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Educational Qualifications of Members of the 111th Congress
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| Name | District | Education | Science | Law | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jeff Sessions (R) | AL-Senate | B.A., Huntingdon College; J.D. University of Alabama School of Law | 1 | ||
| Richard Shelby (R) | AL-Senate | B.A., University of Alabama; J.D. University of Alabama School of Law | 1 | ||
| Jo Bonner (R) | AL-1 | B.A. Journalism, University of Alabama | 0 | ||
| Bobby Bright (D) | AL-2 | B.A. Political Science, Auburn University; M.S. Criminal Justice, Troy State University; J.D. Thomas Goode Jones School of Law | 1 | ||
| Mike Rogers (R) | AL-3 | B.A., Political Science; M.P.A., Jackson State University; J.D. Birmingham School of Law | 1 | ||
| Robert Aderholt (R) | AL-4 | B.A., Political Science/History, Birmingham Southern College; J.D., Samford University | 1 | ||
| Partker Griffith (D) | AL-5 | B.S.; M.D., Louisiana State University | 0 | ||
| Spencer Bachus (R) | AL-6 | B.A., Auburn University; J.D., University of Alabama | 1 | ||
| Artur Davis (D) | AL-7 | B.A., Government, Harvard University; J.D., Harvard University School of Law | 1 | ||
| Mark Begich (D) | AK-Senate | Never completed college. | 0 | ||
| Lisa Murkowski (R) | AK-Senate | B.A., Economics, Georgetown Unviersity; J.D., WIlamette College of Law | 1 | ||
| Don Young (R) | AK-at-large | B.A., Education, Chico State University | 0 | ||
| John McCain (R) | AZ-Senate | B.S., International Business | 0 | ||
| Jon Kyl (R) | AZ-Senate | B.A, J.D. Law | 1 | ||
| Ann Kirkpatrick (D) | AZ-1 | B.A., University of Arizona; J.D., University of Arizona College of Law | 1 | ||
| Trent Franks (R) | AZ-2 | Attented Ottawa University | 0 | ||
| John Shadegg (R) | AZ-3 | B.A., J.D. University of Arizona | 1 | ||
| Ed Pastor (D) | AZ-4 | B.A. Chemistry, J.D., Arizona State University | 1 | 1 | |
| Harry MItchell (D) | AZ-5 | B.A. Political Science, M.P.A. , Arizona State University | 0 | ||
| Jeff Flake (R) | AZ-6 | B.S. International Relations, M.A, Political Science, Brigham Young University | 0 | ||
| Raul Grijaiva (D) | AZ-7 | B.A., Sociology, University of Arizona | 0 | ||
| Gabrielle Giffords (D) | AZ-8 | B.A. Latin American History and Sociology, Scripps College; M.A. Urban Planning, Cornell University | 0 | ||
| Blanche Lincoln (D) | AK-Senate | B.A., Randolph-Macon Woman�s College | 0 | ||
| Mark Pryor (D) | AR-Senate | B.A., J.D., History, University of Arkansas | 1 | ||
| Marion Berry (D) | AR-1 | B.S., Pharmacy, University of Arkansas | 0 | ||
| Vic Snyder (D) | AR-2 | B.A., Chemistry, Willamette University; M.D., University of Oregon; J.D. University of Arkansas | 1 | 1 | |
| John Boozman (R) | AR-3 | Attended, University of Arkansas; O.D., Optometry, Southern College of Optometry | 0 | ||
| Mike Ross (D) | AR-4 | B.A., Poilitical Science, University of Arkansas | 0 | ||
| Barbara Boxer (D) | CA-Senate | B.A., Economics, Brooklyn College | 0 | ||
| Diane Feinstein (D) | CA-Senate | B.A. HIstory, Stanford University | 0 | ||
| Mike Thompson (D) | CA-1 | B.A., Political Science, M.A. Public Administration, California State University; Chico | 0 | ||
| Wally Herger (R) | CA-2 | Attended as Business major, California State University; Sacramento. A.A. American River College. | 0 | ||
| Dan Lungren (R) | CA-3 | B.A., English, Notre Dame University. J.D. Georgetown University Law Center | 1 | ||
| Tom McClintock (R) | CA-4 | B.A., Political Science, University of California, Los Angeles | 0 | ||
| Doris Matsui (D) | CA-5 | B.A., Psychology, University of California, Berkeley | 0 | ||
| Lynn Woolsey (D) | CA-6 | B.S., Business, University of San Francisco | 0 | ||
| George Miller (D) | CA-7 | B.A., San Fransisco State University. J.D. University of California, Davis | 1 | ||
| Nancy Pelosi (D) | CA-8 | B.A., Political Science, Trinity College | 0 | ||
| Barbara Lee (D) | CA-9 | B.A., Psychology, Mills College. M.S.W. Social Work, University of California, Berkeley | 0 | ||
| Ellen Tauscher (D) | CA-10 | B.S., Early Childhood Education, Seton Hall University | 0 | ||
| Jerry McNerney (D) | CA-11 | Ph.D., Math and Engineering, University of New Mexico | 1 | 0 | |
| Jackie Speier (D) | CA-12 | B.A., (no major), University of California, Davis; J.D., University of California, Hastings College of Law. | 1 | ||
| Pete Stark (D) | CA-13 | B.S., Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; M.B.A., Business, University of California, Berkeley | 1 | 0 | |
| Anna Eshoo (D) | CA-14 | A.A., English, Canada College | 0 | ||
| Mike Honda (D) | CA-15 | B.A., Biology and Spanish, M.A., Education, San Jose State University | 1 | 0 | |
| Zoe Lofgren (D) | CA-16 | B.A., Political Science, Stanford University; J.D. University of Santa Clara | 1 | ||
| Sam Farr (D) | CA-17 | B.S., Biology, Willamette College | 1 | 0 | |
| Dennis Cardoza (D) | CA-18 | B.A., Government and Politics, University of Maryland | 0 | ||
| George Radanovich (R) | CA-19 | B.S., Agriculture Business Management; California Polytechnic State University | 0 | ||
| Jim Costa (D) | CA-20 | B.A., Political Science, Fresno State University | 0 | ||
| Devin Nunes (R) | CA-21 | A.A. Agriculture, College of the Sequoias; B.S., Agricultural Business; M.S. Agriculture, California Polytechnic State University | 0 | ||
| Kevin McCarthy (R) | CA-22 | B.A., Business, M.B.A., Business, California State University, Bakersfield | 0 | ||
| Lois Capps (D) | CA-23 | B.S., Nursing, Pacific Lutheran University; M.A. Education, University of California, Santa Barbara; M.A., Religion, Yale University | 0 | ||
| Elton Gallegly (R) | CA-24 | Attended, California State University | 0 | ||
| Howard McKeon (R) | CA-25 | B.A., Animal Husbandry, Brigham Young University | 0 | ||
| David Dreier (R) | CA-26 | B.A., Political Science, Claremont McKenna College. M.A. American Government, Claremont Graduate University | 0 | ||
| Brad Sherman (D) | CA-27 | B.A., Accounting, University of California, Los Angeles. J.D. Harvard University | 1 | ||
| Howard Berman (D) | CA-28 | B.A., International Relations; L.L.B. University of California, Los Angeles | 0 | ||
| Adam Schiff (D) | CA-29 | A.B. Political Science and Pre-Med, Stanford University. J.D. Harvard University | 1 | ||
| Henry Waxman (D) | CA-30 | B.A., Political Science; J.D., University of California, Los Angeles | 1 | ||
| Xavier Becerra (D) | CA-31 | B.A., Economics; J.D., Stanford University | 1 | ||
| Hilda Solis (D) | CA-32 | B.A., Political Science, California State Polytechnic University. M.P.A. Public Administration, University of Southern California | 0 | ||
| Diane Watson (D) | CA-33 | B.A., Education, University of California, Los Angeles. M.A. School Psychology California State University; Los Angeles. Ph.D. Educational Administration, Claremont Graduate College | 0 | ||
| Lucille Roybal-Allard (D) | CA-34 | B.A., Speech Therapy, California State University; Los Angeles | 0 | ||
| Maxine Waters (D) | CA-35 | B.A., Sociology, California State University; Los Angeles | 0 | ||
| Jane Harman (D) | CA-36 | B.A., Government, Smith College, J.D. Harvard University | 1 | ||
| Laura Richardson (D) | CA-37 | B.A., Political Science, University of California, Los Angeles, M.B.A., Business Administration, University of Southern California | 0 | ||
| Grace Napolitano (D) | CA-38 | Attended, Cerritos College, Texas Southmost College | 0 | ||
| Linda S�nchez (D) | CA-39 | B.A., Spanish Literature, University of California, Berkeley. J.D. University of California, Los Angeles | 1 | ||
| Edward R. Royce (R) | CA-40 | B.A., Accounting and Finance, California State University; Fullerton | 0 | ||
| Jerry Lewis (R) | CA-41 | B.A., Political Science, University of California, Los Angeles | 0 | ||
| Gary Miller (R) | CA-42 | Attended, Mt. San Antonio Community College | 0 | ||
| Joe Baca (D) | CA-43 | B.A., Sociology, California State University | 0 | ||
| Ken Calvert (R) | CA-44 | B.A., Economics, San Diego State University | 0 | ||
| Mary Bono Mack (R) | CA-45 | B.F.A., Art History, University of Southern California | 0 | ||
