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February 13, 2018 08:01
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rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"/w/load.php?debug=false&lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.tmh.thumbnail.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cmediawiki.legacy.commonPrint%2Cshared%7Cmediawiki.sectionAnchor%7Cmediawiki.skinning.interface%7Cskins.vector.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector\"/>\n<script async=\"\" src=\"/w/load.php?debug=false&lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&skin=vector\"></script>\n<meta name=\"ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles\" content=\"\"/>\n<link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"/w/load.php?debug=false&lang=en&modules=ext.gadget.charinsert-styles&only=styles&skin=vector\"/>\n<link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"/w/load.php?debug=false&lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector\"/>\n<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"MediaWiki 1.31.0-wmf.20\"/>\n<meta name=\"referrer\" content=\"origin\"/>\n<meta name=\"referrer\" content=\"origin-when-crossorigin\"/>\n<meta name=\"referrer\" 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src=\"/w/load.php?debug=false&lang=en&modules=html5shiv&only=scripts&skin=vector&sync=1\"></script><![endif]-->\n</head>\n<body class=\"mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Sweden rootpage-Sweden skin-vector action-view\">\t\t<div id=\"mw-page-base\" class=\"noprint\"></div>\n\t\t<div id=\"mw-head-base\" class=\"noprint\"></div>\n\t\t<div id=\"content\" class=\"mw-body\" role=\"main\">\n\t\t\t<a id=\"top\"></a>\n\t\t\t<div id=\"siteNotice\" class=\"mw-body-content\"><!-- CentralNotice --></div><div class=\"mw-indicators mw-body-content\">\n<div id=\"mw-indicator-pp-default\" class=\"mw-indicator\"><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semi\" title=\"This article is semi-protected.\"><img alt=\"Page semi-protected\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Padlock-silver.svg/20px-Padlock-silver.svg.png\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Padlock-silver.svg/30px-Padlock-silver.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Padlock-silver.svg/40px-Padlock-silver.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"128\" data-file-height=\"128\" /></a></div>\n</div>\n<h1 id=\"firstHeading\" class=\"firstHeading\" lang=\"en\">Sweden</h1>\t\t\t<div id=\"bodyContent\" class=\"mw-body-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"siteSub\" class=\"noprint\">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div>\t\t\t\t<div id=\"contentSub\"></div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"jump-to-nav\" class=\"mw-jump\">\n\t\t\t\t\tJump to:\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#mw-head\">navigation</a>, \t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#p-search\">search</a>\n\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"mw-content-text\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" class=\"mw-content-ltr\"><div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">This article is about the country. For other uses, see <a href=\"/wiki/Sweden_(disambiguation)\" class=\"mw-disambig\" title=\"Sweden (disambiguation)\">Sweden (disambiguation)</a>.</div>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">For other uses of \"Swedish\" or the Swedish word \"svensk(a)\", see <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_(disambiguation)\" class=\"mw-redirect mw-disambig\" title=\"Swedish (disambiguation)\">Swedish (disambiguation)</a>.</div>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span id=\"coordinates\"><a href=\"/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system\" title=\"Geographic coordinate system\">Coordinates</a>: <span class=\"plainlinks nourlexpansion\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Sweden&params=63_N_16_E_type:country_region:SE\"><span class=\"geo-default\"><span class=\"geo-dms\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\"><span class=\"latitude\">63°N</span> <span class=\"longitude\">16°E</span></span></span><span class=\"geo-multi-punct\"> / </span><span class=\"geo-nondefault\"><span class=\"geo-dec\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\">63°N 16°E</span><span style=\"display:none\"> / <span class=\"geo\">63; 16</span></span></span></a></span></span></span></p>\n<table class=\"infobox geography vcard\" style=\"width:22em;font-size:88%;\">\n<tr>\n<th colspan=\"2\" class=\"adr\" style=\"text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;padding:0.25em 0.33em 0.33em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:1.25em;\"><span class=\"fn org country-name\">Kingdom of Sweden</span><br />\n<div style=\"padding-top:0.25em;\">Konungariket Sverige<sup id=\"cite_ref-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-1\">[a]</a></sup></div>\n</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align:center;text-align:center;padding:0.5em 0;\">\n<div style=\"display:table; width:100%;\">\n<div style=\"display:table-cell; width:58%; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;\">\n<div style=\"padding-bottom:3px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Flag_of_Sweden.svg\" class=\"image\" title=\"Flag of Sweden\"><img alt=\"Flag of Sweden\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/125px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png\" width=\"125\" height=\"78\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/188px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/250px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1600\" data-file-height=\"1000\" /></a></div>\n<div style=\"font-size:90%;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Flag_of_Sweden\" title=\"Flag of Sweden\">Flag</a></div>\n</div>\n<div style=\"display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;\">\n<div style=\"padding-bottom:3px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Great_coat_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg\" class=\"image\" title=\"Greater coat of arms of Sweden\"><img alt=\"Greater coat of arms of Sweden\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Great_coat_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg/85px-Great_coat_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg.png\" width=\"85\" height=\"93\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Great_coat_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg/128px-Great_coat_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Great_coat_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg/170px-Great_coat_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"985\" /></a></div>\n<div style=\"font-size:90%;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Sweden\" title=\"Coat of arms of Sweden\">Greater coat of arms</a></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align:center\">\n<div style=\"line-height:1.2em;\"><b>Motto: </b><small><a href=\"/wiki/Royal_mottos_of_Swedish_monarchs\" title=\"Royal mottos of Swedish monarchs\">(royal)</a></small> \"<span lang=\"sv\">För Sverige – i tiden</span>\"<sup class=\"reference\" id=\"ref_aaa\"><a href=\"#endnote_aaa\">[a]</a></sup><br />\n<small>\"For Sweden – With the Times\"<sup id=\"cite_ref-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-2\">[1]</a></sup></small></div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" class=\"anthem\" style=\"text-align:center\">\n<div style=\"line-height:1.2em;\"><b>Anthem: </b><i><span lang=\"sv\"><a href=\"/wiki/Du_gamla,_Du_fria\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Du gamla, Du fria\">Du gamla, Du fria</a></span></i><sup class=\"reference\" id=\"ref_bbb\"><a href=\"#endnote_bbb\">[b]</a></sup><br />\n<small><i>Thou ancient, thou free</i></small><br />\n<center>\n<div class=\"mediaContainer\" style=\"width:220px\"><audio id=\"mwe_player_0\" controls=\"\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width:220px\" class=\"kskin\" data-durationhint=\"87.562448979592\" data-startoffset=\"0\" data-mwtitle=\"United_States_Navy_Band_-_Sweden.ogg\" data-mwprovider=\"wikimediacommons\">\n<source src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/United_States_Navy_Band_-_Sweden.ogg\" type=\"audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"\" data-title=\"Original Ogg file (140 kbps)\" data-shorttitle=\"Ogg source\" data-width=\"0\" data-height=\"0\" data-bandwidth=\"139864\" />\n<source src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/United_States_Navy_Band_-_Sweden.ogg/United_States_Navy_Band_-_Sweden.ogg.mp3\" type=\"audio/mpeg\" data-title=\"MP3\" data-shorttitle=\"MP3\" data-transcodekey=\"mp3\" data-width=\"0\" data-height=\"0\" data-bandwidth=\"198168\" />\n<track src=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=TimedText:United_States_Navy_Band_-_Sweden.ogg.de.srt&action=raw&ctype=text%2Fx-srt\" kind=\"subtitles\" type=\"text/x-srt\" srclang=\"de\" label=\"Deutsch (de) subtitles\" data-mwtitle=\"TimedText:United_States_Navy_Band_-_Sweden.ogg.de.srt\" data-mwprovider=\"wikimediacommons\" data-dir=\"ltr\" />\n<track src=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=TimedText:United_States_Navy_Band_-_Sweden.ogg.en.srt&action=raw&ctype=text%2Fx-srt\" kind=\"subtitles\" type=\"text/x-srt\" srclang=\"en\" label=\"English (en) subtitles\" data-mwtitle=\"TimedText:United_States_Navy_Band_-_Sweden.ogg.en.srt\" data-mwprovider=\"wikimediacommons\" data-dir=\"ltr\" />\n<track src=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=TimedText:United_States_Navy_Band_-_Sweden.ogg.pt.srt&action=raw&ctype=text%2Fx-srt\" kind=\"subtitles\" type=\"text/x-srt\" srclang=\"pt\" label=\"português (pt) subtitles\" data-mwtitle=\"TimedText:United_States_Navy_Band_-_Sweden.ogg.pt.srt\" data-mwprovider=\"wikimediacommons\" data-dir=\"ltr\" />\n<track src=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=TimedText:United_States_Navy_Band_-_Sweden.ogg.sv.srt&action=raw&ctype=text%2Fx-srt\" kind=\"subtitles\" type=\"text/x-srt\" srclang=\"sv\" label=\"svenska (sv) subtitles\" data-mwtitle=\"TimedText:United_States_Navy_Band_-_Sweden.ogg.sv.srt\" data-mwprovider=\"wikimediacommons\" data-dir=\"ltr\" /></audio></div>\n</center>\n</div>\n<div style=\"line-height:1.2em;\"><b><a href=\"/wiki/Royal_anthem\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Royal anthem\">Royal anthem</a>: </b><i><span lang=\"sv\"><a href=\"/wiki/Kungss%C3%A5ngen\" title=\"Kungssången\">Kungssången</a></span></i><br />\n<small><i>Song of the King</i></small></div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align:center\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:EU-Sweden.svg\" class=\"image\" title=\"Location of  Sweden  (dark green)– in Europe  (green & dark grey)– in the European Union  (green)  –  [Legend]\"><img alt=\"Location of  Sweden  (dark green)– in Europe  (green & dark grey)– in the European Union  (green)  –  [Legend]\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/EU-Sweden.svg/250px-EU-Sweden.svg.png\" width=\"250\" height=\"210\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/EU-Sweden.svg/375px-EU-Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/EU-Sweden.svg/500px-EU-Sweden.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"2045\" data-file-height=\"1720\" /></a>\n<div style=\"font-size:90%;position:relative;top:0.3em;\">\n<div style=\"text-align:center;font-size:11px;line-height:1.15em;\"><span style=\"font-size:11px;\">Location of <span style=\"font-size:2px;\"> </span>Sweden<span style=\"font-size:8px;\"><span class=\"nowrap\">  </span></span>(dark green)</span>\n<p style=\"font-size:11px;text-align:left;margin-left:1.2ex;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;line-height:1.15em;\">– in <a href=\"/wiki/Europe\" title=\"Europe\">Europe</a><span style=\"font-size:8px;\"><span class=\"nowrap\">  </span></span>(green & dark grey)<br />\n– in the <a href=\"/wiki/European_Union\" title=\"European Union\">European Union</a><span style=\"font-size:8px;\"><span class=\"nowrap\">  </span></span>(green)  –  [<span style=\"font-size:10px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:EU-Sweden.svg\" title=\"File:EU-Sweden.svg\">Legend</a></span>]</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Capital<br />\n<span style=\"font-weight:normal\">and largest city</span></th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Stockholm\" title=\"Stockholm\">Stockholm</a><br />\n<span style=\"white-space:nowrap;font-size:90%;\"><span class=\"plainlinks nourlexpansion\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Sweden&params=59_21_N_18_4_E_type:city\"><span class=\"geo-default\"><span class=\"geo-dms\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\"><span class=\"latitude\">59°21′N</span> <span class=\"longitude\">18°4′E</span></span></span><span class=\"geo-multi-punct\"> / </span><span class=\"geo-nondefault\"><span class=\"geo-dec\" title=\"Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location\">59.350°N 18.067°E</span><span style=\"display:none\"> / <span class=\"geo\">59.350; 18.067</span></span></span></a></span></span></td>\n</tr>\n<tr class=\"mergedtoprow\">\n<th scope=\"row\">Official languages</th>\n<td>\n<p><a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_language\" title=\"Swedish language\">Swedish</a><sup class=\"reference\" id=\"ref_ccc\"><a href=\"#endnote_ccc\">[c]</a></sup><br />\nOfficial minority languages:<sup class=\"reference\" id=\"ref_ccc\"><a href=\"#endnote_ccc\">[c]</a></sup><br />\n<a href=\"/wiki/Finnish_language\" title=\"Finnish language\">Finnish</a><br />\n<a href=\"/wiki/Me%C3%A4nkieli\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Meänkieli\">Meänkieli</a><br />\n<a href=\"/wiki/Sami_languages\" title=\"Sami languages\">Sami</a><br />\n<a href=\"/wiki/Romani_language\" title=\"Romani language\">Romani</a><br /></p>\n<a href=\"/wiki/Yiddish\" title=\"Yiddish\">Yiddish</a></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"/wiki/Ethnic_groups\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Ethnic groups\">Ethnic groups</a></th>\n<td>No official statistics<sup class=\"reference\" id=\"ref_ddd\"><a href=\"#endnote_ddd\">[d]</a></sup></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"/wiki/Demonym\" title=\"Demonym\">Demonym</a></th>\n<td>\n<div class=\"hlist hlist-separated\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_people\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Swedish people\">Swedish</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Swedes\" title=\"Swedes\">Swede</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"/wiki/Politics_of_Sweden\" title=\"Politics of Sweden\">Government</a></th>\n<td><span class=\"nowrap\"><a href=\"/wiki/Unitary_state\" title=\"Unitary state\">Unitary</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Parliamentary_democracy\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Parliamentary democracy\">parliamentary</a><br />\n<a href=\"/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy\" title=\"Constitutional monarchy\">constitutional monarchy</a></span></td>\n</tr>\n<tr class=\"mergedrow\">\n<th scope=\"row\">\n<div style=\"text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;\">• <a href=\"/wiki/Monarchy_of_Sweden\" title=\"Monarchy of Sweden\">Monarch</a></div>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Carl_XVI_Gustaf_of_Sweden\" title=\"Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden\">Carl XVI Gustaf</a></td>\n</tr>\n<tr class=\"mergedrow\">\n<th scope=\"row\">\n<div style=\"text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;\">• <a href=\"/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Riksdag\" title=\"Speaker of the Riksdag\">Speaker</a></div>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Urban_Ahlin\" title=\"Urban Ahlin\">Urban Ahlin</a></td>\n</tr>\n<tr class=\"mergedbottomrow\">\n<th scope=\"row\">\n<div style=\"text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;\">• <a href=\"/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Sweden\" title=\"Prime Minister of Sweden\">Prime Minister</a></div>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Stefan_L%C3%B6fven\" title=\"Stefan Löfven\">Stefan Löfven</a></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Legislature</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Riksdag\" title=\"Riksdag\">Riksdag</a></td>\n</tr>\n<tr class=\"mergedtoprow\">\n<th colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align:center;text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/History_of_Sweden\" title=\"History of Sweden\">History</a></th>\n</tr>\n<tr class=\"mergedrow\">\n<th scope=\"row\">\n<div style=\"text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;\">• A unified Swedish kingdom established</div>\n</th>\n<td>By the early 12th century</td>\n</tr>\n<tr class=\"mergedrow\">\n<th scope=\"row\">\n<div style=\"text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;\">• Part of <a href=\"/wiki/Kalmar_Union\" title=\"Kalmar Union\">Kalmar Union</a></div>\n</th>\n<td>1397–1523</td>\n</tr>\n<tr class=\"mergedrow\">\n<th scope=\"row\">\n<div style=\"text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;\">• Part of <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish-Norwegian_Union\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Swedish-Norwegian Union\">Swedish-Norwegian Union</a></div>\n</th>\n<td>4 November 1814 – August 1905<sup id=\"cite_ref-NEsvno_3-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-NEsvno-3\">[2]</a></sup></td>\n</tr>\n<tr class=\"mergedbottomrow\">\n<th scope=\"row\">\n<div style=\"text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;\">• <a href=\"/wiki/1995_enlargement_of_the_European_Union\" title=\"1995 enlargement of the European Union\">Joined</a> the <a href=\"/wiki/European_Union\" title=\"European Union\">European Union</a></div>\n</th>\n<td>1 January 1995</td>\n</tr>\n<tr class=\"mergedtoprow\">\n<th colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align:center;text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Geography_of_Sweden\" title=\"Geography of Sweden\">Area</a></th>\n</tr>\n<tr class=\"mergedrow\">\n<th scope=\"row\">\n<div style=\"text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;\">• Total</div>\n</th>\n<td>450,295 km<sup>2</sup> (173,860 sq mi) (<a href=\"/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_area\" title=\"List of countries and dependencies by area\">55th</a>)</td>\n</tr>\n<tr class=\"mergedbottomrow\">\n<th scope=\"row\">\n<div style=\"text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;\">• Water (%)</div>\n</th>\n<td>8.7</td>\n</tr>\n<tr class=\"mergedtoprow\">\n<th colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align:center;text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Demographics_of_Sweden\" title=\"Demographics of Sweden\">Population</a></th>\n</tr>\n<tr class=\"mergedrow\">\n<th scope=\"row\">\n<div style=\"text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;\">• 30 November 2017 census</div>\n</th>\n<td>10,112,669 <img alt=\"Increase\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png\" title=\"Increase\" width=\"11\" height=\"11\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"300\" data-file-height=\"300\" /><sup id=\"cite_ref-population_4-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-population-4\">[3]</a></sup> (<a href=\"/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population\" title=\"List of countries and dependencies by population\">89th</a>)</td>\n</tr>\n<tr class=\"mergedbottomrow\">\n<th scope=\"row\">\n<div style=\"text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;\">• Density</div>\n</th>\n<td>22.0/km<sup>2</sup> (57.0/sq mi) (<a href=\"/wiki/List_of_countries_and_territories_by_population_density\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"List of countries and territories by population density\">196th</a>)</td>\n</tr>\n<tr class=\"mergedtoprow\">\n<th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"/wiki/Gross_domestic_product\" title=\"Gross domestic product\">GDP</a> <span style=\"font-weight:normal;\">(<a href=\"/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity\" title=\"Purchasing power parity\">PPP</a>)</span></th>\n<td>2017 estimate</td>\n</tr>\n<tr class=\"mergedrow\">\n<th scope=\"row\">\n<div style=\"text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;\">• Total</div>\n</th>\n<td><span class=\"nowrap\">$522 billion<sup id=\"cite_ref-imf2_5-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-imf2-5\">[4]</a></sup></span> (<a href=\"/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)\" title=\"List of countries by GDP (PPP)\">34th</a>)</td>\n</tr>\n<tr class=\"mergedbottomrow\">\n<th scope=\"row\">\n<div style=\"text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;\">• Per capita</div>\n</th>\n<td>$51,264<sup id=\"cite_ref-imf2_5-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-imf2-5\">[4]</a></sup> (<a href=\"/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita\" title=\"List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita\">17th</a>)</td>\n</tr>\n<tr class=\"mergedtoprow\">\n<th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"/wiki/Gross_domestic_product\" title=\"Gross domestic product\">GDP</a> <span style=\"font-weight:normal;\">(nominal)</span></th>\n<td>2017 estimate</td>\n</tr>\n<tr class=\"mergedrow\">\n<th scope=\"row\">\n<div style=\"text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;\">• Total</div>\n</th>\n<td><span class=\"nowrap\">$542 billion<sup id=\"cite_ref-imf2_5-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-imf2-5\">[4]</a></sup></span> (<a href=\"/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)\" title=\"List of countries by GDP (nominal)\">21st</a>)</td>\n</tr>\n<tr class=\"mergedbottomrow\">\n<th scope=\"row\">\n<div style=\"text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;\">• Per capita</div>\n</th>\n<td>$53,248<sup id=\"cite_ref-imf2_5-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-imf2-5\">[4]</a></sup> (<a href=\"/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita\" title=\"List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita\">11th</a>)</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"/wiki/Gini_coefficient\" title=\"Gini coefficient\">Gini</a> <span style=\"font-weight:normal;\">(2015)</span></th>\n<td><img alt=\"Negative increase\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png\" title=\"Negative increase\" width=\"11\" height=\"11\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"300\" data-file-height=\"300\" /> 25.4<sup id=\"cite_ref-eurogini_6-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-eurogini-6\">[5]</a></sup><br />\n<span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><span style=\"color:forestgreen\">low</span></span></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"/wiki/Human_Development_Index\" title=\"Human Development Index\">HDI</a> <span style=\"font-weight:normal;\">(2015)</span></th>\n<td><img alt=\"Increase\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png\" title=\"Increase\" width=\"11\" height=\"11\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"300\" data-file-height=\"300\" /> 0.913<sup id=\"cite_ref-HDI_7-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-HDI-7\">[6]</a></sup><br />\n<span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><span style=\"color:darkgreen\">very high</span></span> · <a href=\"/wiki/List_of_countries_by_Human_Development_Index\" title=\"List of countries by Human Development Index\">14th</a></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Currency</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_krona\" title=\"Swedish krona\">Swedish krona</a> (<a href=\"/wiki/ISO_4217\" title=\"ISO 4217\">SEK</a>)</td>\n</tr>\n<tr class=\"mergedtoprow\">\n<th scope=\"row\">Time zone</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Central_European_Time\" title=\"Central European Time\">CET</a> <span class=\"nowrap\">(<a href=\"/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time\" title=\"Coordinated Universal Time\">UTC</a>+1)</span></td>\n</tr>\n<tr class=\"mergedbottomrow\">\n<th scope=\"row\">\n<div style=\"text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;\">• Summer (<a href=\"/wiki/Daylight_saving_time\" title=\"Daylight saving time\">DST</a>)</div>\n</th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time\" title=\"Central European Summer Time\">CEST</a> (<a href=\"/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time\" title=\"Coordinated Universal Time\">UTC</a>+2)</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Date format</th>\n<td>yyyy-mm-dd</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"/wiki/Right-_and_left-hand_traffic\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Right- and left-hand traffic\">Drives on the</a></th>\n<td>right<sup class=\"reference\" id=\"ref_eee\"><a href=\"#endnote_eee\">[e]</a></sup></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Sweden\" title=\"Telephone numbers in Sweden\">Calling code</a></th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Sweden\" title=\"Telephone numbers in Sweden\">+46</a></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"/wiki/ISO_3166\" title=\"ISO 3166\">ISO 3166 code</a></th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/ISO_3166-2:SE\" title=\"ISO 3166-2:SE\">SE</a></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\"><a href=\"/wiki/Country_code_top-level_domain\" title=\"Country code top-level domain\">Internet TLD</a></th>\n<td><a href=\"/wiki/.se\" title=\".se\">.se</a><sup class=\"reference\" id=\"ref_fff\"><a href=\"#endnote_fff\">[f]</a></sup></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align:center\">\n<div style=\"text-align:left;margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;\">\n<ol style=\"list-style-type: lower-alpha; margin-left: 1em; font-size:90%;\">\n<li value=\"1\"><span class=\"citation wikicite\" id=\"endnote_aaa\"><b><a href=\"#ref_aaa\">^</a></b></span> \"<span lang=\"sv\">För Sverige – I tiden</span>\" has been adopted by <a href=\"/wiki/Carl_XVI_Gustaf_of_Sweden\" title=\"Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden\">Carl XVI Gustaf</a> as his personal motto.