D3 使用 d3-tip.js

d3.tip.js

// d3.tip
// Copyright (c) 2013 Justin Palmer
//
// Tooltips for d3.js SVG visualizations

// Public - contructs a new tooltip
//
// Returns a tip
d3.tip = function() {
  var direction = d3_tip_direction,
      offset    = d3_tip_offset,
      html      = d3_tip_html,
      node      = init_node(),
      svg       = null,
      point     = null;

  function tip(vis) {
    svg = get_svg_node(vis)
    point = svg.createSVGPoint()
    document.body.appendChild(node)
  }

  // Public - show the tooltip on the screen
  //
  // Returns a tip
  tip.show = function() {
    var content = html.apply(this, arguments),
        poffset = offset.apply(this, arguments),
        dir     = direction.apply(this, arguments),
        nodel   = d3.select(node), i = 0,
        coords

    nodel.html(content).style('display', 'block')
    while(i--) nodel.classed(directions[i], false)
    coords = direction_callbacks.get(dir).apply(this)
    nodel.classed(dir, true).style({
      top: (coords.top +  poffset[0]) + 'px',
      left: (coords.left + poffset[1]) + 'px'
    })

    return tip
  }

  // Public - hide the tooltip
  //
  // Returns a tip
  tip.hide = function() {
    node.style.display = 'none'
    node.innerHTML = ''

    return tip
  }

  // Public: Proxy attr calls to the d3 tip container.  Sets or gets attribute value.
  //
  // n - name of the attribute
  // v - value of the attribute
  //
  // Returns tip or attribute value
  tip.attr = function(n, v) {
    if (arguments.length < 2) {
      return d3.select(node).attr(n)
    } else {
      d3.select(node).attr(n, v)
    }

    return tip;
  }

  // Public: Proxy style calls to the d3 tip container.  Sets or gets a style value.
  //
  // n - name of the property
  // v - value of the property
  //
  // Returns tip or style property value
  tip.style = function(n, v) {
    if (arguments.length < 2) {
      return d3.select(node).style(n)
    } else {
      d3.select(node).style(n, v)
    }

    return tip;
  }

  // Public: Set or get the direction of the tooltip
  //
  // v - One of n(orth), s(outh), e(ast), or w(est)
  //
  // Returns tip or direction
  tip.direction = function(v) {
    if (!arguments.length) return direction;
    direction = v == null ? v : d3.functor(v);
    return tip;
  };

  // Public: Sets or gets the offset of the tip
  //
  // v - Array of [x, y] offset
  //
  // Returns offset or
  tip.offset = function(v) {
    if (!arguments.length) return offset;
    offset = v == null ? v : d3.functor(v);
    return tip;
  };

  // Public: sets or gets the html value of the tooltip
  //
  // v - String value of the tip
  //
  // Returns html value or tip
  tip.html = function(v) {
    if (!arguments.length) return html;
    html = v == null ? v : d3.functor(v)

    return tip
  };

  function d3_tip_direction() { return 'n' }
  function d3_tip_offset() { return [0, 0] }
  function d3_tip_html() { return ' ' }

  var direction_callbacks = d3.map({
    n:  direction_n,
    s:  direction_s,
    e:  direction_e,
    w:  direction_w,
    nw: direction_nw,
    ne: direction_ne,
    sw: direction_sw,
    se: direction_se
  }),

  directions = direction_callbacks.keys()

  function direction_n() {
    var bbox = get_screen_bbox()
    return {
      top:  bbox.n.y - node.offsetHeight,
      left: bbox.n.x - node.offsetWidth / 2
    }
  }

  function direction_s() {
    var bbox = get_screen_bbox()
    return {
      top:  bbox.s.y,
      left: bbox.s.x - node.offsetWidth / 2
    }
  }

  function direction_e() {
    var bbox = get_screen_bbox()
    return {
      top:  bbox.e.y - node.offsetHeight / 2,
      left: bbox.e.x
    }
  }

  function direction_w() {
    var bbox = get_screen_bbox()
    return {
      top:  bbox.w.y - node.offsetHeight / 2,
      left: bbox.w.x - node.offsetWidth
    }
  }

