</p></li><li class="step"><p>To ensure that all of your software packages are up to date, perform a quick | |
| software update on your instance. This process may take a few minutes, but it is | |
| important to make sure you have the latest security updates and bug fixes.</p><div class="aws-note"><p class="aws-note">Note</p><p>The <code class="option">-y</code> option installs the updates without asking for | |
| confirmation. If you would like to examine the updates before installing, | |
| you can omit this option.</p></div><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo yum update -y</code></strong></code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Now that your instance is current, you can install the Apache web server, MySQL, | |
| and PHP software packages. Use the <span class="command"><strong>yum install</strong></span> command to install | |
| multiple software packages and all related dependencies at the same time. | |
| </p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo yum install -y httpd24 php56 mysql55-server php56-mysqlnd</code></strong></code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Start the Apache web | |
| server.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo service httpd start</code></strong> | |
| Starting httpd: [ OK ]</code></pre></li><li class="step"><p> Use the <span class="command"><strong>chkconfig</strong></span> command to configure the Apache web server | |
| to start at each system boot.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo chkconfig httpd on</code></strong></code></pre><div class="aws-note"><p class="aws-note">Tip</p><p>The <span class="command"><strong>chkconfig</strong></span> command does not provide any confirmation | |
| message when you successfully enable a service. You can verify that | |
| <span class="command"><strong>httpd</strong></span> is on by running the following command.</p></div><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>chkconfig --list httpd</code></strong> | |
| httpd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off</code></pre><p>Here, | |
| <span class="command"><strong>httpd</strong></span> is <code class="literal">on</code> in runlevels 2, 3, 4, and 5 | |
| (which is what you want to see).</p></li><li class="step"><p>Test your web server. In a web browser, enter the public DNS address (or the | |
| public IP address) of your instance; you should see the Apache test page. You can | |
| get the public DNS for your instance using the Amazon EC2 console (check the | |
| <span class="guilabel">Public DNS</span> column; if this column is hidden, choose | |
| <span class="guilabel">Show/Hide</span> and select <span class="guilabel">Public DNS</span>).</p><div class="aws-note"><p class="aws-note">Tip</p><p>If you are unable to see the Apache test page, check that the security | |
| group you are using contains a rule to allow <code class="literal">HTTP</code> (port | |
| 80) traffic. For information about adding an <code class="literal">HTTP</code> rule to | |
| your security group, see <a class="xref" href="using-network-security.html#adding-security-group-rule" title="Adding Rules to a Security Group">Adding Rules to a Security Group</a>.</p></div><div class="aws-note"><p class="aws-note">Important</p><p>If you are not using Amazon Linux, you may also need to configure the firewall on | |
| your instance to allow these connections. For more information about how to | |
| configure the firewall, see the documentation for your specific | |
| distribution.</p></div><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/apache_test_page2.4.png" alt="Apache test page"></div><div class="aws-note"><p class="aws-note">Note</p><p>This test page appears only when there is no content in | |
| <code class="filename">/var/www/html</code>. When you add content to the document | |
| root, your content appears at the public DNS address of your instance instead of | |
| this test page.</p></div></li></ol></div><p>Apache <span class="command"><strong>httpd</strong></span> serves files that are kept in a directory called the | |
| Apache document root. The Amazon Linux Apache document root is <code class="filename">/var/www/html</code>, | |
| which is owned by <code class="literal">root</code> by | |
| default.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>ls -l /var/www</code></strong> | |
| total 16 | |
| drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 12 01:00 cgi-bin | |
| drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Aug 7 00:02 error | |
| drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan 6 2012 html | |
| drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Aug 7 00:02 icons | |
| </code></pre><p>To | |
| allow <code class="literal">ec2-user</code> to manipulate files in this directory, you need to modify | |
| the ownership and permissions of the directory. There are many ways to accomplish this task; | |
| in this tutorial, you add a <code class="literal">www</code> group to your instance, and you give that | |
| group ownership of the <code class="filename">/var/www</code> directory and add write permissions for | |
| the group. Any members of that group will then be able to add, delete, and modify files for | |
| the web server.</p><div class="procedure"><a name="SettingFilePermissions"></a><p class="title"><b>To set file permissions</b></p><ol class="procedure" type="1"><li class="step"><p>Add the <code class="literal">www</code> group to your | |
| instance.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo groupadd www</code></strong></code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Add your user (in this case, <code class="literal">ec2-user</code>) to the | |
| <code class="literal">www</code> group.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo usermod -a -G www <em class="replaceable"><code>ec2-user</code></em></code></strong></code></pre><div class="aws-note"><p class="aws-note">Important</p><p>You need to log out and log back in to pick up the new group. You can use | |
| the <span class="command"><strong>exit</strong></span> command, or close the terminal window.</p></div></li><li class="step"><p>Log out and then log back in again, and verify your membership in the | |
| <code class="literal">www</code> group.</p><ol type="a" class="substeps"><li class="step"><p>Log | |
| out.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>exit</code></strong></code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Reconnect to your instance, and then run the following command to verify | |
| your membership in the <code class="literal">www</code> | |
| group.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>groups</code></strong> | |
| ec2-user wheel www</code></pre></li></ol></li><li class="step"><p>Change the group ownership of <code class="filename">/var/www</code> and its contents to | |
| the <code class="literal">www</code> | |
| group.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo chown -R root:www /var/www</code></strong></code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Change the directory permissions of <code class="filename">/var/www</code> and its | |
| subdirectories to add group write permissions and to set the group ID on future | |
| subdirectories.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo chmod 2775 /var/www</code></strong> | |
| [ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>find /var/www -type d -exec sudo chmod 2775 {} \;</code></strong></code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Recursively change the file permissions of <code class="filename">/var/www</code> and its | |
| subdirectories to add group write | |
| permissions.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>find /var/www -type f -exec sudo chmod 0664 {} \;</code></strong></code></pre></li></ol></div><p>Now <code class="literal">ec2-user</code> (and any future members of the <code class="literal">www</code> | |
| group) can add, delete, and edit files in the Apache document root. Now you are ready to add | |
| content, such as a static website or a PHP application.</p><p><span class="formpara">(Optional) Secure your web server</span></p><p>A web server running the HTTP protocol provides no transport security for the data | |
| that it sends or receives. When you connect to an HTTP server using a web browser, the | |
| URLs that you enter, the content of web pages that you receive, and the contents | |
| (including passwords) of any HTML forms that you submit are all visible to eavesdroppers | |
| anywhere along the network pathway. The best practice for securing your web server is to | |
| install support for HTTPS (HTTP Secure), which protects your data with SSL/TLS | |
| encryption.</p><p>For information about enabling HTTPS on your server, see <a class="ulink" href="http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/SSL-on-an-instance.html" target="_blank">Tutorial: Configure Apache Web Server on | |
| Amazon Linux to use SSL/TLS</a>.</p><div class="procedure"><a name="d0e3961"></a><p class="title"><b>To test your LAMP web server </b></p><p>If your server is installed and running, and your file permissions are set correctly, | |
| your <code class="literal">ec2-user</code> account should be able to create a simple PHP file in | |
| the <code class="filename">/var/www/html</code> directory that will be available from the | |
| Internet.</p><ol class="procedure" type="1"><li class="step"><p>Create a simple PHP file in the Apache document root.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>echo "<?php phpinfo(); ?>" > /var/www/html/phpinfo.php</code></strong></code></pre><div class="aws-note"><p class="aws-note">Tip</p><p>If you get a "<code class="literal">Permission denied</code>" error when trying to | |
| run this command, try logging out and logging back in again to pick up the | |
| proper group permissions that you configured in <a class="xref" href="install-LAMP.html#SettingFilePermissions" title="To set file permissions">To set file permissions</a>.</p></div></li><li class="step"><p>In a web browser, enter the URL of the file you just created. This URL is the | |
| public DNS address of your instance followed by a forward slash and the file name. | |
| For | |
| example:</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">http://<em class="replaceable"><code>my.public.dns.amazonaws.com</code></em>/phpinfo.php</code></pre><p>You | |
| should see the PHP information page:</p><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/phpinfo5.6.6.png"></div><div class="aws-note"><p class="aws-note">Note</p><p>If you do not see this page, verify that the | |
| <code class="filename">/var/www/html/phpinfo.php</code> file was created properly in | |