| Dana Rohrabacher (R) | CA-46 | B.A., History, Long Beach State College; M.A. American Studies, University of Southern California | 0 | ||
| Loretta Sanchez (D) | CA-47 | B.S., Economics, Chapman University; M.B.A., Finance American University | 0 | ||
| John Campbell (R) | CA-48 | B.A., Economics, University of California in Los Angeles; M.B.T. Business Taxation, University of Southern California | 0 | ||
| Darrell Issa (R) | CA-49 | B.A., Business, Siena Heights College | 0 | ||
| Brian Bilbray (R) | CA-50 | Attended, Southwestern College | 0 | ||
| Bob Filner (D) | CA-51 | B.S., Chemistry; Ph.D. History of Science, Cornell University; M.A. History, University of Delaware | 1 | 0 | |
| Duncan D. Hunter (R) | CA-52 | B.B.A., Business Administration, San Diego State University | 0 | ||
| Susan Davis (D) | CA-53 | B.A., Sociology, University of California, Berkeley; M.S.W. Social Work, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill | 0 | ||
| Michael Bennet (D) | CO-Senate | B.A., Wesleyan University; J.D., Yale Law School | 1 | ||
| Mark Udall (D) | CO-Senate | B.A., American Civilization, Williams College | 0 | ||
| Diana DeGette (D) | CO-1 | B.A., Political Science, Colorado College; J.D., New York University | 1 | ||
| Jared Polis (D) | CO-2 | B.A., Political Science, Princeton University | 0 | ||
| John Salazar (D) | CO-3 | B.A., Business, Adams State College | 0 | ||
| Betsy Markey (D) | CO-4 | B.S., Political Science, University of Florida; M.P.A., American University | 0 | ||
| Doug Lamborn (R) | CO-5 | B.A., Journalism, University of Kansas, J.D., University of Kansas | 1 | ||
| Mike Coffman (R) | CO-6 | B.A., Political Science, University of Colorado | 0 | ||
| Ed Perlmutter (D) | CO-7 | B.A., Political Science, History, Economics, J.D., University of Colorado | 1 | ||
| Chris Dodd (D) | CT-Senate | B.A., English Literature, Providence College; J.D., University of Louisville | 1 | ||
| Joe Lieberman (I) | CT-Senate | B.A., Politics, Economics, Yale University; J.D. Yale Law School | 1 | ||
| John Larson (D) | CT-1 | B.A., History, Central Connecticut State University | 0 | ||
| Joe Courtney (D) | CT-2 | B.A, History, Tufts University; J.D., University of Connecticut | 1 | ||
| Rosa DeLauro (D) | CT-3 | B.A. Marymount College; M.A., International Politics, Columbia University | 0 | ||
| Jim Himes (D) | CT-4 | B.A., Social Studies, Harvard University; M.A. Latin American Studies, Oxford University | 0 | ||
| Chris Murphy (D) | CT-5 | B.A., History, Political Science, Williams University; J.D. University of Connecticut | 1 | ||
| Ted Kaufman (D) | DE-Senate | B.S., Mechanical Engineering, Duke University; M.B.A., Warton School | 1 | 0 | |
| Tom Carper (D) | DE-Senate | B.A., Economics, Ohio State University; M.B.A., University of Delaware | 0 | ||
| Mike Castle (R) | DE-at-large | B.A., Economics, Hamilton College; L.L.B., Georgetown University Law Center | 0 | ||
| Bill Nelson (D) | FL-Senate | B.A., Yale University 1965; J.D., University of Virginia | 1 | ||
| Mel Martinez (R) | FL-Senate | B.A., Internatnional Affairs, J.D., Florida State University | 1 | ||
| Jeff Miller (R) | FL-1 | B.A., Journalism, University of Florida | 0 | ||
| Allen Boyd (D) | FL-2 | B.S., Accounting, Florida State University | 0 | ||
| Corrine Brown (D) | FL-3 | B.A., Sociology, Florida A and M University; MA Education, Florida A and M University | 0 | ||
| Ander Crenshaw (R) | FL-4 | B.A., Political Science, University of Georgia; J.D., University of Florida | 1 | ||
| Ginny Brown-Waite (R) | FL-5 | B.A., Public Administration, State University of New York; M.P.A., Russell Sage College | 0 | ||
| Cliff Stearns (R) | FL-6 | B.S., Electrical Engineering, George Washington University | 1 | 0 | |
| John Mica (R) | FL-7 | B.A., Political Science, University of Florida | 0 | ||
| Alan Grayson (D) | FL-8 | B.A., Urban Studies, Harvard University; M.P.A., Harvard University; J.D., Harvard University | 1 | ||
| Gus Bilirakis (R) | FL-9 | B.A., Political Science, University of Florida; J.D., Stetson University | 1 | ||
| Bill Young (R) | FL-10 | High School Diploma | 0 | ||
| Kathy Castor (D) | FL-11 | B.A., Political Science, Emory University; J.D., Florida State | 1 | ||
| Adam Putnam (R) | FL-12 | B.S., Food and Resource Economics, University of Florida | 0 | ||
| Vern Buchanan (R) | FL-13 | B.A., Business Administration, Cleary University; M.B.A., University of Detroit | 0 | ||
| Connie Mack IV (R) | FL-14 | B.S. Communications, University of Florida | 0 | ||
| Bill Posey (R) | FL-15 | A.A., Brevard Community College | 0 | ||
| Tom Rooney (R) | FL-16 | B.A., English Literature, Washington and Jefferson College; M.A., Political Science, University of Florida; J.D., University of Miami | 1 | ||
| Kendrick Meek (D) | FL-17 | B.A., Criminal Justice, Florida A and M University | 0 | ||
| Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (R) | FL-18 | B.A., English, Florida International University; M.Ed., Florida International University | 0 | ||
| Robert Wexler (D) | FL-19 | B.A., Political Science, University of Florida; J.D., George Washington University | 1 | ||
| Debbie Wasserman Schultz (D) | FL-20 | B.A., Political Science, University of Florida; M.A., Political Science, University of Florida | 0 | ||
| Lincoln Diaz-Balart (R) | FL-21 | B.A., International Relations, University of South College; J.D., Case Western Reserve University | 1 | ||
| Ron Klein (D) | FL-22 | B.A., Political Science, Ohio State University; J.D., Case Western Reserve University | 1 | ||
| Alcee Hastings (D) | FL-23 | B.S., Zoology and Botany, Fisk University; J.D., Florida A and M University | 1 | 1 | |
| Suzanne Kosmas (D) | FL-24 | B.A., Stetson University | 0 | ||
| Mario Diaz-Balart (R) | FL-25 | B.A., Political Science, University of South Florida | 0 | ||
| Johnny Isakson (R) | GA-Senate | B.B.A., University of Georgia | 0 | ||
| Saxby Chambliss (R) | GA-Senate | B.A. Business Administration, University of Georgia; J.D. University of Tennessee | 1 | ||
| Jack Kingston (R) | GA-1 | B.A., Economics, University of Georgia | 0 | ||
| Sanford Bishop (D) | GA-2 | B.A., Political Science, Morehouse College; J.D., Emory University | 1 | ||
| Lynn Westmoreland (R) | GA-3 | Attended Georgia State University | 0 | ||
| Hank Johnson (D) | GA-4 | B.A., Political Science, Clark College (Now Clark Atlanta University); J.D., Thurgood Marshall School Of Law, Texas Southern University | 1 | ||
| John Lewis (D) | GA-5 | B.A., Theology, Fisk University; M.A., Theology, American Baptist Theological Seminary | 0 | ||
| Tom Price (R) | GA-6 | B.A., General Studies, University of Michigan; M.D., University of Michigan | 0 | ||
| John Linder (R) | GA-7 | B.S., Sciences, University of Minnesota; D.D.S., University of Minnesota | 1 | 0 | |
| Jim Marshall (D) | GA-8 | B.A., Politics, Princeton University; J.D., Boston University | 1 | ||
| Nathan Deal (R) | GA-9 | B.A., Mercer University; J.D., Mercer University | 1 | ||
| Paul Broun (R) | GA-10 | B.S., Chemistry, University of Georgia; M.D., Medical College of Georgia | 1 | 0 | |
| Phil Gingrey (R) | GA-11 | B.S., Chemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology; M.D., Medical College of Georgia | 1 | 0 | |
| John Barrow (D) | GA-12 | B.A., History and Political Science, University of Georgia; J.D., Harvard University | 1 | ||
| David Scott (D) | GA-13 | B.A., English, Florida A and M University; M.A., Finance and Marketing, University of Pennsylvania Wharton School | 0 | ||
| Daniel Akaka (D) | HI-Senate | B.Ed., University of Hawaii 1952; M.Ed., University of Hawaii | 0 | ||
| Daniel Inouye (D) | HI-Senate | B.A., Political Science, University of Hawaii; J.D., George Washington University Law School | 1 | ||
| Neil Abercrombie (D) | HI-1 | B.A., Sociology, Union College; M.A., Sociology, University of Hawaii; PhD, American Studies, University of Hawaii | 0 | ||
| Mazie Hirono (D) | HI-2 | B.A., Psychology, University of Hawaii; J.D., Georgetown University School of Law | 1 | ||
| Jim Risch (R) | ID-Senate | B.S., Forestry, University of Idaho; J.D., University of Idaho | 1 | ||
| Mike Crapo (R) | ID-Senate | B.A. Political Science, Brigham Young University; J.D., Harvard University School of Law | 1 | ||