</li>\n<li value=\"2\"><span class=\"citation wikicite\" id=\"endnote_bbb\"><b><a href=\"#ref_bbb\">^</a></b></span> <i><span lang=\"sv\"><a href=\"/wiki/Du_gamla,_Du_fria\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Du gamla, Du fria\">Du gamla, Du fria</a></span></i> has never been officially adopted as national anthem, but is so by convention.</li>\n<li value=\"3\"><span class=\"citation wikicite\" id=\"endnote_ccc\"><b><a href=\"#ref_ccc\">^</a></b></span> Since 1 July 2009.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Swedish_8-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Swedish-8\">[7]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-Swedish2_9-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Swedish2-9\">[8]</a></sup> Five other languages are <a href=\"/wiki/Minority_languages_of_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Minority languages of Sweden\">officially recognised as minority languages</a>:<sup id=\"cite_ref-10\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-10\">[9]</a></sup> <a href=\"/wiki/Finnish_language\" title=\"Finnish language\">Finnish</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Me%C3%A4nkieli\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Meänkieli\">Meänkieli</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Romani_language\" title=\"Romani language\">Romani</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Sami_languages\" title=\"Sami languages\">Sami</a>, and <a href=\"/wiki/Yiddish_language\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Yiddish language\">Yiddish</a>. The <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Sign_Language\" title=\"Swedish Sign Language\">Swedish Sign Language</a> also has a special status.</li>\n<li value=\"4\"><span class=\"citation wikicite\" id=\"endnote_ddd\"><b><a href=\"#ref_ddd\">^</a></b></span> On 31 December 2012<sup class=\"plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update\" style=\"display:none;\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sweden&action=edit\">[update]</a></sup>, approximately 27% of the population had a full or partial foreign background.<sup id=\"cite_ref-SCB1_11-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-SCB1-11\">[10]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-NoteEthn_12-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-NoteEthn-12\">[11]</a></sup></li>\n<li value=\"5\"><span class=\"citation wikicite\" id=\"endnote_eee\"><b><a href=\"#ref_eee\">^</a></b></span> Since <a href=\"/wiki/Dagen_H\" title=\"Dagen H\">3 September 1967</a>.</li>\n<li value=\"6\"><span class=\"citation wikicite\" id=\"endnote_fff\"><b><a href=\"#ref_fff\">^</a></b></span> The <a href=\"/wiki/.eu\" title=\".eu\">.eu</a> domain is also used, as it is shared with other <a href=\"/wiki/European_Union\" title=\"European Union\">European Union</a> member states.</li>\n</ol>\n</div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</table>\n<p><b>Sweden</b> (<span class=\"nowrap\"><span class=\"IPA nopopups noexcerpt\"><a href=\"/wiki/Help:IPA/English\" title=\"Help:IPA/English\">/<span style=\"border-bottom:1px dotted\"><span title=\"/ˈ/: primary stress follows\">ˈ</span><span title=\"'s' in 'sigh'\">s</span><span title=\"'w' in 'wind'\">w</span><span title=\"/iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece'\">iː</span><span title=\"'d' in 'dye'\">d</span><span title=\"/ən/: 'on' in 'button'\">ən</span></span>/</a></span><small class=\"nowrap\"> (<span class=\"unicode haudio\"><span class=\"fn\"><span style=\"white-space:nowrap\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:En-us-Sweden.ogg\" title=\"About this sound\"><img alt=\"About this sound\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png\" width=\"11\" height=\"11\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/17px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/22px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"20\" data-file-height=\"20\" /></a> </span><a href=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/En-us-Sweden.ogg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"En-us-Sweden.ogg\">listen</a></span></span>)</small></span> <a href=\"/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key\" title=\"Help:Pronunciation respelling key\"><i title=\"English pronunciation respelling\"><span style=\"font-size:90%\">SWEE</span>-dən</i></a>; <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_language\" title=\"Swedish language\">Swedish</a>: <i><span lang=\"sv\">Sverige</span></i> <span title=\"Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)\" class=\"IPA\"><a href=\"/wiki/Help:IPA/Swedish\" title=\"Help:IPA/Swedish\">[ˈsværjɛ]</a></span> <span class=\"unicode haudio\"><span class=\"fn\"><span style=\"white-space:nowrap\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Sv-Sverige.ogg\" title=\"About this sound\"><img alt=\"About this sound\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png\" width=\"11\" height=\"11\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/17px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/22px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"20\" data-file-height=\"20\" /></a> </span><a href=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/Sv-Sverige.ogg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Sv-Sverige.ogg\">listen</a></span> <small class=\"metadata audiolinkinfo\" style=\"cursor:help;\">(<a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_help\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Wikipedia:Media help\"><span style=\"cursor:help;\">help</span></a>·<a href=\"/wiki/File:Sv-Sverige.ogg\" title=\"File:Sv-Sverige.ogg\"><span style=\"cursor:help;\">info</span></a>)</small></span>), officially the <b>Kingdom of Sweden</b> (<a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_language\" title=\"Swedish language\">Swedish</a>: <span class=\"unicode haudio\"><span class=\"fn\"><span style=\"white-space:nowrap\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Sv-Konungariket_Sverige.ogg\" title=\"About this sound\"><img alt=\"About this sound\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png\" width=\"11\" height=\"11\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/17px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/22px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"20\" data-file-height=\"20\" /></a> </span><a href=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Sv-Konungariket_Sverige.ogg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Sv-Konungariket Sverige.ogg\"><i>Konungariket Sverige</i></a></span> <small class=\"metadata audiolinkinfo\" style=\"cursor:help;\">(<a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_help\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Wikipedia:Media help\"><span style=\"cursor:help;\">help</span></a>·<a href=\"/wiki/File:Sv-Konungariket_Sverige.ogg\" title=\"File:Sv-Konungariket Sverige.ogg\"><span style=\"cursor:help;\">info</span></a>)</small></span>), is a <a href=\"/wiki/Scandinavia\" title=\"Scandinavia\">Scandinavian</a> country in <a href=\"/wiki/Northern_Europe\" title=\"Northern Europe\">Northern Europe</a>. It borders <a href=\"/wiki/Norway\" title=\"Norway\">Norway</a> to the west and north and <a href=\"/wiki/Finland\" title=\"Finland\">Finland</a> to the east, and is connected to <a href=\"/wiki/Denmark\" title=\"Denmark\">Denmark</a> in the southwest by a <a href=\"/wiki/%C3%98resund_Bridge\" title=\"Øresund Bridge\">bridge-tunnel</a> across the <a href=\"/wiki/%C3%98resund\" title=\"Øresund\">Öresund</a>. At 450,295 square kilometres (173,860 sq mi), Sweden is the third-largest country in the <a href=\"/wiki/European_Union\" title=\"European Union\">European Union</a> by area. Sweden has a total population of 10 million<sup id=\"cite_ref-population_4-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-population-4\">[3]</a></sup> of which 2.3 million has a foreign background.<sup id=\"cite_ref-13\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-13\">[12]</a></sup> It has a low population density of 22 inhabitants per square kilometre (57/sq mi); the highest concentration is in the southern half of the country. Approximately 85% of the population lives in urban areas.<sup id=\"cite_ref-publikationer2007_14-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-publikationer2007-14\">[13]</a></sup></p>\n<p><a href=\"/wiki/Germanic_peoples\" title=\"Germanic peoples\">Germanic peoples</a> have inhabited Sweden since prehistoric times, emerging into history as the <a href=\"/wiki/Geats\" title=\"Geats\">Geats</a> (Swedish Götar) and <a href=\"/wiki/Swedes_(Germanic_tribe)\" title=\"Swedes (Germanic tribe)\">Swedes</a> (Svear) and constituting the sea peoples known as the <a href=\"/wiki/Norsemen\" title=\"Norsemen\">Norsemen</a>. Southern Sweden is predominantly <a href=\"/wiki/Agriculture\" title=\"Agriculture\">agricultural</a>, while <a href=\"/wiki/Norrland_terrain\" title=\"Norrland terrain\">the north</a> is heavily forested. Sweden is part of the geographical area of <a href=\"/wiki/Fennoscandia\" title=\"Fennoscandia\">Fennoscandia</a>. The <a href=\"/wiki/Sweden#Climate\" title=\"Sweden\">climate</a> is in general very mild for its northerly latitude due to significant maritime influence, that in spite of this still retains warm continental summers. Today, Sweden is a <a href=\"/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy\" title=\"Constitutional monarchy\">constitutional monarchy</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Parliamentary_system\" title=\"Parliamentary system\">parliamentary</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Democracy\" title=\"Democracy\">democracy</a>, with a <a href=\"/wiki/Monarchy_of_Sweden\" title=\"Monarchy of Sweden\">monarch</a> as <a href=\"/wiki/Head_of_state\" title=\"Head of state\">head of state</a>, like its neighbour <a href=\"/wiki/Norway\" title=\"Norway\">Norway</a>. The <a href=\"/wiki/Capital_city\" title=\"Capital city\">capital city</a> is <a href=\"/wiki/Stockholm\" title=\"Stockholm\">Stockholm</a>, which is also the most populous city in the country. <a href=\"/wiki/Legislature\" title=\"Legislature\">Legislative power</a> is vested in the 349-member <a href=\"/wiki/Unicameral\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Unicameral\">unicameral</a> <i><a href=\"/wiki/Riksdag\" title=\"Riksdag\">Riksdag</a></i>. <a href=\"/wiki/Executive_(government)\" title=\"Executive (government)\">Executive power</a> is exercised by the <a href=\"/wiki/Government_of_Sweden\" title=\"Government of Sweden\">government</a> chaired by the <a href=\"/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Sweden\" title=\"Prime Minister of Sweden\">prime minister</a>. Sweden is a <a href=\"/wiki/Unitary_state\" title=\"Unitary state\">unitary state</a>, currently divided into <a href=\"/wiki/Counties_of_Sweden\" title=\"Counties of Sweden\">21 counties</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Municipalities_of_Sweden\" title=\"Municipalities of Sweden\">290 municipalities</a>.</p>\n<p>An independent Swedish state emerged during the early 12th century. After the <a href=\"/wiki/Black_Death\" title=\"Black Death\">Black Death</a> in the middle of the 14th century killed about a third of the Scandinavian population,<sup id=\"cite_ref-15\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-15\">[14]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-16\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-16\">[15]</a></sup> the <a href=\"/wiki/Hanseatic_League\" title=\"Hanseatic League\">Hanseatic League</a> threatened Scandinavia's culture, finances and languages. This led to the forming of the Scandinavian <a href=\"/wiki/Kalmar_Union\" title=\"Kalmar Union\">Kalmar Union</a> in 1397,<sup id=\"cite_ref-17\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-17\">[16]</a></sup> which Sweden left in 1523. With the Swedish involvement in the <a href=\"/wiki/Thirty_Years_War\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Thirty Years War\">Thirty Years War</a>, on the Reformist side, began an expansion of its territories and eventually the <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Empire\" title=\"Swedish Empire\">Swedish Empire</a> was formed. This became one of the <a href=\"/wiki/Great_power\" title=\"Great power\">great powers</a> of Europe until the early 18th century. Swedish territories outside the <a href=\"/wiki/Scandinavian_Peninsula\" title=\"Scandinavian Peninsula\">Scandinavian Peninsula</a> were gradually lost during the 18th and 19th centuries, ending with the annexation of present-day Finland by <a href=\"/wiki/Russian_Empire\" title=\"Russian Empire\">Russia</a> in 1809. The last war in which Sweden was directly involved was in 1814, when Norway was militarily forced into <a href=\"/wiki/Union_between_Sweden_and_Norway\" title=\"Union between Sweden and Norway\">personal union</a>. Since then, Sweden has been at peace, maintaining an official policy of <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_neutrality\" title=\"Swedish neutrality\">neutrality</a> in foreign affairs.<sup id=\"cite_ref-18\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-18\">[17]</a></sup> The union with Norway was <a href=\"/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_union_between_Norway_and_Sweden\" title=\"Dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden\">peacefully dissolved</a> in 1905. Though Sweden was formally neutral through both world wars, Sweden engaged in <a href=\"/wiki/Humanitarianism\" title=\"Humanitarianism\">humanitarian</a> efforts, such as taking in refugees from <a href=\"/wiki/German-occupied_Europe\" title=\"German-occupied Europe\">German-occupied Europe</a>.</p>\n<p>After the end of the <a href=\"/wiki/Cold_War\" title=\"Cold War\">Cold War</a>, Sweden joined the European Union on 1 January 1995, but declined <a href=\"/wiki/NATO\" title=\"NATO\">NATO</a> membership, as well as <a href=\"/wiki/Eurozone\" title=\"Eurozone\">Eurozone</a> membership following a <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_euro_referendum,_2003\" title=\"Swedish euro referendum, 2003\">referendum</a>. It is also a member of the <a href=\"/wiki/United_Nations\" title=\"United Nations\">United Nations</a>, the <a href=\"/wiki/Nordic_Council\" title=\"Nordic Council\">Nordic Council</a>, the <a href=\"/wiki/Council_of_Europe\" title=\"Council of Europe\">Council of Europe</a>, the <a href=\"/wiki/World_Trade_Organization\" title=\"World Trade Organization\">World Trade Organization</a> and the <a href=\"/wiki/Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development\">Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development</a> (OECD). Sweden maintains a <a href=\"/wiki/Nordic_model\" title=\"Nordic model\">Nordic social welfare system</a> that provides <a href=\"/wiki/Universal_health_care\" title=\"Universal health care\">universal health care</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Tertiary_education\" title=\"Tertiary education\">tertiary education</a> for its citizens. It has the <a href=\"/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita\" title=\"List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita\">world's eleventh-highest per capita income</a> and ranks highly in numerous metrics of national performance, including <a href=\"/wiki/Quality_of_life\" title=\"Quality of life\">quality of life</a>, health, <a href=\"/wiki/Education_Index\" title=\"Education Index\">education</a>, protection of <a href=\"/wiki/Freedom_in_the_World\" title=\"Freedom in the World\">civil liberties</a>, economic competitiveness, <a href=\"/wiki/Gini_coefficient\" title=\"Gini coefficient\">equality</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Legatum_Prosperity_Index\" title=\"Legatum Prosperity Index\">prosperity</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Human_Development_Index\" title=\"Human Development Index\">human development</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-19\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-19\">[18]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-OECD_Better_Life_Index_20-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-OECD_Better_Life_Index-20\">[19]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-wefcomp_21-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-wefcomp-21\">[20]</a></sup></p>\n<p></p>\n<div id=\"toc\" class=\"toc\">\n<div class=\"toctitle\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<h2>Contents</h2>\n</div>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-1\"><a href=\"#Etymology\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">1</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Etymology</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-2\"><a href=\"#History\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2</span> <span class=\"toctext\">History</span></a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-3\"><a href=\"#Prehistory\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.1</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Prehistory</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-4\"><a href=\"#The_Vikings\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.2</span> <span class=\"toctext\">The Vikings</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-5\"><a href=\"#The_Kingdom_of_Sweden\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.3</span> <span class=\"toctext\">The Kingdom of Sweden</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-6\"><a href=\"#Swedish_Empire\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.4</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Swedish Empire</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-7\"><a href=\"#Modern_history\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.5</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Modern history</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-8\"><a href=\"#World_War_I_and_World_War_II\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.6</span> <span class=\"toctext\">World War I and World War II</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-9\"><a href=\"#Post-war_era\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.7</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Post-war era</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-10\"><a href=\"#Recent_history\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.8</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Recent history</span></a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-11\"><a href=\"#Geography\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Geography</span></a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-12\"><a href=\"#Climate\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.1</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Climate</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-13\"><a href=\"#Vegetation\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.2</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Vegetation</span></a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-14\"><a href=\"#Southern_deciduous_forest_zone\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.2.1</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Southern deciduous forest zone</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-15\"><a href=\"#Southern_coniferous_forest_zone\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.2.2</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Southern coniferous forest zone</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-16\"><a href=\"#Northern_coniferous_forest_zone,_or_the_Taiga\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.2.3</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Northern coniferous forest zone, or the Taiga</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-17\"><a href=\"#Alpine-birch_and_bare_mountain_zones\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.2.4</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Alpine-birch and bare mountain zones</span></a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-18\"><a href=\"#Politics\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">4</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Politics</span></a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-19\"><a href=\"#Constitutional_framework\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">4.1</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Constitutional framework</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-20\"><a href=\"#Political_parties_and_elections\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">4.2</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Political parties and elections</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-21\"><a href=\"#Administrative_divisions\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">4.3</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Administrative divisions</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-22\"><a href=\"#Political_history\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">4.4</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Political history</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-23\"><a href=\"#Judicial_system\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">4.5</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Judicial system</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-24\"><a href=\"#Foreign_relations\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">4.6</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Foreign relations</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-25\"><a href=\"#Military\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">4.7</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Military</span></a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-26\"><a href=\"#Economy\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">5</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Economy</span></a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-27\"><a href=\"#Energy\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">5.1</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Energy</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-28\"><a href=\"#Transport\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">5.2</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Transport</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-29\"><a href=\"#Public_policy\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">5.3</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Public policy</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-30\"><a href=\"#Science_and_technology\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">5.4</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Science and technology</span></a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-31\"><a href=\"#Demographics\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">6</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Demographics</span></a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-32\"><a href=\"#Language\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">6.1</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Language</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-33\"><a href=\"#Religion\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">6.2</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Religion</span></a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-34\"><a href=\"#Health\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">7</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Health</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-35\"><a