test.txt

Function	Category	Subcategory	Implementation Examples
GOVERN (GV): Establish and monitor the organization's cybersecurity risk management strategy, expectations, and policy			
	Organizational Context (GV.OC): The circumstances - mission, stakeholder expectations, and legal, regulatory, and contractual requirements - surrounding the organization's cybersecurity risk management decisions are understood (formerly ID.BE)		
		GV.OC-01: The organizational mission is understood and informs cybersecurity risk management (formerly ID.BE-02, ID.BE-03)	Ex1: Share the organization's mission (e.g., through vision and mission statements, marketing, and service strategies) to provide a basis for identifying risks that may impede that mission
		GV.OC-02: Internal and external stakeholders are determined, and their needs and expectations regarding cybersecurity risk management are understood	"Ex1: Identify relevant internal stakeholders and their cybersecurity-related expectations (e.g., performance and risk expectations of officers, directors, and advisors; cultural expectations of employees)
Ex2: Identify relevant external stakeholders and their cybersecurity-related expectations (e.g., privacy expectations of customers, business expectations of partnerships, compliance expectations of regulators, ethics expectations of society)"
		GV.OC-03: Legal, regulatory, and contractual requirements regarding cybersecurity - including privacy and civil liberties obligations - are understood and managed (formerly ID.GV-03)	"Ex1: Determine a process to track and manage legal and regulatory requirements regarding protection of individuals' information (e.g., Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, California Consumer Privacy Act, General Data Protection Regulation)
Ex2: Determine a process to track and manage contractual requirements for cybersecurity management of supplier, customer, and partner information
Ex3: Align the organization's cybersecurity strategy with legal, regulatory, and contractual requirements"
		GV.OC-04: Critical objectives, capabilities, and services that stakeholders depend on or expect from the organization are determined and communicated (formerly ID.BE-04, ID.BE-05)	"Ex1: Establish criteria for determining the criticality of capabilities and services as viewed by internal and external stakeholders
Ex2: Determine (e.g., from a business impact analysis) assets and business operations that are vital to achieving mission objectives and the potential impact of a loss (or partial loss) of such operations
Ex3: Establish and communicate resilience objectives (e.g., recovery time objectives) for delivering critical capabilities and services in various operating states (e.g., under attack, during recovery, normal operation)"
		GV.OC-05: Outcomes, capabilities, and services that the organization depends on are determined and communicated (formerly ID.BE-01, ID.BE-04)	"Ex1: Create an inventory of the organization's dependencies on external resources (e.g., facilities, cloud-based hosting providers) and their relationships to organizational assets and business functions
Ex2: Identify and document external dependencies that are potential points of failure for the organization's critical capabilities and services"
	Risk Management Strategy (GV.RM): The organization's priorities, constraints, risk tolerance and appetite statements, and assumptions are established, communicated, and used to support operational risk decisions (formerly ID.RM)		
		GV.RM-01: Risk management objectives are established and agreed to by organizational stakeholders (formerly ID.RM-01)	"Ex1: Update near-term and long-term cybersecurity risk management objectives as part of annual strategic planning and when major changes occur
Ex2: Establish measurable objectives for cybersecurity risk management (e.g., manage the quality of user training, ensure adequate risk protection for industrial control systems)
Ex3: Senior leaders agree about cybersecurity objectives and use them for measuring and managing risk and performance"
		GV.RM-02: Risk appetite and risk tolerance statements are determined, communicated, and maintained (formerly ID.RM-02, ID.RM-03)	"Ex1: Determine and communicate risk appetite statements that convey expectations about the appropriate level of risk for the organization
Ex2: Translate risk appetite statements into specific, measurable, and broadly understandable risk tolerance statements
Ex3: Refine organizational objectives and risk appetite periodically based on known risk exposure and residual risk"
		GV.RM-03: Enterprise risk management processes include cybersecurity risk management activities and outcomes (formerly ID.GV-04)	"Ex1: Aggregate and manage cybersecurity risks alongside other enterprise risks (e.g., compliance, financial, regulatory)
Ex2: Include cybersecurity risk managers in enterprise risk management planning
Ex3: Establish criteria for escalating cybersecurity risks within enterprise risk management"
		GV.RM-04: Strategic direction that describes appropriate risk response options is established and communicated	"Ex1: Specify criteria for accepting and avoiding cybersecurity risk for various classifications of data
Ex2: Determine whether to purchase cybersecurity insurance
Ex3: Document conditions under which shared responsibility models are acceptable (e.g., outsourcing certain cybersecurity functions, having a third party perform financial transactions on behalf of the organization, using public cloud-based services)"
		GV.RM-05: Lines of communication across the organization are established for cybersecurity risks, including risks from suppliers and other third parties	"Ex1: Determine how to update senior executives, directors, and management on the organization's cybersecurity posture at agreed-upon intervals