| Walter Minnick (D) | ID-1 | B.A., Economics, Whitman College; J.D., Harvard University; MB.A., Harvard University | 1 | ||
| Michael K. Simpson (R) | ID-2 | B.S., Pre-Dentistry, Utah State University; D.D.S., Washington University | 0 | ||
| Dick Durbin (D) | IL-Senate | B.S., Foreign Services and Economics, Georgetown University; J.D., Georgetown University | 1 | ||
| Roland Burris (D) | IL-Senate | B.A., Political Science, Southern Illinois University Carbondale; International Law, University of Hamburg; J.D., Howard University School of Law | 1 | ||
| Bobby Rush (D) | IL-1 | B.A., General Studies, Roosevelt University; M.A., Theological Studies, McCormick Theological Seminary; M.A., Political Science, University of Illinois | 0 | ||
| Jesse Jackson, Jr. (D) | IL-2 | B.S., Business Management, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University; M.A., Theology, Chicago Theological Seminary; J.D., University of Illinois | 1 | ||
| Dan Lipinski (D) | IL-3 | B.S., Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University; M.A., Economics, Stanford University; PhD, Political Science, Duke University | 1 | 0 | |
| Luis Gutierrez (D) | IL-4 | B.A., Liberal Arts, Northeastern Illinois University | 0 | ||
| Peter Roskam (R) | IL-6 | B.A., Political Science, University of Illinois; J.D., Chicago-Kent College of Law | 1 | ||
| Danny K. Davis (D) | IL-7 | B.A., History and Education, Arkansas AM&N College; M.A., Guidance, Chicago State University; PhD, Public Administration, Union Institute | 0 | ||
| Melissa Bean (D) | IL-8 | B.A., Political Science, Roosevelt University | 0 | ||
| Janice D. Schakowsky (D) | IL-9 | B.S., Elementary Education, University of Illinois | 0 | ||
| Mark Steven Kirk (R) | IL-10 | B.A., History, Cornell University; M.A., Economics, London School of Economics; J.D., Georgetown University | 1 | ||
| Debbie Halvorson (D) | IL-11 | B.A., Communications, Governors State University; M.A., Communications, Governors State University | 0 | ||
| Jerry Costello (D) | IL-12 | B.A., Political Science, Maryville College | 0 | ||
| Judy Biggert (R) | IL-13 | B.A., International Relations, Stanford University; J.D., Northwestern University | 1 | ||
| Bill Foster (D) | IL-14 | B.S., Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison; PhD, Physics, Harvard University | 1 | 0 | |
| Timothy V. Johnson (R) | IL-15 | B.A., History, University of Illinois; J.D., University of Illinois | 1 | ||
| Donald Manzullo (R) | IL-16 | B.A., Political Science, American University; J.D., Marquette University | 1 | ||
| Philip Hare (D) | IL-17 | Attended Blackhawk Junior College | 0 | ||
| Aaron Schock (R) | IL-18 | B.A., Finance, Bradley University | 0 | ||
| John Shimkus (R) | IL-19 | B.S., General Engineering, U.S. Military Academy at West Point; MB.A., Southern Illinois University | 1 | 0 | |
| Evan Bayh (D) | IN-Senate | B.S. in Business Economics, Indiana University ; J.D., University of Virginia | 1 | ||
| Richard Lugar (R) | IN-Senate | B.A. in Economics, Denison University, 1954; M.A. in Economics/Politics/Philosophy, Pembroke College, Oxford University | 0 | ||
| Pete Visclosky (D) | IN-1 | B.S., Accounting, Indiana University Northwest; M.A., International/Comparative Law, Georgetown University; J.D., University of Notre Dame Law School | 1 | ||
| Joe Donnelly (D) | IN-2 | J.D., University of Notre Dame Law School; B.A., Government, University of Notre Dame | 1 | ||
| Mark Souder (R) | IN-3 | MB.A., University Notre Dame; B.S., Business Administration, Indiana University at Fort Wayne | 0 | ||
| Steve Buyer (R) | IN-4 | J.D., Valparaiso University School of Law; B.A., Business Administration, The Citadel | 1 | ||
| Dan Burton (R) | IN-5 | Attended, Cincinnati Bible Seminary; Attended, Indiana University. | 0 | ||
| Mike Pence (R) | IN-6 | J.D., Indiana University School of Law; B.A., History, Hanover College | 1 | ||
| Andr� Carson (D) | IN-7 | MB.A., Business Management, Indiana Wesleyan University; B.A., Criminal Justice Management, Concordia University � Wisconsin | 0 | ||
| Brad Ellsworth (D) | IN-8 | MA, Criminology, Indiana State University-Terre Haute; Graduated, Federal Bureau of Investigations National Academy; B.S., Sociology, Indiana State University Evansville | 0 | ||
| Baron Hill (D) | IN-9 | B.A., History, Furman University | 0 | ||
| Chuck Grassley (R) | IA-Senate | B.A. University of Northern Iowa; M.A. in Political Science, University of Northern Iowa; Ph.D. work, University of Iowa | 0 | ||
| Tom Harkin (D) | IA-Senate | B.S. in Government/Economics, Iowa State University; J.D., Catholic University of America | 1 | ||
| Bruce Braley (D) | IA-1 | J.D., University of Iowa; B.A., Political Science, Iowa State University | 1 | ||
| David Loebsack (D) | IA-2 | Ph.D., Political Science, University of California at Davis; MA, Political Science, Iowa State University; B.S., Political Science, Iowa State University | 0 | ||
| Leonard Boswell (D) | IA-3 | B.A., Business Administration, Graceland College; Attended, Army Aviation Helicopter Flight School; Attended, Army Command and General Staff College; Attended, Army Fixed Wing Flight School; Attended, Artillery Officers Candidate School. | 0 | ||
| Tom Latham (R) | IA-4 | Attended, Iowa State University; Attended, Wartburg College. | 0 | ||
| Steve King (R) | IA-5 | Attended, Northwest Missouri State University | 0 | ||
| Pat Roberts (R) | KS-Senate | B.A., Journalism, Kansas State University | 0 | ||
| Sam Brownback (R) | KS-Senate | B.S., Agricultural Economics, Kansas State University; J.D., University of Kansas | 1 | ||
| Jerry Moran (R) | KS-1 | J.D., Kansas University School of Law; B.S., Economics, University of Kansas; Attended, Fort Hays State University | 1 | ||
| Lynn Jenkins (R) | KS-2 | B.S., Accounting/Economics, Weber State College; A.A., Kansas State University | 0 | ||
| Dennis Moore (D) | KS-3 | J.D., Washburn University; MA, Philosophy; B.S. Physics, University of Kansas; Attended, Southern Methodist University | 1 | 1 | |
| Todd Tiahrt (R) | KS-4 | M.B.A., Marketing, Southwest Missouri State University; B.A., Management, Evangel College; Attended, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology | 0 | ||
| Jim Bunning (R) | KY-Senate | B.S., Economics, Xavier University | 0 | ||
| Mitch McConnell (R) | KY-Senate | B.A., University of Louisville 1964; J.D., University of Kentucky Law School | 1 | ||
| Ed Whitfield (R) | KY-1 | J.D., University of Kentucky; Attended, American University, Wesley Theological Seminary; B.S., Business, University of Kentucky | 1 | ||
| Brett Guthrie (R) | KY-2 | Master�s of Public and Private Management, Yale University; B.S. in Mathematical economics, U.S. Military Academy at West Point | 1 | 0 | |
| John Yarmuth (D) | KY-3 | B.A., American Studies, Yale University | 0 | ||
| Geoff Davis (R) | KY-4 | Attended, National Security/International Affairs, United States Military Academy | 0 | ||
| Harold Rogers (R) | KY-5 | LLB, University of Kentucky Law School; B.A., University of Kentucky; Attended, Western Kentucky University | 0 | ||
| Ben Chandler (D) | KY-6 | J.D., University of Kentucky College of Law; B.A., History, University of Kentucky | 1 | ||
| David Vitter (R) | LA-Senate | B.A., Harvard University; M.A., Economics/History, Oxford University; J.D., Tulane University | 1 | ||
| Mary Landrieu (D) | LA-Senate | B.A., Louisiana State University | 0 | ||
| Steve Scalise (R) | LA-1 | B.S., Computer Science, Louisiana State University | 0 | ||
| Joseph Cao (R) | LA-2 | B.S., Physics, Baylor University; MA, Philosophy, Fordham University; J.D., Loyola University New Orleans | 1 | 1 | |
| Charlie Melancon (D) | LA-3 | B.A., Agri-Business, University of Southwestern Louisiana | 0 | ||
| John Fleming (R) | LA-4 | MD, University of Mississippi | 0 | ||
| Rodney Alexander (R) | LA-5 | Attended, Louisiana Technical University | 0 | ||
| Bill Cassidy (R) | LA-6 | MD, Louisiana State University Medical School; B.S., Biochemistry, Louisiana State University | 1 | 0 | |
| Charles Boustany (R) | LA-7 | MD, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans; B.A., University of Louisiana, Lafayette | 0 | ||