| the previous step. You can also verify that all of the required packages were | |
| installed with the following command (the package versions in the second column | |
| do not need to match this example | |
| output):</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo yum list installed httpd24 php56 mysql55-server php56-mysqlnd</code></strong> | |
| Loaded plugins: priorities, update-motd, upgrade-helper | |
| 959 packages excluded due to repository priority protections | |
| Installed Packages | |
| httpd24.x86_64 2.4.16-1.62.amzn1 @amzn-main | |
| mysql55-server.x86_64 5.5.45-1.9.amzn1 @amzn-main | |
| php56.x86_64 5.6.13-1.118.amzn1 @amzn-main | |
| php56-mysqlnd.x86_64 5.6.13-1.118.amzn1 @amzn-main</code></pre><p>If any of the required packages are not listed in your output, install them | |
| with the <span class="command"><strong>sudo yum install <em class="replaceable"><code>package</code></em></strong></span> | |
| command.</p></div></li><li class="step"><p>Delete the <code class="filename">phpinfo.php</code> file. Although this can be useful | |
| information to you, it should not be broadcast to the Internet for security | |
| reasons.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>rm /var/www/html/phpinfo.php</code></strong></code></pre></li></ol></div><div class="procedure"><a name="SecuringMySQLProcedure"></a><p class="title"><b>To secure the MySQL server</b></p><p>The default installation of the MySQL server has several features that are great for | |
| testing and development, but they should be disabled or removed for production servers. | |
| The <span class="command"><strong>mysql_secure_installation</strong></span> command walks you through the process | |
| of setting a root password and removing the insecure features from your installation. | |
| Even if you are not planning on using the MySQL server, performing this procedure is a | |
| good idea.</p><ol class="procedure" type="1"><li class="step"><p>Start the MySQL server. | |
| </p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo service mysqld start</code></strong> | |
| Initializing MySQL database: Installing MySQL system tables... | |
| OK | |
| Filling help tables... | |
| OK | |
| To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy | |
| support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system | |
| PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER ! | |
| ... | |
| Starting mysqld: [ OK ] | |
| </code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Run <span class="command"><strong>mysql_secure_installation</strong></span>. | |
| </p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo mysql_secure_installation</code></strong></code></pre><ol type="a" class="substeps"><li class="step"><p>When prompted, enter a password for the <code class="literal">root</code> | |
| account.</p><ol type="i" class="substeps"><li class="step"><p>Enter the current <code class="literal">root</code> password. By default, | |
| the <code class="literal">root</code> account does not have a password set, so | |
| press <span class="keycap"><strong>Enter</strong></span>.</p></li><li class="step"><p>Type <span class="keycap"><strong>Y</strong></span> to set a password, and enter a secure | |
| password twice. For more information about creating a secure | |
| password, see <a class="ulink" href="http://www.pctools.com/guides/password/" target="_blank">http://www.pctools.com/guides/password/</a>. Make sure to | |
| store this password in a safe place.</p><div class="aws-note"><p class="aws-note">Note</p><p>Setting a root password for MySQL is only the most basic | |
| measure for securing your database. When you build or install a | |
| database-driven application, you typically create a database | |
| service user for that application and avoid using the root | |
| account for anything but database administration. </p></div></li></ol></li><li class="step"><p>Type <span class="keycap"><strong>Y</strong></span> to remove the anonymous user accounts.</p></li><li class="step"><p>Type <span class="keycap"><strong>Y</strong></span> to disable remote <code class="literal">root</code> | |
| login.</p></li><li class="step"><p>Type <span class="keycap"><strong>Y</strong></span> to remove the test database.</p></li><li class="step"><p>Type <span class="keycap"><strong>Y</strong></span> to reload the privilege tables and save your | |
| changes.</p></li></ol></li><li class="step"><p>(Optional) Stop the MySQL server if you do not plan to use it right away. You can | |
| restart the server when you need it | |
| again.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo service mysqld stop</code></strong> | |
| Stopping mysqld: [ OK ]</code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>(Optional) If you want the MySQL server to start at every boot, enter the | |
| following | |
| command.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo chkconfig mysqld on</code></strong></code></pre></li></ol></div><p>You should now have a fully functional LAMP web server. If you add content to the Apache | |
| document root at <code class="filename">/var/www/html</code>, you should be able to view that content | |
| at the public DNS address for your instance. </p><div class="procedure"><a name="d0e4133"></a><p class="title"><b>(Optional) Install phpMyAdmin</b></p><p><a class="ulink" href="https://www.phpmyadmin.net/" target="_blank">phpMyAdmin</a> is a web-based database | |
| management tool that you can use to view and edit the MySQL databases on your EC2 | |
| instance. Follow the steps below to install and configure phpMyAdmin on your Amazon Linux | |
| instance.</p><div class="aws-note"><p class="aws-note">Important</p><p>We do not recommend using phpMyAdmin to access a LAMP server unless you have | |
| enabled SSL/TLS in Apache; otherwise, your database administrator password and other | |
| data will be transmitted insecurely across the Internet. For information about | |
| configuring a secure web server on an EC2 instance, see <a class="ulink" href="http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/SSL-on-an-instance.html" target="_blank">Tutorial: Configure Apache Web | |
| Server on Amazon Linux to use SSL/TLS</a>.</p></div><ol class="procedure" type="1"><li class="step"><p>Enable the Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux (EPEL) repository from the Fedora | |
| project on your | |
| instance.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo yum-config-manager --enable <em class="replaceable"><code>epel</code></em></code></strong></code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Install the <code class="literal">phpMyAdmin</code> package.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo yum install -y phpMyAdmin</code></strong></code></pre><div class="aws-note"><p class="aws-note">Note</p><p>Answer <code class="literal">y</code> to import the GPG key for the EPEL repository | |
| when prompted.</p></div></li><li class="step"><p>Configure your <code class="literal">phpMyAdmin</code> installation to allow access from | |
| your local machine. By default, <code class="literal">phpMyAdmin</code> only allows access | |
| from the server that it is running on, which is not very useful because Amazon Linux does | |
| not include a web browser.</p><ol type="a" class="substeps"><li class="step"><p>Find your local IP address by visiting a service such as <a class="ulink" href="https://www.whatismyip.com/" target="_blank">whatismyip.com</a>.</p></li><li class="step"><p><a name="step-phpMyAdmin.conf"></a>Edit the <code class="filename">/etc/httpd/conf.d/phpMyAdmin.conf</code> file and | |
| replace the server IP address (127.0.0.1) with your local IP address with | |
| the following command, replacing <em class="replaceable"><code>your_ip_address</code></em> | |
| with the local IP address that you identified in the previous | |
| step.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo sed -i -e 's/127.0.0.1/<em class="replaceable"><code>your_ip_address</code></em>/g' /etc/httpd/conf.d/phpMyAdmin.conf</code></strong></code></pre></li></ol></li><li class="step"><p><a name="step-phpMyAdmin-restart-httpd"></a>Restart the Apache web server to pick up the new | |
| configuration.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo service httpd restart</code></strong> | |
| Stopping httpd: [ OK ] | |
| Starting httpd: [ OK ]</code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Restart the MySQL server to pick up the new | |
| configuration.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo service mysqld restart</code></strong> | |
| Stopping mysqld: [ OK ] | |
| Starting mysqld: [ OK ]</code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>In a web browser, enter the URL of your <code class="literal">phpMyAdmin</code> | |
| installation. This URL is the public DNS address of your instance followed by a | |
| forward slash and <code class="literal">phpmyadmin</code>. For | |
| example:</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">http://<em class="replaceable"><code>my.public.dns.amazonaws.com</code></em>/phpmyadmin</code></pre><p>You | |
| should see the phpMyAdmin login page:</p><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/phpmyadmin_login.png"></div><div class="aws-note"><p class="aws-note">Note</p><p>If you get a <code class="literal">403 Forbidden</code> error, verify that you have set | |
| the correct IP address in the | |
| <code class="filename">/etc/httpd/conf.d/phpMyAdmin.conf</code> file. You can see | |
| what IP address the Apache server is actually getting your requests from by | |
| viewing the Apache access log with the following | |
| command:</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo tail -n 1 /var/log/httpd/access_log | awk '{ print $1 }'</code></strong> | |
| <em class="replaceable"><code>205.251.233.48</code></em></code></pre><p>Repeat | |
| <a class="xref" href="install-LAMP.html#step-phpMyAdmin.conf" title="Step 3.b">Step 3.b</a>, replacing the incorrect address that | |
| you previously entered with the address returned here; for example: | |
| </p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo sed -i -e 's/<em class="replaceable"><code>previous_ip_address</code></em>/<em class="replaceable"><code>205.251.233.48</code></em>/g' /etc/httpd/conf.d/phpMyAdmin.conf</code></strong></code></pre><p>After you've replaced the IP address, restart the <code class="literal">httpd</code> | |
| service with <a class="xref" href="install-LAMP.html#step-phpMyAdmin-restart-httpd" title="Step 4">Step 4</a>.</p></div></li><li class="step"><p>Log into your <code class="literal">phpMyAdmin</code> installation with the | |
