sock.md

Linux socket/sock/sk_buff

struct socket

For higher-level use. Connects b/w struct file and struct sk:

typedef enum {
	SS_FREE = 0,			/* not allocated		*/
	SS_UNCONNECTED,			/* unconnected to any socket	*/
	SS_CONNECTING,			/* in process of connecting	*/
	SS_CONNECTED,			/* connected to socket		*/
	SS_DISCONNECTING		/* in process of disconnecting	*/
} socket_state;

/**
 *  struct socket - general BSD socket
 *  @state: socket state (%SS_CONNECTED, etc)
 *  @type: socket type (%SOCK_STREAM, etc)
 *  @flags: socket flags (%SOCK_NOSPACE, etc)
 *  @ops: protocol specific socket operations
 *  @file: File back pointer for gc
 *  @sk: internal networking protocol agnostic socket representation
 *  @wq: wait queue for several uses
 */
struct socket {
	socket_state		state;

	short			type;

	unsigned long		flags;

	struct file		*file;
	struct sock		*sk;
	const struct proto_ops	*ops;

	struct socket_wq	wq;
};

struct sk_buff

Similar to mbuf. May point to net_device, rbnode, etc.

struct sk_buff {
	union {
		struct {
			/* These two members must be first. */
			struct sk_buff		*next;
			struct sk_buff		*prev;

			union {
				struct net_device	*dev;
				/* Some protocols might use this space to store information,
				 * while device pointer would be NULL.
				 * UDP receive path is one user.
				 */
				unsigned long		dev_scratch;
			};
		};
		struct rb_node		rbnode; /* used in netem, ip4 defrag, and tcp stack */
		struct list_head	list;
	};

	union {
		struct sock		*sk;
		int			ip_defrag_offset;
	};

	union {
		ktime_t		tstamp;
		u64		skb_mstamp_ns; /* earliest departure time */
	};
	/*
	 * This is the control buffer. It is free to use for every
	 * layer. Please put your private variables there. If you
	 * want to keep them across layers you have to do a skb_clone()
	 * first. This is owned by whoever has the skb queued ATM.
	 */
	char			cb[48] __aligned(8);

	union {
		struct {
			unsigned long	_skb_refdst;
			void		(*destructor)(struct sk_buff *skb);
		};
		struct list_head	tcp_tsorted_anchor;
	};

#if defined(CONFIG_NF_CONNTRACK) || defined(CONFIG_NF_CONNTRACK_MODULE)
	unsigned long		 _nfct;
#endif
	unsigned int		len,
				data_len;
	__u16			mac_len,
				hdr_len;

	/* Following fields are _not_ copied in __copy_skb_header()
	 * Note that queue_mapping is here mostly to fill a hole.
	 */
	__u16			queue_mapping;
  
  // ... checksum, etc

struct sock

Allocation

Example

// tun.c
tfile = (struct tun_file *)sk_alloc(net, AF_UNSPEC, GFP_KERNEL, &tun_proto, 0);

struct tun_file {
  struct sock sk;
  struct socket socket;
  ...
};

Notes:

• The head of tun_file is struct sock; allocate memory for struct sock, but use the region as struct tun_file (Common HACK in C).
• tun_proto instructs how many bytes should be allocated.