href=\"#Education\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">8</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Education</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-36\"><a href=\"#Taxes\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">9</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Taxes</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-37\"><a href=\"#Pensions\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">10</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Pensions</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-38\"><a href=\"#Immigration\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">11</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Immigration</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-39\"><a href=\"#Crime\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">12</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Crime</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-40\"><a href=\"#Culture\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">13</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Culture</span></a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-41\"><a href=\"#Music\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">13.1</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Music</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-42\"><a href=\"#Architecture\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">13.2</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Architecture</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-43\"><a href=\"#Media\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">13.3</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Media</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-44\"><a href=\"#Literature\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">13.4</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Literature</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-45\"><a href=\"#Holidays\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">13.5</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Holidays</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-46\"><a href=\"#Cuisine\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">13.6</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Cuisine</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-47\"><a href=\"#Cinema\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">13.7</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Cinema</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-48\"><a href=\"#Fashion\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">13.8</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Fashion</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-49\"><a href=\"#Sports\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">13.9</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Sports</span></a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-50\"><a href=\"#See_also\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">14</span> <span class=\"toctext\">See also</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-51\"><a href=\"#Notes\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">15</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Notes</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-52\"><a href=\"#References\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">16</span> <span class=\"toctext\">References</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-53\"><a href=\"#Further_reading\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">17</span> <span class=\"toctext\">Further reading</span></a></li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-54\"><a href=\"#External_links\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">18</span> <span class=\"toctext\">External links</span></a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<p></p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Etymology\">Etymology</span></h2>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/Name_of_Sweden\" title=\"Name of Sweden\">Name of Sweden</a></div>\n<p>The name Sweden was loaned from Dutch in the 17th century to refer to Sweden as an emerging <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Empire\" title=\"Swedish Empire\">great power</a>. Before Sweden's imperial expansion, <a href=\"/wiki/Early_Modern_English\" title=\"Early Modern English\">Early Modern English</a> used <i>Swedeland</i>. Sweden is derived through <a href=\"/wiki/Back-formation\" title=\"Back-formation\">back-formation</a> from Old English <i>Swēoþēod</i>, which meant \"people of the Swedes\" (<a href=\"/wiki/Old_Norse\" title=\"Old Norse\">Old Norse</a> <i>Svíþjóð</i>, <a href=\"/wiki/Latin\" title=\"Latin\">Latin</a> <i>Suetidi</i>). This word is derived from <i>Sweon/Sweonas</i> (Old Norse <i>Sviar</i>, Latin <i>Suiones</i>). The Swedish name <i>Sverige</i> (a compound of the words <i>Svea</i> and <i>rike</i>, with <a href=\"/wiki/Lenition\" title=\"Lenition\">lenition</a> of the consonant [k], first recorded in the cognate <i>Swēorice</i> in <a href=\"/wiki/Beowulf\" title=\"Beowulf\">Beowulf</a>)<sup id=\"cite_ref-22\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-22\">[21]</a></sup> literally means \"realm of the <a href=\"/wiki/Swedes_(Germanic_tribe)\" title=\"Swedes (Germanic tribe)\">Swedes</a>\", excluding the <a href=\"/wiki/Geats\" title=\"Geats\">Geats</a> in <a href=\"/wiki/G%C3%B6taland\" title=\"Götaland\">Götaland</a>.</p>\n<p>Variations of the name <i>Sweden</i> are used in most languages, with the exception of <a href=\"/wiki/Danish_language\" title=\"Danish language\">Danish</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Norwegian_language\" title=\"Norwegian language\">Norwegian</a> using <i>Sverige</i>, <a href=\"/wiki/Faroese_language\" title=\"Faroese language\">Faroese</a> <i>Svøríki</i>, <a href=\"/wiki/Icelandic_language\" title=\"Icelandic language\">Icelandic</a> <i>Svíþjóð</i>, and the more notable exception of some <a href=\"/wiki/Finnic_languages\" title=\"Finnic languages\">Finnic languages</a> where <i>Ruotsi</i> (<a href=\"/wiki/Finnish_language\" title=\"Finnish language\">Finnish</a>) and <i>Rootsi</i> (<a href=\"/wiki/Estonian_language\" title=\"Estonian language\">Estonian</a>) are used, names commonly considered as referring to the people from the coastal areas of <a href=\"/wiki/Roslagen\" title=\"Roslagen\">Roslagen</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Uppland\" title=\"Uppland\">Uppland</a>, who were known as the <i><a href=\"/wiki/Rus%27_people\" title=\"Rus' people\">Rus'</a></i>, and through them etymologically related to the English name for <a href=\"/wiki/Russia\" title=\"Russia\">Russia</a>.</p>\n<p>The etymology of <i>Swedes</i>, and thus <i>Sweden</i>, is generally not agreed upon but may derive from <a href=\"/wiki/Proto-Germanic_language\" title=\"Proto-Germanic language\">Proto-Germanic</a> <i>Swihoniz</i> meaning \"one's own\",<sup id=\"cite_ref-23\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-23\">[22]</a></sup> referring to one's own Germanic tribe.</p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"History\">History</span></h2>\n<table class=\"plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove\" role=\"presentation\">\n<tr>\n<td class=\"mbox-image\">\n<div style=\"width:52px\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png\" width=\"50\" height=\"39\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"512\" data-file-height=\"399\" /></a></div>\n</td>\n<td class=\"mbox-text\">\n<div class=\"mbox-text-span\">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability\" title=\"Wikipedia:Verifiability\">verification</a></b>. <span class=\"hide-when-compact\">Please help <a class=\"external text\" href=\"//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sweden&action=edit\">improve this article</a> by <a href=\"/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing_with_Wiki_Markup/1\" title=\"Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1\">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <small><i>(May 2015)</i></small> <small class=\"hide-when-compact\"><i>(<a href=\"/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal\" title=\"Help:Maintenance template removal\">Learn how and when to remove this template message</a>)</i></small></div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</table>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/History_of_Sweden\" title=\"History of Sweden\">History of Sweden</a></div>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Prehistory\">Prehistory</span></h3>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/Prehistoric_Sweden\" title=\"Prehistoric Sweden\">Prehistoric Sweden</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:172px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Vendel_era_helmet_(942).jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Vendel_era_helmet_%28942%29.jpg/170px-Vendel_era_helmet_%28942%29.jpg\" width=\"170\" height=\"260\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Vendel_era_helmet_%28942%29.jpg/255px-Vendel_era_helmet_%28942%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Vendel_era_helmet_%28942%29.jpg/340px-Vendel_era_helmet_%28942%29.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"719\" data-file-height=\"1098\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Vendel_era_helmet_(942).jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nA <a href=\"/wiki/Vendel_era\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Vendel era\">Vendel-era</a> helmet, at the Swedish Museum of National Antiquities</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>Sweden's prehistory begins in the <a href=\"/wiki/Aller%C3%B8d_oscillation\" title=\"Allerød oscillation\">Allerød oscillation</a>,<sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template\" style=\"margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;\">[<i><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions\" title=\"Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch\"><span title=\"The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (May 2015)\">according to whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> a warm period around 12,000 BC, with Late <a href=\"/wiki/Palaeolithic\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Palaeolithic\">Palaeolithic</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Reindeer\" title=\"Reindeer\">reindeer</a>-hunting camps of the <a href=\"/wiki/Bromme_culture\" title=\"Bromme culture\">Bromme culture</a> at the edge of the ice in what is now the country's southernmost province, <a href=\"/wiki/Scania\" title=\"Scania\">Scania</a>. This period was characterised by small bands of <a href=\"/wiki/Hunter-gatherer\" title=\"Hunter-gatherer\">hunter-gatherer-fishers</a> using <a href=\"/wiki/Flint\" title=\"Flint\">flint</a> technology.</p>\n<p>Sweden is first described in a written source in <i><a href=\"/wiki/Germania_(book)\" title=\"Germania (book)\">Germania</a></i> by <a href=\"/wiki/Tacitus\" title=\"Tacitus\">Tacitus</a> in 98 AD. In <a href=\"https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Germania#XLIV\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"s:Germania\">Germania 44 and 45</a> he mentions the Swedes (<i>Suiones</i>) as a powerful tribe (<i>distinguished not merely for their arms and men, but for their powerful fleets</i>) with ships that had a <a href=\"/wiki/Prow\" title=\"Prow\">prow</a> at each end (<a href=\"/wiki/Longship\" title=\"Longship\">longships</a>). Which kings (<i>kuningaz</i>) ruled these Suiones is unknown, but <a href=\"/wiki/Norse_mythology\" title=\"Norse mythology\">Norse mythology</a> presents a long line of legendary and semi-legendary kings going back to the last centuries BC. As for literacy in Sweden itself, the <a href=\"/wiki/Runic_alphabet\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Runic alphabet\">runic script</a> was in use among the south Scandinavian elite by at least the 2nd century AD, but all that has come down to the present from the Roman Period is curt inscriptions on artefacts, mainly of male names, demonstrating that the people of south Scandinavia spoke <a href=\"/wiki/Proto-Norse\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Proto-Norse\">Proto-Norse</a> at the time, a language ancestral to Swedish and other <a href=\"/wiki/North_Germanic_languages\" title=\"North Germanic languages\">North Germanic languages</a>.<sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact\" style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">[<i><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources\" title=\"Wikipedia:No original research\"><span title=\"This claim needs references to reliable secondary sources. (May 2015)\">non-primary source needed</span></a></i>]</sup></p>\n<p>In the 6th century <a href=\"/wiki/Jordanes\" title=\"Jordanes\">Jordanes</a> names two tribes living in <a href=\"/wiki/Scandza\" title=\"Scandza\">Scandza</a>, both of which are now considered to be synonymous with the Swedes: the <i>Suetidi</i> and <i>Suehans</i>. <i>Suetidi</i> is considered to be the Latin form of <i>Svíþjóð</i>, the Old Norse name for the Swedes. Jordanes describes the <i>Suetidi</i> and <i><a href=\"/wiki/Danes_(Germanic_tribe)\" title=\"Danes (Germanic tribe)\">Dani</a></i> as being of the same stock and the tallest of people. He later mentions other Scandinavian tribes as being of a same stature.<sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact\" style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">[<i><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources\" title=\"Wikipedia:No original research\"><span title=\"This claim needs references to reliable secondary sources. (May 2015)\">non-primary source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The <i>Suehans</i> were known to the Roman world as suppliers of black fox skins and, according to Jordanes, had very fine horses, similar to those of the <i><a href=\"/wiki/Thuringians\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Thuringians\">Thyringi</a></i> of <i>Germania</i> (<i>alia vero gens ibi moratur Suehans, quae velud Thyringi equis utuntur eximiis</i>). The Icelandic historian <a href=\"/wiki/Snorri_Sturluson\" title=\"Snorri Sturluson\">Snorri Sturluson</a> also wrote that the Swedish king <a href=\"/wiki/Adils\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Adils\">Adils</a> (Eadgils) had the finest horses of his day.</p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"The_Vikings\">The Vikings</span></h3>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">See also: <a href=\"/wiki/Early_Swedish_history\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Early Swedish history\">Early Swedish history</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Foundation_of_Modern_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Foundation of Modern Sweden\">Foundation of Modern Sweden</a>, and <a href=\"/wiki/Varangians\" title=\"Varangians\">Varangians</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Vikings-Voyages.png\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Vikings-Voyages.png/220px-Vikings-Voyages.png\" width=\"220\" height=\"151\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Vikings-Voyages.png/330px-Vikings-Voyages.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Vikings-Voyages.png/440px-Vikings-Voyages.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"947\" data-file-height=\"648\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Vikings-Voyages.png\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\n<a href=\"/wiki/Viking\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Viking\">Viking</a> expeditions (blue): going into Russia were Swedish Vikings.</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>The Swedish <a href=\"/wiki/Viking_Age\" title=\"Viking Age\">Viking Age</a> lasted roughly from the 8th century to the 11th century. It is believed that Swedish Vikings and <a href=\"/wiki/Gutar\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Gutar\">Gutar</a> mainly travelled east and south, going to Finland, the <a href=\"/wiki/Baltic_countries\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Baltic countries\">Baltic countries</a>, Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, the <a href=\"/wiki/Black_Sea\" title=\"Black Sea\">Black Sea</a> and even as far as <a href=\"/wiki/Baghdad\" title=\"Baghdad\">Baghdad</a>. Their routes passed <a href=\"/wiki/The_Trade_Route_from_the_Varangians_to_the_Greeks\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"The Trade Route from the Varangians to the Greeks\">through the Dnieper</a> south to <a href=\"/wiki/Constantinople\" title=\"Constantinople\">Constantinople</a>, on which they carried out numerous raids. The <a href=\"/wiki/Byzantine_Emperor\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Byzantine Emperor\">Byzantine Emperor</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Theophilos_(emperor)\" title=\"Theophilos (emperor)\">Theophilos</a> noticed their great skills in war, and invited them to serve as his personal bodyguard, known as the <a href=\"/wiki/Varangian_Guard\" title=\"Varangian Guard\">Varangian Guard</a>. The Swedish Vikings, called <a href=\"/wiki/Rus_(people)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Rus (people)\">Rus</a> are believed to be the founding fathers of <a href=\"/wiki/Kievan_Rus%27\" title=\"Kievan Rus'\">Kievan Rus'</a>. The Arab traveller <a href=\"/wiki/Ibn_Fadlan\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Ibn Fadlan\">Ibn Fadlan</a> described these Vikings as follows:</p>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Ales_stenar_-_KMB_-_16000300016279.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Ales_stenar_-_KMB_-_16000300016279.jpg/220px-Ales_stenar_-_KMB_-_16000300016279.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"147\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Ales_stenar_-_KMB_-_16000300016279.jpg/330px-Ales_stenar_-_KMB_-_16000300016279.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Ales_stenar_-_KMB_-_16000300016279.jpg/440px-Ales_stenar_-_KMB_-_16000300016279.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"768\" data-file-height=\"512\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Ales_stenar_-_KMB_-_16000300016279.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nAles stones</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<blockquote class=\"templatequote\">\n<p>I have seen the Rus as they came on their merchant journeys and encamped by the <a href=\"/wiki/Volga\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Volga\">Itil</a>. I have never seen more perfect physical specimens, tall as date palms, blond and ruddy; they wear neither tunics nor caftans, but the men wear a garment which covers one side of the body and leaves a hand free. Each man has an axe, a sword, and a knife, and keeps each by him at all times. The swords are broad and grooved, of Frankish sort.<sup id=\"cite_ref-24\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-24\">[23]</a></sup></p>\n</blockquote>\n<p>The actions of these Swedish Vikings are commemorated on many <a href=\"/wiki/Runestone\" title=\"Runestone\">runestones</a> in Sweden, such as the <a href=\"/wiki/Greece_runestones\" title=\"Greece runestones\">Greece runestones</a> and the <a href=\"/wiki/Varangian_runestones\" title=\"Varangian runestones\">Varangian runestones</a>. There was also considerable participation in expeditions westwards, which are commemorated on stones such as the <a href=\"/wiki/England_runestones\" title=\"England runestones\">England runestones</a>. The last major Swedish Viking expedition appears to have been the ill-fated expedition of <a href=\"/wiki/Ingvar_the_Far-Travelled\" title=\"Ingvar the Far-Travelled\">Ingvar the Far-Travelled</a> to <a href=\"/wiki/Serkland\" title=\"Serkland\">Serkland</a>, the region south-east of the <a href=\"/wiki/Caspian_Sea\" title=\"Caspian Sea\">Caspian Sea</a>. Its members are commemorated on the <a href=\"/wiki/Ingvar_runestones\" title=\"Ingvar runestones\">Ingvar runestones</a>, none of which mentions any survivor. What happened to the crew is unknown, but it is believed that they died of sickness.</p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"The_Kingdom_of_Sweden\">The Kingdom of Sweden</span></h3>\n<table class=\"plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content\" role=\"presentation\">\n<tr>\n<td class=\"mbox-image\">\n<div style=\"width:52px\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Ambox_question.svg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"Ambox question.svg\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Ambox_question.svg/40px-Ambox_question.svg.png\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Ambox_question.svg/60px-Ambox_question.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Ambox_question.svg/80px-Ambox_question.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"40\" data-file-height=\"40\" /></a></div>\n</td>\n<td class=\"mbox-text\">\n<div class=\"mbox-text-span\">This section <b>possibly contains <a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Synthesis_of_published_material\" title=\"Wikipedia:No original research\">synthesis of material</a> which does not <a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability\" title=\"Wikipedia:Verifiability\">verifiably mention</a> or <a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Content_removal#Irrelevant_information\" title=\"Wikipedia:Content removal\">relate</a> to the main topic.</b> <span class=\"hide-when-compact\">Relevant discussion may be found on the <a href=\"/wiki/Talk:Sweden##\" title=\"Talk:Sweden\">talk page</a>.</span> <small><i>(May 2015)</i></small> <small class=\"hide-when-compact\"><i>(<a href=\"/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal\" title=\"Help:Maintenance template removal\">Learn how and when to remove this template message</a>)</i></small></div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</table>\n<p>It is not known when and how the kingdom of Sweden was born, but the <a href=\"/wiki/List_of_Swedish_monarchs\" title=\"List of Swedish monarchs\">list of Swedish monarchs</a> is drawn from the first kings known to have ruled both <a href=\"/wiki/Svealand\" title=\"Svealand\">Svealand</a> (Sweden) and Götaland (Gothia) as one province, beginning with <a href=\"/wiki/Eric_the_Victorious\" title=\"Eric the Victorious\">Eric the Victorious</a>. Sweden and Gothia were two separate nations long before that and since antiquity. It is not known how long they existed: the epic poem <i>Beowulf</i> describes semi-legendary <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish-Geatish_wars\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Swedish-Geatish wars\">Swedish-Geatish wars</a> in the 6th century. <i>Götaland</i> in this sense mainly includes the provinces of <a href=\"/wiki/%C3%96sterg%C3%B6tland\" title=\"Östergötland\">Östergötland</a> (East Gothia) and <a href=\"/wiki/V%C3%A4sterg%C3%B6tland\" title=\"Västergötland\">Västergötland</a> (West Gothia). The island of <a href=\"/wiki/Gotland\" title=\"Gotland\">Gotland</a> was disputed by other than Swedes, at this time (Danish, Hanseatic, and Gotland-domestic). <a href=\"/wiki/Sm%C3%A5land\" title=\"Småland\">Småland</a> was at that time of little interest to anyone due to the deep pine forests, and only the city of <a href=\"/wiki/Kalmar\" title=\"Kalmar\">Kalmar</a> with its castle was of importance. The south-west parts of the Scandinavian peninsula consisted of three Danish provinces (<a href=\"/wiki/Scania\" title=\"Scania\">Scania</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Blekinge\" title=\"Blekinge\">Blekinge</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Halland\" title=\"Halland\">Halland</a>). North of Halland, Denmark had a direct border to Norway and its province <a href=\"/wiki/Bohusl%C3%A4n\" title=\"Bohuslän\">Bohuslän</a>. But there were Swedish settlements in south-west Finland, and along the southern coastline of <a href=\"/wiki/Norrland\" title=\"Norrland\">Norrland</a>.</p>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Suecia_1-064_;_Gambla_Ubsala_h%C3%B6gar.png\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Suecia_1-064_%3B_Gambla_Ubsala_h%C3%B6gar.png/220px-Suecia_1-064_%3B_Gambla_Ubsala_h%C3%B6gar.png\" width=\"220\" height=\"85\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Suecia_1-064_%3B_Gambla_Ubsala_h%C3%B6gar.png/330px-Suecia_1-064_%3B_Gambla_Ubsala_h%C3%B6gar.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Suecia_1-064_%3B_Gambla_Ubsala_h%C3%B6gar.png/440px-Suecia_1-064_%3B_Gambla_Ubsala_h%C3%B6gar.