| <code class="literal">root</code> user name and the MySQL root password you created | |
| earlier. For more information about using <code class="literal">phpMyAdmin</code>, see the | |
| <a class="ulink" href="http://docs.phpmyadmin.net/en/latest/user.html" target="_blank"><code class="literal">phpMyAdmin</code> User Guide</a>.</p></li></ol></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both" id="lamp-more-info">Related Topics</h2></div></div></div><p>For more information on transferring files to your instance or installing a WordPress | |
| blog on your web server, see the following topics: </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p><a class="xref" href="putty.html#Transfer_WinSCP" title="Transferring Files to Your Linux Instance Using WinSCP">Transferring Files to Your Linux Instance Using | |
| WinSCP</a></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a class="xref" href="AccessingInstancesLinux.html#AccessingInstancesLinuxSCP" title="Transferring Files to Linux Instances from Linux Using SCP">Transferring Files to Linux Instances from | |
| Linux Using SCP</a></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a class="xref" href="hosting-wordpress.html" title="Tutorial: Hosting a WordPress Blog with Amazon Linux">Tutorial: Hosting a WordPress Blog with Amazon Linux</a></p></li></ul></div><p>For more information about the commands and software used in this topic, see the | |
| following web pages: </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>Apache web server: <a class="ulink" href="http://httpd.apache.org/" target="_blank">http://httpd.apache.org/</a></p></li><li class="listitem"><p>MySQL database server: <a class="ulink" href="http://www.mysql.com/" target="_blank">http://www.mysql.com/</a></p></li><li class="listitem"><p>PHP programming language: <a class="ulink" href="http://php.net/" target="_blank">http://php.net/</a></p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The <code class="code">chmod</code> command: <a class="ulink" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chmod" target="_blank">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chmod</a></p></li><li class="listitem"><p>The <code class="code">chown</code> command: <a class="ulink" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chown" target="_blank">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chown</a></p></li></ul></div><p>If you are interested in registering a domain name for your web server, or | |
| transferring an existing domain name to this host, see <a class="ulink" href="http://docs.aws.amazon.com/Route53/latest/DeveloperGuide/creating-migrating.html" target="_blank">Creating and Migrating Domains and | |
| Subdomains to Amazon Route 53</a> in the | |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>Amazon Route 53 Developer Guide</em></span>.</p></div></div></div><img src="images/expanderarrow.png" style="display:none;height:0;width:0"><div id="main-col-footer"><div id="doc-conventions"><a target="_top" href="/general/latest/gr/docconventions.html">Document Conventions</a></div><div id="next"><a class="awstoc" accesskey="p" href="ec2-tutorials.html">« Previous </a><a class="awstoc" accesskey="n" href="hosting-wordpress.html">Next »</a></div><div id="copyright-main-footer">© 2016, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.</div></div></div></div><div id="right-expanded"><div id="right-content-wrapper"><div id="right-col-header"><a id="pdf_link" href="ec2-ug.pdf"> PDF </a><text> | </text><a target="_blank" href="http://www.amazon.com/dp/B007Q4H9JI">Kindle </a></div></div></div></div></div><div id="footer"><div id="footer_short_fb" class="hide" title="Feedback"><a target="_blank" href="https://docs.aws.amazon.com/forms/aws-doc-feedback?hidden_service_name=EC2&hidden_guide_name=User Guide for Linux Instances&hidden_api_version=&hidden_file_name=install-LAMP"><i class="fa fa-envelope-o"></i></a></div><div id="footer_toggle" class="mediaobject"><img id="footer_toggle_img" src="images/expanderarrow.png"><img id="footer_toggle_img_collapse" class="hide" src="images/expanderarrowright.png"></div><div id="footer-left"><a target="_top" href="http://aws.amazon.com/terms">Terms of Use</a> | © 2016, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.</div><div id="footer-right"><div id="feedback"><div id="forums"><a id="forum_link" target="_blank" href="http://forums.aws.amazon.com/forum.jspa?forumID=30">Have a question? Try the Forums.</a></div><div id="feedback-message">Did this page help you?</div><div id="feedback-yesno-buttons"><a class="awstoc btn btn-default" target="_blank" href="feedbackyes.html?topic_id=install-LAMP">Yes</a><a class="awstoc btn btn-default" target="_blank" href="feedbackno.html?topic_id=install-LAMP">No</a></div><div id="feedback-feedback-button"><a class="awstoc btn btn-default" target="_blank" href="https://docs.aws.amazon.com/forms/aws-doc-feedback?hidden_service_name=EC2&hidden_guide_name=User Guide for Linux Instances&hidden_api_version=&hidden_file_name=install-LAMP">Feedback</a></div></div></div></div><noscript><div><div><div><div id="error_messages"><img src="https://d1ge0kk1l5kms0.cloudfront.net/images/G/01/webservices/console/warning.png" style="float: left;" alt="Warning"><div id="js_error_message"><strong>Javascript is disabled or is unavailable in your browser.</strong><br> To use the AWS Documentation, Javascript must be enabled. Please refer to your browser's Help pages for instructions. </div></div></div></div></div></noscript><!-- SiteCatalyst code version: H.25.2. | |
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| AMI</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="set-up-ami-tools.html">Setting Up the AMI Tools</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="create-instance-store-ami.html">Creating an AMI from an Instance Store-Backed Instance</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="Using_ConvertingS3toEBS.html">Converting to an Amazon EBS-Backed AMI</a></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="AMIEncryption.html">AMIs with Encrypted Snapshots</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="CopyingAMIs.html">Copying an AMI</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="deregister-ami.html">Deregistering Your AMI</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="AmazonLinuxAMIBasics.html">Amazon Linux</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="UserProvidedKernels.html">PV-GRUB</a></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="Instances.html">Instances</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="instance-types.html">Instance Types</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="t2-instances.html">T2 Instances</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="c4-instances.html">C4 Instances</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="using_cluster_computing.html">GPU Instances</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="i2-instances.html">I2 Instances</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="d2-instances.html">D2 Instances</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="storage_instances.html">HI1 Instances</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="high_storage_instances.html">HS1 Instances</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="concepts_micro_instances.html">T1 Micro Instances</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="x1-instances.html">X1 Instances</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ec2-instance-resize.html">Resizing Instances</a></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="instance-purchasing-options.html">Instance Purchasing Options</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="concepts-on-demand-reserved-instances.html">Reserved Instances</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="reserved-instances-fundamentals.html">How Reserved Instances Work</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="concepts-reserved-instances-application.html">Billing Benefits and Payment | |
| Options</a></li><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="ri-market-concepts-buying.html">Buying Reserved Instances</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ri-market-buying-guide.html">Buying in the Reserved Instance | |
| Marketplace</a></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="ri-market-selling-guide.html">Selling in the Reserved Instance Marketplace</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ri-market-seller-profile.html">Registering as a Seller</a></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="ri-modifying.html">Modifying Your Reserved Instances</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ri-modification-limits.html">Requirements for Modification</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ri-modification-instancemove.html">Modifying the Instance Size of Your | |
| Reservations</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ri-modification-process.html">Submitting Modification Requests</a></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ri-modification-process-messages.html">Troubleshooting Modification | |
| Requests</a></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ec2-scheduled-instances.html">Scheduled Instances</a></li><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="using-spot-instances.html">Spot Instances</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="how-spot-instances-work.html">How Spot Instances Work</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="spot-fleet.html">How Spot Fleet Works</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="using-spot-instances-history.html">Spot Instance Pricing History</a></li><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="spot-requests.html">Spot Instance Requests</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="spot-request-examples.html">Example Launch Specifications</a></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="spot-fleet-requests.html">Spot Fleet Requests</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="spot-fleet-examples.html">Example Configurations</a></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="spot-fleet-cloudwatch-metrics.html">CloudWatch Metrics for Spot Fleet</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="spot-fleet-automatic-scaling.html">Automatic Scaling for Spot Fleet</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="spot-bid-status.html">Spot Bid Status</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="spot-interruptions.html">Spot Instance Interruptions</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="spot-data-feeds.html">Spot Instance Data Feed</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="using-spot-limits.html">Spot Instance Limits</a></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="dedicated-hosts-overview.html">Dedicated Hosts</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="how-dedicated-hosts-work.html">Using Dedicated Hosts</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="dedicated-hosts-instance-placement.html">Understanding Instance | |