Ex2: Identify how all departments across the organization - such as management, internal auditors, legal, acquisition, physical security, and HR - will communicate with each other about cybersecurity risks
Ex3: Identify how third parties will communicate with the organization about cybersecurity risks"
		GV.RM-06: A standardized method for calculating, documenting, categorizing, and prioritizing cybersecurity risks is established and communicated	"Ex1: Establish criteria for using a quantitative approach to cybersecurity risk analysis, and specify probability and exposure formulas
Ex2: Create and use templates (e.g., a risk register) to document cybersecurity risk information (e.g., risk description, exposure, treatment, and ownership)
Ex3: Establish criteria for risk prioritization at the appropriate levels within the enterprise
Ex4: Use a consistent list of risk categories to support integrating, aggregating, and comparing cybersecurity risks"
		GV.RM-07: Strategic opportunities (i.e., positive risks) are identified and included in organizational cybersecurity risk discussions	"Ex1: Define and communicate guidance and methods for identifying opportunities and including them in risk discussions (e.g., strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats [SWOT] analysis)
Ex2: Identify stretch goals and document them
Ex3: Calculate, document, and prioritize positive risks alongside negative risks"
	Cybersecurity Supply Chain Risk Management (GV.SC): Cyber supply chain risk management processes are identified, established, managed, monitored, and improved by organizational stakeholders (formerly ID.SC)		
		GV.SC-01: A cybersecurity supply chain risk management program, strategy, objectives, policies, and processes are established and agreed to by organizational stakeholders (formerly ID.SC-01)	"Ex1: Establish a strategy that expresses the objectives of the cybersecurity supply chain risk management program
Ex2: Develop the cybersecurity supply chain risk management program, including a plan (with milestones), policies, and procedures that guide implementation and improvement of the program, and share the policies and procedures with the organizational stakeholders
Ex3: Develop and implement program processes based on the strategy, objectives, policies, and procedures that are agreed upon and performed by the organizational stakeholders
Ex4: Establish a cross-organizational mechanism that ensures alignment between functions that contribute to cybersecurity supply chain risk management, such as cybersecurity, IT, legal, human resources, and engineering"
		GV.SC-02: Cybersecurity roles and responsibilities for suppliers, customers, and partners are established, communicated, and coordinated internally and externally (formerly ID.AM-06)	"Ex1: Identify one or more specific roles or positions that will be responsible and accountable for planning, resourcing, and executing cybersecurity supply chain risk management activities
Ex2: Document cybersecurity supply chain risk management roles and responsibilities in policy
Ex3: Create responsibility matrixes to document who will be responsible and accountable for cybersecurity supply chain risk management activities and how those teams and individuals will be consulted and informed
Ex4: Include cybersecurity supply chain risk management responsibilities and performance requirements in personnel descriptions to ensure clarity and improve accountability
Ex5: Document performance goals for personnel with cybersecurity risk management-specific responsibilities, and periodically measure them to demonstrate and improve performance
Ex6: Develop roles and responsibilities for suppliers, customers, and business partners to address shared responsibilities for applicable cybersecurity risks, and integrate them into organizational policies and applicable third-party agreements
Ex7: Internally communicate cybersecurity supply chain risk management roles and responsibilities for third parties
Ex8: Establish rules and protocols for information sharing and reporting processes between the organization and its suppliers"
		GV.SC-03: Cybersecurity supply chain risk management is integrated into cybersecurity and enterprise risk management, risk assessment, and improvement processes (formerly ID.SC-02)	"Ex1: Identify areas of alignment and overlap with cybersecurity and enterprise risk management
Ex2: Establish integrated control sets for cybersecurity risk management and cybersecurity supply chain risk management
Ex3: Integrate cybersecurity supply chain risk management into improvement processes
Ex4: Escalate material cybersecurity risks in supply chains to senior management, and address them at the enterprise risk management level"
		GV.SC-04: Suppliers are known and prioritized by criticality	"Ex1: Develop criteria for supplier criticality based on, for example, the sensitivity of data processed or possessed by suppliers, the degree of access to the organization's systems, and the importance of the products or services to the organization's mission
Ex2: Keep a record of all suppliers, and prioritize suppliers based on the criticality criteria"
		GV.SC-05: Requirements to address cybersecurity risks in supply chains are established, prioritized, and integrated into contracts and other types of agreements with suppliers and other relevant third parties (formerly ID.SC-03)	"Ex1: Establish security requirements for suppliers, products, and services commensurate with their criticality level and potential impact if compromised
Ex2: Include all cybersecurity and supply chain requirements that third parties must follow and how compliance with the requirements may be verified in default contractual language
Ex3: Define the rules and protocols for information sharing between the organization and its suppliers and sub-tier suppliers in contracts