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"2632\" data-file-height=\"1015\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Suecia_1-064_;_Gambla_Ubsala_h%C3%B6gar.png\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\n<a href=\"/wiki/Gamla_Uppsala\" title=\"Gamla Uppsala\">Gamla Uppsala</a> (Old Uppsala), a site of religious and political importance in the early days of Sweden</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>During the early stages of the Scandinavian Viking Age, <a href=\"/wiki/Ystad\" title=\"Ystad\">Ystad</a> in the <a href=\"/wiki/Denmark\" title=\"Denmark\">Danish</a> province Scania and <a href=\"/wiki/Paviken\" title=\"Paviken\">Paviken</a> on Gotland were flourishing centres of trade, but they were not parts of the early Swedish Kingdom. Remains of what is believed to have been a large market dating from 600 to 700 AD have been found in Ystad.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Sawyer_25-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Sawyer-25\">[24]</a></sup> In Paviken, an important centre of trade in the Baltic region during the 9th and 10th century, remains have been found of a large Viking Age harbour with shipbuilding yards and handicraft industries. Between 800 and 1000, trade brought an abundance of silver to Gotland, and according to some scholars, the Gotlanders of this era hoarded more silver than the rest of the population of Scandinavia combined.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Sawyer_25-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Sawyer-25\">[24]</a></sup></p>\n<p><a href=\"/wiki/St._Ansgar\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"St. Ansgar\">St. Ansgar</a> is usually credited with introducing Christianity in 829, but the new religion did not begin to fully replace <a href=\"/wiki/Paganism\" title=\"Paganism\">paganism</a> until the 12th century. During the 11th century, Christianity became the prevalent religion, and from 1050 Sweden is counted as a Christian nation. The period between 1100 and 1400 was characterised by internal power struggles and competition among the Nordic kingdoms. In the years 1150–1293 according to the legend of <a href=\"/wiki/Eric_IX_of_Sweden\" title=\"Eric IX of Sweden\">Eric IX</a> and the <i><a href=\"/wiki/Eric_Chronicles\" title=\"Eric Chronicles\">Eric Chronicles</a></i> and Swedish kings made a <a href=\"/wiki/First_Swedish_Crusade\" title=\"First Swedish Crusade\">first</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Second_Swedish_Crusade\" title=\"Second Swedish Crusade\">second</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Third_Swedish_Crusade\" title=\"Third Swedish Crusade\">third crusade</a> to pagan Finland against <a href=\"/wiki/Finns_proper\" title=\"Finns proper\">Finns</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Tavastians\" title=\"Tavastians\">Tavastians</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Karelians\" title=\"Karelians\">Karelians</a> and started conflicts with the <a href=\"/wiki/Kievan_Rus%27\" title=\"Kievan Rus'\">Rus'</a> who no longer had any connection with Sweden.<sup id=\"cite_ref-26\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-26\">[25]</a></sup> The Swedish colonisation of the coastal areas of Finland started also during the 12th and 13th century.<sup id=\"cite_ref-27\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-27\">[26]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-28\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-28\">[27]</a></sup> In the 14th century, the Swedish colonisation of coastal areas of Finland began to be more organised and in the end of the century several of the coastal areas of Finland were inhabited mostly by Swedes.<sup id=\"cite_ref-29\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-29\">[28]</a></sup></p>\n<p>Except for the provinces of Scania, Blekinge and Halland in the south-west of the Scandinavian peninsula, which were parts of the Kingdom of Denmark during this time, <a href=\"/wiki/Feudalism\" title=\"Feudalism\">feudalism</a> never developed in Sweden as it did in the rest of Europe.<sup id=\"cite_ref-30\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-30\">[29]</a></sup> The peasantry therefore remained largely a class of free farmers throughout most of Swedish history. <a href=\"/wiki/Slavery\" title=\"Slavery\">Slavery</a> (also called <a href=\"/wiki/Thrall\" title=\"Thrall\">thralldom</a>) was not common in Sweden,<sup id=\"cite_ref-31\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-31\">[30]</a></sup> and what slavery there was tended to be driven out of existence thanks to the spread of Christianity as well as to the difficulty to obtain slaves from the lands east of the Baltic Sea, and by the development of cities before the 16th century.<sup id=\"cite_ref-32\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-32\">[31]</a></sup> Indeed, both slavery and <a href=\"/wiki/Serfdom\" title=\"Serfdom\">serfdom</a> were abolished altogether by a decree of <a href=\"/wiki/Magnus_IV_of_Sweden\" title=\"Magnus IV of Sweden\">King Magnus IV</a> in 1335. Former slaves tended to be absorbed into the peasantry, and some became labourers in the towns. Still, Sweden remained a poor and economically backward country in which barter was the primary means of exchange. For instance, the farmers of the province of <a href=\"/wiki/Dalsland\" title=\"Dalsland\">Dalsland</a> would transport their butter to the mining districts of Sweden and exchange it there for iron, which they would then take to the coast and trade for fish, which they consumed, while the iron would be shipped abroad.<sup id=\"cite_ref-33\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-33\">[32]</a></sup></p>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Valdemar_Atterdag_brandskattar_Visby_(1882).jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Valdemar_Atterdag_brandskattar_Visby_%281882%29.jpg/220px-Valdemar_Atterdag_brandskattar_Visby_%281882%29.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"136\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Valdemar_Atterdag_brandskattar_Visby_%281882%29.jpg/330px-Valdemar_Atterdag_brandskattar_Visby_%281882%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Valdemar_Atterdag_brandskattar_Visby_%281882%29.jpg/440px-Valdemar_Atterdag_brandskattar_Visby_%281882%29.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"3731\" data-file-height=\"2309\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Valdemar_Atterdag_brandskattar_Visby_(1882).jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nA <a href=\"/wiki/Romantic_nationalism\" title=\"Romantic nationalism\">romantic nationalist</a> interpretation of <a href=\"/wiki/Valdemar_IV\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Valdemar IV\">Valdemar IV</a> taking control over <a href=\"/wiki/Gotland\" title=\"Gotland\">Gotland</a>. The final battle outside the walls of Visby in 1361 ended with a massacre of 1,800 defenders of the city.</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>In the middle of the 14th century, Sweden was struck by the <a href=\"/wiki/Black_Death\" title=\"Black Death\">Black Death</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-34\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-34\">[33]</a></sup> The population of Sweden and most of Europe was seriously decimated. The population (at same territory) did not reach the numbers of the year 1348 again until the beginning of the 19th century. One third of the population died in the triennium of 1349–1351. During this period, the Swedish cities began to acquire greater rights and were strongly influenced by German merchants of the <a href=\"/wiki/Hanseatic_League\" title=\"Hanseatic League\">Hanseatic League</a>, active especially at <a href=\"/wiki/Visby\" title=\"Visby\">Visby</a>. In 1319, Sweden and Norway were united under King Magnus Eriksson, and in 1397 Queen <a href=\"/wiki/Margaret_I_of_Denmark\" title=\"Margaret I of Denmark\">Margaret I of Denmark</a> effected the personal union of Sweden, Norway, and Denmark through the <a href=\"/wiki/Kalmar_Union\" title=\"Kalmar Union\">Kalmar Union</a>. However, Margaret's successors, whose rule was also centred in Denmark, were unable to control the Swedish nobility.</p>\n<p>Many times the Swedish crown was inherited by children kings over the course of the kingdom's existence; consequently real power was held for long periods by regents (notably those of the <a href=\"/wiki/Sture\" title=\"Sture\">Sture</a> family) chosen by the Swedish parliament. King <a href=\"/wiki/Christian_II_of_Denmark\" title=\"Christian II of Denmark\">Christian II of Denmark</a>, who asserted his claim to Sweden by force of arms, ordered a massacre of Swedish nobles in Stockholm in 1520. This came to be known as the \"<a href=\"/wiki/Stockholm_blood_bath\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Stockholm blood bath\">Stockholm blood bath</a>\" and stirred the Swedish nobility to new resistance and, on 6 June (now Sweden's national holiday) in 1523, they made <a href=\"/wiki/Gustav_Vasa\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Gustav Vasa\">Gustav Vasa</a> their king.<sup id=\"cite_ref-35\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-35\">[34]</a></sup> This is sometimes considered as the <a href=\"/wiki/Foundation_of_modern_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Foundation of modern Sweden\">foundation of modern Sweden</a>. Shortly afterwards the new king rejected Catholicism and led Sweden into the <a href=\"/wiki/Protestant_Reformation\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Protestant Reformation\">Protestant Reformation</a>.</p>\n<p>The Hanseatic League had been officially formed at <a href=\"/wiki/L%C3%BCbeck\" title=\"Lübeck\">Lübeck</a> on the Baltic coast of <a href=\"/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire\" title=\"Holy Roman Empire\">Northern Germany</a> in 1356. The League sought civil and commercial privileges from the princes and royalty of the countries and cities along the coasts of the Baltic Sea.<sup id=\"cite_ref-36\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-36\">[35]</a></sup> In exchange, they offered a certain amount of protection to the joining cities. Having their own navy, the Hansa were able to sweep the Baltic Sea free of pirates.<sup id=\"cite_ref-37\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-37\">[36]</a></sup> The privileges obtained by the Hansa included assurances that only Hansa citizens would be allowed to trade from the ports where they were located. They sought agreement to be free of all customs and taxes. With these concessions, Lübeck merchants flocked to Stockholm, where they soon came to dominate the city's economic life and made the port city of Stockholm into the leading commercial and industrial city of Sweden.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Scott,_p._52_38-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Scott,_p._52-38\">[37]</a></sup> Under the Hanseatic trade, two-thirds of Stockholm's imports consisted of <a href=\"/wiki/Textiles\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Textiles\">textiles</a>, while the remaining third was <a href=\"/wiki/Salt\" title=\"Salt\">salt</a>. The main exports from Sweden were <a href=\"/wiki/Iron\" title=\"Iron\">iron</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Copper\" title=\"Copper\">copper</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Scott,_p._52_38-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Scott,_p._52-38\">[37]</a></sup></p>\n<p>However, the Swedes began to resent the monopoly trading position of the Hansa (mostly consisting of German citizens), and to resent the income they felt they lost to the Hansa. Consequently, when Gustav Vasa or <a href=\"/wiki/Gustav_I\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Gustav I\">Gustav I</a> broke the monopoly power of the Hanseatic League he was regarded as a hero by the Swedish people.<sup id=\"cite_ref-39\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-39\">[38]</a></sup> History now views Gustav I as the father of the modern Swedish nation. The foundations laid by Gustav would take time to develop. Furthermore, when Sweden did develop, freed itself from the Hanseatic League, and entered its <a href=\"/wiki/Golden_era\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Golden era\">golden era</a>, the fact that the peasantry had traditionally been free meant that more of the economic benefits flowed back to them rather than going to a feudal landowning class.<sup id=\"cite_ref-40\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-40\">[39]</a></sup></p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Swedish_Empire\">Swedish Empire</span></h3>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">See also: <a href=\"/wiki/History_of_Sweden_(1611%E2%80%9348)\" title=\"History of Sweden (1611–48)\">History of Sweden (1611–48)</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Empire\" title=\"Swedish Empire\">Swedish Empire</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_overseas_colonies\" title=\"Swedish overseas colonies\">Swedish overseas colonies</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Age_of_Liberty\" title=\"Age of Liberty\">Age of Liberty</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Gustavian_era\" title=\"Gustavian era\">Gustavian era</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Sweden%E2%80%93Finland\" title=\"Sweden–Finland\">Sweden–Finland</a>, and <a href=\"/wiki/Union_between_Sweden_and_Norway\" title=\"Union between Sweden and Norway\">Union between Sweden and Norway</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Nativus,_Sueciae_adiacenti_umque_regnorum_typus_-_Kungliga_Biblioteket_-_11308411-thumb.png\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Nativus%2C_Sueciae_adiacenti_umque_regnorum_typus_-_Kungliga_Biblioteket_-_11308411-thumb.png/220px-Nativus%2C_Sueciae_adiacenti_umque_regnorum_typus_-_Kungliga_Biblioteket_-_11308411-thumb.png\" width=\"220\" height=\"175\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Nativus%2C_Sueciae_adiacenti_umque_regnorum_typus_-_Kungliga_Biblioteket_-_11308411-thumb.png/330px-Nativus%2C_Sueciae_adiacenti_umque_regnorum_typus_-_Kungliga_Biblioteket_-_11308411-thumb.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Nativus%2C_Sueciae_adiacenti_umque_regnorum_typus_-_Kungliga_Biblioteket_-_11308411-thumb.png/440px-Nativus%2C_Sueciae_adiacenti_umque_regnorum_typus_-_Kungliga_Biblioteket_-_11308411-thumb.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"10361\" data-file-height=\"8249\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Nativus,_Sueciae_adiacenti_umque_regnorum_typus_-_Kungliga_Biblioteket_-_11308411-thumb.png\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nNativus, <i>Sueciae adiacenti umque regnorum typus</i>, 16th century</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Swedish_Empire_(1560-1815)_en2.png\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Swedish_Empire_%281560-1815%29_en2.png/220px-Swedish_Empire_%281560-1815%29_en2.png\" width=\"220\" height=\"270\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Swedish_Empire_%281560-1815%29_en2.png/330px-Swedish_Empire_%281560-1815%29_en2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Swedish_Empire_%281560-1815%29_en2.png/440px-Swedish_Empire_%281560-1815%29_en2.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1802\" data-file-height=\"2213\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Swedish_Empire_(1560-1815)_en2.png\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nThe <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Empire\" title=\"Swedish Empire\">Swedish Empire</a> between 1611 and 1815, absolute peak 1658–60</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>During the 17th century Sweden emerged as a European <a href=\"/wiki/Great_power\" title=\"Great power\">great power</a>. Before the emergence of the Swedish Empire, Sweden was a poor and scarcely populated country on the fringe of European civilisation, with no significant power or reputation. Sweden rose to prominence on a continental scale during the tenure of king <a href=\"/wiki/Gustavus_Adolphus_of_Sweden\" title=\"Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden\">Gustavus Adolphus</a>, seizing territories from Russia and <a href=\"/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth\" title=\"Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth\">Poland–Lithuania</a> in multiple conflicts, including the <a href=\"/wiki/Thirty_Years%27_War\" title=\"Thirty Years' War\">Thirty Years' War</a>.</p>\n<p>During the Thirty Years' War, Sweden conquered approximately half of the Holy Roman states. Gustav Adolphus planned to become the new <a href=\"/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor\" title=\"Holy Roman Emperor\">Holy Roman Emperor</a>, ruling over a united Scandinavia and the Holy Roman states, but he died at the <a href=\"/wiki/Battle_of_L%C3%BCtzen_(1632)\" title=\"Battle of Lützen (1632)\">Battle of Lützen</a> in 1632. After the <a href=\"/wiki/Battle_of_N%C3%B6rdlingen_(1634)\" title=\"Battle of Nördlingen (1634)\">Battle of Nördlingen</a>, Sweden's only significant military defeat of the war, pro-Swedish sentiment among the German states faded. These German provinces excluded themselves from Swedish power one by one, leaving Sweden with only a few northern German territories: <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Pomerania\" title=\"Swedish Pomerania\">Swedish Pomerania</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Bremen-Verden\" title=\"Bremen-Verden\">Bremen-Verden</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Wismar\" title=\"Wismar\">Wismar</a>.</p>\n<div class=\"thumb tleft\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Suecia_1-054_;_Sodra_Bancohuset.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Suecia_1-054_%3B_Sodra_Bancohuset.jpg/220px-Suecia_1-054_%3B_Sodra_Bancohuset.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"141\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Suecia_1-054_%3B_Sodra_Bancohuset.jpg/330px-Suecia_1-054_%3B_Sodra_Bancohuset.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Suecia_1-054_%3B_Sodra_Bancohuset.jpg/440px-Suecia_1-054_%3B_Sodra_Bancohuset.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"1558\" data-file-height=\"998\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Suecia_1-054_;_Sodra_Bancohuset.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nStockholm in mid-17th century</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>In the middle of the 17th century Sweden was the third-largest country in Europe by land area, only surpassed by Russia and Spain. Sweden reached its largest territorial extent under the rule of <a href=\"/wiki/Charles_X_of_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Charles X of Sweden\">Charles X</a> after the <a href=\"/wiki/Treaty_of_Roskilde\" title=\"Treaty of Roskilde\">treaty of Roskilde</a> in 1658.<sup id=\"cite_ref-HayesPSH_41-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-HayesPSH-41\">[40]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-42\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-42\">[41]</a></sup> The foundation of Sweden's success during this period is credited to Gustav I's major changes to the Swedish economy in the 16th century, and his introduction of <a href=\"/wiki/Protestantism\" title=\"Protestantism\">Protestantism</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-GusEB_43-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-GusEB-43\">[42]</a></sup> In the 17th century, Sweden was engaged in many wars, for example with the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, with both sides competing for territories of today's <a href=\"/wiki/Baltic_states\" title=\"Baltic states\">Baltic states</a>, with the disastrous <a href=\"/wiki/Battle_of_Kircholm\" title=\"Battle of Kircholm\">Battle of Kircholm</a> being one of the highlights.<sup id=\"cite_ref-44\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-44\">[43]</a></sup> One-third of the Finnish population died in the devastating <a href=\"/wiki/Famine\" title=\"Famine\">famine</a> that struck the country in 1696.<sup id=\"cite_ref-45\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-45\">[44]</a></sup> Famine also hit Sweden, killing roughly 10% of Sweden's population.<sup id=\"cite_ref-46\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-46\">[45]</a></sup></p>\n<p>The Swedes conducted a series of invasions into the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, known as the <a href=\"/wiki/Deluge_(history)\" title=\"Deluge (history)\">Deluge</a>. After more than half a century of almost constant warfare, the Swedish economy had deteriorated. It became the lifetime task of Charles' son, <a href=\"/wiki/Charles_XI_of_Sweden\" title=\"Charles XI of Sweden\">Charles XI</a>, to rebuild the economy and refit the army. His legacy to his son, the coming ruler of Sweden, <a href=\"/wiki/Charles_XII_of_Sweden\" title=\"Charles XII of Sweden\">Charles XII</a>, was one of the finest arsenals in the world, a large standing army and a great fleet. Sweden's largest threat at this time, Russia, had a larger army but was far behind in both equipment and training.</p>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Battle_of_Lutzen.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Battle_of_Lutzen.jpg/220px-Battle_of_Lutzen.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"146\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Battle_of_Lutzen.jpg/330px-Battle_of_Lutzen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Battle_of_Lutzen.jpg/440px-Battle_of_Lutzen.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"2143\" data-file-height=\"1421\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Battle_of_Lutzen.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nDeath of <a href=\"/wiki/Gustav_II_Adolf\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Gustav II Adolf\">Gustav II Adolf</a> at the <a href=\"/wiki/Battle_of_L%C3%BCtzen_(1632)\" title=\"Battle of Lützen (1632)\">Battle of Lützen</a></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>After the <a href=\"/wiki/Battle_of_Narva_(1700)\" title=\"Battle of Narva (1700)\">Battle of Narva</a> in 1700, one of the first battles of the <a href=\"/wiki/Great_Northern_War\" title=\"Great Northern War\">Great Northern War</a>, the Russian army was so severely devastated that Sweden had an open chance to invade Russia. However, Charles did not pursue the Russian army, instead turning against Poland–Lithuania and defeating the Polish king, <a href=\"/wiki/Augustus_II\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Augustus II\">Augustus II</a>, and his Saxon allies at the <a href=\"/wiki/Battle_of_Klissow\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Battle of Klissow\">Battle of Klissow</a> in 1702. This gave Russia time to rebuild and modernise its army.</p>\n<p>After the success of invading Poland, Charles decided to make an attempt at invading Russia, but this ended in a decisive Russian victory at the <a href=\"/wiki/Battle_of_Poltava\" title=\"Battle of Poltava\">Battle of Poltava</a> in 1709. After a long march exposed to <a href=\"/wiki/Cossack\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Cossack\">Cossack</a> raids, the Russian Tsar <a href=\"/wiki/Peter_the_Great\" title=\"Peter the Great\">Peter the Great</a>'s <a href=\"/wiki/Scorched-earth\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Scorched-earth\">scorched-earth</a> techniques and <a href=\"/wiki/Great_Frost_of_1709\" title=\"Great Frost of 1709\">the extremely cold winter of 1709</a>, the Swedes stood weakened with a shattered morale and were enormously outnumbered against the Russian army at Poltava. The defeat meant the beginning of the end for the Swedish Empire. In addition, <a href=\"/wiki/The_plague_during_the_Great_Northern_War\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"The plague during the Great Northern War\">the plague raging in East Central Europe</a> devastated the Swedish dominions and reached Central Sweden in 1710.</p>\n<div class=\"thumb tleft\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Marten%27s_Poltava.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Marten%27s_Poltava.jpg/220px-Marten%27s_Poltava.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"139\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Marten%27s_Poltava.jpg/330px-Marten%27s_Poltava.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Marten%27s_Poltava.jpg/440px-Marten%27s_Poltava.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"1450\" data-file-height=\"919\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Marten%27s_Poltava.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nThe <a href=\"/wiki/Battle_of_Poltava\" title=\"Battle of Poltava\">Battle of Poltava</a> in 1709. In the years following Poltava, Russia and her allies occupied all the <a href=\"/wiki/Dominions_of_Sweden\" title=\"Dominions of Sweden\">Swedish dominions</a> on the Baltic coast and even Finland.