| Placement and Host Affinity</a></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="dedicated-hosts-monitoring.html">Monitoring Dedicated Hosts</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="ec2-instance-lifecycle.html">Instance Lifecycle</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="LaunchingAndUsingInstances.html">Launch</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="launching-instance.html">Launching an Instance</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="launch-more-like-this.html">Launching an Instance From an Existing Instance</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="instance-launch-snapshot.html">Launching a Linux Instance from a Backup</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="launch-marketplace-console.html">Launching an AWS Marketplace Instance</a></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="AccessingInstances.html">Connect</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="AccessingInstancesLinux.html">Connect Using SSH</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="putty.html">Connect Using PuTTY</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="mindterm.html">Connect Using MindTerm</a></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="Stop_Start.html">Stop and Start</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ec2-instance-reboot.html">Reboot</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="instance-retirement.html">Retire</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="terminating-instances.html">Terminate</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ec2-instance-recover.html">Recover</a></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="Configure_Instance.html">Configure Instances</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="managing-software.html">Managing Software</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="install-updates.html">Updating Instance Software</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="add-repositories.html">Adding Repositories</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="find-software.html">Finding Software Packages</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="install-software.html">Installing Software Packages</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="compile-software.html">Preparing to Compile Software</a></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="managing-users.html">Managing Users</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="processor_state_control.html">Processor State Control</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="set-time.html">Setting the Time</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="set-hostname.html">Changing the Hostname</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="dynamic-dns.html">Setting Up Dynamic DNS</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="user-data.html">Running Commands at Launch</a></li><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="ec2-instance-metadata.html">Instance Metadata and User Data</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="instance-identity-documents.html">Instance Identity Documents</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="execute-remote-commands.html">Remotely Manage Your Instances</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="run-command-concepts.html">Components and Concepts</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="remote-commands-prereq.html">Prerequisites</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="install-ssm-agent.html">Installing the SSM Agent</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="delegate-commands.html">Delegating Access</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="managed-instances.html">Setting Up Run Command On Managed Instances</a></li><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="run-command.html">Executing Commands</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="remote-commands-shellcript.html">Running Shell Scripts</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="remote-commands-updatessmagent.html">Updating the AWS SSM Agent</a></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="output-commands.html">Viewing Command Output</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="create-ssm-doc.html">Creating SSM Documents</a></li><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="ssm-sharing.html">Sharing SSM Documents</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ssm-before-you-share.html">Guidelines for Sharing and Using Shared SSM | |
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closed"><a class="awstoc" href="using-cloudwatch.html">Monitoring Your Instances Using CloudWatch</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="using-cloudwatch-new.html">Enable Detailed Monitoring</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="viewing_metrics_with_cloudwatch.html">List Available Metrics</a></li><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="monitoring_get_statistics.html">Get Statistics for Metrics</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="US_SingleMetricPerInstance.html">Get Statistics for a Specific Instance</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="GetSingleMetricAllDimensions.html">Aggregate Statistics Across Instances</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="GetMetricAutoScalingGroup.html">Aggregate Statistics by Auto Scaling Group</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="US_SingleMetricPerAMI.html">Aggregate Statistics by Image (AMI) 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class="awstoc" href="Storage.html">Storage</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="AmazonEBS.html">Amazon EBS</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="EBSVolumes.html">EBS Volumes</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="EBSVolumeTypes.html">EBS Volume Types</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ebs-creating-volume.html">Creating a Volume</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ebs-restoring-volume.html">Restoring from a Snapshot</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ebs-attaching-volume.html">Attaching a Volume to an Instance</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ebs-using-volumes.html">Making a Volume Available for Use</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ebs-describing-volumes.html">Volume Information</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="monitoring-volume-status.html">Monitoring the Status of Your Volumes</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ebs-detaching-volume.html">Detaching a Volume from an Instance</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ebs-deleting-volume.html">Deleting a Volume</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ebs-expand-volume.html">Expanding a Volume</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="storage_expand_partition.html">Expanding a Linux Partition</a></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="EBSSnapshots.html">EBS Snapshots</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ebs-creating-snapshot.html">Creating a Snapshot</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ebs-deleting-snapshot.html">Deleting a Snapshot</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ebs-copy-snapshot.html">Copying a Snapshot</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ebs-describing-snapshots.html">Viewing Snapshot Information</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ebs-modifying-snapshot-permissions.html">Sharing a Snapshot</a></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="EBSOptimized.html">EBS Optimization</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="EBSEncryption.html">EBS Encryption</a></li><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="EBSPerformance.html">EBS Performance</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ebs-ec2-config.html">EC2 Configuration</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ebs-io-characteristics.html">I/O Characteristics</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ebs-initialize.html">Initialize Volumes</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="raid-config.html">RAID Configuration on Linux</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="benchmark_procedures.html">Benchmark EBS Volumes</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="InstanceStorage.html">Instance Store</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="add-instance-store-volumes.html">Add Instance Store Volumes</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ssd-instance-store.html">SSD Instance Store Volumes</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="instance-store-swap-volumes.html">Instance Store Swap Volumes</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="disk-performance.html">Optimizing Disk Performance</a></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="AmazonS3.html">Amazon S3</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="volume_limits.html">Instance Volume Limits</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="device_naming.html">Device Naming</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="block-device-mapping-concepts.html">Block Device Mapping</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="using-public-data-sets.html">Using Public Data Sets</a></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="EC2_Resources.html">Resources and Tags</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="resources.html">Resource Locations</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="resource-ids.html">Resource IDs</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="Using_Filtering.html">Listing and Filtering Your Resources</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="Using_Tags.html">Tagging Your Resources</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="ec2-resource-limits.html">Service Limits</a></li><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="usage-reports.html">Usage Reports</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="usage-reports-instance.html">Instance Usage</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="usage-reports-ri.html">Reserved Instance Utilization</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc closed"><a class="awstoc" href="ec2-instance-troubleshoot.html">Troubleshooting</a><ul class="awstoc"><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="Using_InstanceStraightToTerminated.html">Launching Your Instance</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="TroubleshootingInstancesConnecting.html">Connecting to Your Instance</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="TroubleshootingInstancesStopping.html">Stopping Your Instance</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="TroubleshootingInstancesShuttingDown.html">Terminating Your Instance</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="TroubleshootingInstanceRecovery.html">Instance Recovery Failures</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="TroubleshootingInstances.html">Failed Status Checks</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="instance-capacity.html">Instance Capacity</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="instance-console.html">Getting Console Output and Rebooting Instances</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="instance-booting-from-wrong-volume.html">My Instance is Booting from the Wrong | |