Ex4: Manage risk by including security requirements in contracts based on their criticality and potential impact if compromised
Ex5: Define security requirements in service-level agreements (SLAs) for monitoring suppliers for acceptable security performance throughout the supplier relationship lifecycle
Ex6: Contractually require suppliers to disclose cybersecurity features, functions, and vulnerabilities of their products and services for the life of the product or the term of service
Ex7: Contractually require suppliers to provide and maintain a current component inventory (e.g., software or hardware bill of materials) for critical products
Ex8: Contractually require suppliers to vet their employees and guard against insider threats
Ex9: Contractually require suppliers to provide evidence of performing acceptable security practices through, for example, self-attestation, conformance to known standards, certifications, or inspections
Ex10: Specify in contracts the rights and responsibilities of the organization, its suppliers, and applicable lower-tier suppliers and supply chains, with respect to potential cybersecurity risks"
		GV.SC-06: Planning and due diligence are performed to reduce risks before entering into formal supplier or other third-party relationships	"Ex1: Perform thorough due diligence on prospective suppliers that is consistent with procurement planning and commensurate with the level of risk, criticality, and complexity of each supplier relationship
Ex2: Assess the suitability of the technology and cybersecurity capabilities and the risk management practices of prospective suppliers
Ex3: Conduct supplier risk assessments against business and applicable cybersecurity requirements, including lower-tier suppliers and the supply chain for critical suppliers
Ex4: Assess the authenticity, integrity, and security of critical products prior to acquisition and use"
		GV.SC-07: The risks posed by a supplier, their products and services, and other third parties are identified, recorded, prioritized, assessed, responded to, and monitored over the course of the relationship (formerly ID.SC-02, ID.SC-04)	"Ex1: Adjust assessment formats and frequencies based on the third party's reputation and the criticality of the products or services they provide
Ex2: Evaluate third parties' evidence of compliance with contractual cybersecurity requirements, such as self-attestations, warranties, certifications, and other artifacts
Ex3: Monitor critical suppliers to ensure that they are fulfilling their security obligations throughout the supplier relationship lifecycle using a variety of methods and techniques, such as inspections, audits, tests, or other forms of evaluation
Ex4: Monitor critical suppliers, services, and products for changes to their risk profiles, and reevaluate supplier criticality and risk impact accordingly
Ex5: Plan for unexpected supplier and supply chain-related interruptions to ensure business continuity"
		GV.SC-08: Relevant suppliers and other third parties are included in incident planning, response, and recovery activities (formerly ID.SC-05)	"Ex1: Define and use rules and protocols for reporting incident response and recovery activities and the status between the organization and its suppliers
Ex2: Identify and document the roles and responsibilities of the organization and its suppliers for incident response
Ex3: Include critical suppliers in incident response exercises and simulations
Ex4: Define and coordinate crisis communication methods and protocols between the organization and its critical suppliers
Ex5: Conduct collaborative lessons learned sessions with critical suppliers"
		GV.SC-09: Supply chain security practices are integrated into cybersecurity and enterprise risk management programs, and their performance is monitored throughout the technology product and service life cycle	"Ex1: Policies and procedures require provenance records for all acquired technology products and services
Ex2: Periodically provide risk reporting to leaders about how acquired components are proven to be untampered and authentic.
Ex3: Communicate regularly among cybersecurity risk managers and operations personnel about the need to acquire software patches, updates, and upgrades only from authenticated and trustworthy software providers
Ex4: Review policies to ensure that they require approved supplier personnel to perform maintenance on supplier products
Ex5: Policies and procedure require checking upgrades to critical hardware for unauthorized changes"
		GV.SC-10: Cybersecurity supply chain risk management plans include provisions for activities that occur after the conclusion of a partnership or service agreement	"Ex1: Establish processes for terminating critical relationships under both normal and adverse circumstances
Ex2: Define and implement plans for component end-of-life maintenance support and obsolescence
Ex3: Verify that supplier access to organization resources is deactivated promptly when it is no longer needed
Ex4: Verify that assets containing the organization's data are returned or properly disposed of in a timely, controlled, and safe manner
Ex5: Develop and execute a plan for terminating or transitioning supplier relationships that takes supply chain security risk and resiliency into account
Ex6: Mitigate risks to data and systems created by supplier termination
Ex7: Manage data leakage risks associated with supplier termination"
	Roles, Responsibilities, and Authorities (GV.RR): Cybersecurity roles, responsibilities, and authorities to foster accountability, performance assessment, and continuous improvement are established and communicated (formerly ID.GV-02)		
		GV.RR-01: Organizational leadership is responsible and accountable for cybersecurity risk and fosters a culture that is risk-aware, ethical, and continually improving	"Ex1: Leaders (e.g., directors) agree on their roles and responsibilities in developing, implementing, and assessing the organization's cybersecurity strategy