</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>Charles XII attempted to invade Norway in 1716, but he was shot dead at <a href=\"/wiki/Fredriksten\" title=\"Fredriksten\">Fredriksten</a> fortress in 1718. The Swedes were not militarily defeated at Fredriksten, but the whole structure and organisation of the campaign fell apart with the king's death, and the army withdrew.</p>\n<p>Forced to cede large areas of land in the <a href=\"/wiki/Treaty_of_Nystad\" title=\"Treaty of Nystad\">Treaty of Nystad</a> in 1721, Sweden also lost its place as an empire and as the dominant state on the Baltic Sea. With Sweden's lost influence, Russia emerged as an empire and became one of Europe's dominant nations. As the war finally ended in 1721, Sweden had lost an estimated 200,000 men, 150,000 of those from the area of present-day Sweden and 50,000 from the <a href=\"/wiki/History_of_Finland#17th_century_–_the_Swedish_Empire\" title=\"History of Finland\">Finnish</a> part of Sweden.<sup id=\"cite_ref-47\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-47\">[46]</a></sup></p>\n<p>In the 18th century, Sweden did not have enough resources to maintain its territories outside Scandinavia, and most of them were lost, culminating with the loss in 1809 of eastern Sweden to Russia, which became the highly autonomous <a href=\"/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Finland\" title=\"Grand Duchy of Finland\">Grand Principality of Finland</a> in <a href=\"/wiki/Russian_Empire\" title=\"Russian Empire\">Imperial Russia</a>.</p>\n<p>In interest of re-establishing Swedish dominance in the Baltic Sea, Sweden allied itself against its traditional ally and benefactor, France, in the <a href=\"/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars\" title=\"Napoleonic Wars\">Napoleonic Wars</a>. Sweden's role in the <a href=\"/wiki/Battle_of_Leipzig\" title=\"Battle of Leipzig\">Battle of Leipzig</a> gave it the authority to force Denmark–Norway, an ally of France, to cede Norway to the King of Sweden on 14 January 1814 in exchange for northern German provinces, at the <a href=\"/wiki/Treaty_of_Kiel\" title=\"Treaty of Kiel\">Treaty of Kiel</a>. The Norwegian attempts to keep their status as a sovereign state were rejected by the Swedish king, <a href=\"/wiki/Charles_XIII\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Charles XIII\">Charles XIII</a>. He launched a military campaign against Norway on 27 July 1814, ending in the <a href=\"/wiki/Convention_of_Moss\" title=\"Convention of Moss\">Convention of Moss</a>, which forced Norway into a <a href=\"/wiki/Union_between_Sweden_and_Norway\" title=\"Union between Sweden and Norway\">personal union</a> with Sweden under the Swedish crown, which lasted until 1905. The 1814 campaign was the last time Sweden was at war.</p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Modern_history\">Modern history</span></h3>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">See also: <a href=\"/wiki/Modernization_of_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Modernization of Sweden\">Modernization of Sweden</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_emigration_to_the_United_States\" title=\"Swedish emigration to the United States\">Swedish emigration to the United States</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tleft\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:172px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Starvation_image_from_F%C3%A4derneslandet_1867.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Starvation_image_from_F%C3%A4derneslandet_1867.jpg/170px-Starvation_image_from_F%C3%A4derneslandet_1867.jpg\" width=\"170\" height=\"166\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Starvation_image_from_F%C3%A4derneslandet_1867.jpg/255px-Starvation_image_from_F%C3%A4derneslandet_1867.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Starvation_image_from_F%C3%A4derneslandet_1867.jpg/340px-Starvation_image_from_F%C3%A4derneslandet_1867.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"1540\" data-file-height=\"1500\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Starvation_image_from_F%C3%A4derneslandet_1867.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nIllustration of starvation in northern Sweden, <a href=\"/wiki/Finnish_famine_of_1866%E2%80%931868\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Finnish famine of 1866–1868\">Famine of 1866–1868</a></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>The <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_East_India_Company\" title=\"Swedish East India Company\">Swedish East India Company</a>, <i>Ostindiska Kompaniet</i>, began in 1731. The obvious choice of home port was <a href=\"/wiki/Gothenburg\" title=\"Gothenburg\">Gothenburg</a> at Sweden's west coast, the mouth of <a href=\"/wiki/G%C3%B6ta_%C3%A4lv\" title=\"Göta älv\">Göta älv river</a> is very wide and has the county's largest and best harbour for high seas journeys. The trade continued into the 19th Century, and caused the little town to become Sweden's second city.<sup id=\"cite_ref-48\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-48\">[47]</a></sup> There was a significant population increase during the 18th and 19th centuries, which the writer <a href=\"/wiki/Esaias_Tegn%C3%A9r\" title=\"Esaias Tegnér\">Esaias Tegnér</a> in 1833 attributed to \"the peace, the <a href=\"/wiki/Smallpox_vaccine\" title=\"Smallpox vaccine\">smallpox vaccine</a>, and the potatoes\".<sup id=\"cite_ref-49\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-49\">[48]</a></sup> Between 1750 and 1850, the population in Sweden doubled. According to some scholars, mass emigration to America became the only way to prevent famine and rebellion; over 1% of the population emigrated annually during the 1880s.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Einhorn_50-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Einhorn-50\">[49]</a></sup> Nevertheless, Sweden remained poor, retaining a nearly entirely agricultural economy even as Denmark and Western European countries began to industrialise.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Einhorn_50-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Einhorn-50\">[49]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-51\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-51\">[50]</a></sup></p>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Farewell_to_home,_G%C3%B6teborg,_1905.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Farewell_to_home%2C_G%C3%B6teborg%2C_1905.jpg/220px-Farewell_to_home%2C_G%C3%B6teborg%2C_1905.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"203\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Farewell_to_home%2C_G%C3%B6teborg%2C_1905.jpg/330px-Farewell_to_home%2C_G%C3%B6teborg%2C_1905.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Farewell_to_home%2C_G%C3%B6teborg%2C_1905.jpg/440px-Farewell_to_home%2C_G%C3%B6teborg%2C_1905.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"640\" data-file-height=\"591\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Farewell_to_home,_G%C3%B6teborg,_1905.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nSwedish emigrants boarding ship in <a href=\"/wiki/Gothenburg\" title=\"Gothenburg\">Gothenburg</a> in 1905</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>Many looked towards America for a better life during this time. It is thought that between 1850 and 1910 more than one million Swedes moved to the United States.<sup id=\"cite_ref-52\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-52\">[51]</a></sup> In the early 20th century, more Swedes lived in Chicago than in <a href=\"/wiki/Gothenburg\" title=\"Gothenburg\">Gothenburg</a> (Sweden's second largest city).<sup id=\"cite_ref-53\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-53\">[52]</a></sup> Most Swedish <a href=\"/wiki/Immigrants\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Immigrants\">immigrants</a> moved to the <a href=\"/wiki/Midwestern_United_States\" title=\"Midwestern United States\">Midwestern United States</a>, with a large population in <a href=\"/wiki/Minnesota\" title=\"Minnesota\">Minnesota</a>, with a few others moving to other parts of the United States and Canada.</p>\n<p>Despite the slow rate of industrialisation into the 19th century, many important changes were taking place in the agrarian economy due to constant innovations and a rapid population growth.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Koblik9-10_54-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Koblik9-10-54\">[53]</a></sup> These innovations included government-sponsored programmes of <a href=\"/wiki/Enclosure\" title=\"Enclosure\">enclosure</a>, aggressive exploitation of agricultural lands, and the introduction of new crops such as the potato.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Koblik9-10_54-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Koblik9-10-54\">[53]</a></sup> Because the Swedish peasantry had never been enserfed as elsewhere in Europe,<sup id=\"cite_ref-55\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-55\">[54]</a></sup> the Swedish farming culture began to take on a critical role in Swedish politics, which has continued through modern times with modern Agrarian party (now called the Centre Party).<sup id=\"cite_ref-56\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-56\">[55]</a></sup> Between 1870 and 1914, Sweden began developing the industrialised economy that exists today.<sup id=\"cite_ref-57\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-57\">[56]</a></sup></p>\n<p>Strong grassroots movements sprung up in Sweden during the latter half of the 19th century (trade unions, <a href=\"/wiki/Temperance_movement\" title=\"Temperance movement\">temperance</a> groups, and independent religious groups), creating a strong foundation of democratic principles. In 1889 The Swedish Social Democratic Party was founded. These movements precipitated Sweden's migration into a modern parliamentary democracy, achieved by the time of World War I. As the <a href=\"/wiki/Industrial_Revolution\" title=\"Industrial Revolution\">Industrial Revolution</a> progressed during the 20th century, people gradually moved into cities to work in factories and became involved in socialist unions. A communist revolution was avoided in 1917, following the re-introduction of <a href=\"/wiki/Parliamentarism\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Parliamentarism\">parliamentarism</a>, and the country was <a href=\"/wiki/Democracy\" title=\"Democracy\">democratised</a>.</p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"World_War_I_and_World_War_II\">World War I and World War II</span></h3>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main articles: <a href=\"/wiki/Sweden_during_World_War_I\" title=\"Sweden during World War I\">Sweden during World War I</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Sweden_during_World_War_II\" title=\"Sweden during World War II\">Sweden during World War II</a></div>\n<p>Sweden was officially neutral during <a href=\"/wiki/World_War_I\" title=\"World War I\">World War I</a>, although, under German pressure, they did take steps which were detrimental to the Allied powers including mining the <a href=\"/wiki/%C3%98resund\" title=\"Øresund\">Øresund</a> channel, thus closing it to Allied shipping, and allowing the Germans to use Swedish facilities and the Swedish cipher to transmit secret messages to their overseas embassies.<sup id=\"cite_ref-58\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-58\">[57]</a></sup> Sweden also allowed volunteers fighting for the <a href=\"/wiki/White_Guard_(Finland)\" title=\"White Guard (Finland)\">White Guards</a> together with the Germans against the Reds and Russians in the <a href=\"/wiki/Finnish_Civil_War\" title=\"Finnish Civil War\">Finnish Civil War</a>, and briefly occupied the Aland islands in co-operation with Germany.</p>\n<div class=\"thumb tleft\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Swedish_soldier_during_ww2.JPG\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Swedish_soldier_during_ww2.JPG/220px-Swedish_soldier_during_ww2.JPG\" width=\"220\" height=\"159\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Swedish_soldier_during_ww2.JPG/330px-Swedish_soldier_during_ww2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Swedish_soldier_during_ww2.JPG/440px-Swedish_soldier_during_ww2.JPG 2x\" data-file-width=\"596\" data-file-height=\"432\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Swedish_soldier_during_ww2.JPG\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nA Swedish soldier during World War II. Sweden remained neutral during the conflict.</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Oskar_Friberg.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Oskar_Friberg.jpg/220px-Oskar_Friberg.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"149\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Oskar_Friberg.jpg/330px-Oskar_Friberg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Oskar_Friberg.jpg/440px-Oskar_Friberg.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"859\" data-file-height=\"581\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Oskar_Friberg.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nOskar Friberg is the last male <a href=\"/wiki/Estonian_Swede\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Estonian Swede\">Estonian Swede</a> on the island of <a href=\"/wiki/Vormsi\" title=\"Vormsi\">Vormsi</a> who outlived the Soviet Occupation.</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>As in the first world war, Sweden remained officially neutral during <a href=\"/wiki/World_War_II\" title=\"World War II\">World War II</a>, although its neutrality during World War II has been disputed.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Koblik303-313_59-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Koblik303-313-59\">[58]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-60\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-60\">[59]</a></sup> Sweden was under German influence for much of the war, as ties to the rest of the world were cut off through blockades.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Koblik303-313_59-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Koblik303-313-59\">[58]</a></sup> The Swedish government felt that it was in no position to openly contest Germany,<sup id=\"cite_ref-NB313-319_61-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-NB313-319-61\">[60]</a></sup> and therefore made some concessions.<sup id=\"cite_ref-62\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-62\">[61]</a></sup> Sweden also supplied steel and machined parts to Germany throughout the war. However, Sweden supported Norwegian resistance, and in 1943 helped <a href=\"/wiki/Rescue_of_the_Danish_Jews\" title=\"Rescue of the Danish Jews\">rescue Danish Jews</a> from deportation to <a href=\"/wiki/Nazi_concentration_camps\" title=\"Nazi concentration camps\">Nazi concentration camps</a>. The Swedish government also unofficially supported Finland in the <a href=\"/wiki/Winter_War\" title=\"Winter War\">Winter War</a> and the <a href=\"/wiki/Continuation_War\" title=\"Continuation War\">Continuation War</a> by allowing volunteers and <a href=\"/wiki/Materiel\" title=\"Materiel\">materiel</a> to be shipped to Finland.</p>\n<p>During the last year of the war, Sweden began to play a role in humanitarian efforts, and many refugees, among them several thousand Jews from Nazi-occupied Europe, were rescued thanks to the <a href=\"/wiki/White_Buses\" title=\"White Buses\">Swedish rescue missions to internment camps</a> and partly because Sweden served as a haven for refugees, primarily from the <a href=\"/wiki/Nordic_countries\" title=\"Nordic countries\">Nordic countries</a> and the Baltic states.<sup id=\"cite_ref-NB313-319_61-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-NB313-319-61\">[60]</a></sup> The Swedish diplomat <a href=\"/wiki/Raoul_Wallenberg\" title=\"Raoul Wallenberg\">Raoul Wallenberg</a> and his colleagues ensured the safety of tens of thousands of Hungarian Jews.<sup id=\"cite_ref-63\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-63\">[62]</a></sup> Nevertheless, both Swedes and others have argued that Sweden could have done more to oppose the Nazis' war efforts, even if it meant increasing the risk of occupation.<sup id=\"cite_ref-NB313-319_61-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-NB313-319-61\">[60]</a></sup></p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Post-war_era\">Post-war era</span></h3>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Olivecrona_erlander_380.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Olivecrona_erlander_380.jpg/220px-Olivecrona_erlander_380.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"142\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Olivecrona_erlander_380.jpg/330px-Olivecrona_erlander_380.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Olivecrona_erlander_380.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"380\" data-file-height=\"246\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Olivecrona_erlander_380.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nPrime Minister <a href=\"/wiki/Tage_Erlander\" title=\"Tage Erlander\">Tage Erlander</a> (left) was Prime Minister under the ruling <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Social_Democratic_Party\" title=\"Swedish Social Democratic Party\">Swedish Social Democratic Party</a> from 1946 to 1969.</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>Sweden was officially a neutral country and remained outside <a href=\"/wiki/NATO\" title=\"NATO\">NATO</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Warsaw_Pact\" title=\"Warsaw Pact\">Warsaw Pact</a> membership during the Cold War, but privately Sweden's leadership had strong ties with the United States and other western governments. Following the war, Sweden took advantage of an intact industrial base, social stability and its natural resources to expand its industry to supply the rebuilding of Europe.<sup id=\"cite_ref-NB335-339_64-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-NB335-339-64\">[63]</a></sup> Sweden received aid under the <a href=\"/wiki/Marshall_Plan\" title=\"Marshall Plan\">Marshall Plan</a> and participated in the OECD. During most of the post-war era, the country was governed by the <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Social_Democratic_Party\" title=\"Swedish Social Democratic Party\">Swedish Social Democratic Party</a> largely in co-operation with <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Trade_Union_Confederation\" title=\"Swedish Trade Union Confederation\">trade unions</a> and industry. The government actively pursued an internationally competitive manufacturing sector of primarily large corporations.<sup id=\"cite_ref-svensteinmo_65-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-svensteinmo-65\">[64]</a></sup></p>\n<p>Sweden was one of the founding states of the <a href=\"/wiki/European_Free_Trade_Area\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"European Free Trade Area\">European Free Trade Area</a> (EFTA). During the 1960s the EFTA countries were often referred to as the <b>Outer Seven</b>, as opposed to the <a href=\"/wiki/Inner_Six\" title=\"Inner Six\">Inner Six</a> of the then-<a href=\"/wiki/European_Economic_Community\" title=\"European Economic Community\">European Economic Community</a> (EEC).<sup id=\"cite_ref-66\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-66\">[65]</a></sup></p>\n<p>Sweden, like many industrialised countries, entered a period of economic decline and upheaval following the oil embargoes of 1973–74 and 1978–79.<sup id=\"cite_ref-67\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-67\">[66]</a></sup> In the 1980s several key Swedish industries were significantly restructured. Shipbuilding was discontinued, wood pulp was integrated into modernised paper production, the steel industry was concentrated and specialised, and mechanical engineering was robotised.<sup id=\"cite_ref-68\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-68\">[67]</a></sup></p>\n<p>Between 1970 and 1990 the overall tax burden rose by over 10%, and the growth was low compared to other countries in Western Europe. Eventually government began to spend over half of the country's gross domestic product. Sweden GDP per capita ranking declined during this time.<sup id=\"cite_ref-svensteinmo_65-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-svensteinmo-65\">[64]</a></sup></p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Recent_history\">Recent history</span></h3>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">See also: <a href=\"/wiki/History_of_Sweden_(1991%E2%80%93present)\" title=\"History of Sweden (1991–present)\">History of Sweden (1991–present)</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Tratado_de_Lisboa_13_12_2007_(081).jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Tratado_de_Lisboa_13_12_2007_%28081%29.jpg/220px-Tratado_de_Lisboa_13_12_2007_%28081%29.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"131\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Tratado_de_Lisboa_13_12_2007_%28081%29.jpg/330px-Tratado_de_Lisboa_13_12_2007_%28081%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Tratado_de_Lisboa_13_12_2007_%28081%29.jpg/440px-Tratado_de_Lisboa_13_12_2007_%28081%29.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"521\" data-file-height=\"310\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Tratado_de_Lisboa_13_12_2007_(081).jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nSweden joined the European Union in 1995 and signed the <a href=\"/wiki/Lisbon_Treaty\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Lisbon Treaty\">Lisbon Treaty</a> in 2007.</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Fredrik_Reinfeldt,_statsminister_Sverige,_under_Nordiska_radets_session_i_Kopenhamn_2006_(1).jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Fredrik_Reinfeldt%2C_statsminister_Sverige%2C_under_Nordiska_radets_session_i_Kopenhamn_2006_%281%29.jpg/220px-Fredrik_Reinfeldt%2C_statsminister_Sverige%2C_under_Nordiska_radets_session_i_Kopenhamn_2006_%281%29.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"147\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Fredrik_Reinfeldt%2C_statsminister_Sverige%2C_under_Nordiska_radets_session_i_Kopenhamn_2006_%281%29.jpg/330px-Fredrik_Reinfeldt%2C_statsminister_Sverige%2C_under_Nordiska_radets_session_i_Kopenhamn_2006_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Fredrik_Reinfeldt%2C_statsminister_Sverige%2C_under_Nordiska_radets_session_i_Kopenhamn_2006_%281%29.jpg/440px-Fredrik_Reinfeldt%2C_statsminister_Sverige%2C_under_Nordiska_radets_session_i_Kopenhamn_2006_%281%29.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"2973\" data-file-height=\"1982\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Fredrik_Reinfeldt,_statsminister_Sverige,_under_Nordiska_radets_session_i_Kopenhamn_2006_(1).jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\n<a href=\"/wiki/Fredrik_Reinfeldt\" title=\"Fredrik Reinfeldt\">Fredrik Reinfeldt</a>'s center-right government ruled Sweden from 2006 until 2014.</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>A bursting real estate bubble caused by inadequate controls on lending combined with an international recession and a policy switch from anti-unemployment policies to anti-inflationary policies resulted in a fiscal crisis in the early 1990s.<sup id=\"cite_ref-69\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-69\">[68]</a></sup> Sweden's GDP declined by around 5%. In 1992, a run on the currency caused the central bank to briefly increase interest rates to 500%.<sup id=\"cite_ref-70\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-70\">[69]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-71\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-71\">[70]</a></sup></p>\n<p>The response of the government was to cut spending and institute a multitude of reforms to improve Sweden's competitiveness, among them reducing the <a href=\"/wiki/Welfare_state\" title=\"Welfare state\">welfare state</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Privatization\" title=\"Privatization\">privatising</a> public services and goods. Much of the political establishment promoted EU membership, and <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_European_Union_membership_referendum,_1994\" title=\"Swedish European Union membership referendum, 1994\">a referendum</a> passed with 52.3% in favour of joining the EU on 13 November 1994. Sweden joined the <a href=\"/wiki/European_Union\" title=\"European Union\">European Union</a> on 1 January 1995. In a 2003 referendum the Swedish electorate <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_euro_referendum,_2003\" title=\"Swedish euro referendum, 2003\">voted against</a> the country joining the <a href=\"/wiki/European_Monetary_Union\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"European Monetary Union\">Euro</a> currency. In <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_general_election,_2006\" title=\"Swedish general election, 2006\">2006</a> Sweden got its first majority government for decades as the centre-right <a href=\"/wiki/The_Alliance_(Sweden)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"The Alliance (Sweden)\">Alliance</a> defeated the incumbent Social Democrat government. Following the rapid growth of anti-immigration <a href=\"/wiki/Sweden_Democrats\" title=\"Sweden Democrats\">Sweden Democrats</a> and their entrance to the Riksdag in <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_general_election,_2010\" title=\"Swedish general election, 2010\">2010</a> the Alliance became a minority cabinet.