| Volume</a></li></ul></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="available-apis.html">Making API Requests</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="DocumentHistory.html">Document History</a></li><li class="awstoc leaf"><a class="awstoc" href="glossary.html">AWS Glossary</a></li></ul></div></div><div id="main-column"><div id="main"><div id="main-content"><div id="breadcrumbs"><table summary="Breadcrumbs"><tr><td><div class="navheader"><div class="breadcrumb"><a href="http://aws.amazon.com/documentation/">AWS Documentation</a> » <a href="http://aws.amazon.com/documentation/ec2/">Amazon EC2</a> » <a href="http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/">User Guide for Linux Instances</a> » <a href="ec2-tutorials.html">Tutorials for Amazon EC2 Instances Running Linux</a> » <span class="breadcrumb">Tutorial: Hosting a WordPress Blog with Amazon Linux</span></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="main-col-body"><div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="topictitle">Tutorial: Hosting a WordPress Blog with Amazon Linux</h1></div></div></div><p>The following procedures will help you install, configure, and secure a WordPress blog on | |
| your Amazon Linux instance.</p><div class="aws-note"><p class="aws-note">Important</p><p>These procedures are intended for use with Amazon Linux. For more information about other | |
| distributions, see their specific documentation. Many steps in this tutorial do not work | |
| on Ubuntu instances. For help installing WordPress on an Ubuntu instance, see <a class="ulink" href="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/WordPress" target="_blank">WordPress</a> in the Ubuntu | |
| documentation.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both" id="hosting-wordpress-prereqs">Prerequisites</h2></div></div></div><p>This tutorial assumes that you have launched an Amazon Linux instance with a functional | |
| web server with PHP and MySQL support by following all of the steps in <a class="xref" href="install-LAMP.html" title="Tutorial: Installing a LAMP Web Server on Amazon Linux">Tutorial: Installing a LAMP Web Server on Amazon Linux</a>. This tutorial also has | |
| steps for configuring a security group to allow <code class="literal">HTTP</code> and | |
| <code class="literal">HTTPS</code> traffic, as well as several steps to ensure that file | |
| permissions are set properly for your web server. If you have not already done so, | |
| see <a class="xref" href="install-LAMP.html" title="Tutorial: Installing a LAMP Web Server on Amazon Linux">Tutorial: Installing a LAMP Web Server on Amazon Linux</a> to meet these | |
| prerequisites and then return to this tutorial to install WordPress. For information | |
| about adding rules to your security group, see <a class="xref" href="using-network-security.html#adding-security-group-rule" title="Adding Rules to a Security Group">Adding Rules to a Security Group</a>.</p><p>We strongly recommend that you associate an Elastic IP address (EIP) to the | |
| instance you are using to host a WordPress blog. This prevents the public DNS | |
| address for your instance from changing and breaking your installation. If you own a | |
| domain name and you want to use it for your blog, you can update the DNS record for | |
| the domain name to point to your EIP address (for help with this, contact your | |
| domain name registrar). You can have one EIP address associated with a running | |
| instance at no charge. For more information, see <a class="xref" href="elastic-ip-addresses-eip.html" title="Elastic IP Addresses">Elastic IP Addresses</a>.</p><p>If you don't already have a domain name for your blog, you can register a domain | |
| name with Amazon Route 53 and associate your instance's EIP address with your domain name. For more | |
| information, see <a class="ulink" href="http://docs.aws.amazon.com/Route53/latest/DeveloperGuide/registrar.html" target="_blank">Registering Domain Names Using Amazon Route 53</a> in the | |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>Amazon Route 53 Developer Guide</em></span>.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both" id="install-wordpress">Install WordPress</h2></div></div></div><p>This tutorial is a good introduction to using Amazon EC2 in that you have full control over | |
| a web server that hosts your WordPress blog, which is not typical with a traditional | |
| hosting service. Of course, that means that you are responsible for updating the | |
| software packages and maintaining security patches for your server as well. For a more | |
| automated WordPress installation that does not require direct interaction with the web | |
| server configuration, the AWS CloudFormation service provides a WordPress template that can also get | |
| you started quickly. For more information, see <a class="ulink" href="http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/UserGuide/GettingStarted.Walkthrough.html" target="_blank">Getting Started</a> in the | |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>AWS CloudFormation User Guide</em></span>. If you'd prefer to host your WordPress blog | |
| on a Windows instance, see <a class="ulink" href="http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/WindowsGuide/EC2Win_CreateWordPressBlog.html" target="_blank">Deploying a WordPress Blog on Your Amazon EC2 Windows Instance</a> in the | |
| <span class="emphasis"><em>Amazon EC2 User Guide for Microsoft Windows Instances</em></span>.</p><div class="procedure"><a name="d0e4411"></a><p class="title"><b>To download and unzip the WordPress installation package</b></p><ol class="procedure" type="1"><li class="step"><p>Download the latest WordPress installation package with the | |
| <span class="command"><strong>wget</strong></span> command. The following command should always | |
| download the latest | |
| release.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>wget https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz</code></strong> | |
| --2013-08-09 17:19:01-- https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz | |
| Resolving wordpress.org (wordpress.org)... 66.155.40.249, 66.155.40.250 | |
| Connecting to wordpress.org (wordpress.org)|66.155.40.249|:443... connected. | |
| HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK | |
| Length: 4028740 (3.8M) [application/x-gzip] | |
| Saving to: latest.tar.gz | |
| 100%[======================================>] 4,028,740 20.1MB/s in 0.2s | |
| 2013-08-09 17:19:02 (20.1 MB/s) - latest.tar.gz saved [4028740/4028740] | |
| </code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Unzip and unarchive the installation package. The installation folder is | |
| unzipped to a folder called | |
| <code class="filename">wordpress</code>.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>tar -xzf latest.tar.gz</code></strong> | |
| [ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>ls</code></strong> | |
| latest.tar.gz wordpress | |
| </code></pre></li></ol></div><div class="procedure"><a name="create_user_and_database"></a><p class="title"><b>To create a MySQL user and database for your | |
| WordPress installation</b></p><p>Your WordPress installation needs to store information, such as blog post entries | |
| and user comments, in a database. This procedure helps you create a database for | |
| your blog and a user that is authorized to read and save information to that | |
| database. </p><ol class="procedure" type="1"><li class="step"><p>Start the MySQL | |
| server.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo service mysqld start</code></strong></code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Log in to the MySQL server as the <code class="literal">root</code> user. Enter your | |
| MySQL <code class="literal">root</code> password when prompted; this may be different than | |
| your <code class="literal">root</code> system password, or it may even be empty if you | |
| have not secured your MySQL server.</p><div class="aws-note"><p class="aws-note">Important</p><p>If you have not secured your MySQL server yet, it is very important | |
| that you do so. For more information, see <a class="xref" href="install-LAMP.html#SecuringMySQLProcedure" title="To secure the MySQL server">To secure the MySQL server</a>.</p></div><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>mysql -u root -p</code></strong> | |
| Enter password:</code></pre></li><li class="step"><p><a name="create_database_user"></a>Create a user and password for your MySQL database. Your WordPress | |
| installation uses these values to communicate with your MySQL database. Enter | |
| the following command, substituting a unique user name and | |
| password.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">mysql> <strong class="userinput"><code>CREATE USER '<em class="replaceable"><code>wordpress-user</code></em>'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '<em class="replaceable"><code>your_strong_password</code></em>';</code></strong> | |
| Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)</code></pre><p>Make | |
| sure that you create a strong password for your user. Do not use the single | |
| quote character ( ' ) in your password, because this will break the preceding | |
| command. For more information about creating a secure password, go to <a class="ulink" href="http://www.pctools.com/guides/password/" target="_blank">http://www.pctools.com/guides/password/</a>. Do not reuse an existing | |