  function direction_nw() {
    var bbox = get_screen_bbox()
    return {
      top:  bbox.nw.y - node.offsetHeight,
      left: bbox.nw.x - node.offsetWidth
    }
  }

  function direction_ne() {
    var bbox = get_screen_bbox()
    return {
      top:  bbox.ne.y - node.offsetHeight,
      left: bbox.ne.x
    }
  }

  function direction_sw() {
    var bbox = get_screen_bbox()
    return {
      top:  bbox.sw.y,
      left: bbox.sw.x - node.offsetWidth
    }
  }

  function direction_se() {
    var bbox = get_screen_bbox()
    return {
      top:  bbox.se.y,
      left: bbox.e.x
    }
  }

  function init_node() {
    var node = document.createElement('div')
    node.style.position = 'absolute'
    node.style.display = 'none'
    node.style.boxSizing = 'border-box'
    return node
  }

  function get_svg_node(el) {
    el = el.node()
    if(el.tagName.toLowerCase() == 'svg')
      return el

    return el.ownerSVGElement
  }

  // Private - gets the screen coordinates of a shape
  //
  // Given a shape on the screen, will return an SVGPoint for the directions
  // n(north), s(south), e(east), w(west), ne(northeast), se(southeast), nw(northwest),
  // sw(southwest).
  //
  //    +-+-+
  //    |   |
  //    +   +
  //    |   |
  //    +-+-+
  //
  // Returns an Object {n, s, e, w, nw, sw, ne, se}
  function get_screen_bbox() {
    var target     = d3.event.target,
        bbox       = {},
        matrix     = target.getScreenCTM(),
        tbbox      = target.getBBox(),
        width      = tbbox.width,
        height     = tbbox.height,
        x          = tbbox.x,
        y          = tbbox.y,
        scrollTop = document.body.scrollTop
        scrollLeft = document.body.scrollLeft

    if(document.documentElement && document.documentElement.scrollTop) {
      scrollTop = document.documentElement.scrollTop
      scrollLeft = document.documentElement.scrollLeft
    }

    point.x = x + scrollLeft
    point.y = y + scrollTop
    bbox.nw = point.matrixTransform(matrix)
    point.x += width
    bbox.ne = point.matrixTransform(matrix)
    point.y += height
    bbox.se = point.matrixTransform(matrix)
    point.x -= width
    bbox.sw = point.matrixTransform(matrix)
    point.y -= height / 2
    bbox.w  = point.matrixTransform(matrix)
    point.x += width
    bbox.e = point.matrixTransform(matrix)
    point.x -= width / 2
    point.y -= height / 2
    bbox.n = point.matrixTransform(matrix)
    point.y += height
    bbox.s = point.matrixTransform(matrix)

    return bbox
  }

  return tip;
}

Tooltip

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>Hello D3</title>
        <script type="text/javascript" src="d3.v3.js"></script>
        <script type="text/javascript" src="d3.tip.js"></script>
        <style>
            .d3-tip {
              line-height: 1;
              font-weight: bold;
              padding: 12px;
              background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
              color: #fff ;
              border-radius: 2px;
            }
        </style>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div class="example_div"></div>
        <script type="text/javascript">
             
          var tip = d3.tip().direction('s')
            .attr('class', 'd3-tip')
            .html(function(d) { return "<span>" + d + "</span>"  })
        
          var mydata = [10,20]
          var svgBox = d3.select("body").append("svg")
                     .attr("width", 500)
                     .attr("height", 500);
             
          var vis = svgBox.selectAll("rect")
            .data(mydata)
            .enter()
            .append('rect')
            .call(tip)
        
              
          var rectAttributes = vis
            .attr("x", function (d) { return d*d;} )
            .attr("y", function (d) { return d*d;} )
            .attr('width', 100)
            .attr('height', 100)
            // Show and hide the tooltip
            .on('mouseover', tip.show)
            .on('mouseout', tip.hide)
        
        </script>
    </body>
</html>