Ex2: Share leaders' expectations regarding a secure and ethical culture, especially when current events present the opportunity to highlight positive or negative examples of cybersecurity risk management
Ex3: Leaders direct the CISO to maintain a comprehensive cybersecurity risk strategy and review and update it at least annually and after major events
Ex4: Conduct reviews to ensure adequate authority and coordination among those responsible for managing cybersecurity risk"
		GV.RR-02: Roles, responsibilities, and authorities related to cybersecurity risk management are established, communicated, understood, and enforced (formerly ID.AM-06, ID.GV-02, DE.DP-01)	"Ex1: Document risk management roles and responsibilities in policy
Ex2: Document who is responsible and accountable for cybersecurity risk management activities and how those teams and individuals are to be consulted and informed
Ex3: Include cybersecurity responsibilities and performance requirements in personnel descriptions
Ex4: Document performance goals for personnel with cybersecurity risk management responsibilities, and periodically measure performance to identify areas for improvement
Ex5: Clearly articulate cybersecurity responsibilities within operations, risk functions, and internal audit functions"
		GV.RR-03: Adequate resources are allocated commensurate with cybersecurity risk strategy, roles and responsibilities, and policies	"Ex1: Conduct periodic management reviews to ensure that those given cybersecurity risk management responsibilities have the necessary authority
Ex2: Identify resource allocation and investment in line with risk tolerance and response
Ex3: Provide adequate and sufficient people, process, and technical resources to support the cybersecurity strategy"
		GV.RR-04: Cybersecurity is included in human resources practices (formerly PR.IP-11)	"Ex1: Integrate cybersecurity risk management considerations into human resources processes (e.g., personnel screening, onboarding, change notification, offboarding)
Ex2: Consider cybersecurity knowledge to be a positive factor in hiring, training, and retention decisions
Ex3: Conduct background checks prior to onboarding new personnel for sensitive roles
Ex4: Define and enforce obligations for personnel to be aware of, adhere to, and uphold security policies as they relate to their roles"
	Policies, Processes, and Procedures (GV.PO): Organizational cybersecurity policies, processes, and procedures are established, communicated, and enforced (formerly ID.GV-01)		
		GV.PO-01: Policies, processes, and procedures for managing cybersecurity risks are established based on organizational context, cybersecurity strategy, and priorities and are communicated and enforced (formerly ID.GV-01)	"Ex1: Create, disseminate, and maintain a risk management policy with statements of management intent, expectations, and direction
Ex2: Periodically review policies and procedures to ensure that they align with risk management strategy objectives and priorities, as well as the high-level direction of the cybersecurity policy
Ex3: Require approval from senior management on policies
Ex4: Communicate cybersecurity risk management policies, procedures, and processes across the organization
Ex5: Require personnel to acknowledge receipt of policies when first hired, annually, and whenever a policy is updated"
		GV.PO-02: Policies, processes, and procedures for managing cybersecurity risks are reviewed, updated, communicated, and enforced to reflect changes in requirements, threats, technology, and organizational mission (formerly ID.GV-01)	"Ex1: Update policies based on periodic reviews of cybersecurity risk management results to ensure that policies and supporting processes adequately maintain risk at an acceptable level
Ex2: Provide a timeline for reviewing changes to the organization's risk environment (e.g., changes in risk or in the organization's mission objectives), and communicate recommended policy updates
Ex3: Update policies to reflect changes in legal and regulatory requirements
Ex4: Update policies to reflect changes in technology (e.g., adoption of artificial intelligence) and changes to the business (e.g., acquisition of a new business, new contract requirements)"
	Oversight (GV.OV): Results of organization-wide cybersecurity risk management activities and performance are used to inform, improve, and adjust the risk management strategy		
		GV.OV-01: Cybersecurity risk management strategy outcomes are reviewed to inform and adjust strategy and direction	"Ex1: Measure how well the risk management strategy and risk results have helped leaders make decisions and achieve organizational objectives
Ex2: Examine whether cybersecurity risk strategies that impede operations or innovation should be adjusted"
		GV.OV-02: The cybersecurity risk management strategy is reviewed and adjusted to ensure coverage of organizational requirements and risks	"Ex1: Review audit findings to confirm whether the existing cybersecurity strategy has ensured compliance with internal and external requirements
Ex2: Review the performance oversight of those in cybersecurity-related roles to determine whether policy changes are necessary
Ex3: Review strategy in light of cybersecurity incidents"
		GV.OV-03: Organizational cybersecurity risk management performance is measured and reviewed to confirm and adjust strategic direction	"Ex1: Review key performance indicators (KPIs) to ensure that organization-wide policies and procedures achieve objectives
Ex2: Review key risk indicators (KRIs) to identify risks the organization faces, including likelihood and potential impact
Ex3: Collect and communicate metrics on cybersecurity risk management with senior leadership"
GOVERN (GV)