| password, and make sure to store this password in a safe place.</p></li><li class="step"><p><a name="create_database"></a>Create your database. Give your database a descriptive, meaningful name, such | |
| as <code class="literal">wordpress-db</code>.</p><div class="aws-note"><p class="aws-note">Note</p><p>The punctuation marks surrounding the database name in the command | |
| below are called backticks. The backtick (<span class="keycap"><strong>`</strong></span>) key is | |
| usually located above the <span class="keycap"><strong>Tab</strong></span> key on a standard | |
| keyboard. Backticks are not always required, but they allow you to use | |
| otherwise illegal characters, such as hyphens, in database names.</p></div><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">mysql> <strong class="userinput"><code>CREATE DATABASE `<em class="replaceable"><code>wordpress-db</code></em>`;</code></strong> | |
| Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)</code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Grant full privileges for your database to the WordPress user that you created | |
| earlier.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">mysql> <strong class="userinput"><code>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON `<em class="replaceable"><code>wordpress-db</code></em>`.* TO "<em class="replaceable"><code>wordpress-user</code></em>"@"localhost";</code></strong> | |
| Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)</code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Flush the MySQL privileges to pick up all of your | |
| changes.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">mysql> <strong class="userinput"><code>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;</code></strong> | |
| Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)</code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Exit the <code class="literal">mysql</code> | |
| client.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">mysql> <strong class="userinput"><code>exit</code></strong> | |
| Bye</code></pre></li></ol></div><div class="procedure"><a name="d0e4547"></a><p class="title"><b>To create and edit the wp-config.php file</b></p><p>The WordPress installation folder contains a sample configuration file called | |
| <code class="filename">wp-config-sample.php</code>. In this procedure, you copy this file | |
| and edit it to fit your specific configuration.</p><ol class="procedure" type="1"><li class="step"><p>Copy the <code class="filename">wp-config-sample.php</code> file to a file called | |
| <code class="filename">wp-config.php</code>. This creates a new configuration file | |
| and keeps the original sample file intact as a | |
| backup.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>cd wordpress/</code></strong> | |
| [ec2-user wordpress]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>cp wp-config-sample.php wp-config.php</code></strong></code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Edit the <code class="filename">wp-config.php</code> file with your favorite text | |
| editor (such as <span class="command"><strong>nano</strong></span> or <span class="command"><strong>vim</strong></span>) and enter | |
| values for your installation. If you do not have a favorite text editor, | |
| <code class="literal">nano</code> is much easier for beginners to | |
| use.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user wordpress]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>nano wp-config.php</code></strong></code></pre><ol type="a" class="substeps"><li class="step"><p>Find the line that defines <code class="literal">DB_NAME</code> and change | |
| <code class="literal">database_name_here</code> to the database name that you | |
| created in <a class="xref" href="hosting-wordpress.html#create_database" title="Step 4">Step 4</a> of <a class="xref" href="hosting-wordpress.html#create_user_and_database" title="To create a MySQL user and database for your WordPress installation">To create a MySQL user and database for your | |
| WordPress installation</a>.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">define('DB_NAME', '<em class="replaceable"><code>wordpress-db</code></em>');</code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Find the line that defines <code class="literal">DB_USER</code> and change | |
| <code class="literal">username_here</code> to the database user that you | |
| created in <a class="xref" href="hosting-wordpress.html#create_database_user" title="Step 3">Step 3</a> of <a class="xref" href="hosting-wordpress.html#create_user_and_database" title="To create a MySQL user and database for your WordPress installation">To create a MySQL user and database for your | |
| WordPress installation</a>.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">define('DB_USER', '<em class="replaceable"><code>wordpress-user</code></em>');</code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Find the line that defines <code class="literal">DB_PASSWORD</code> and change | |
| <code class="literal">password_here</code> to the strong password that you | |
| created in <a class="xref" href="hosting-wordpress.html#create_database_user" title="Step 3">Step 3</a> of <a class="xref" href="hosting-wordpress.html#create_user_and_database" title="To create a MySQL user and database for your WordPress installation">To create a MySQL user and database for your | |
| WordPress installation</a>.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">define('DB_PASSWORD', '<em class="replaceable"><code>your_strong_password</code></em>');</code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Find the section called <code class="literal">Authentication Unique Keys and | |
| Salts</code>. These <code class="literal">KEY</code> and | |
| <code class="literal">SALT</code> values provide a layer of encryption to the | |
| browser cookies that WordPress users store on their local machines. | |
| Basically, adding long, random values here makes your site more secure. | |
| Visit <a class="ulink" href="https://api.wordpress.org/secret-key/1.1/salt/" target="_blank">https://api.wordpress.org/secret-key/1.1/salt/</a> to randomly | |
| generate a set of key values that you can copy and paste into your | |
| <code class="filename">wp-config.php</code> file. To paste text into a PuTTY | |
| terminal, place the cursor where you want to paste the text and | |
| right-click your mouse inside the PuTTY terminal.</p><p>For more information about security keys, go to <a class="ulink" href="http://codex.wordpress.org/Editing_wp-config.php#Security_Keys" target="_blank">http://codex.wordpress.org/Editing_wp-config.php#Security_Keys</a>.</p><div class="aws-note"><p class="aws-note">Note</p><p>The values below are for example purposes only; do not use | |
| these values for your installation.</p></div><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">define('AUTH_KEY', '<em class="replaceable"><code> #U$$+[RXN8:b^-L 0(WU_+ c+WFkI~c]o]-bHw+)/Aj[wTwSiZ<Qb[mghEXcRh-</code></em>'); | |
| define('SECURE_AUTH_KEY', '<em class="replaceable"><code>Zsz._P=l/|y.Lq)XjlkwS1y5NJ76E6EJ.AV0pCKZZB,*~*r ?6OP$eJT@;+(ndLg</code></em>'); | |
| define('LOGGED_IN_KEY', '<em class="replaceable"><code>ju}qwre3V*+8f_zOWf?{LlGsQ]Ye@2Jh^,8x>)Y |;(^[Iw]Pi+LG#A4R?7N`YB3</code></em>'); | |
| define('NONCE_KEY', '<em class="replaceable"><code>P(g62HeZxEes|LnI^i=H,[XwK9I&[2s|:?0N}VJM%?;v2v]v+;+^9eXUahg@::Cj</code></em>'); | |
| define('AUTH_SALT', '<em class="replaceable"><code>C$DpB4Hj[JK:?{ql`sRVa:{:7yShy(9A@5wg+`JJVb1fk%_-Bx*M4(qc[Qg%JT!h</code></em>'); | |
| define('SECURE_AUTH_SALT', '<em class="replaceable"><code>d!uRu#}+q#{f$Z?Z9uFPG.${+S{n~1M&%@~gL>U>NV<zpD-@2-Es7Q1O-bp28EKv</code></em>'); | |
| define('LOGGED_IN_SALT', '<em class="replaceable"><code>;j{00P*owZf)kVD+FVLn-~ >.|Y%Ug4#I^*LVd9QeZ^&XmK|e(76miC+&W&+^0P/</code></em>'); | |
| define('NONCE_SALT', '<em class="replaceable"><code>-97r*V/cgxLmp?Zy4zUU4r99QQ_rGs2LTd%P;|_e1tS)8_B/,.6[=UK<J_y9?JWG</code></em>');</code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Save the file and exit your text editor.</p></li></ol></li></ol></div><div class="procedure"><a name="d0e4700"></a><p class="title"><b>To move your WordPress installation to the Apache document root</b></p><p>Now that you've unzipped the installation folder, created a MySQL database and | |
| user, and customized the WordPress configuration file, you are ready to move your | |
| installation files to your web server document root so you can run the installation | |
| script that completes your installation. The location of these files depends on | |
| whether you want your WordPress blog to be available at the root of your web server | |
| (for example, | |
| <code class="literal"><em class="replaceable"><code>my.public.dns.amazonaws.com</code></em></code>) or in | |
| a subdirectory or folder (for example, | |
| <code class="literal"><em class="replaceable"><code>my.public.dns.amazonaws.com/blog</code></em></code>).</p><ul class="procedure"><li class="step"><p>Choose the location where you want your blog to be available and only run the | |
| <span class="command"><strong>mv</strong></span> associated with that location. </p><div class="aws-note"><p class="aws-note">Important</p><p>If you run both sets of commands below, you will get an error message | |
| on the second <span class="command"><strong>mv</strong></span> command because the files you are | |
| trying to move are no longer there.</p></div><ul class="stepalternatives"> | |
| <li class="step"><p>To make your blog available at | |
| <code class="literal"><em class="replaceable"><code>my.public.dns.amazonaws.com</code></em></code>, | |
| move the files in the <code class="filename">wordpress</code> folder (but not the | |
| folder itself) to the Apache document root | |
| (<code class="filename">/var/www/html</code> on Amazon Linux | |
| instances).</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user wordpress]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>mv * /var/www/html/</code></strong></code></pre></li> | |
| <li class="step"><p><span class="emphasis"><em>OR</em></span>, to make your blog available at | |
| <code class="literal"><em class="replaceable"><code>my.public.dns.amazonaws.com/blog</code></em></code> | |
| instead, create a new folder called <code class="filename">blog</code> inside the | |
| Apache document root and move the files in the | |
| <code class="filename">wordpress</code> folder (but not the folder itself) to | |
| the new <code class="filename">blog</code> | |