| Olympia Snowe (R) | ME-Senate | B.A., Political Science, University of Maine | 0 | ||
| Susan Collins (R) | ME-Senate | B.A., Saint Lawrence University | 0 | ||
| Chellie Pingree (D) | ME-1 | Attended, Kennedy School of Government Summer Fellows Program; B.A., College of the Atlantic; Attended, Outward Bound; Attended, University of Southern Maine. | 0 | ||
| Mike Michaud (D) | ME-2 | Doctor of Public Service, Unity College; Attended, Senior Executives Program, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University | 0 | ||
| Barbara Mikulski (D) | MD-Senate | B.A., Mount Saint Agnes College; MSW, University of Maryland | 0 | ||
| Ben Cardin (D) | MD-Senate | B.A., Economics, University of Pittsburgh; J.D., University of Maryland | 1 | ||
| Frank Kratovil (D) | MD-1 | J.D., University of Baltimore School of Law; B.A., Western Maryland College | 1 | ||
| Dutch Ruppersberger (D) | MD-2 | J.D., University of Baltimore Law School; B.S., University of Maryland; Attended, Baltimore City College | 1 | ||
| John Sarbanes (D) | MD-3 | J.D., Harvard Law School; Attended, Law/Politics, Fulbright Scholarship, Greece; Degree, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University | 1 | ||
| Donna Edwards (D) | MD-4 | J.D., Franklin Pierce Law School; Degree, English/Spanish, Wake Forest University | 1 | ||
| Steny Hoyer (D) | MD-5 | J.D., Georgetown University Law Center; B.S., Political Science, University of Maryland | 1 | ||
| Roscoe Bartlett (R) | MD-6 | Ph.D., Physiology, University of Maryland; MS, Physiology, University of Maryland; B.S., Theology/Biology, Columbia Union College | 1 | 0 | |
| Elijah Cummings (D) | MD-7 | J.D., University of Maryland School of Law; B.A., Political Science, Howard University | 1 | ||
| Chris Van Hollen (D) | MD-8 | J.D., Georgetown University Law Center; MPP, Public Policy, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University; B.A., Philosophy, Swarthmore College | 1 | ||
| John Kerry (D) | MA-Senate | B.A., Political Science, Yale University; J.D., Boston College Law School | 1 | ||
| Ted Kennedy (D) | MA-Senate | B.A., Government, Harvard University; LL.B, University of Virgina | 0 | ||
| John Olver (D) | MA-1 | Ph.D., Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; MS, Chemistry, Tufts University; B.A., Chemistry, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute | 1 | 0 | |
| Richard Neal (D) | MA-2 | MPA, University of Hartford, Barney School of Business and Public Administration; B.S., Political Science, American International College | 0 | ||
| Jim McGovern (D) | MA-3 | MPA, American University; B.A., History, American University | 0 | ||
| Barney Frank (D) | MA-4 | J.D., Harvard Law School; Graduate Studies, Harvard University; B.A., Government, Harvard University | 1 | ||
| Niki Tsongas (D) | MA-5 | J.D., Boston University; Attended, Michigan State; Attended, Smith College | 1 | ||
| John Tierney (D) | MA-6 | J.D., Suffolk University School of Law; B.A., Political Science, Salem State College | 1 | ||
| Ed Markey (D) | MA-7 | J.D., Boston College Law School; B.A., Boston College | 1 | ||
| Mike Capuano (D) | MA-8 | J.D., Boston College Law School; B.A., Psychology, Dartmouth College | 1 | ||
| Stephen Lynch (D) | MA-9 | MA, Public Administration, Harvard University; J.D., Boston College; B.S., Construction Management, Wentworth Institute of Technology | 1 | ||
| Bill Delahunt (D) | MA-10 | J.D., Boston College Law School; B.A., Middlebury College | 1 | ||
| Carl Levin (D) | MI-Senate | B.A., Political Science, Swarthmore College; LLB, Harvard Law School | 0 | ||
| Debbie Stabenow (D) | MI-Senate | B.A., Michigan State University; MSW, Michigan State University | 0 | ||
| Bart Stupak (D) | MI-1 | J.D., Thomas M. Cooley Law School; B.S., Criminal Justice, Saginaw Valley State University; A.A., Northwestern Michigan Community College | 1 | ||
| Peter Hoekstra (R) | MI-2 | M.B.A., University of Michigan; B.A., Political Science, Hope College | 0 | ||
| Vern Ehlers (R) | MI-3 | Ph.D., Nuclear Physics, University of California, Berkeley; AB, Physics, University of California, Berkeley;Attended, Calvin College, 1952-1955. | 1 | 0 | |
| David Lee Camp (R) | MI-4 | J.D., University of San Diego; B.A., Albion College | 1 | ||
| Dale E. Kildee (D) | MI-5 | Graduate Studies, History/Political Science, University of Peshawar, Pakistan, Rotary Foundation Fellowship; MA, University of Michigan; B.A., Sacred Heart Seminary; Teaching Certificate, University of Detroit | 0 | ||
| Fred Upton (R) | MI-6 | B.A., Journalism, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor | 0 | ||
| Mark Schauer (D) | MI-7 | Attending, Ph.D., Political Science/Urban Studies, Michigan State University; MA, Political Science, Michigan State University; MPA, Western Michigan University; B.A., Albion College | 0 | ||
| Mike J. Rogers (R) | MI-8 | Graduate, FBI Academy; B.A., Sociology, Criminal Justice, Adrian College; Attended, University of Michigan | 0 | ||
| Gary Peters (D) | MI-9 | J.D., Wayne State University Law School; M.B.A. University of Detroit; B.A. Alma College | 1 | ||
| Candice Miller (R) | MI-10 | Attended, Northwood University; Attended, Macomb County Community College | 0 | ||
| Thaddeus McCotter (R) | MI-11 | J.D., University of Detroit; B.A., Political Science, University of Detroit | 1 | ||
| Sander Levin (D) | MI-12 | J.D., Harvard University; MA, International Relations, Columbia University; B.A., University of Chicago | 1 | ||
| Carolyn Cheeks Kilpatrick (D) | MI-13 | MS, Education, University of Michigan; B.S., Education, Western Michigan University; A.A., Ferris State University | 0 | ||
| John Conyers Jr. (D) | MI-14 | J.D., Wayne State Law School; B.A., Wayne State University | 1 | ||
| John Dingell (D) | MI-15 | J.D., Georgetown University Law School; B.S., Chemistry, Georgetown University | 1 | 1 | |
| Amy Klobuchar (D) | MN-Senate | B.A., Political Science, Yale University; J.D., University of Chicago | 1 | ||
| Al Franken (D) | MN-Senate | B.A., General Studies, Harvard College | 0 | ||
| Tim Walz (D) | MN-1 | Attending, Ph.D., Saint Mary�s University; MS, Educational Leadership, Minnesota State University, Mankato; B.S., Social Science Education, Chadron State College | 0 | ||
| John Kline (R) | MN-2 | M.P.A., Shippensburg University; B.A., Biology, Rice University | 1 | 0 | |
| Erik Paulsen (R) | MN-3 | B.A., Mathematics, Saint Olaf College | 1 | 0 | |
| Betty McCollum (D) | MN-4 | B.A., College of Saint Catherine; A.A., Inver Hill Community College | 0 | ||
| Keith Ellison (D) | MN-5 | J.D., University of Minnesota Law School; B.A., Economics, Wayne State University | 1 | ||
| Michele Bachmann (R) | MN-6 | J.D., Coburn Law; LLM, Marshall-Wythe School of Law, College of William and Mary; B.A., Winona State University | 1 | ||
| Collin Peterson (D) | MN-7 | B.A., Business Administration, Accounting, Moorhead State University | 0 | ||
| Jim Oberstar (D) | MN-8 | MA, European Studies, College of Europe, Bruges, Belgium; B.A., French/Political Science, College of Saint Thomas; Attended, Graduate Program, Georgetown University; Attended, Laval University, Quebec, Canada. | 0 | ||
| Roger Wicker (R) | MS-Senate | B.A., Political Science/Journalism, University of Mississippi; J.D., University of Mississippi | 1 | ||
| Thad Cochran (R) | MS-Senate | B.A., Psychology/Political Science, University of Mississippi; Graduated, United States Navy School of Justice; J.D., University of Mississippi Law School | 1 | ||
| Travis Childers (D) | MS-1 | B.A., Business Administration, University of Mississippi; Attended, Northeast Mississippi Junior College | 0 | ||
| Bennie Thompson (D) | MS-2 | MS, Educational Administration, Jackson State University; B.A., Political Science, Tougaloo College | 0 | ||
| Gregg Harper (R) | MS-3 | J.D., University of Mississippi Law School; B.S., Chemistry, Mississippi College | 1 | 1 | |
| Gene Taylor (D) | MS-4 | Graduate Studies, Business/Economics, University of Southern Mississippi; B.S., Political Science/History, Tulane University | 0 | ||
| Claire McCaskill (D) | MO-Senate | B.S., Political Science, University of Missouri; J.D., University of Missouri Law School | 1 | ||
