ffmpeg -y -loglevel verbose -i "..\..\build\fate-suite\apng\o_sample.png" -filter_complex "split[split1][split2];[split1]palettegen=max_colors=255[pal1];[split2][pal1]paletteuse" -frames:v 1 out.png
(with pngquant, and even with the palette having alpha values!)
Also, despite the inferior appearance, the output file with the patch applied (5384 bytes) is even larger than without (4733 bytes).