| folder.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user wordpress]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>mkdir /var/www/html/blog</code></strong> | |
| [ec2-user wordpress]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>mv * /var/www/html/blog</code></strong></code></pre></li> | |
| </ul></li></ul></div><div class="aws-note"><p class="aws-note">Important</p><p>For security purposes, if you are not moving on to the next procedure immediately, | |
| stop the Apache web server (<code class="literal">httpd</code>) now. After you move your | |
| installation to the Apache document root, the WordPress installation script is | |
| unprotected and an attacker could gain access to your blog if the Apache web server | |
| were running. To stop the Apache web server, enter the command <span class="command"><strong>sudo service | |
| httpd stop</strong></span>. If you are moving on to the next procedure, you do not | |
| need to stop the Apache web server.</p></div><div class="procedure"><a name="d0e4780"></a><p class="title"><b>To allow WordPress to use permalinks</b></p><p>WordPress permalinks need to use Apache <code class="filename">.htaccess</code> files to | |
| work properly, but this is not enabled by default on Amazon Linux. Use this | |
| procedure to allow all overrides in the Apache document root.</p><ol class="procedure" type="1"><li class="step"><p>Open the <code class="filename">httpd.conf</code> file with your favorite text editor | |
| (such as <span class="command"><strong>nano</strong></span> or <span class="command"><strong>vim</strong></span>). If you do not have | |
| a favorite text editor, <code class="literal">nano</code> is much easier for beginners to | |
| use.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user wordpress]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf</code></strong></code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Find the section that starts with <code class="literal"><Directory | |
| "/var/www/html"></code>.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight"><Directory "/var/www/html"> | |
| # | |
| # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All", | |
| # or any combination of: | |
| # Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews | |
| # | |
| # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All" | |
| # doesn't give it to you. | |
| # | |
| # The Options directive is both complicated and important. Please see | |
| # http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#options | |
| # for more information. | |
| # | |
| Options Indexes FollowSymLinks | |
| # | |
| # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files. | |
| # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords: | |
| # Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit | |
| # | |
| <span class="bold"><strong>AllowOverride <em class="replaceable"><code>None</code></em></strong></span> | |
| # | |
| # Controls who can get stuff from this server. | |
| # | |
| Require all granted | |
| </Directory></code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Change the <code class="literal">AllowOverride None</code> line in the above section to | |
| read <code class="literal">AllowOverride <em class="replaceable"><code>All</code></em></code>. </p><div class="aws-note"><p class="aws-note">Note</p><p>There are multiple <code class="literal">AllowOverride</code> lines in this | |
| file; be sure you change the line in the <code class="literal"><Directory | |
| "/var/www/html"></code> section.</p></div><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">AllowOverride <em class="replaceable"><code>All</code></em></code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Save the file and exit your text editor.</p></li></ol></div><div class="procedure"><a name="d0e4847"></a><p class="title"><b>To fix file permissions for the Apache web server</b></p><p>Some of the available features in WordPress require write access to the Apache | |
| document root (such as uploading media though the Administration screens). The web | |
| server runs as the <code class="literal">apache</code> user, so you need to add that user to | |
| the <code class="literal">www</code> group that was created in the <a class="link" href="install-LAMP.html" title="Tutorial: Installing a LAMP Web Server on Amazon Linux">LAMP web server tutorial</a>.</p><ol class="procedure" type="1"><li class="step"><p>Add the <code class="literal">apache</code> user to the <code class="literal">www</code> | |
| group.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user wordpress]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo usermod -a -G www apache</code></strong></code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Change the file ownership of <code class="filename">/var/www</code> and its contents to | |
| the <code class="literal">apache</code> | |
| user.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user wordpress]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo chown -R apache /var/www</code></strong></code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Change the group ownership of <code class="filename">/var/www</code> and its contents | |
| to the <code class="literal">www</code> | |
| group.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user wordpress]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo chgrp -R www /var/www</code></strong></code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Change the directory permissions of <code class="filename">/var/www</code> and its | |
| subdirectories to add group write permissions and to set the group ID on future | |
| subdirectories.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user wordpress]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo chmod 2775 /var/www</code></strong> | |
| [ec2-user wordpress]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>find /var/www -type d -exec sudo chmod 2775 {} \;</code></strong></code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Recursively change the file permissions of <code class="filename">/var/www</code> and | |
| its subdirectories to add group write | |
| permissions.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user wordpress]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>find /var/www -type f -exec sudo chmod 0664 {} \;</code></strong></code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Restart the Apache web server to pick up the new group and | |
| permissions.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user wordpress]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo service httpd restart</code></strong> | |
| Stopping httpd: [ OK ] | |
| Starting httpd: [ OK ]</code></pre></li></ol></div><div class="procedure"><a name="d0e4931"></a><p class="title"><b>To run the WordPress installation script</b></p><ol class="procedure" type="1"><li class="step"><p>Use the <span class="command"><strong>chkconfig</strong></span> command to ensure that the | |
| <code class="literal">httpd</code> and <code class="literal">mysqld</code> services start at | |
| every system | |
| boot.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user wordpress]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo chkconfig httpd on</code></strong> | |
| [ec2-user wordpress]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo chkconfig mysqld on</code></strong></code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Verify that the MySQL server (<code class="literal">mysqld</code>) is | |
| running.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user wordpress]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo service mysqld status</code></strong> | |
| mysqld (pid 4746) is running...</code></pre><p>If | |
| the <code class="literal">mysqld</code> service is not running, start | |
| it.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user wordpress]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo service mysqld start</code></strong> | |
| Starting mysqld: [ OK ]</code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Verify that your Apache web server (<code class="literal">httpd</code>) is | |
| running.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user wordpress]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo service httpd status</code></strong> | |
| httpd (pid 502) is running...</code></pre><p>If | |
| the <code class="literal">httpd</code> service is not running, start | |
| it.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user wordpress]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>sudo service httpd start</code></strong> | |
| Starting httpd: [ OK ]</code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>In a web browser, enter the URL of your WordPress blog (either the public DNS | |
| address for your instance, or that address followed by the | |
| <code class="literal">blog</code> folder). You should see the WordPress installation | |
| screen.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">http://<em class="replaceable"><code>my.public.dns.amazonaws.com</code></em></code></pre><div class="mediaobject"><img src="images/wordpress_install.png" alt="Wordpress installation screen"></div></li><li class="step"><p>Enter the remaining installation information into the WordPress installation | |
| wizard.</p><div class="informaltable"><div class="informaltable-contents"><table id="d0e5013" cellspacing="0" border="1"><colgroup><col class="c1"><col class="c2"></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Field</th><th>Value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><span class="guilabel">Site Title</span></td><td>Enter a name for your WordPress site.</td></tr><tr><td><span class="guilabel">Username</span></td><td>Enter a name for your WordPress administrator. For | |
| security purposes, you should choose a unique name for this | |
| user, because it will be more difficult to exploit than the | |
| default user name, <code class="literal">admin</code>.</td></tr><tr><td><span class="guilabel">Password</span></td><td>Enter a strong password, and then enter it again to | |
| confirm. Do not reuse an existing password, and make sure to | |
| store this password in a safe place.</td></tr><tr><td><span class="guilabel">Your E-mail</span></td><td>Enter the email address you want to use for | |
| notifications.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></li><li class="step"><p>Click <span class="guilabel">Install WordPress</span> to complete the | |
| installation.</p></li></ol></div><p>Congratulations, you should now be able to log into your WordPress blog and start | |