| Kit Bond (R) | MO-Senate | B.A., Woodrow Wilson School of Government, Princeton University; LLB, University of Virginia School of Law, 1963 | 0 | ||
| William Lacy Clay, Jr. (D) | MO-1 | B.S., Government/Politics, University of Maryland; Political Science and Paralegal Certificate, University of Maryland, College Park | 0 | ||
| Todd Akin (R) | MO-2 | B.S., Management Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute; M.Div., Covenant Seminary | 0 | ||
| Russ Carnahan (D) | MO-3 | B.S., Public Administration/Public Service, University of MO- Columbia; J.D. University of Missouri-Columbia | 1 | ||
| Ike Skelton (D) | MO-4 | A.A., Wentworth Military and Junior College; AB and LL.B. (Bachelor of Laws) University of Missouri | 0 | ||
| Emanuel Cleaver (D) | MO-5 | B.S., Sociology from Prairie View A&M University, M.Div., St. Paul School of Theology | 0 | ||
| Sam Graves (R) | MO-6, | B.S. Agronomy from University of Missouri-Columbia | 0 | ||
| Roy Blunt (R) | MO-7 | B.A. in History from Southwest Baptist University and M.A. in History from Missouri State University | 0 | ||
| Jo Ann Emerson (R) | MO-8 | B.A. in political science from Ohio Wesleyan University | 0 | ||
| Blaine Luetkemeyer (R) | MO-9 | B.A., Political Science, minor in Business Administratio, Lincoln University | 0 | ||
| Jon Tester (D) | MT-Senate | B.S., Music, University of Great Falls | 0 | ||
| Max Baucus (D) | MT-Senate | B.A., Economics, Stanford University; LLB, Stanford University Law School | 0 | ||
| Denny Rehberg (R) | MT-at-large | B.A., Public Administration/Political Science, Washington State | 0 | ||
| Ben Nelson (D) | NE-Senate | B.A., Philosophy, University of Nebraska; M.A., Philosophy, University of Nebraska; J.D., University of Nebraska | 1 | ||
| Mike Johanns (R) | NE-Senate | B.A., Saint Mary�s University, Winona, MN; J.D., Creighton University | 1 | ||
| Jeff Fortenberry (R) | NE-1 | B.A., Economics, Louisiana State University, MPP, Georgetown, MA, Theology, Franciscan University | 0 | ||
| Lee Terry (R) | NE-2 | B.A. in Political Science from University of Nebraska and Law Degree from Creighton University | 0 | ||
| Adrian Smith (R) | NE-3 | B.S. in Marketing Education from University of Nebraska-Lincoln | 0 | ||
| Harry Reid (D) | NV-Senate | A.S., Southern Utah State College; B.S., Utah State University; J.D., George Washington University School of Law | 1 | ||
| John Ensign (R) | NV-Senate | B.S., Oregon State University; DVM, Colorado State University Veterinary School | 0 | ||
| Shelley Berkley (D) | NV-1 | B.A., Political Science, University of Nevada Las Vegas, J.D., University of San Diego | 1 | ||
| Dean Heller (R) | NV-2 | B.A., Business Administration, University of Southern California | 0 | ||
| Dina Titus (D) | NV-3 | B.A. Government, College of William and Mary; MS, Political Science, University of Georgia; Ph.D., Political Science, University of Florida | 0 | ||
| Jeanne Shaheen (D) | NH-Senate | B.A., Shippensburg College; M.S.S., University of Mississippi | 0 | ||
| Judd Gregg (R) | NH-Senate | B.A., Columbia University; J.D., Boston University; LLM, Tax Law, Boston University | 1 | ||
| Carol Shea-Porter (D) | NH-1 | B.S., Social services; M.S., public Administration, University of New Hampshire | 0 | ||
| Paul Hodes (D) | NH-2 | B.A., French, Dartmouth College; J.D., Boston College Law School | 1 | ||
| Bob Menendez (D) | NJ-Senate | B.A., Saint Peter�s College; J.D., Rutgers School of Law, Newark | 1 | ||
| Frank Lautenberg (D) | NJ-Senate | B.S., Economics, Columbia University School of Business | 0 | ||
| Rob Andrews (D) | NJ-1 | B.A., Political Science, Bucknell University; J.D., Cornell University Law School | 1 | ||
| Frank LoBiondo (R) | NJ-2 | B.A., Business Administration, St. Joseph�s University | 0 | ||
| John Adler (D) | NJ-3 | B.A., Government, Harvard College; J.D., Harvard Law School | 1 | ||
| Chris Smith (R) | NJ-4 | B.A., Business, Trenton State College | 0 | ||
| Scott Garrett (R) | NJ-5 | B.A., Political Science, Montclair State University; J.D., Rutgers School of Law | 1 | ||
| Frank Pallone (D) | NJ-6 | B.A. History and French, Middlebury College; M.A., International Relations, Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University; J.D., Rutgers University School of Law | 1 | ||
| Leonard Lance (R) | NJ-7 | B.A., Lehigh University; M.P.A., Woodrow Wilson School at Princeton University, J.D., Vanderbilt University Law School | 1 | ||
| Bill Pascrell Jr. (D) | NJ-8 | B.A., Journalism; MA, Philosophy, Fordham University | 0 | ||
| Steve Rothman (D) | NJ-9 | B.A., Political Philosophy, Syracuse University | 0 | ||
| Donald M. Payne (D) | NJ-10 | B.A., Social Studies, Seton Hall University, Graduate Studies, Springfield College | 0 | ||
| Rodney Frelinghuysen (R) | NJ-11 | B.A., Hobart College, Attended for American History, Trinity College | 0 | ||
| Rush D. Holt Jr. (D) | NJ-12 | B.S., Physics, Carleton College, MS/PhD, Physics, New York University | 1 | 0 | |
| Albio Sires (D) | NJ-13 | B.A., Business, St. Peter�s College | 0 | ||
| Jeff Bingaman (D) | NM-Senate | B.A., Government, Harvard University; J.D., Stanford Law School | 1 | ||
| Tom Udall (D) | NM-Senate | B.A., Government, Political Science, Prescott College; BLL, Cambridge University; J.D., University of New Mexico | 1 | ||
| Martin Heinrich (D) | NM-1 | B.S.E, Science and Engineering, University of Missouri | 1 | 0 | |
| Harry Teague (D) | NM-2 | Did not complete high school. | 0 | ||
| Ben R. Luj�n (D) | NM-3 | B.A., Business Administration, Highlands University | 0 | ||
| Charles Schumer (D) | NY-Senate | B.A., Harvard University; J.D., Harvard Law School | 1 | ||
| Tim Bishop (D) | NY-1 | B.A., History, College of the Holy Cross; M.P.A., Public Administration, Long Island University | 0 | ||
| Steve Israel (D) | NY-2 | B.A. Political Science, George Washington University | 0 | ||
| Peter T. King (R) | NY-3 | St. Francis College, B.A., History; J.D., University of Notre DAme | 1 | ||
| Carolyn McCarthy (D) | NY-4 | LPN, Nursing, Glen Cove Nursing School | 0 | ||
| Gary Ackerman (D) | NY-5 | B.A., Education and Political Science, Queens College | 0 | ||
| Gregory W. Meeks (D) | NY-6 | B.A., Adelphi University and J.D., Howard University | 1 | ||
| Joseph Crowley (D) | NY-7 | B.A., political science and communication, Queens College | 0 | ||
| Jerrold Nadler (D) | NY-8 | B.A., Government, Columbia University and J.D., Fordham University | 1 | ||
| Anthony D. Weiner (D) | NY-9 | B.A., University of New York at Plattsburgh | 0 | ||
| Ed Towns (D) | NY-10 | B.S., Sociology, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University and MSW, Social Work form Adelphi University | 0 | ||
| Yvette D. Clarke (D) | NY-11 | B.A., Public Policy and Political Science, Oberlin College | 0 | ||
| Nydia Vel�zquez (D) | NY-12 | B.A., Political Science University of Puerto Rico; MA, political science, NYU | 0 | ||
| Michael McMahon (D) | NY-13 | B.A., Political Science/History, New York University, J.D., New York Law School | 1 | ||
| Carolyn B. Maloney (D) | NY-14 | B.A., History and Literature, Greensboro College | 0 | ||
| Charles B. Rangel (D) | NY-15 | B.S., accounting, New York University and J.D., St. John�s University | 1 | ||
| Jos� Serrano (D) | NY-16 | attended City University of New York but did not get a degree | 0 | ||
| Eliot L. Engel (D) | NY-17 | B.A., history, Hunter-Lehman College; master�s degree, guidance and counseling, Herbert H. Lehman College; J.D., New York Law School | 1 | ||
| Nita Lowey (D) | NY-18 | B.A., Marketing, Mount Holyoke College | 0 | ||
| John Hall (D) | NY-19 | Attended for Physics, Notre Dame (didn�t graduate) | 1 | 0 | |
| Kirsten Gillibrand (D) | NY-20 | B.A., Asian Studies, Dartmouth, J.D., UCLA School of Law | 1 | ||
| Paul Tonko (D) | NY-21 | B.S., Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Clarkson University | 1 | 0 | |
| Maurice Hinchey (D) | NY-22 | B.S., Political Science and English, State University of New York at New Paltz | 0 | ||