</p>\n<p>Sweden remains non-aligned militarily, although it participates in some joint military exercises with NATO and some other countries, in addition to extensive co-operation with other European countries in the area of defence technology and defence industry. Among others, Swedish companies export weapons that were used by the American military in Iraq.<sup id=\"cite_ref-72\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-72\">[71]</a></sup> Sweden also has a long history of participating in international military operations, including most recently, <a href=\"/wiki/Afghanistan\" title=\"Afghanistan\">Afghanistan</a>, where Swedish troops are under NATO command, and in EU sponsored peacekeeping operations in <a href=\"/wiki/Kosovo\" title=\"Kosovo\">Kosovo</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina\" title=\"Bosnia and Herzegovina\">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>, and <a href=\"/wiki/Cyprus\" title=\"Cyprus\">Cyprus</a>. Sweden also participated in <a href=\"/wiki/2011_military_intervention_in_Libya\" title=\"2011 military intervention in Libya\">enforcing</a> a <a href=\"/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1973\" title=\"United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973\">UN mandated no-fly zone</a> over Libya during the <a href=\"/wiki/Arab_Spring\" title=\"Arab Spring\">Arab Spring</a>. Sweden held the chair of the European Union from 1 July to 31 December 2009.</p>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Swedish_PM_Stefan_L%C3%B6fven_meeting_Iranian_Supreme_Leader_Ali_Khamenei_01.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"Stefan's face\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Swedish_PM_Stefan_L%C3%B6fven_meeting_Iranian_Supreme_Leader_Ali_Khamenei_01.jpg/220px-Swedish_PM_Stefan_L%C3%B6fven_meeting_Iranian_Supreme_Leader_Ali_Khamenei_01.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"147\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Swedish_PM_Stefan_L%C3%B6fven_meeting_Iranian_Supreme_Leader_Ali_Khamenei_01.jpg/330px-Swedish_PM_Stefan_L%C3%B6fven_meeting_Iranian_Supreme_Leader_Ali_Khamenei_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Swedish_PM_Stefan_L%C3%B6fven_meeting_Iranian_Supreme_Leader_Ali_Khamenei_01.jpg/440px-Swedish_PM_Stefan_L%C3%B6fven_meeting_Iranian_Supreme_Leader_Ali_Khamenei_01.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"1024\" data-file-height=\"683\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Swedish_PM_Stefan_L%C3%B6fven_meeting_Iranian_Supreme_Leader_Ali_Khamenei_01.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nCurrent prime minister, <a href=\"/wiki/Stefan_L%C3%B6fven\" title=\"Stefan Löfven\">Stefan Löfven</a>, in meeting with <a href=\"/wiki/Ali_Khamenei\" title=\"Ali Khamenei\">Ali Khamenei</a>, Supreme Leader of <a href=\"/wiki/Iran\" title=\"Iran\">Iran</a></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>In recent decades Sweden has become a more culturally diverse nation due to significant immigration; in 2013 it was estimated that 15 per cent of the population was foreign-born, and an additional 5 per cent of the population were born to two immigrant parents. The influx of immigrants has brought new social challenges. Violent incidents have <a href=\"/wiki/Roseng%C3%A5rd#Violence_in_the_Community\" title=\"Rosengård\">periodically occurred</a><sup id=\"cite_ref-73\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-73\">[72]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-74\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-74\">[73]</a></sup> including the <a href=\"/wiki/2013_Stockholm_riots\" title=\"2013 Stockholm riots\">2013 Stockholm riots</a> which broke out following the police shooting of an elderly Portuguese immigrant.<sup id=\"cite_ref-75\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-75\">[74]</a></sup> In response to these violent events, the <a href=\"/wiki/Far-right_politics\" title=\"Far-right politics\">anti-immigration</a> opposition party, the <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Democrats\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Swedish Democrats\">Swedish Democrats</a>, promoted their anti-immigration policies, while the <a href=\"/wiki/Left-wing_politics\" title=\"Left-wing politics\">left-wing</a> opposition blamed growing inequality caused by the <a href=\"/wiki/Centre-right_politics\" title=\"Centre-right politics\">centre-right</a> government's socioeconomic policies.<sup id=\"cite_ref-nytimes_76-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-nytimes-76\">[75]</a></sup></p>\n<p>In 2014, <a href=\"/wiki/Stefan_L%C3%B6fven\" title=\"Stefan Löfven\">Stefan Löfven</a> (Social Democrats) won the General Election and became the new Swedish Prime Minister. The Sweden Democrats held the balance of power and voted the government's budget down in the Riksdag, but due to agreements between the government and the Alliance, the government was able to hang onto power.<sup id=\"cite_ref-77\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-77\">[76]</a></sup> Sweden was heavily affected by the <a href=\"/wiki/2015_European_migrant_crisis\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"2015 European migrant crisis\">2015 European migrant crisis</a>, eventually forcing the government to tighten regulations of entry to the country, as Sweden received thousands of asylum seekers and migrants predominantly from <a href=\"/wiki/Africa\" title=\"Africa\">Africa</a> and the <a href=\"/wiki/Middle_East\" title=\"Middle East\">Middle East</a> per week in autumn, overwhelming existing structures.<sup id=\"cite_ref-78\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-78\">[77]</a></sup></p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Geography\">Geography</span></h2>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/Geography_of_Sweden\" title=\"Geography of Sweden\">Geography of Sweden</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tleft\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Vy_mot_Stora_Sj%C3%B6fallet_fr%C3%A5n_Saltoluokta.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Vy_mot_Stora_Sj%C3%B6fallet_fr%C3%A5n_Saltoluokta.jpg/220px-Vy_mot_Stora_Sj%C3%B6fallet_fr%C3%A5n_Saltoluokta.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"165\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Vy_mot_Stora_Sj%C3%B6fallet_fr%C3%A5n_Saltoluokta.jpg/330px-Vy_mot_Stora_Sj%C3%B6fallet_fr%C3%A5n_Saltoluokta.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Vy_mot_Stora_Sj%C3%B6fallet_fr%C3%A5n_Saltoluokta.jpg/440px-Vy_mot_Stora_Sj%C3%B6fallet_fr%C3%A5n_Saltoluokta.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"2272\" data-file-height=\"1704\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Vy_mot_Stora_Sj%C3%B6fallet_fr%C3%A5n_Saltoluokta.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nView of the <a href=\"/wiki/Stora_Sj%C3%B6fallet_National_Park\" title=\"Stora Sjöfallet National Park\">Stora Sjöfallet National Park</a></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>Situated in Northern Europe, Sweden lies west of the <a href=\"/wiki/Baltic_Sea\" title=\"Baltic Sea\">Baltic Sea</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Gulf_of_Bothnia\" title=\"Gulf of Bothnia\">Gulf of Bothnia</a>, providing a long coastline, and forms the eastern part of the <a href=\"/wiki/Scandinavian_Peninsula\" title=\"Scandinavian Peninsula\">Scandinavian Peninsula</a>. To the west is the <a href=\"/wiki/Scandinavian_mountain_chain\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Scandinavian mountain chain\">Scandinavian mountain chain</a> (Skanderna), a range that separates Sweden from <a href=\"/wiki/Norway\" title=\"Norway\">Norway</a>. Finland is located to its north-east. It has maritime borders with Denmark, Germany, <a href=\"/wiki/Poland\" title=\"Poland\">Poland</a>, Russia, <a href=\"/wiki/Lithuania\" title=\"Lithuania\">Lithuania</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Latvia\" title=\"Latvia\">Latvia</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Estonia\" title=\"Estonia\">Estonia</a>, and it is also linked to Denmark (south-west) by the <a href=\"/wiki/%C3%96resund_Bridge\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Öresund Bridge\">Öresund Bridge</a>. Its border with Norway (<a href=\"/wiki/List_of_countries_and_territories_by_land_borders\" title=\"List of countries and territories by land borders\">1,619 km</a> long) is the longest uninterrupted border within Europe.</p>\n<p>Sweden lies between latitudes <a href=\"/wiki/55th_parallel_north\" title=\"55th parallel north\">55°</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/70th_parallel_north\" title=\"70th parallel north\">70° N</a>, and mostly between longitudes <a href=\"/wiki/11th_meridian_east\" title=\"11th meridian east\">11°</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/25th_meridian_east\" title=\"25th meridian east\">25° E</a> (part of <a href=\"/wiki/Stora_Drammen\" title=\"Stora Drammen\">Stora Drammen</a> island is just west of 11°).</p>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Odarsl%C3%B6vsv%C3%A4gen%E2%80%93flygbild_06_september_2014.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Odarsl%C3%B6vsv%C3%A4gen%E2%80%93flygbild_06_september_2014.jpg/220px-Odarsl%C3%B6vsv%C3%A4gen%E2%80%93flygbild_06_september_2014.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"134\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Odarsl%C3%B6vsv%C3%A4gen%E2%80%93flygbild_06_september_2014.jpg/330px-Odarsl%C3%B6vsv%C3%A4gen%E2%80%93flygbild_06_september_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Odarsl%C3%B6vsv%C3%A4gen%E2%80%93flygbild_06_september_2014.jpg/440px-Odarsl%C3%B6vsv%C3%A4gen%E2%80%93flygbild_06_september_2014.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"3819\" data-file-height=\"2324\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Odarsl%C3%B6vsv%C3%A4gen%E2%80%93flygbild_06_september_2014.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\n<a href=\"/wiki/Scania\" title=\"Scania\">Scania</a> in southern Sweden</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Sand%C3%B6n_February_2013_01.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Sand%C3%B6n_February_2013_01.jpg/220px-Sand%C3%B6n_February_2013_01.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"147\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Sand%C3%B6n_February_2013_01.jpg/330px-Sand%C3%B6n_February_2013_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Sand%C3%B6n_February_2013_01.jpg/440px-Sand%C3%B6n_February_2013_01.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"5389\" data-file-height=\"3597\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Sand%C3%B6n_February_2013_01.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\n<a href=\"/wiki/Sandhamn\" title=\"Sandhamn\">Sandhamn</a> island, <a href=\"/wiki/Stockholm_archipelago\" title=\"Stockholm archipelago\">Stockholm archipelago</a></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>At 449,964 km<sup>2</sup> (173,732 sq mi), Sweden is the 55th-largest country in the world,<sup id=\"cite_ref-79\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-79\">[78]</a></sup> the 4th-<a href=\"/wiki/Area_and_population_of_European_countries\" title=\"Area and population of European countries\">largest country entirely in Europe</a>, and the largest in Northern Europe. The lowest elevation in Sweden is in the bay of Lake Hammarsjön, near <a href=\"/wiki/Kristianstad\" title=\"Kristianstad\">Kristianstad</a>, at −2.41 m (−7.91 ft) below sea level. The highest point is <a href=\"/wiki/Kebnekaise\" title=\"Kebnekaise\">Kebnekaise</a> at 2,111 m (6,926 ft) <a href=\"/wiki/Above_mean_sea_level\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Above mean sea level\">above sea level</a>.</p>\n<p>Sweden has 25 <a href=\"/wiki/Provinces_of_Sweden\" title=\"Provinces of Sweden\">provinces</a> or <i>landskap</i>, based on culture, geography and history. While these provinces serve no political or administrative purpose, they play an important role in people's <a href=\"/wiki/Self-concept\" title=\"Self-concept\">self-identity</a>. The provinces are usually grouped together in three large <i><a href=\"/wiki/Lands_of_Sweden\" title=\"Lands of Sweden\">lands</a></i>, parts, the northern Norrland, the central Svealand and southern Götaland. The sparsely populated Norrland encompasses almost 60% of the country. Sweden also has the <a href=\"/wiki/Vindelfj%C3%A4llens_Nature_Reserve\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Vindelfjällens Nature Reserve\">Vindelfjällen Nature Reserve</a>, one of the largest protected areas in Europe, totaling 562,772 ha (approx. 5,628 km<sup>2</sup>).</p>\n<p>About 15% of Sweden lies north of the <a href=\"/wiki/Arctic_Circle\" title=\"Arctic Circle\">Arctic Circle</a>. Southern Sweden is predominantly agricultural, with increasing forest coverage northward. Around 65% of Sweden's total land area is covered with forests. The highest population density is in the <a href=\"/wiki/%C3%98resund_Region\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Øresund Region\">Öresund Region</a> in southern Sweden, along the western coast up to central Bohuslän, and in the valley of lake <a href=\"/wiki/M%C3%A4laren\" title=\"Mälaren\">Mälaren</a> and Stockholm. Gotland and <a href=\"/wiki/%C3%96land\" title=\"Öland\">Öland</a> are Sweden's largest <a href=\"/wiki/Islands_of_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Islands of Sweden\">islands</a>; <a href=\"/wiki/V%C3%A4nern\" title=\"Vänern\">Vänern</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/V%C3%A4ttern\" title=\"Vättern\">Vättern</a> are its largest lakes. Vänern is the third largest in Europe, after <a href=\"/wiki/Lake_Ladoga\" title=\"Lake Ladoga\">Lake Ladoga</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Lake_Onega\" title=\"Lake Onega\">Lake Onega</a> in Russia. Combined with the third and fourth largest lakes Mälaren and <a href=\"/wiki/Hj%C3%A4lmaren\" title=\"Hjälmaren\">Hjälmaren</a>, these lakes take up a significant part of the southern Sweden's area. Sweden's extensive waterway availability throughout the south was exploited with the building of the <a href=\"/wiki/G%C3%B6ta_Canal\" title=\"Göta Canal\">Göta Canal</a> in the 19th century, shortening the potential distance between the Baltic Sea south of <a href=\"/wiki/Norrk%C3%B6ping\" title=\"Norrköping\">Norrköping</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Gothenburg\" title=\"Gothenburg\">Gothenburg</a> by using the lake and river network to facilitate the canal.<sup id=\"cite_ref-80\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-80\">[79]</a></sup></p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Climate\">Climate</span></h3>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:202px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Sweden_K%C3%B6ppen.svg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Sweden_K%C3%B6ppen.svg/200px-Sweden_K%C3%B6ppen.svg.png\" width=\"200\" height=\"459\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Sweden_K%C3%B6ppen.svg/300px-Sweden_K%C3%B6ppen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Sweden_K%C3%B6ppen.svg/400px-Sweden_K%C3%B6ppen.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"765\" data-file-height=\"1755\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Sweden_K%C3%B6ppen.svg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\n<a href=\"/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification\" title=\"Köppen climate classification\">Köppen climate classification</a> types of Sweden</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>Most of Sweden has a <a href=\"/wiki/Temperate_climate\" title=\"Temperate climate\">temperate climate</a>, despite its northern <a href=\"/wiki/Latitude\" title=\"Latitude\">latitude</a>, with largely four distinct seasons and mild temperatures throughout the year. The winter in the far south is usually weak and is only manifested through some shorter periods with snow and sub-zero temperatures, autumn may well turn into spring there, without a distinct period of winter. The country can be divided into three types of climate: the southernmost part has an <a href=\"/wiki/Oceanic_climate\" title=\"Oceanic climate\">oceanic climate</a>, the central part has a <a href=\"/wiki/Humid_continental_climate\" title=\"Humid continental climate\">humid continental climate</a> and the northernmost part has a <a href=\"/wiki/Subarctic_climate\" title=\"Subarctic climate\">subarctic climate</a>. However, Sweden is much warmer and drier than other places at a similar latitude, and even somewhat farther south, mainly because of the combination of the <a href=\"/wiki/Gulf_Stream\" title=\"Gulf Stream\">Gulf Stream</a><sup id=\"cite_ref-81\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-81\">[80]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-82\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-82\">[81]</a></sup> and the general west wind drift, caused by the direction of planet Earth's rotation. Continental west-coasts (to which all of Scandinavia belongs, as the westernmost part of the <a href=\"/wiki/Eurasia\" title=\"Eurasia\">Eurasian continent</a>), are notably warmer than continental east-coasts ; this can also be seen by comparing e.g. the Canadian cities of <a href=\"/wiki/Vancouver\" title=\"Vancouver\">Vancouver</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Halifax,_Nova_Scotia\" title=\"Halifax, Nova Scotia\">Halifax, Nova Scotia</a> with each other, the winter in west coast Vancouver is much milder ; also, for example, central and southern Sweden has much milder winters than many parts of Russia, Canada, and the northern United States.<sup id=\"cite_ref-83\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-83\">[82]</a></sup> Because of its high latitude, the length of daylight varies greatly. North of the Arctic Circle, the sun never sets for part of each summer, and it never rises for part of each winter. In the capital, <a href=\"/wiki/Stockholm\" title=\"Stockholm\">Stockholm</a>, daylight lasts for more than 18 hours in late June but only around 6 hours in late December. Sweden receives between 1,100 and 1,900 hours of sunshine annually.<sup id=\"cite_ref-84\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-84\">[83]</a></sup> During July there is not much difference in temperature between the north and south of the country. With the exception of in the mountains, the whole country has a July-average temperature within the range of +15.0 C to + 17.5 C (a difference of 2.5 degrees), while the January-average temperatures vary from freezing point down to below −15 C along the border with Finland (a difference of 15 degrees)<sup id=\"cite_ref-85\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-85\">[84]</a></sup></p>\n<div class=\"thumb noresize tnone\" style=\"margin-left: auto; margin-right:auto; overflow:hidden; width:auto; max-width:808px;\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"overflowbugx\" style=\"overflow:auto;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Kebnekaise_Panorama.jpg\" class=\"image\" title=\"The Scandinavian Mountains\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Kebnekaise_Panorama.jpg/800px-Kebnekaise_Panorama.jpg\" width=\"800\" height=\"105\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Kebnekaise_Panorama.jpg/1200px-Kebnekaise_Panorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Kebnekaise_Panorama.jpg/1600px-Kebnekaise_Panorama.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"3136\" data-file-height=\"412\" /></a></div>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Kebnekaise_Panorama.jpg\" title=\"File:Kebnekaise Panorama.jpg\"></a></div>\nThe <a href=\"/wiki/Scandinavian_Mountains\" title=\"Scandinavian Mountains\">Scandinavian Mountains</a></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>The highest temperature ever recorded in Sweden was 38 °C (100 °F) in <a href=\"/wiki/M%C3%A5lilla\" title=\"Målilla\">Målilla</a> in 1947, while the coldest temperature ever recorded was −52.6 °C (−62.7 °F) in <a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Vuoggatj%C3%A5lme&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"Vuoggatjålme (page does not exist)\">Vuoggatjålme</a> in 1966. Temperatures expected in Sweden are heavily influenced by the large Fennoscandian landmass, as well as continental Europe and western Russia, which allows hot or cool inland air to be easily transported to Sweden. That in turn renders most of Sweden's southern areas having warmer summers than almost everywhere in the nearby <a href=\"/wiki/British_Isles\" title=\"British Isles\">British Isles</a>, even matching temperatures found along the continental Atlantic coast as far south as in northern <a href=\"/wiki/Spain\" title=\"Spain\">Spain</a>. In winter however the same high-pressure systems sometimes puts the entire country far below freezing temperatures. There is some maritime moderation from the Atlantic which renders the Swedish continental climate less severe than that of nearby Russia. Even though temperature patterns differ between north and south, the summer climate is surprisingly similar all through the entire country in spite of the large latitudal differences. This is due to the south being surrounded by a greater mass of water, with the wider Baltic Sea and the Atlantic air passing over lowland areas from the south-west.</p>\n<p>Apart from the ice-free Atlantic bringing marine air into Sweden tempering winters, the mildness is further explained by prevailing low-pressure systems postponing winter, with the long nights often staying above freezing in the south of the country due to the abundant cloud cover. By the time winter finally breaks through, daylight hours rise quickly, ensuring that daytime temperatures soar quickly in spring. With the greater number of clear nights, frosts remain commonplace quite far south as late as April. The cold winters occur when low-pressure systems are weaker. An example is that the coldest ever month (January 1987) in Stockholm was also the sunniest January month on record.<sup id=\"cite_ref-86\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-86\">[85]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-87\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-87\">[86]</a></sup></p>\n<p>The relative strength of low and high-pressure systems of marine and continental air also define the highly variable summers. When hot continental air hits the country, the long days and short nights frequently bring temperatures up to 30 °C (86 °F) or above even in coastal areas. Nights normally remain cool, especially in inland areas. Coastal areas can see so-called <i>tropical nights</i> above 20 °C (68 °F) occur due to the moderating sea influence during warmer summers.<sup id=\"cite_ref-88\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-88\">[87]</a></sup> Summers can be cool, especially in the north of the country. Transitional seasons are normally quite extensive and the four-season climate applies to most of Sweden's territory, except in Scania where some years do not record a <a href=\"/wiki/Meteorological_winter\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Meteorological winter\">meteorological winter</a> (see table below) or in the high Lapland mountains where polar microclimates exist.</p>\n<p>On average, most of Sweden receives between 500 and 800 mm (20 and 31 in) of precipitation each year, making it considerably drier than the <a href=\"/wiki/Precipitation_(meteorology)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Precipitation (meteorology)\">global average</a>. The south-western part of the country receives more precipitation, between 1,000 and 1,200 mm (39 and 47 in), and some mountain areas in the north are estimated to receive up to 2,000 mm (79 in). Despite northerly locations, southern and central Sweden may have almost no snow in some winters. Most of Sweden is located in the <a href=\"/wiki/Rain_shadow\" title=\"Rain shadow\">rain shadow</a> of the Scandinavian Mountains through Norway and north-west Sweden. The blocking of cool and wet air in summer as well as the greater landmass leads to warm and dry summers far north in the country, with quite warm summers at the Bothnia Bay coast at 65 degrees latitude, which is unheard of elsewhere in the world at such northerly coastlines.