| posting entries.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both" id="wordpress-next-steps">Next Steps</h2></div></div></div><p>After you have tested your initial WordPress blog, consider updating its configuration.</p><p><span class="formpara">Use a Custom Domain Name</span></p><p>If you have a domain name associated with your EC2 instance's EIP address, you can | |
| configure your blog to use that name instead of the EC2 public DNS address. For more | |
| information, see <a class="ulink" href="http://codex.wordpress.org/Changing_The_Site_URL" target="_blank">http://codex.wordpress.org/Changing_The_Site_URL</a>.</p><p><span class="formpara">Configure Your Blog</span></p><p>You can configure your blog to use different <a class="ulink" href="https://wordpress.org/themes/" target="_blank">themes</a> and <a class="ulink" href="https://wordpress.org/plugins/" target="_blank">plugins</a> to offer a more personalized | |
| experience for your readers. However, sometimes the installation process can backfire, | |
| causing you to lose your entire blog. We strongly recommend that you create a backup | |
| Amazon Machine Image (AMI) of your instance before attempting to install any themes or plugins so | |
| you can restore your blog if anything goes wrong during installation. For more | |
| information, see <a class="xref" href="AMIs.html#creating-an-ami" title="Creating Your Own AMI">Creating Your Own AMI</a>.</p><p><span class="formpara">Increase Capacity</span></p><p>If your WordPress blog becomes popular and you need more compute power or storage, | |
| consider the following steps:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>Expand the storage space on your instance. For more information, see <a class="xref" href="ebs-expand-volume.html" title="Expanding the Storage Space of an EBS Volume on Linux">Expanding the Storage Space of an EBS Volume on | |
| <span>Linux</span></a>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Move your MySQL database to <a class="ulink" href="http://aws.amazon.com/rds" target="_blank">Amazon RDS</a> | |
| to take advantage of the service's ability to scale automatically.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Migrate to a larger instance type. For more information, see <a class="xref" href="ec2-instance-resize.html" title="Resizing Your Instance">Resizing Your Instance</a>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Add additional instances. For more information, see <a class="xref" href="ec2-increase-availability.html" title="Tutorial: Increase the Availability of Your Application on Amazon EC2">Tutorial: Increase the Availability of Your Application on Amazon EC2</a>.</p></li></ul></div><p><span class="formpara">Learn More about WordPress</span></p><p> For information about WordPress, see the WordPress Codex help documentation at <a class="ulink" href="http://codex.wordpress.org/" target="_blank">http://codex.wordpress.org/</a>. For more | |
| information about troubleshooting your installation, go to <a class="ulink" href="http://codex.wordpress.org/Installing_WordPress#Common_Installation_Problems" target="_blank">http://codex.wordpress.org/Installing_WordPress#Common_Installation_Problems</a>. | |
| For information about making your WordPress blog more secure, go to <a class="ulink" href="http://codex.wordpress.org/Hardening_WordPress" target="_blank">http://codex.wordpress.org/Hardening_WordPress</a>. For information about | |
| keeping your WordPress blog up-to-date, go to <a class="ulink" href="http://codex.wordpress.org/Updating_WordPress" target="_blank">http://codex.wordpress.org/Updating_WordPress</a>.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both" id="wordpress-troubleshooting">Help! My Public DNS Name Changed and now my Blog is Broken</h2></div></div></div><p>Your WordPress installation is automatically configured using the public DNS address | |
| for your EC2 instance. If you stop and restart the instance, the public DNS address | |
| changes (unless it is associated with an Elastic IP address) and your blog will not work | |
| anymore because it references resources at an address that no longer exists (or is | |
| assigned to another EC2 instance). A more detailed description of the problem and | |
| several possible solutions are outlined in <a class="ulink" href="http://codex.wordpress.org/Changing_The_Site_URL" target="_blank">http://codex.wordpress.org/Changing_The_Site_URL</a>.</p><p>If this has happened to your WordPress installation, you may be able to recover your | |
| blog with the procedure below, which uses the <span class="command"><strong>wp-cli</strong></span> command line | |
| interface for WordPress.</p><div class="procedure"><a name="d0e5141"></a><p class="title"><b>To change your WordPress site URL with the <span class="command"><strong>wp-cli</strong></span></b></p><ol class="procedure" type="1"><li class="step"><p>Connect to your EC2 instance with SSH. </p></li><li class="step"><p>Note the old site URL and the new site URL for your instance. The old site URL | |
| is likely the public DNS name for your EC2 instance when you installed | |
| WordPress. The new site URL is the current public DNS name for your EC2 | |
| instance. If you are not sure of your old site URL, you can use | |
| <span class="command"><strong>curl</strong></span> to find it with the following | |
| command.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>curl localhost | grep wp-content</code></strong></code></pre><p> | |
| You should see references to your old public DNS name in the output, which will | |
| look like this (old site URL in | |
| red):</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight"><script type='text/javascript' src='<em class="replaceable"><code>http://ec2-52-8-139-223.us-west-1.compute.amazonaws.com</code></em>/wp-content/themes/twentyfifteen/js/functions.js?ver=20150330'></script></code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Download the <span class="command"><strong>wp-cli</strong></span> with the following | |
| command.</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wp-cli/builds/gh-pages/phar/wp-cli.phar</code></strong></code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>Search and replace the old site URL in your WordPress installation with the | |
| following command. Substitute the old and new site URLs for your EC2 instance | |
| and the path to your WordPress installation (usually | |
| <code class="filename">/var/www/html</code> or | |
| <code class="filename">/var/www/html/blog</code>).</p><pre class="programlisting"><code class="nohighlight">[ec2-user ~]$ <strong class="userinput"><code>php wp-cli.phar search-replace '<em class="replaceable"><code>old_site_url</code></em>' '<em class="replaceable"><code>new_site_url</code></em>' --path=<em class="replaceable"><code>/path/to/wordpress/installation</code></em> --skip-columns=guid</code></strong></code></pre></li><li class="step"><p>In a web browser, enter the new site URL of your WordPress blog to verify that | |
| the site is working properly again. If it is not, see <a class="ulink" href="http://codex.wordpress.org/Changing_The_Site_URL" target="_blank">http://codex.wordpress.org/Changing_The_Site_URL</a> and <a class="ulink" href="http://codex.wordpress.org/Installing_WordPress#Common_Installation_Problems" target="_blank">http://codex.wordpress.org/Installing_WordPress#Common_Installation_Problems</a> | |
| for more information.</p></li></ol></div></div></div></div><img src="images/expanderarrow.png" style="display:none;height:0;width:0"><div id="main-col-footer"><div id="doc-conventions"><a target="_top" href="/general/latest/gr/docconventions.html">Document Conventions</a></div><div id="next"><a class="awstoc" accesskey="p" href="install-LAMP.html">« Previous </a><a class="awstoc" accesskey="n" href="SSL-on-an-instance.html">Next »</a></div><div id="copyright-main-footer">© 2016, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.</div></div></div></div><div id="right-expanded"><div id="right-content-wrapper"><div id="right-col-header"><a id="pdf_link" href="ec2-ug.pdf"> PDF </a><text> | </text><a target="_blank" href="http://www.amazon.com/dp/B007Q4H9JI">Kindle </a></div><div id="pagetoc"><p>On this page:</p><ul class="pagetoc"><li class="pagetoc" name="Prerequisites"><a class="pagetoc" href="#hosting-wordpress-prereqs">Prerequisites</a></li><li class="pagetoc" name="Install WordPress"><a class="pagetoc" href="#install-wordpress">Install WordPress</a></li><li class="pagetoc" name="Next Steps"><a class="pagetoc" href="#wordpress-next-steps">Next Steps</a></li><li class="pagetoc" name="Help! My Public DNS Name Changed and now my Blog is Broken"><a class="pagetoc" href="#wordpress-troubleshooting">Help! My Public DNS Name Changed and now my Blog is Broken</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="footer"><div id="footer_short_fb" class="hide" title="Feedback"><a target="_blank" href="https://docs.aws.amazon.com/forms/aws-doc-feedback?hidden_service_name=EC2&hidden_guide_name=User Guide for Linux Instances&hidden_api_version=&hidden_file_name=hosting-wordpress"><i class="fa fa-envelope-o"></i></a></div><div id="footer_toggle" class="mediaobject"><img id="footer_toggle_img" src="images/expanderarrow.png"><img id="footer_toggle_img_collapse" class="hide" src="images/expanderarrowright.png"></div><div id="footer-left"><a target="_top" href="http://aws.amazon.com/terms">Terms of Use</a> | © 2016, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.</div><div id="footer-right"><div id="feedback"><div id="forums"><a id="forum_link" target="_blank" href="http://forums.aws.amazon.com/forum.jspa?forumID=30">Have a question? Try the Forums.</a></div><div id="feedback-message">Did this page help you?</div><div id="feedback-yesno-buttons"><a class="awstoc btn btn-default" target="_blank" href="feedbackyes.html?topic_id=hosting-wordpress">Yes</a><a class="awstoc btn btn-default" target="_blank" href="feedbackno.html?topic_id=hosting-wordpress">No</a></div><div id="feedback-feedback-button"><a class="awstoc btn btn-default" target="_blank" href="https://docs.aws.amazon.com/forms/aws-doc-feedback?hidden_service_name=EC2&hidden_guide_name=User Guide for Linux Instances&hidden_api_version=&hidden_file_name=hosting-wordpress">Feedback</a></div></div></div></div><noscript><div><div><div><div id="error_messages"><img src="https://d1ge0kk1l5kms0.cloudfront.net/images/G/01/webservices/console/warning.png" style="float: left;" alt="Warning"><div id="js_error_message"><strong>Javascript is disabled or is unavailable in your browser.</strong><br> To use the AWS Documentation, Javascript must be enabled. Please refer to your browser's Help pages for instructions. </div></div></div></div></div></noscript><!-- SiteCatalyst code version: H.25.2. | |
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