| John M. McHugh (R) | NY-23 | B.A., Political Science, Utica College of Syracuse University and a Master�s Degree, Public Administration, State University�s Nelson A. Rockefeller Graduate School of Public Affairs | 0 | ||
| Michael Arcuri (D) | NY-24 | B.A., History, State University of New York and J.D., New York Law School | 1 | ||
| Dan Maffei (D) | NY-25 | B.A., History, Brown University and Master�s, Journalism, Columbia and Masters, Harvard�s John F. Kennedy School of Government | 0 | ||
| Chris Lee (R) | NY-26 | B.A., economics and finance, University of Rochester and an M.B.A., Chapman University | 0 | ||
| Brian Higgins (D) | NY-27 | B.A., Political Science and MA, History, Buffalo State College and M.P.A., Harvard University | 0 | ||
| Louise McIntosh Slaughter (D) | NY-28 | B.S., microbiology and a Masters Degree, public health, University of Kentucky, Lexington | 1 | 0 | |
| Eric Massa (D) | NY-29 | B.S., Engineering, Annapolis | 1 | 0 | |
| Kay Hagan (D) | NC-Senate | B.A., American Studies, Florida State University; J.D., Wake Forest University | 1 | ||
| Richard Burr (R) | NC-Senate | B.A., Wake Forest University | 0 | ||
| G. K. Butterfield (D) | NC-1 | B.A., Political Science and J.D., North Carolina Central University | 1 | ||
| Bob Etheridge (D) | NC-2 | B.A., Business, Campbell University | 0 | ||
| Walter B. Jones (R) | NC-3 | B.S., History, Atlantic Christian College | 0 | ||
| David Price (D) | NC-4 | B.A., American History and Math, University of North Carolina; BD, Theology and PhD, Political Science, Yale; | 1 | 0 | |
| Virginia Foxx (R) | NC-5 | B.A. and MA, Sociology and PhD, Higher Education, University of North Carolina | 0 | ||
| Howard Coble (R) | NC-6 | B.A., History, Guilford College and a J.D., University of North Carolina School of Law | 1 | ||
| Mike McIntyre (D) | NC-7 | B.A., Political Science and J.D., University of North Carolina | 1 | ||
| Larry Kissell (D) | NC-8 | B.A., Economics, Wake Forest University | 0 | ||
| Sue Wilkins Myrick (R) | NC-9 | Attended Heidelberg College for Elementary Education | 0 | ||
| Patrick McHenry (R) | NC-10 | B.A., History, Belmont Abbey College | 0 | ||
| Heath Shuler (D) | NC-11 | B.A., Psychology, University of Tennessee | 0 | ||
| Mel Watt (D) | NC-12 | B.A., Business Administration, University of North Carolina and J.D., Yale | 1 | ||
| Brad Miller (D) | NC-13 | B.A. Political Science, University of North Carolina; MSC, Comparative Government, London School of Economics; J.D., Columbia | 1 | ||
| Byron Dorgan (D) | ND-Senate | B.S., University of North Dakota; MB.A., University of Denver | 0 | ||
| Kent Conrad (D) | ND-Senate | B.A., Government/Political Science, Stanford University 1971; MB.A., George Washington University 1975 | 0 | ||
| Earl Pomeroy (D) | ND-At-large | B.A. Political Science; J.D. University of North Dakota | 1 | ||
| George Voinovich (R) | OH-Senate | B.A., Government, Ohio University 1958; J.D., Ohio State University 1961 | 1 | ||
| Sherrod Brown (D) | OH-Senate | B.A., Russian Studies, Yale University 1974; MPA, Ohio State University 1979; MA, Education, Ohio State University 1981 | 0 | ||
| Steve Driehaus (D) | OH-1 | B.A. Political Science, Miami University. M.P.A. Public Administration, Indiana University. | 0 | ||
| Jean Schmidt (R) | OH-2 | B.S. Political Science, University of Cincinnati | 0 | ||
| Michael R. Turner (R) | OH-3 | B.A. Political Science, Ohio Northern University. M.B.A. Business, University of Dayton. J.D., Case Western Reserve University | 1 | ||
| Jim Jordan (R) | OH-4 | B.A. Economics, University of Wisconsin, Madison. M.A. Social Studies Education, Ohio State University. J.D. Capital University. | 1 | ||
| Bob Latta (R) | OH-5 | B.A. History, Bowling Green State University. J.D. University of Toledo. | 1 | ||
| Charlie Wilson (D) | OH-6 | B.B.A. Business Administration, Ohio University | 0 | ||
| Steve Austria (R) | OH-7 | B.A. Political Science, Marquette University | 0 | ||
| John A. Boehner (R) | OH-8 | B.A. Business Administration, Xavier University | 0 | ||
| Marcy Kaptur (D) | OH-9 | B.A. History, University of Wisconsin, Madison. M.A. Urban Planning, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. | 0 | ||
| Dennis J. Kucinich (D) | OH-10 | B.A.; M.A. Speech Communications, Case Western Reserve University | 0 | ||
| Marcia Fudge (D) | OH-11 | B.S. Business Administration, Ohio State University. J.D. Cleveland State University. | 1 | ||
| Pat Tiberi (R) | OH-12 | B.A. Journalism, Ohio State University | 0 | ||
| Betty Sutton (D) | OH-13 | B.A. Political Science, Kent State University. J.D. University of Akron. | 1 | ||
| Steve LaTourette (R) | OH-14 | B.A. History, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. J.D. Cleveland State University | 1 | ||
| Mary Jo Kilroy (D) | OH-15 | B.A. Political Science, Cleveland State University, J.D. Ohio State University | 1 | ||
| John Boccieri (D) | OH-16 | B.S. Economics, St. Bonaventure University. M.P.A. Public Administration, Webster University. M.A. Business, Webster University. | 0 | ||
| Tim Ryan (D) | OH-17 | B.S. Political Science, Bowling Green State University. J.D. Franklin Pierce Law Center. | 1 | ||
| Zack Space (D) | OH-18 | B.A. Political Science, Kenyon College. J.D. Ohio State University. | 1 | ||
| James Inhofe (R) | OK-Senate | B.A., Economics, University of Tulsa 1973 | 0 | ||
| Tom Coburn (R) | OK-Senate | B.S., Accounting, Oklahoma State University 1970; M.D., University of Oklahoma Medical School 1983 | 0 | ||
| John Sullivan (R) | OK-1 | B.A. Business Administration, Northeastern State University | 0 | ||
| Dan Boren (D) | OK-2 | B.A. Economics, Texas Christian University. M.B.A. Business, University of Oklahoma | 0 | ||
| Frank Lucas (R) | OK-3 | B.A. Agri-economics, Oklahoma State University | 0 | ||
| Tom Cole (R) | OK-4 | B.A. History, Grinnell College. M.A. History, Yale University. Ph.D. History, University of Oklahoma. | 0 | ||
| Mary Fallin (R) | OK-5 | B.S. Human and Environmental Studies, Oklahoma State University. | 0 | ||
| Jeff Merkley (D) | OR-Senate | B.A., Stanford University 1979; M.A., Princeton University 1982 | 0 | ||
| Ron Wyden (D) | OR-Senate | B.A., Political Science, Stanford University 1971; J.D., University of Oregon School of Law 1974 | 1 | ||
| David Wu (D) | OR-1 | B.S. Biology, Stanford University. J.D. Yale University. | 1 | 1 | |
| Greg Walden (R) | OR-2 | B.A. Journalism, University of Oregon | 0 | ||
| Earl Blumenauer (D) | OR-3 | B.A. Political Science; J.D., Lewis and Clark College. | 1 | ||
| Peter DeFazio (D) | OR-4 | B.A. Economics and Political Science, Tufts University. M.S. Public Administration and Gerontology, University of Oregon | 0 | ||
| Kurt Schrader (D) | OR-5 | B.A. International Relations, Cornell University, B.S. University of Illinois, DVM, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign | 0 | ||
| Arlen Specter (R) | PA-Senate | B.A., International Relations, University of Pennsylvania 1951; LLB, Yale Law School 1956 | 0 | ||
| Bob Casey, Jr. (D)),PA-Senate | PA-Senate | B.A., The College of the Holy Cross 1982; J.D., The Catholic University of America 1988 | 1 | ||
| Bob Brady (D) | PA-1 | High school diploma | 0 | ||
| Chaka Fattah (D) | PA-2 | Attended Community College of Philadelphia; M.A. Government Administration, University of Pennsylvania; Senior Executives Program, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University | 0 | ||
| Kathy Dahlkemper (D) | PA-3 | B.S. Dietetics, Edinboro University of Pennsylvania | 0 | ||
| Jason Altmire (D) | PA-4 | B.A. Political Science, Florida State University. M.S. Heath Administration, George Washington University | 0 | ||
| Glenn Thompson (R) | PA-5 | B.S. Therapeutic Recreation, Pennsylvania State University. M.Ed. Health Science/Therapeutic Recreation, Temple University. NHA/L Nursing/ Home Administration, Marywood University. | 0 | ||
| Jim Gerlach (R) | PA-6 | B.A. Political Science; J.D. Dickinson College. | 1 | ||
| Joe Sestak (D) | PA-7 | B.S. American Political Systems, U.S. Naval Academy. M.S. and Ph.D. Political Economy and Government, Harvard University. | 0 | ||
| Patrick Murphy (D) | PA-8 | A.A. Psychology, Bucks County Community College. B.A. Psychology and Human Resources Management, King�s College. J.D. Widener University | 1 | ||