</p>\n<p><b>Swedish Meteorological Institute, SMHI's monthly average temperatures of some of their weather stations – for the latest scientific full prefixed thirty-year period 1961–1990</b> Next will be presented in year 2020. The weather stations are sorted from south towards north by their numbers.</p>\n<table class=\"wikitable\">\n<tr>\n<th>stn.nr.</th>\n<th>station</th>\n<th>Jan</th>\n<th>Feb</th>\n<th>Mar</th>\n<th>Apr</th>\n<th>May</th>\n<th>Jun</th>\n<th>Jul</th>\n<th>Aug</th>\n<th>Sep</th>\n<th>Oct</th>\n<th>Nov</th>\n<th>Dec</th>\n<th><i>Annual</i></th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5337</td>\n<td>Malmö</td>\n<td>0.1</td>\n<td>0.0</td>\n<td>2.2</td>\n<td>6.4</td>\n<td>11.6</td>\n<td>15.8</td>\n<td>17.1</td>\n<td>16.8</td>\n<td>13.6</td>\n<td>9.8</td>\n<td>5.3</td>\n<td>1.9</td>\n<td><i>8.4</i></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6203</td>\n<td>Helsingborg</td>\n<td>0.6</td>\n<td>−0.1</td>\n<td>2.0</td>\n<td>6.0</td>\n<td>11.2</td>\n<td>15.3</td>\n<td>16.7</td>\n<td>16.6</td>\n<td>13.6</td>\n<td>9.9</td>\n<td>5.2</td>\n<td>1.8</td>\n<td><i>8.3</i></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6451</td>\n<td>Växjö</td>\n<td>−2.8</td>\n<td>−2.8</td>\n<td>0.0</td>\n<td>4.7</td>\n<td>10.2</td>\n<td>14.3</td>\n<td>15.3</td>\n<td>14.9</td>\n<td>11.2</td>\n<td>7.0</td>\n<td>2.3</td>\n<td>−1.2</td>\n<td><i>6.1</i></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7839</td>\n<td>Visby</td>\n<td>−0.5</td>\n<td>−1.2</td>\n<td>0.7</td>\n<td>4.1</td>\n<td>9.5</td>\n<td>14.0</td>\n<td>16.4</td>\n<td>16.0</td>\n<td>12.5</td>\n<td>8.6</td>\n<td>4.3</td>\n<td>1.2</td>\n<td><i>7.1</i></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7447</td>\n<td>Jönköping</td>\n<td>−2.6</td>\n<td>−2.7</td>\n<td>0.3</td>\n<td>4.7</td>\n<td>10.0</td>\n<td>14.5</td>\n<td>15.9</td>\n<td>15.0</td>\n<td>11.3</td>\n<td>7.5</td>\n<td>2.8</td>\n<td>−0.7</td>\n<td><i>6.3</i></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7263</td>\n<td>Göteborg</td>\n<td>−0.9</td>\n<td>−0.9</td>\n<td>2.0</td>\n<td>6.0</td>\n<td>11.6</td>\n<td>15.5</td>\n<td>16.6</td>\n<td>16.2</td>\n<td>12.8</td>\n<td>9.1</td>\n<td>4.4</td>\n<td>1.0</td>\n<td><i>7.8</i></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8323</td>\n<td>Skövde</td>\n<td>−2.8</td>\n<td>−2.9</td>\n<td>0.0</td>\n<td>4.6</td>\n<td>10.6</td>\n<td>15.0</td>\n<td>16.2</td>\n<td>15.2</td>\n<td>11.1</td>\n<td>7.1</td>\n<td>2.2</td>\n<td>−1.1</td>\n<td><i>6.3</i></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8634</td>\n<td>Norrköping</td>\n<td>−3.0</td>\n<td>−3.2</td>\n<td>0.0</td>\n<td>4.5</td>\n<td>10.4</td>\n<td>15.1</td>\n<td>16.6</td>\n<td>15.5</td>\n<td>11.3</td>\n<td>7.2</td>\n<td>2.2</td>\n<td>−1.4</td>\n<td><i>6.3</i></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>9516</td>\n<td>Örebro</td>\n<td>−4.0</td>\n<td>−4.0</td>\n<td>−0.5</td>\n<td>4.3</td>\n<td>10.7</td>\n<td>15.3</td>\n<td>16.5</td>\n<td>15.3</td>\n<td>10.9</td>\n<td>6.6</td>\n<td>1.3</td>\n<td>−2.4</td>\n<td><i>5.8</i></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>9720</td>\n<td>Stockholm Bromma</td>\n<td>−3.5</td>\n<td>−3.7</td>\n<td>−0.5</td>\n<td>4.3</td>\n<td>10.4</td>\n<td>15.2</td>\n<td>16.8</td>\n<td>15.8</td>\n<td>11.4</td>\n<td>7.0</td>\n<td>2.0</td>\n<td>−1.8</td>\n<td><i>6.1</i></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>9739</td>\n<td>Stockholm Arlanda</td>\n<td>−4.3</td>\n<td>−4.6</td>\n<td>−1.0</td>\n<td>3.9</td>\n<td>9.9</td>\n<td>14.8</td>\n<td>16.5</td>\n<td>15.2</td>\n<td>10.7</td>\n<td>6.4</td>\n<td>1.2</td>\n<td>−2.6</td>\n<td><i>5.5</i></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10458</td>\n<td>Mora</td>\n<td>−7.4</td>\n<td>−7.2</td>\n<td>−2.4</td>\n<td>2.5</td>\n<td>9.1</td>\n<td>14.1</td>\n<td>15.4</td>\n<td>13.5</td>\n<td>9.3</td>\n<td>4.9</td>\n<td>−1.6</td>\n<td>−6.1</td>\n<td><i>3.7</i></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10740</td>\n<td>Gävle</td>\n<td>−4.8</td>\n<td>−4.5</td>\n<td>−1.0</td>\n<td>3.4</td>\n<td>9.3</td>\n<td>14.6</td>\n<td>16.3</td>\n<td>14.9</td>\n<td>10.6</td>\n<td>6.0</td>\n<td>0.6</td>\n<td>−3.3</td>\n<td><i>5.2</i></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>12724</td>\n<td>Sundsvall</td>\n<td>−7.5</td>\n<td>−6.3</td>\n<td>−2.3</td>\n<td>2.5</td>\n<td>8.2</td>\n<td>13.8</td>\n<td>15.2</td>\n<td>13.8</td>\n<td>9.4</td>\n<td>4.8</td>\n<td>−1.5</td>\n<td>−5.7</td>\n<td><i>3.6</i></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>13410</td>\n<td>Östersund</td>\n<td>−8.9</td>\n<td>−7.6</td>\n<td>−3.5</td>\n<td>1.3</td>\n<td>7.6</td>\n<td>12.5</td>\n<td>13.9</td>\n<td>12.7</td>\n<td>8.2</td>\n<td>3.8</td>\n<td>−2.4</td>\n<td>−6.3</td>\n<td><i>2.6</i></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>14050</td>\n<td>Umeå</td>\n<td>−8.7</td>\n<td>−8.3</td>\n<td>−4.0</td>\n<td>1.4</td>\n<td>7.6</td>\n<td>13.3</td>\n<td>15.6</td>\n<td>13.8</td>\n<td>9.0</td>\n<td>4.0</td>\n<td>−2.3</td>\n<td>−6.4</td>\n<td><i>2.9</i></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>15045</td>\n<td>Skellefteå</td>\n<td>−10.2</td>\n<td>−8.7</td>\n<td>−4.2</td>\n<td>1.2</td>\n<td>7.6</td>\n<td>13.6</td>\n<td>15.7</td>\n<td>13.5</td>\n<td>8.5</td>\n<td>3.2</td>\n<td>−3.4</td>\n<td>−7.5</td>\n<td><i>2.5</i></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>16288</td>\n<td>Luleå</td>\n<td>−12.2</td>\n<td>−11.0</td>\n<td>−6.0</td>\n<td>0.3</td>\n<td>6.6</td>\n<td>13.0</td>\n<td>15.4</td>\n<td>13.3</td>\n<td>8.0</td>\n<td>2.6</td>\n<td>−4.5</td>\n<td>−9.7</td>\n<td><i>1.3</i></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>16395</td>\n<td>Haparanda</td>\n<td>−12.1</td>\n<td>−11.4</td>\n<td>−6.8</td>\n<td>−0.5</td>\n<td>6.1</td>\n<td>12.8</td>\n<td>15.4</td>\n<td>13.2</td>\n<td>8.0</td>\n<td>2.5</td>\n<td>−4.2</td>\n<td>−9.5</td>\n<td><i>1.1</i></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>16988</td>\n<td>Jokkmokk</td>\n<td>−17.5</td>\n<td>−14.9</td>\n<td>−8.6</td>\n<td>−1.1</td>\n<td>5.9</td>\n<td>12.2</td>\n<td>14.3</td>\n<td>11.8</td>\n<td>5.7</td>\n<td>−0.2</td>\n<td>−9.3</td>\n<td>−14.6</td>\n<td><i>-1.4</i></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>17897</td>\n<td>Tarfala (a mountain peak)</td>\n<td>−11.8</td>\n<td>−11.3</td>\n<td>−10.6</td>\n<td>−7.5</td>\n<td>−1.9</td>\n<td>3.2</td>\n<td>6.4</td>\n<td>5.3</td>\n<td>0.8</td>\n<td>−3.9</td>\n<td>−7.9</td>\n<td>−10.7</td>\n<td><i>-4.2</i></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>18076</td>\n<td>Gällivare</td>\n<td>−14.3</td>\n<td>−12.5</td>\n<td>−8.4</td>\n<td>−1.9</td>\n<td>5.0</td>\n<td>11.0</td>\n<td>13.0</td>\n<td>10.7</td>\n<td>5.6</td>\n<td>−0.6</td>\n<td>−8.1</td>\n<td>−12.2</td>\n<td><i>-1.1</i></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>18094</td>\n<td>Kiruna</td>\n<td>−13.9</td>\n<td>−12.5</td>\n<td>−8.7</td>\n<td>−3.2</td>\n<td>3.4</td>\n<td>9.6</td>\n<td>12.0</td>\n<td>9.8</td>\n<td>4.6</td>\n<td>−1.4</td>\n<td>−8.1</td>\n<td>−11.9</td>\n<td><i>-1.7</i></td>\n</tr>\n</table>\n<p><sup id=\"cite_ref-89\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-89\">[88]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-90\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-90\">[89]</a></sup></p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Vegetation\">Vegetation</span></h3>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:302px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Sweden_Vegetation_Zones.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Sweden_Vegetation_Zones.jpg/300px-Sweden_Vegetation_Zones.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"435\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Sweden_Vegetation_Zones.jpg/450px-Sweden_Vegetation_Zones.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Sweden_Vegetation_Zones.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"600\" data-file-height=\"869\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Sweden_Vegetation_Zones.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nMap of Sweden's five major vegetation zones</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>Sweden has a considerable south to north distance (stretching between the <a href=\"/wiki/Latitude\" title=\"Latitude\">latitudes</a> N 55:20:13 and N 69:03:36) which causes large climatic difference, especially during the winter. The related matter of the length and strength of the four seasons plays a role in which plants that <i>naturally</i> can grow at various places. Sweden is divided in five major vegetation zones. These are:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>The southern deciduous forest zone</li>\n<li>The southern coniferous forest zone</li>\n<li>The northern coniferous forest zone, or the <a href=\"/wiki/Taiga\" title=\"Taiga\">Taiga</a></li>\n<li>The alpine-birch zone</li>\n<li>The bare mountain zone</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Please see the map to the right, Vegetation Zones in Sweden.</p>\n<h4><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Southern_deciduous_forest_zone\">Southern deciduous forest zone</span></h4>\n<p>Also known as the nemoral region, the southern deciduous forest zone is a part of a larger vegetation zone which also includes Denmark and large parts of Central Europe. It has to a rather large degree become agricultural areas, but larger and smaller forests still exist. The region is characterised by a large wealth of trees and shrubs. The <a href=\"/wiki/Beech\" title=\"Beech\">beech</a> are the most dominant tree, but <a href=\"/wiki/Oak\" title=\"Oak\">oak</a> can also form smaller forests. <a href=\"/wiki/Elm\" title=\"Elm\">elm</a> at one time formed forests, but have been heavily reduced due to <a href=\"/wiki/Dutch_Elm_disease\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Dutch Elm disease\">Dutch Elm disease</a>. Other important trees and shrubs in this zone include <a href=\"/wiki/Hornbeam\" title=\"Hornbeam\">hornbeam</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Sambucus_nigra\" title=\"Sambucus nigra\">elder</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Corylus_avellana\" title=\"Corylus avellana\">hazel</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Lonicera_xylosteum\" title=\"Lonicera xylosteum\">fly honeysuckle</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Tilia\" title=\"Tilia\">linden (lime)</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Euonymus_europaeus\" title=\"Euonymus europaeus\">spindle</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Taxus_baccata\" title=\"Taxus baccata\">yew</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Alder_buckthorn\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Alder buckthorn\">alder buckthorn</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Blackthorn\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Blackthorn\">blackthorn</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Populus_tremula\" title=\"Populus tremula\">aspen</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/European_rowan\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"European rowan\">European rowan</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_whitebeam\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Swedish whitebeam\">Swedish whitebeam</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Juniperus_communis\" title=\"Juniperus communis\">juniper</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/European_holly\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"European holly\">European holly</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Hedera_helix\" title=\"Hedera helix\">ivy</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Cornus_sanguinea\" title=\"Cornus sanguinea\">dogwood</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Goat_willow\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Goat willow\">goat willow</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Larix_decidua\" title=\"Larix decidua\">larch</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Prunus_padus\" title=\"Prunus padus\">bird cherry</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Prunus_avium\" title=\"Prunus avium\">wild cherry</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Maple\" title=\"Maple\">maple</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Fraxinus_excelsior\" title=\"Fraxinus excelsior\">ash</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Alder\" title=\"Alder\">alder</a> along creeks, and in sandy soil <a href=\"/wiki/Birch\" title=\"Birch\">birch</a> compete with <a href=\"/wiki/Pine\" title=\"Pine\">pine</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-91\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-91\">[90]</a></sup> <a href=\"/wiki/Spruce\" title=\"Spruce\">Spruce</a> is not native but between approximately 1870 and 1980 large areas were planted with it.<sup id=\"cite_ref-92\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-92\">[91]</a></sup> They tend to grow too quickly due to being outside of their native range<sup id=\"cite_ref-93\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-93\">[92]</a></sup> and large distances between the tree rings cause poor board quality.<sup id=\"cite_ref-94\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-94\">[93]</a></sup> Later some spruce trees began to die before reaching optimal height, and many more of the coniferous trees were uprooted during cyclones.<sup id=\"cite_ref-95\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-95\">[94]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-96\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-96\">[95]</a></sup> During the last 40–50 years large areas of former spruce plantings have been replanted with deciduous forest.<sup id=\"cite_ref-97\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-97\">[96]</a></sup></p>\n<h4><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Southern_coniferous_forest_zone\">Southern coniferous forest zone</span></h4>\n<p>Also known as the boreo-nemoral region, the southern coniferous forest zone, is delimited by the <a href=\"/wiki/Oak\" title=\"Oak\">oak</a>'s northern natural limit (<i>limes norrlandicus</i>) and the <a href=\"/wiki/Spruce\" title=\"Spruce\">Spruce</a>'s southern natural limit,<sup id=\"cite_ref-98\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-98\">[97]</a></sup> between the southern deciduous zone and the <a href=\"/wiki/Taiga\" title=\"Taiga\">Taiga</a> farther north. In the southern parts of this zone the coniferous species are found, mainly <a href=\"/wiki/Spruce\" title=\"Spruce\">spruce</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Pine\" title=\"Pine\">pine</a>, mixed with various deciduous trees. <a href=\"/wiki/Birch\" title=\"Birch\">Birch</a> grows largely everywhere. The <a href=\"/wiki/Beech\" title=\"Beech\">beech</a>'s northern boundary crosses this zone. This is however not the case with <a href=\"/wiki/Oak\" title=\"Oak\">oak</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Fraxinus_excelsior\" title=\"Fraxinus excelsior\">ash</a>. Although in its natural area, also <i>planted</i> Spruce are common, and such woods are very dense, as the spruces can grow very tight, especially in this vegetation zone's southern areas.</p>\n<h4><span id=\"Northern_coniferous_forest_zone.2C_or_the_Taiga\"></span><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Northern_coniferous_forest_zone,_or_the_Taiga\">Northern coniferous forest zone, or the <a href=\"/wiki/Taiga\" title=\"Taiga\">Taiga</a></span></h4>\n<p>The northern coniferous forest zone begins north of the natural boundary of the <a href=\"/wiki/Oak\" title=\"Oak\">oak</a>. Of deciduous species the <a href=\"/wiki/Birch\" title=\"Birch\">birch</a> is the only one of significance. <a href=\"/wiki/Pine\" title=\"Pine\">Pine</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Spruce\" title=\"Spruce\">spruce</a> are dominant, but the forests are slowly but surely more sparsely grown the farther towards the north it gets. In the extreme north is it difficult to state the trees forms true forests at all, due to the large distances between the trees.</p>\n<h4><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Alpine-birch_and_bare_mountain_zones\">Alpine-birch and bare mountain zones</span></h4>\n<p>The alpine-birch zone, in the Scandinavian mountains, depending on both latitude and altitude, is an area where only a smaller kind of <a href=\"/wiki/Birch\" title=\"Birch\">birch</a> (<i>Betula pubescens</i> or <i>B.tortuosa</i>) can grow. Where this vegetation zone ends no trees grow at all: the bare mountain zone.<sup id=\"cite_ref-99\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-99\">[98]</a></sup></p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Politics\">Politics</span></h2>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Constitutional_framework\">Constitutional framework</span></h3>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/Politics_of_Sweden\" title=\"Politics of Sweden\">Politics of Sweden</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:King_Carl_XVI_Gustaf_at_National_Day_2009.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/King_Carl_XVI_Gustaf_at_National_Day_2009.jpg/220px-King_Carl_XVI_Gustaf_at_National_Day_2009.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"220\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/King_Carl_XVI_Gustaf_at_National_Day_2009.jpg/330px-King_Carl_XVI_Gustaf_at_National_Day_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/King_Carl_XVI_Gustaf_at_National_Day_2009.jpg/440px-King_Carl_XVI_Gustaf_at_National_Day_2009.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"3433\" data-file-height=\"3433\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:King_Carl_XVI_Gustaf_at_National_Day_2009.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\n<a href=\"/wiki/Carl_XVI_Gustaf_of_Sweden\" title=\"Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden\">Carl XVI Gustaf</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Monarchy_of_Sweden\" title=\"Monarchy of Sweden\">King of Sweden</a> since 15 September 1973.<sup id=\"cite_ref-H.M._King_Carl_XVI_Gustaf_100-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-H.M._King_Carl_XVI_Gustaf-100\">[99]</a></sup></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>Sweden has four fundamental laws (<a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_language\" title=\"Swedish language\">Swedish</a>: <i><span lang=\"sv\">grundlagar</span></i>) which together forms the <a href=\"/wiki/Constitution_of_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Constitution of Sweden\">Constitution</a>: the Instrument of Government (<a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_language\" title=\"Swedish language\">Swedish</a>: <i><span lang=\"sv\">Regeringsformen</span></i>), the <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Act_of_Succession\" title=\"Swedish Act of Succession\">Act of Succession</a> (<a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_language\" title=\"Swedish language\">Swedish</a>: <i><span lang=\"sv\">Successionsordningen</span></i>), the Freedom of the Press Act (<a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_language\" title=\"Swedish language\">Swedish</a>: <i><span lang=\"sv\">Tryckfrihetsförordningen</span></i>), and the Fundamental Law on Freedom of Expression (<a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_language\" title=\"Swedish language\">Swedish</a>: <i><span lang=\"sv\">Yttrandefrihetsgrundlagen</span></i>).<sup id=\"cite_ref-The_Constitution_101-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-The_Constitution-101\">[100]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-Petersson:38-40_102-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Petersson:38-40-102\">[101]</a></sup></p>\n<p>The public sector in Sweden is divided into two parts: the <a href=\"/wiki/Legal_person\" title=\"Legal person\">legal person</a> known as the State (<a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_language\" title=\"Swedish language\">Swedish</a>: <i><span lang=\"sv\">staten</span></i>)<sup id=\"cite_ref-103\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-103\">[b]</a></sup> and local authorities:<sup id=\"cite_ref-104\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-104\">[c]</a></sup> the latter includes regional <a href=\"/wiki/County_councils_of_Sweden\" title=\"County councils of Sweden\">County Councils</a> (<a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_language\" title=\"Swedish language\">Swedish</a>: <i><span lang=\"sv\">landsting</span></i>) and local <a href=\"/wiki/Municipalities_of_Sweden\" title=\"Municipalities of Sweden\">Municipalities</a> (<a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_language\" title=\"Swedish language\">Swedish</a>: <i><span lang=\"sv\">kommuner</span></i>).<sup id=\"cite_ref-Larsson_&_Bäck:16-18_105-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Larsson_&_Bäck:16-18-105\">[102]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-Larsson_&_Bäck:212-215_106-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Larsson_&_Bäck:212-215-106\">[103]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-Petersson:92_107-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Petersson:92-107\">[104]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-Petersson:174_108-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Petersson:174-108\">[105]</a></sup> The local authorities, rather than the State, make up the larger part of the public sector in Sweden.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Petersson:79_109-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Petersson:79-109\">[106]</a></sup> County Councils and Municipalities are independent of one another, the former merely covers a larger geographical area than the latter.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Petersson:79_109-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Petersson:79-109\">[106]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-Larsson_&_Bäck:210_110-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Larsson_&_Bäck:210-110\">[107]</a></sup> The local authorities have self-rule, as mandated by the Constitution, and their own tax base.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Larsson_&_Bäck:212-215_106-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Larsson_&_Bäck:212-215-106\">[103]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-Petersson:79-82_111-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Petersson:79-82-111\">[108]</a></sup> Notwithstanding their self-rule, local authorities are nevertheless in practice interdependent upon the State, as the parameters of their responsibilities and the extent of their jurisdiction is specified in the Local Government Act (<a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_language\" title=\"Swedish language\">Swedish</a>: <i><span lang=\"sv\">Kommunallagen</span></i>) passed by the <a href=\"/wiki/Riksdag\" title=\"Riksdag\">Riksdag</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Larsson_&_Bäck:212-215_106-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Larsson_&_Bäck:212-215-106\">[103]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-Petersson:80-82_112-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Petersson:80-82-112\">[109]</a></sup></p>\n<p>Sweden is a <a href=\"/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy\" title=\"Constitutional monarchy\">constitutional monarchy</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Monarchy_of_Sweden\" title=\"Monarchy of Sweden\">King</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Carl_XVI_Gustaf\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Carl XVI Gustaf\">Carl XVI Gustaf</a> is the <a href=\"/wiki/Head_of_state\" title=\"Head of state\">head of state</a>, but the role of the monarch is limited to ceremonial and representative functions.<sup id=\"cite_ref-113\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-113\">[110]</a></sup> Under the provisions of the 1974 Instrument of Government, the King lacks any formal political power.<sup id=\"cite_ref-The_Instrument_of_Government_114-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-The_Instrument_of_Government-114\">[111]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-The_Head_of_State_115-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-The_Head_of_State-115\">[112]</a></sup> The King opens the annual Riksdag session, chairs the Special Council held during a change of Government, holds regular Information Councils with the Prime Minister and the Government, chairs the meetings of the <i>Advisory Council on Foreign Affairs</i> (<a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_language\" title=\"Swedish language\">Swedish</a>: <i><span lang=\"sv\">Utrikesnämnden</span></i>), and receives <a href=\"/wiki/Letters_of_Credence\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Letters of Credence\">Letters of Credence</a> of foreign ambassadors to Sweden and signs those of Swedish ambassadors sent abroad.