Snake Game

SnakeGame.cpp

/*
 * Name: Syed Owais Ali Chishti
 * Task: Snake Game with ladder
 * Major: BS(CS)
 */
 
 // Help from: http://gamedev.stackexchange.com/questions/33786/snake-game-logic

#include <iostream>	
#include <conio.h>		// getch()
#include <cstdlib>		// System()
#include <windows.h>	// Sleep()
#include <iomanip>		// setw()
#include <thread>		// thread
using namespace std;

/*
 * Feature to add
 * - Restart Game
 */

/*
 * Prototype functions
 */
void coutRepeated(char, int);
void newBody(int, int);
void gotoXY(int, int);
void generateFood();
void setDirection(bool, bool, bool, bool);
void arrowCatch();
void printSnake();
void coutRepeated(char, int);
void cls(bool fullScreen = true); // fullScreen = true to clear whole console

/*
 * Structure for holding X and Y axis
 */
struct XYAxis{
	short int x;
	short int y;
};

signed short int length = 10;							// Initial length of snake
char headChar = '@';									// Head repesenter for snake
char bodyChar = 'O';									// Body repesenter for snake
char foodChar = '*';									// Food repesenter for snake
const short int snakeCoord = 512;						// Max Snake Size
XYAxis snake[snakeCoord];								// Structre array for holding snake body
XYAxis food;											// For holding food location, X and Y axis
XYAxis screenSize = {79,20};							// For holding screen size.
int mode = 10;											// Initial mode, mode is equal milliseconds for Sleep()
COORD coord;											// For gotoXY()
short int last = -1;									// Holds head location in array of snake
bool movement[4] = {false,false,true,false};			// top, bottom, right, left
long int score = 0;										// Score info
bool pause = false;										
bool paused = false;									
int tmp;												// Dust bin :)
char laddarChar = '|';
XYAxis ladder[2];
bool ladderAI = true;									// Ladder Specific / For opening ladder after eating food

int main(){
    ladder[0].x = 20;
    ladder[0].y = 5;

	ladder[1].x = 70;
    ladder[1].y = 15;

	gotoXY(0,7);
	cout<<setw(45)<<"*******************"<<endl<<endl;
	cout<<setw(45)<<"*    SNAKE GAME   *"<<endl<<endl;
	cout<<setw(45)<<"*******************"<<endl<<endl;
	cout<<setw(46)<<"--- SOAC PROJECT ---"<<endl;
	gotoXY(53,20);
	cout<<"Press any key to continue.";
	_getch();
	cls();
	gotoXY(0,4);
	cout<<setw(45)<<"*******************"<<endl<<endl;
	cout<<setw(45)<<"*       MODE      *"<<endl<<endl;
	cout<<setw(45)<<"*******************"<<endl<<endl;
	cout<<setw(45)<<"1) Beginner - PRESS 1"<<endl;
	cout<<setw(45)<<"2) Casual   - PRESS 2"<<endl;
	cout<<setw(45)<<"3) Pro      - PRESS 3"<<endl;
	do{
		cout<<endl<<setw(37)<<"Choice: ";
		cin>>tmp;	
		if(tmp > 0 && tmp < 4 )
			break;
	} while(true);
	switch(tmp){
		case 1:
			mode = 100;
			break;
		case 2:
			mode = 50;
			break;
		case 3:
			mode = 10;
			break;
	}
	cls();

	// Start arrowCatch function to cathc keyboard signal
	thread threadArrowCatch (arrowCatch); 

	// Generate initial body of snake.
	for(int i = 0; i < length; i++)
	{
		last++;
		snake[last].x = 10 + i;
		snake[last].y = 4;
	}

	generateFood(); //  Generate food location
	
	while(true) {
		if(pause == false){
			
			gotoXY(food.x,food.y);
			cout<<foodChar;
			
			gotoXY(ladder[0].x,ladder[0].y);
			cout<<"|";

			gotoXY(ladder[1].x,ladder[1].y);
			cout<<"|";

			gotoXY(screenSize.x,screenSize.y);
			cout<<" ";
			coutRepeated('=',screenSize.x);	// Print border
			cout<<endl;
			cout<<"Score: "<<score<<endl;
			cout<<setw(80)<<"Eat food to open open ladder."<<endl;
			cout<<setw(80)<<"Press Escape to Pause!"; // Print Score
			printSnake(); // Print snake  

			last++;
			if(last >= snakeCoord) {
				int temp[snakeCoord][2];
				int firstBodyElement = last-length;
				for(int i = 0;i < length; i++) { 
					temp[i][0] = snake[firstBodyElement+i].x;
					temp[i][1] = snake[firstBodyElement+i].y;
				}
				last = -1;

				for(int i = 0;i < length; i++) { 
					last++;
					snake[last].x = temp[last][0];
					snake[last].y = temp[last][1];
				}
				last++;
			}
			
			/*
			 * According to keyboard signal stored in movement new snake body is generated 
			 */

			if(movement[0]) // UP
				newBody(snake[last-1].x,snake[last-1].y-1);
		
			if(movement[1]) // DOWN
				newBody(snake[last-1].x,snake[last-1].y+1);
		
			if(movement[2]) //RIGHT
				newBody(snake[last-1].x+1,snake[last-1].y);
		
			if(movement[3]) // DOWN
				newBody(snake[last-1].x-1,snake[last-1].y);
			
			Sleep(mode); // Sleeping to manage speed of snake.
			cls(false); // Clear only snake
		}
		else {
			paused = true;
		}
	}
	
	cout<<endl;
	system("PAUSE");
    return 0;
}

/*
 * Add body to snake
 *
 * @param x XAxis of snake body
 * @param y YAxis of snake body
 */
void newBody(int x,int y) {
	snake[last].x = x;
	snake[last].y = y;
}