| Bill Shuster (R) | PA-9 | B.A. Political Science and History, Dickinson College. M.B.A. Business Administration, American University | 0 | ||
| Chris Carney (D) | PA-10 | B.S. Environmental Science and U.S. Diplomatic History, Cornell College. M.A. University of Wyoming. Ph.D. University of Nebraska � Lincoln | 0 | ||
| Paul E. Kanjorski (D) | PA-11 | Attended: Temple University and Dickinson College Law School | 0 | ||
| John Murtha (D) | PA-12 | B.A. Economics, University of Pittsburgh | 0 | ||
| Allyson Schwartz (D) | PA-13 | B.A. Sociology, Simmons College. M.A. Social Work, Bryn Mawr School of Social Work | 0 | ||
| Michael F. Doyle (D) | PA-14 | B.A. Community Planning, Pennsylvania State University | 0 | ||
| Charlie Dent (R) | PA-15 | B.S. International Politics and Foreign Service, Pennsylvania State University. M.P.A. Public Administration, LeHigh University | 0 | ||
| Joseph R. Pitts (R) | PA-16 | B.A. Math, Asbury College. M.Ed. Science Education, West Chester University | 1 | 0 | |
| Tim Holden (D) | PA-17 | B.A. Sociology, Bloomsburg University | 0 | ||
| Tim Murphy (R) | PA-18 | B.A. Psychology, Wheeling Jesuit University. M.A. Psychology, Cleveland State University. Ph.D. Clinical Psychology, University of Pittsburgh | 0 | ||
| Todd Platts (R) | PA-19 | B.A. Public Administration, Shippensburg University. J.D. Pepperdine University | 1 | ||
| Jack Reed (D) | RI-Senate | B.S., Engineering, United States Military Academy, West Point 1971; MPP, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University 1973; J.D., Harvard Law School 1982 | 1 | 1 | |
| Sheldon Whitehouse (D) | RI-Senate | Architecture, Yale University 1978; J.D., University of Virginia Law School 1982 | 1 | ||
| Patrick J. Kennedy (D) | RI-1 | B.A. Social Sciences, Providence College | 0 | ||
| James Langevin (D) | RI-2 | B.A. Political Science, Rhode Island College. M.P.A. Public Administration, Harvard University. | 0 | ||
| Jim DeMint (R) | SC-Senate | B.S., Communications, University of Tennessee 1973; MB.A., Clemson University 1981 | 0 | ||
| Lindsey Graham (R) | SC-Senate | B.A., Psychology, University of SC- Columbia 1977; J.D., University of South Carolina Law School 1981 | 1 | ||
| Henry E. Brown, Jr. (R) | SC-1 | Attended: Baptist College; The Citadel. | 0 | ||
| Joe Wilson (R) | SC-2 | B.A. Political Science, Washington and Lee University. J.D. University of South Carolina. | 1 | ||
| Gresham Barrett (R) | SC-3 | B.S. Business, The Citadel. | 0 | ||
| Bob Inglis (R) | SC-4 | B.S. Political Science, Duke University. J.D. University of Virginia | 1 | ||
| John Spratt (D) | SC-5 | B.A. History, Davidson College. M.A. Philosophy, Politics, and Economics, Oxford University. L.L.B. Law, Yale University | 0 | ||
| Jim Clyburn (D) | SC-6 | B.A. Education, South Carolina State University. J.D. University of South Carolina | 1 | ||
| John Thune (R) | SD-Senate | B.A., Business, Biola University 1983; MB.A., University of South Dakota 1984 | 0 | ||
| Tim Johnson (D) | SD-Senate | B.A., Political Science, University of South Dakota 1969; MPA, Public Administration, University of South Dakota 1970; J.D., University of South Dakota 1975 | 1 | ||
| Stephanie Herseth Sandlin (D) | SD-At-large | B.A. Government, Georgetown University. J.D. Georgetown University | 1 | ||
| Bob Corker (R) | TN-Senate | B.S., Industrial Management, University of Tennessee 1974 | 0 | ||
| Lamar Alexander (R) | TN-Senate | B.A., Latin American History, Vanderbilt University 1962; J.D., New York University Law School 1965 | 1 | ||
| Phil Roe (R) | TN-1 | B.S. Biology, Austin Peay State University. M.D. University of Tennessee | 1 | 0 | |
| John Duncan (R) | TN-2 | B.A. Journalism, University of Tennessee. J.D. George Washington University. | 1 | ||
| Zach Wamp (R) | TN-3 | Attended: University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Industrial Relations; University of TN- Political Science. | 0 | ||
| Lincoln Davis (D) | TN-4 | B.S. Agronomy, Tennessee Tech University | 0 | ||
| Jim Cooper (D) | TN-5 | B.A. History and Economics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. M.A. Politics and Economics, Oxford University. J.D. Harvard Law School | 1 | ||
| Bart Gordon (D) | TN-6 | B.S. Political Science, Middle Tennessee State University, J.D. University of Tennessee | 1 | ||
| Marsha Blackburn (R) | TN-7 | B.A. Merchandising and Textiles, Mississippi State University. | 0 | ||
| John S. Tanner (D) | TN-8 | B.A. Business Administration; J.D., University of Tennessee | 1 | ||
| Steve Cohen (D) | TN-9 | B.A. History, Vanderbilt University. J.D. University of Memphis | 1 | ||
| John Cornyn (R) | TX-Senate | B.A., Journalism, Trinity University 1973; J.D., Saint Mary�s School of Law 1977; LLM, University of Virginia Law School 1995 | 1 | ||
| Kay Bailey Hutchison (R) | TX-Senate | B.A., University of Texas 1962; J.D., University of Texas School of Law 1967 | 1 | ||
| Louie Gohmert (R) | TX-1 | B.A. History, Texas A&M University. J.D. Baylor University | 1 | ||
| Ted Poe (R) | TX-2 | B.A. Political Science, Abilene Christian University. J.D. University of Houston. | 1 | ||
| Sam Johnson (R) | TX-3 | B.A. Business, Southern Methodist University. M.A. International Affairs, George Washington University | 0 | ||
| Ralph Hall (R) | TX-4 | Attended: Texas Christian University; University of Texas. L.L.B. Southern Methodist University | 0 | ||
| Jeb Hensarling (R) | TX-5 | B.A. Economics, Texas A&M University. J.D. University of Texas School of Law. | 1 | ||
| Joe Barton (R) | TX-6 | B.S. Engineering, Texas A&M University. M.S. Administration, Purdue University | 1 | 0 | |
| John Culberson (R) | TX-7 | B.A. History, Southern Methodist University. J.D. South Texas College of Law | 1 | ||
| Kevin Brady (R) | TX-8 | B.A. Mass Communications, University of South Dakota | 0 | ||
| Al Green (D) | TX-9 | Attended, Tuskegee Institute of Technology, Attended, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, J.D. Thurgood Marshall School of Law at Texas Southern University | 1 | ||
| Michael McCaul (R) | TX-10 | B.S. Political Science, Business and History, Trinity University. J.D. St. Mary�s University. Fellowship: government, Harvard University | 1 | ||
| Mike Conaway (R) | TX-11 | B.S. Accounting, East Texas State University | 0 | ||
| Kay Granger (R) | TX-12 | B.S. Texas Wesleyan University | 0 | ||
| Mac Thornberry (R) | TX-13 | B.A. History, Texas Tech University. J.D. University of Texas | 1 | ||
| Ron Paul (R) | TX-14 | B.S. Biology, Gettysburg University. M.D. Duke University | 1 | 0 | |
| Rub�n Hinojosa (D) | TX-15 | B.B.A. Business Administration, University of Texas. M.B.A. Business Administration, University of Texas � Pan American | 0 | ||
| Silvestre Reyes (D) | TX-16 | A.A. Criminal Justice, El Paso Community College. Attended, University of Texas. | 0 | ||
| Chet Edwards (D) | TX-17 | B.A. Economics, Texas A&M University. M.B.A. Harvard University | 0 | ||
| Sheila Jackson-Lee (D) | TX-18 | B.A. Political Science, Yale University. J.D. University of Virginia. | 1 | ||
| Randy Neugebauer (R) | TX-19 | B.A. Accounting, Texas Tech University | 0 | ||
| Charlie Gonzalez (D) | TX-20 | B.A. Government, University of Texas. J.D. St. Mary�s University | 1 | ||
| Lamar S. Smith (R) | TX-21 | B.A. American Studies, Yale University. J.D. Southern Methodist University | 1 | ||
| Pete Olson (R) | TX-22 | B.A. Computer Science, Rice University. J.D. University of Texas | 1 | 1 | |
| Ciro Rodriguez (D) | TX-23 | B.A. Political Science, St. Mary�s University. M.S.W. Social Work, Our Lady of the Lake University. | 0 | ||
| Kenny Marchant (R) | TX-24 | B.A. Business, Southern Nazarene University (or possibly Theology) | 0 | ||
| Lloyd Doggett (D) | TX-25 | B.A. Business; J.D. University of Texas | 1 | ||
| Michael C. Burgess (R) | TX-26 | B.A. Physiology, University of North Texas. M.A. Physiology, University of North Texas. M.D. University of Texas. M.A. Medical Management, University of Texas | 0 | ||
| Solomon P. Ortiz (D) | TX-27 | Officers Certificate, Institute of Applied Science; Attended Delmar College; Officers Certificate, National Sheriffs� Training Institute | 0 | ||
