InstantiateAtPosition.cs

using UnityEngine;

public class SpawnTest : MonoBehaviour
{
  // a prefab containing SpawnTestPrefab
	public GameObject prefab;

	void Start()
	{
		Instantiate(prefab, new Vector3(100, 0, 0), Quaternion.identity);
	}
}

//...

using UnityEngine;

public class SpawnTestPrefab : MonoBehaviour
{
	// Use this for initialization
	void Start()
	{
		Debug.Log("[" + Time.frameCount + "] Start " + transform.position);
	}

	void OnEnable()
	{
		Debug.Log("[" + Time.frameCount + "] OnEnable " + transform.position);
	}

	void Awake()
	{
		Debug.Log("[" + Time.frameCount + "] Awake " + transform.position);
	}
}

/*
...

log output:

Unity 5.6.1p3
[1] Awake (100.0, 0.0, 0.0)
[1] OnEnable (100.0, 0.0, 0.0)
[1] Start (100.0, 0.0, 0.0)

Unity 5.6.4p2 & Unity 2017.2.0f3
[1] Awake (0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
[1] OnEnable (0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
[1] Start (100.0, 0.0, 0.0)

EDIT:

Works in Unity 2017.2.0p2 (no idea which fix)
*/