/*
 * For jumping on console
 *
 * @param x XAxis of console
 * @param y YAxis of console
 */
void gotoXY(int x,int y)
{
     coord.X=x;
	 coord.Y=y;
	 SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE),coord);
}

/*
 * Add x and y axis to food structure.
 */
void generateFood() {
	srand ((unsigned int)time(0));			// Seeding before using rand()
	food.x = rand() % screenSize.x + 1;
	food.y = rand() % screenSize.y + 1;
}

/*
 * Set current direction of snake
 *
 * @param a TOP
 * @param b	DOWN
 * @param c RIGHT
 * @param d LEFT
 */
void setDirection(bool a,bool b, bool c, bool d){
	movement[0] = a;
	movement[1] = b;
	movement[2] = c;
	movement[3] = d;
}

/*
 * Catch keyboard signal and change snake direction variable
 * This is function is run through backkground thread
 */
void arrowCatch() {
	int direction;

    while(true) {
        direction = _getch();	// Asking for signal
		
		switch(direction) {
			case 72: // If up arrow is pressed
				if(movement[1] == false) // If snake is not moving DOWN
					setDirection(true,false,false,false);
				break;
			case 80: // IF DOWN arrow is pressed
				if(movement[0] == false) // If snake is not moving UP
					setDirection(false,true,false,false);
				break;
			case 77: // IF RIGHT arrow is pressed
				if(movement[3] == false) // If snake is not moving LEFT
					setDirection(false,false,true,false);
				break;
			case 75: // If LEFT arrow is pressed
				if(movement[2] == false)  // If snake is not moving RIGHT
					setDirection(false,false,false,true);
				break;
			case 97: //If press hacking cheat
				score += 10;
				break;
			case 27: // If Esc key is pressed
					pause = true;	// Paused the game.
					while(paused == false) { // Waiting for stop signal from main()
						Sleep(200);	
					}

					cls();
					gotoXY(0,5);
					cout<<setw(45)<<"*******************"<<endl<<endl;
					cout<<setw(45)<<"*   GAME PAUSED   *"<<endl<<endl;
					cout<<setw(45)<<"*******************"<<endl<<endl;
					cout<<setw(45)<<"1) Continue - PRESS 1"<<endl;
					cout<<setw(45)<<"2) Exit     - PRESS 2"<<endl;
					do{
						cout<<endl<<setw(37)<<"Choice: ";
						cin>>tmp;	
						if(tmp > 0 && tmp < 3 )
						{
							if(tmp == 1) {
								pause = false;
								paused = false;
							}
							else {
								exit(0);
							}
							break;
						}
					} while(true);
					
				break;
		}
    }
}

/*
 * Print snake to STDOUT
 */
void printSnake(){
	short int end = last-length;
	for (int i = last; i > end;i--){
		// If snake is equal to food location
		if(food.x == snake[i].x && food.y == snake[i].y) {
            score += 10;
			length++;
			generateFood(); // Generate new food location
			ladderAI = false;
		}
		
		if(ladder[0].x == snake[i].x && ladder[0].y == snake[i].y && ladderAI == false) {
			newBody(ladder[1].x,ladder[1].y);
			ladderAI = true;
		}

		if(ladder[1].x == snake[i].x && ladder[1].y == snake[i].y && ladderAI == false) {
				newBody(ladder[0].x,ladder[0].y);
				ladderAI = true;
		}
		/*
		 * Check is Snake have touched wall so it start snake from other side.
		 */

		if(snake[i].x > screenSize.x) // Snake have touched wall on left
			newBody(0,snake[last-1].y);
		if(snake[i].x < 0) // Snake have touched wall on right
			newBody(screenSize.x,snake[last-1].y);
		if(snake[i].y > screenSize.y) // Snake have touched wall on down
			newBody(snake[last-1].x,0);
		if(snake[i].y < 0) // Snake have touched wall on up
			newBody(snake[last-1].x,screenSize.y);
		
		// Jump to x and y axis on console to draw snake.
		gotoXY(snake[i].x,snake[i].y);

		if(i == last)
			cout<<headChar; // HEAD
		else
			cout<<bodyChar; // TAIL
	}
}

/*
 * Cout repeated char to STDOUT
 *
 *@param chr Character to repeat
 *@param limit Times to repeat
 */
void coutRepeated(char chr,int limit){
	for(int i = 0; i < limit; i++)
		cout<<chr;
}

/*
 * Faster appraoch to clear screen as compared to system("cls");
 * 
 *@link http://www.cplusplus.com/forum/articles/10515/
 */
void cls(bool fullScreen)
{
	HANDLE                     hStdOut;
	CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO csbi;
	DWORD                      count;
	DWORD                      cellCount;
	COORD                      homeCoords = { 0, 0 };

	hStdOut = GetStdHandle( STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE );
	if (hStdOut == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) return;

	/* Get the number of cells in the current buffer */
	if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo( hStdOut, &csbi )) return;

	if(fullScreen == true){
		cellCount = csbi.dwSize.X *csbi.dwSize.Y;
	}
	else{
		cellCount = (screenSize.x+1) * (screenSize.y+1);
	}

	/* Fill the entire buffer with spaces */
	if (!FillConsoleOutputCharacter(
		hStdOut,
		(TCHAR) ' ',
		cellCount,
		homeCoords,
		&count
		)) return;

	/* Fill the entire buffer with the current colors and attributes */
	if (!FillConsoleOutputAttribute(
		hStdOut,
		csbi.wAttributes,
		cellCount,
		homeCoords,
		&count
		)) return;

	/* Move the cursor home */
	SetConsoleCursorPosition( hStdOut, homeCoords );
}

kbhit and getch can be used together to do remove thread or GetKeyStatus()