| Henry Cuellar (D) | TX-28 | A.A. Political Science, Laredo Community College. B.S.F.S. Foreign Service, Georgetown University. M.B.A. Business Administration, Laredo State University. J.D. University of Texas. Ph.D. Government, University of Texas | 1 | ||
| Gene Green (D) | TX-29 | B.A. Business Administration, University of Houston. Attended: University of Houston School of Law | 0 | ||
| Eddie Bernice Johnson (D) | TX-30 | B.A. Nursing, Texas Christian University. M.P.A. Public Administration, Southern Methodist University | 0 | ||
| John Carter (R) | TX-31 | B.A. History, Texas Tech University. J.D. University of Texas | 1 | ||
| Pete Sessions (R) | TX-32 | B.S. Political Science, Southwestern University | 0 | ||
| Orrin Hatch (R) | UT-Senate | B.S., History, Brigham Young University 1959; J.D., University of Pittsburgh Law of School 1962 | 1 | ||
| Robert Bennett (R) | UT-Senate | B.S., Political Science, University of Utah 1957 | 0 | ||
| Rob Bishop (R) | UT-1 | B.A. Political Science, University of Utah | 0 | ||
| Jim Matheson (D) | UT-2 | B.A. Government, Harvard University. M.B.A. Business, University of California, Los Angeles. | 0 | ||
| Jason Chaffetz (R) | UT-3 | B.A. Communications, Brigham Young University | 0 | ||
| Bernie Sanders (I) | VT-Senate | B.A., Psychology, University of Chicago 1964 | 0 | ||
| Patrick Leahy (D) | VT-Senate | B.A., Saint Michael�s College 1961; J.D., Georgetown University 1964 | 1 | ||
| Peter Welch (D) | VT-At-large | AB, College of the Holy Cross; JD, University of California Berkeley | 0 | ||
| Jim Webb (D) | VA-Senate | Graduated, United States Naval Academy 1968; J.D., Georgetown University Law Center 1975 | 1 | ||
| Mark Warner (D) | VA-Senate | B.A., Political Science, George Washington University 1977; J.D., Harvard Law School 1980 | 1 | ||
| Rob Wittman (R) | VA-1 | B.S., Biology, Virginia Tech; M.P.H. Health Policy and Administration, University of North Carolina; Ph.D. Public Policy and Administration, Virginia Commonwealth University | 1 | 0 | |
| Glenn Nye (D) | VA-2 | B.S., Foreign Service, School of Foreign Service Georgetown University | 0 | ||
| Robert C. Scott (D) | VA-3 | B.A., Political Science, Harvard University; J.D., Boston College Law School | 1 | ||
| Randy Forbes (R) | VA-4 | B.A., Political Science, Randolph-Macon College; J.D., University of Virginia | 1 | ||
| Tom Perriello (D) | VA-5 | B.A., Humanities, Yale University; J.D., Yale University | 1 | ||
| Bob Goodlatte (R) | VA-6 | B.A., Government, Bates College; J.D., Washington and Lee University School of Law | 1 | ||
| Eric Cantor (R) | VA-7 | B.A., Political Science, George Washington University; M.A., Real Estate Development, Columbia University; J.D., The College of William and Mary | 1 | ||
| Jim Moran (D) | VA-8 | B.A., Economics, College of the Holy Cross; M.A., Public Administration, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public and International Affairs | 0 | ||
| Rick Boucher (D) | VA-9 | B.A., Political Science, Roanoke College; J.D., University of Virginia | 1 | ||
| Frank Wolf (R) | VA-10 | B.A., Political Science, Penn State; J.D., Georgetown University | 1 | ||
| Gerry Connolly (D) | VA-11 | B.A., Literature, Maryknoll College; MA, Public Administration, Harvard University | 0 | ||
| Maria Cantwell (D) | WA-Senate | B.A., Public Policy, Miami University of Ohio 1980 | 0 | ||
| Patty Murray (D) | WA-Senate | B.A., Washington State University 1972 | 0 | ||
| Jay Inslee (D) | WA-1 | B.A., Economics, University of Washington; J.D., Willamette University | 1 | ||
| Rick Larsen (D) | WA-2 | B.A., Political Science, Pacific Lutheran University; M.A., Public Affairs, University of Minnesota | 0 | ||
| Brian Baird (D) | WA-3 | B.S., Psychology, University of Utah; MS, University of Wyoming; Ph.D., Clinical Psychology, University of Wyoming | 0 | ||
| Doc Hastings (R) | WA-4 | Attended Columbia Basin College for Business Administration, and Central Washington University; did not graduate from either | 0 | ||
| Cathy McMorris Rodgers (R) | WA-5 | B.A., Pre-Law, Pensacola Christian College; MB.A., University of Washington | 0 | ||
| Norm Dicks (D) | WA-6 | B.A., Political Science, University of Washington; J.D., University of Washington | 1 | ||
| Jim McDermott (D) | WA-7 | B.S., General Science, Wheaton College; M.D., University of Illinois | 0 | ||
| Dave Reichert (R) | WA-8 | Assoc. Arts, Concordia Lutheran College | 0 | ||
| Adam Smith (D) | WA-9 | B.A., Political Science, Fordham University; J.D., University of Washington | 1 | ||
| Jay Rockefeller (D) | WV-Senate | B.A., Asian Languages and History, Harvard University 1961 | 0 | ||
| Robert Byrd (D) | WV-Senate | J.D., American University 1963; B.A., Marshall University 1994 | 1 | ||
| Alan Mollohan (D) | WV-1 | B.A., Political Science, College of William and Mary; J.D., West Virginia University | 1 | ||
| Shelley Moore Capito (R) | WV-2 | B.S., Zoology, Duke University; M.Ed. University of Virginia | 1 | 0 | |
| Nick Rahall (D) | WV-3 | B.A., Political Science, Duke University | 0 | ||
| Herbert Kohl (D) | WI-Senate | B.A., University of Wisconsin-Madison 1956; MB.A., Harvard Graduate School of Business Administration 1958 | 0 | ||
| Russ Feingold (D) | WI-Senate | B.A., University of Wisconsin-Madison 1975; B.A., Rhodes Scholar, Final Honours School of Jurisprudence, Oxford University 1977; J.D., Harvard Law School 1979 | 1 | ||
| Paul Ryan (R) | WI-1 | B.A., Economics and Political Science, Miami University of Ohio | 0 | ||
| Tammy Baldwin (D) | WI-2 | B.A., Math and Government, Smith College; J.D., University of Wisconsin | 1 | 1 | |
| Ron Kind (D) | WI-3 | AB, Harvard University; MA, Economics, London School of Economics; J.D., University of Minnesota | 1 | ||
| Gwen Moore (D) | WI-4 | B.A., Political Science, Marquette University | 0 | ||
| Jim Sensenbrenner (R) | WI-5 | B.A., Political Science, Stanford University; J.D., University of Wisconsin-Madison | 1 | ||
| Tom Petri (R) | WI-6 | AB, Government; J.D., Harvard University | 1 | ||
| Dave Obey (D) | WI-7 | B.A., MA, Political Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison | 0 | ||
| Steve Kagen (D) | WI-8 | B.S., Molecular Biology; M.D., University of Wisconsin-Madison | 1 | 0 | |
| John Barrasso (R) | WY-Senate | B.S., Georgetown University 1974; MD, Georgetown University Medical School 1978 | 0 | ||
| Michael Enzi (R) | WY-Senate | B.A., Accounting, George Washington University 1966; M.A., Retail Marketing, University of Denver 1968 | 0 | ||
| Cynthia Lummis (R) | WY-At-large | B.S., Animal Science, B.S., Biology, J.D., University of Wyoming | 1 | 1 |
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| ''' | |
| Gaurav Sood | |
| Education of Members of Congress | |
| Note produced using the data at: gbytes.gsood.com/2011/07/11/lawyers | |
| ''' | |
| ed <- read.csv("cong.csv", header=T) | |
| names(ed) <- tolower(names(ed)) | |
| # Clean Education | |
| ed$cleaned <- clean(ed$education) | |
| # Law Degrees | |
| ed$law2 <- 0 | |
| ed$law2[grep("jd", ed$cleaned)] <- 1 | |
| # Party | |
| ed$pid <- NA | |
| ed$pid[grep("(D)", ed$name)] <- "d" | |
| ed$pid[grep("(R)", ed$name)] <- "r" | |
| ed$pid[grep("(I)", ed$name)] <- "i" | |
| # Senate | |
| ed$sen <- 0 | |
| ed$sen[grep("Senate", ed$district)] <- 1 | |
| # Proportion Law | |
| sum(ed$law2)/nrow(ed) | |
| sum(ed$law2 & ed$sen) | |
| sum(ed$law2 & !ed$sen)/(nrow(ed) - 99) | |
| sum(ed$law2[ed$pid=="d"])/sum(ed$pid=="d") | |
| sum(ed$law2[ed$pid=="r"])/sum(ed$pid=="r") | |
| sum(ed$law2[ed$pid=="r" & ed$sen==1])/sum(ed$pid=="r" & ed$sen==1) | |
| sum(ed$law2[ed$pid=="d" & ed$sen==1])/sum(ed$pid=="d" & ed$sen==1) | |
| sum(ed$law2[ed$pid=="r" & ed$sen==0])/sum(ed$pid=="r" & ed$sen==0) | |
| sum(ed$law2[ed$pid=="d" & ed$sen==0])/sum(ed$pid=="d" & ed$sen==0) | |
| # Proportion Science | |
| sum(ed$science, na.rm=T)/nrow(ed) | |
| sum(ed$science[ed$pid=="d"], na.rm=T)/sum(ed$pid=="d") | |
| sum(ed$science[ed$pid=="r"], na.rm=T)/sum(ed$pid=="r") | |
| # Proportion Harvard or Yale | |
| length(ed$education[grep("harvard", ed$cleaned)]) | |
| # 13.7% Harvard, Yale, Stanford |
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