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Duties_of_the_Monarch_116-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Duties_of_the_Monarch-116\">[113]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-A_new_government_is_formed_117-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-A_new_government_is_formed-117\">[114]</a></sup> In addition, the King pays <a href=\"/wiki/List_of_state_visits_made_by_King_Carl_XVI_Gustaf_of_Sweden\" title=\"List of state visits made by King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden\">State Visits abroad</a> and receives those incoming as host.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Duties_of_the_Monarch_116-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Duties_of_the_Monarch-116\">[113]</a></sup> Apart from strictly official duties, the King and the other members of <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Royal_Family\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Swedish Royal Family\">Royal Family</a> undertake a variety of unofficial and other representative duties within Sweden and abroad.<sup id=\"cite_ref-118\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-118\">[115]</a></sup></p>\n<p><a href=\"/wiki/Legislative_power\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Legislative power\">Legislative power</a> is vested in the <a href=\"/wiki/Unicameral\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Unicameral\">unicameral</a> Riksdag with 349 members. <a href=\"/wiki/Elections_in_Sweden\" title=\"Elections in Sweden\">General elections</a> are held every four years, on the second Sunday of September. Legislation may be initiated by the Government or by members of the Riksdag. Members are elected on the basis of <a href=\"/wiki/Proportional_representation\" title=\"Proportional representation\">proportional representation</a> to a four-year term. The internal workings of the Riksdag is, in addition to the Instrument of Government, regulated by the Riksdag Act (<a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_language\" title=\"Swedish language\">Swedish</a>: <i><span lang=\"sv\">Riksdagsordningen</span></i>).<sup id=\"cite_ref-The_Riksdag_Act_–_almost_a_fundamental_law_119-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-The_Riksdag_Act_–_almost_a_fundamental_law-119\">[116]</a></sup> The fundamental laws can be altered by the Riksdag alone; only an absolute majority with two separate votes, separated by a general election in between, is required.<sup id=\"cite_ref-The_Constitution_101-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-The_Constitution-101\">[100]</a></sup></p>\n<div class=\"thumb tleft\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:252px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Rosenbad_2006.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Rosenbad_2006.jpg/250px-Rosenbad_2006.jpg\" width=\"250\" height=\"188\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Rosenbad_2006.jpg/375px-Rosenbad_2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Rosenbad_2006.jpg/500px-Rosenbad_2006.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"2560\" data-file-height=\"1920\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Rosenbad_2006.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\n<a href=\"/wiki/Rosenbad\" title=\"Rosenbad\">Rosenbad</a>, in central <a href=\"/wiki/Stockholm\" title=\"Stockholm\">Stockholm</a>, has been the seat of the Government since 1981.<sup id=\"cite_ref-The_Swedish_Government_Offices_–_a_historical_perspective_120-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-The_Swedish_Government_Offices_–_a_historical_perspective-120\">[117]</a></sup></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>The <a href=\"/wiki/Government_of_Sweden\" title=\"Government of Sweden\">Government</a> (<a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_language\" title=\"Swedish language\">Swedish</a>: <i><span lang=\"sv\">Regeringen</span></i>) operates as a <a href=\"/wiki/Cabinet_collective_responsibility\" title=\"Cabinet collective responsibility\">collegial body with collective responsibility</a> and consists of the <a href=\"/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Sweden\" title=\"Prime Minister of Sweden\">Prime Minister</a> — appointed and dismissed by the <a href=\"/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Riksdag\" title=\"Speaker of the Riksdag\">Speaker of the Riksdag</a> (following an actual vote in the Riksdag before an appointment can be made) — and other <a href=\"/wiki/Cabinet_minister\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Cabinet minister\">cabinet ministers</a> (<a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_language\" title=\"Swedish language\">Swedish</a>: <i><span lang=\"sv\">Statsråd</span></i>), appointed and dismissed at the sole discretion of the Prime Minister.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Forming_a_government_121-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Forming_a_government-121\">[118]</a></sup> The Government is the supreme executive authority and is <a href=\"/wiki/Parliamentary_system\" title=\"Parliamentary system\">responsible for its actions to the Riksdag</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-IG_122-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-IG-122\">[119]</a></sup></p>\n<p>Most of the State administrative authorities (<a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_language\" title=\"Swedish language\">Swedish</a>: <i><span lang=\"sv\">statliga förvaltningsmyndigheter</span></i>) report to the Government, including (but not limited to) the <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Armed_Forces\" title=\"Swedish Armed Forces\">Armed Forces</a>, the <a href=\"/wiki/Enforcement_Authority\" title=\"Enforcement Authority\">Enforcement Authority</a>, the <a href=\"/wiki/National_Library_of_Sweden\" title=\"National Library of Sweden\">National Library</a>, the <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_police\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Swedish police\">Swedish police</a> and the <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Tax_Agency\" title=\"Swedish Tax Agency\">Tax Agency</a>. A unique feature of Swedish State administration is that individual cabinet ministers <i>do not bear any</i> <a href=\"/wiki/Individual_ministerial_responsibility\" title=\"Individual ministerial responsibility\">individual ministerial responsibility</a> for the performance of the agencies within their portfolio; as the <a href=\"/wiki/Director-General#Sweden\" title=\"Director-General\">director-generals</a> and other heads of government agencies reports directly to the Government as a whole; and individual ministers are prohibited to interfere; thus the origin of the pejorative in Swedish political parlance term <i><a href=\"/wiki/Ministerstyre\" title=\"Ministerstyre\">ministerstyre</a></i> (English: \"ministerial rule\") in matters that are to be handled by the individual agencies, unless otherwise specifically provided for in law.</p>\n<p>The <a href=\"/wiki/Judiciary_of_Sweden\" title=\"Judiciary of Sweden\">Judiciary</a> is independent from the Riksdag, Government and other State administrative authorities.<sup id=\"cite_ref-The_Swedish_courts_123-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-The_Swedish_courts-123\">[120]</a></sup> The role of <a href=\"/wiki/Judicial_review\" title=\"Judicial review\">judicial review</a> of legislation is not practised by the courts; instead, the <a href=\"/wiki/Council_on_Legislation_(Sweden)\" title=\"Council on Legislation (Sweden)\">Council on Legislation</a> gives non-binding opinions on legality.<sup id=\"cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerrill2009243_124-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerrill2009243-124\">[121]</a></sup> There is no <a href=\"/wiki/Stare_decisis\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Stare decisis\">stare decisis</a> in that courts are not bound by <a href=\"/wiki/Precedent\" title=\"Precedent\">precedent</a>, although it is influential.<sup id=\"cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerrill2009246_125-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-FOOTNOTETerrill2009246-125\">[122]</a></sup></p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Political_parties_and_elections\">Political parties and elections</span></h3>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Riksdag.ipred_b9dn510_4451.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Riksdag.ipred_b9dn510_4451.jpg/220px-Riksdag.ipred_b9dn510_4451.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"145\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Riksdag.ipred_b9dn510_4451.jpg/330px-Riksdag.ipred_b9dn510_4451.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Riksdag.ipred_b9dn510_4451.jpg/440px-Riksdag.ipred_b9dn510_4451.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"3028\" data-file-height=\"2002\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Riksdag.ipred_b9dn510_4451.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nThe <a href=\"/wiki/Riksdag\" title=\"Riksdag\">Riksdag</a> chamber, at the time of a vote, in 2009</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>The Swedish Social Democratic Party has played a leading role in Swedish politics since 1917, after the <a href=\"/wiki/Democratic_socialism\" title=\"Democratic socialism\">Reformists</a> had confirmed their strength and the <a href=\"/wiki/Left_Party_(Sweden)\" title=\"Left Party (Sweden)\">left-wing revolutionaries</a> formed their own party. After 1932, most governments have been <a href=\"/wiki/Dominant-party_system#Europe\" title=\"Dominant-party system\">dominated</a> by the Social Democrats. Only five general elections since World War II—<a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_general_election,_1976\" title=\"Swedish general election, 1976\">1976</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_general_election,_1979\" title=\"Swedish general election, 1979\">1979</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_general_election,_1991\" title=\"Swedish general election, 1991\">1991</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_general_election,_2006\" title=\"Swedish general election, 2006\">2006</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_general_election,_2010\" title=\"Swedish general election, 2010\">2010</a>—have given the assembled bloc of centre-right parties enough seats in the Riksdag to form a government.</p>\n<p>For over 50 years, Sweden had had five parties who continually received enough votes to gain seats in the Riksdag—the Social Democrats, the <a href=\"/wiki/Moderate_Party\" title=\"Moderate Party\">Moderate Party</a>, the <a href=\"/wiki/Centre_Party_(Sweden)\" title=\"Centre Party (Sweden)\">Centre Party</a>, the <a href=\"/wiki/Liberal_People%27s_Party_(Sweden)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Liberal People's Party (Sweden)\">Liberal People's Party</a> and the Left Party—before the <a href=\"/wiki/Green_Party_(Sweden)\" title=\"Green Party (Sweden)\">Green Party</a> became the sixth party in the <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_general_election,_1988\" title=\"Swedish general election, 1988\">1988 election</a>. In the 1991 election, while the Greens lost their seats, two new parties gained seats for the first time: the <a href=\"/wiki/Christian_Democrats_(Sweden)\" title=\"Christian Democrats (Sweden)\">Christian Democrats</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/New_Democracy_(Sweden)\" title=\"New Democracy (Sweden)\">New Democracy</a>. The <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_general_election,_1994\" title=\"Swedish general election, 1994\">1994 election</a> saw the return of the Greens and the demise of New Democracy. It was not until elections in 2010 that an eighth party, the <a href=\"/wiki/Sweden_Democrats\" title=\"Sweden Democrats\">Sweden Democrats</a>, gained Riksdag seats. In the elections to the <a href=\"/wiki/European_Parliament\" title=\"European Parliament\">European Parliament</a>, parties who have failed to pass the Riksdag threshold have managed to gain representation at that venue: the <a href=\"/wiki/June_List\" title=\"June List\">June List</a> (<a href=\"/wiki/European_Parliament_election,_2004_(Sweden)\" title=\"European Parliament election, 2004 (Sweden)\">2004–2009</a>), the <a href=\"/wiki/Pirate_Party_(Sweden)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Pirate Party (Sweden)\">Pirate Party</a> (<a href=\"/wiki/European_Parliament_election,_2009_(Sweden)\" title=\"European Parliament election, 2009 (Sweden)\">2009–2014</a>), and <a href=\"/wiki/Feminist_Initiative_(Sweden)\" title=\"Feminist Initiative (Sweden)\">Feminist Initiative</a> (<a href=\"/wiki/European_Parliament_election,_2014_(Sweden)\" title=\"European Parliament election, 2014 (Sweden)\">2014–present</a>).</p>\n<div class=\"thumb tleft\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Inf%C3%B6r_slutdebatten_i_SVT.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Inf%C3%B6r_slutdebatten_i_SVT.jpg/220px-Inf%C3%B6r_slutdebatten_i_SVT.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"142\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Inf%C3%B6r_slutdebatten_i_SVT.jpg/330px-Inf%C3%B6r_slutdebatten_i_SVT.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Inf%C3%B6r_slutdebatten_i_SVT.jpg/440px-Inf%C3%B6r_slutdebatten_i_SVT.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"1280\" data-file-height=\"828\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Inf%C3%B6r_slutdebatten_i_SVT.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nThe party leaders lined up before the start of the <a href=\"/wiki/Sveriges_Television\" title=\"Sveriges Television\">televised</a> live debate on 12 September 2014.</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>In the <a href=\"/wiki/Sweden_general_election,_2006\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Sweden general election, 2006\">2006 general election</a> the Moderate Party formed the centre-right <a href=\"/wiki/Alliance_for_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Alliance for Sweden\">Alliance for Sweden</a> bloc and won a majority of the Riksdag seats. In the <a href=\"/wiki/Sweden_general_election,_2010\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Sweden general election, 2010\">2010 general election</a> the Alliance contended against a unified left block consisting of the Social Democrats, the Greens and the Left Party.<sup id=\"cite_ref-126\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-126\">[123]</a></sup> The Alliance won a plurality of 173 seats, but remained two seats short of a 175-seat majority. Nevertheless, neither the Alliance, nor the left block, chose to form a coalition with the Sweden Democrats.<sup id=\"cite_ref-127\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-127\">[124]</a></sup></p>\n<p>The outcome of the <a href=\"/wiki/Sweden_general_election,_2014\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Sweden general election, 2014\">2014 general election</a> resulted in the attainment of more seats by the three centre-left parties in comparison to the centre-right Alliance for Sweden, with the two blocs receiving 159 and 141 seats respectively.<sup id=\"cite_ref-2014_Election_Result_128-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-2014_Election_Result-128\">[125]</a></sup> The non-aligned Sweden Democrats more than doubled their support and won the remaining 49 seats.<sup id=\"cite_ref-2014_Election_Result_128-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-2014_Election_Result-128\">[125]</a></sup> On 3 October 2014, Stefan Löfven, formed a <a href=\"/wiki/Minority_government\" title=\"Minority government\">minority government</a> consisting of the <a href=\"/wiki/L%C3%B6fven_Cabinet\" title=\"Löfven Cabinet\">Social Democrats and the Greens</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Sweden's_new_Government_129-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Sweden's_new_Government-129\">[126]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-Change_of_Government_Council_at_the_Royal_Palace_of_Stockholm_130-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Change_of_Government_Council_at_the_Royal_Palace_of_Stockholm-130\">[127]</a></sup></p>\n<p>Election turnout in Sweden has always been high by international comparison. Although it declined in recent decades, the latest elections saw an increase in voter turnout (80.11% in <a href=\"/wiki/Sweden_general_election,_2002\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Sweden general election, 2002\">2002</a>, 81.99% in 2006, 84.63% in 2010) and 85.81 in <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_general_election,_2014\" title=\"Swedish general election, 2014\">2014</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-131\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-131\">[128]</a></sup> Swedish politicians enjoyed a high degree of confidence from the citizens in the 1960s, However, that level of confidence has since declined steadily, and is now at a markedly lower level than in its Scandinavian neighbours.<sup id=\"cite_ref-132\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-132\">[129]</a></sup></p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Administrative_divisions\">Administrative divisions</span></h3>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main articles: <a href=\"/wiki/Counties_of_Sweden\" title=\"Counties of Sweden\">Counties of Sweden</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Municipalities_of_Sweden\" title=\"Municipalities of Sweden\">Municipalities of Sweden</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:172px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:SWE-Map_Kommuner2007.svg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/SWE-Map_Kommuner2007.svg/170px-SWE-Map_Kommuner2007.svg.png\" width=\"170\" height=\"383\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/SWE-Map_Kommuner2007.svg/255px-SWE-Map_Kommuner2007.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/SWE-Map_Kommuner2007.svg/340px-SWE-Map_Kommuner2007.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"290\" data-file-height=\"654\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:SWE-Map_Kommuner2007.svg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nMunicipal divisions of Sweden</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>Sweden is a <a href=\"/wiki/Unitary_state\" title=\"Unitary state\">unitary state</a> divided into 21 county councils (<i>landsting</i>) and 290 municipalities (<i>kommuner</i>). Every county council corresponds to a <a href=\"/wiki/Counties_of_Sweden\" title=\"Counties of Sweden\">county</a> (<i>län</i>) with a number of municipalities per county. County councils and municipalities have different roles and separate responsibilities relating to local government. Health care, public transport and certain cultural institutions are administered by county councils. Preschools, primary and secondary schooling, public water utilities, garbage disposal, elderly care and rescue services are administered by the municipalities. Gotland is a special case of being a county council with only one municipality and the functions of county council and municipality are performed by the same organisation.<sup id=\"cite_ref-133\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-133\">[130]</a></sup></p>\n<p>Municipal and county council government in Sweden is similar to <a href=\"/wiki/City_commission_government\" title=\"City commission government\">city commission</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Cabinet-style_council\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Cabinet-style council\">cabinet-style council</a> government. Both levels have legislative assemblies (<a href=\"/wiki/Municipal_council_(Sweden)\" title=\"Municipal council (Sweden)\">municipal councils</a> and <a href=\"/w/index.php?title=County_council_assembly&action=edit&redlink=1\" class=\"new\" title=\"County council assembly (page does not exist)\">county council assemblies</a>) of between 31 and 101 members (always an uneven number) that are elected from <a href=\"/wiki/Party-list_proportional_representation\" title=\"Party-list proportional representation\">party-list proportional representation</a> at the general election which are held every four years in conjunction with the national parliamentary elections.</p>\n<p>Municipalities are also divided into a total of 2,512 <a href=\"/wiki/Parishes_of_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Parishes of Sweden\">parishes</a> (<i>församlingar</i>). These have no official political responsibilities but are traditional subdivisions of the <a href=\"/wiki/Church_of_Sweden\" title=\"Church of Sweden\">Church of Sweden</a> and still have some importance as census districts for census-taking and elections.</p>\n<p>The Swedish government has 21 <a href=\"/wiki/County_Administrative_Boards_of_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"County Administrative Boards of Sweden\">County Administrative Boards</a> (<a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_language\" title=\"Swedish language\">Swedish</a>: <i><span lang=\"sv\">länsstyrelser</span></i>), which are responsible for regional state administration not assigned to other government agencies or local government. Each county administrative boards is led by a <a href=\"/wiki/County_governors_of_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"County governors of Sweden\">County Governor</a> (<a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_language\" title=\"Swedish language\">Swedish</a>: <i><span lang=\"sv\">landshövding</span></i>) appointed for a term of six years. The list of previous officeholders for the counties stretches back, in most cases, to 1634 when the counties were created by <a href=\"/wiki/Lord_High_Chancellor_of_Sweden\" title=\"Lord High Chancellor of Sweden\">Lord High Chancellor</a> Count <a href=\"/wiki/Axel_Oxenstierna\" title=\"Axel Oxenstierna\">Axel Oxenstierna</a>. The main responsibility of the County Administrative Board is to co-ordinate the development of the county in line with goals set by the Riksdag and Government.</p>\n<p>There are older historical divisions, primarily the twenty-five provinces and three lands, which still retain cultural significance.</p>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Further information: <a href=\"/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Subdivisions of Sweden\">Subdivisions of Sweden</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/National_Areas_of_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"National Areas of Sweden\">National Areas of Sweden</a></div>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Political_history\">Political history</span></h3>\n<div class=\"thumb tleft\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Scandinavia-12th_century.png\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Scandinavia-12th_century.png/220px-Scandinavia-12th_century.png\" width=\"220\" height=\"260\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Scandinavia-12th_century.png/330px-Scandinavia-12th_century.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Scandinavia-12th_century.png/440px-Scandinavia-12th_century.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1650\" data-file-height=\"1950\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Scandinavia-12th_century.png\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nKingdoms of <a href=\"/wiki/Swedes_(Germanic_tribe)\" title=\"Swedes (Germanic tribe)\">Svear</a> (Sweonas) and <a href=\"/wiki/G%C3%B6tar\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Götar\">Götar</a> (Geats) in the 12th century, with modern borders in grey</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>The actual age of the kingdom of Sweden is unknown.<sup id=\"cite_ref-sh_134-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-sh-134\">[131]</a></sup> Establishing the age depends mostly on whether Sweden should be considered a nation when the <i>Svear</i> (Sweonas) ruled Svealand or if the emergence of the nation started with the <i>Svear</i> and the <i><a href=\"/wiki/G%C3%B6tar\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Götar\">Götar</a></i> (Geats) of Götaland being united under one ruler. In the first case, Svealand was first mentioned as having one single ruler in the year 98 by Tacitus, but it is almost impossible to know for how long it had been this way. However, historians usually start the line of <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_monarchs\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Swedish monarchs\">Swedish monarchs</a> from when Svealand and Götaland were ruled under the same king, namely Eric the Victorious (Geat) and his son <a href=\"/wiki/Olof_Sk%C3%B6tkonung\" title=\"Olof Skötkonung\">Olof Skötkonung</a> in the 10th century. These events are often described as the <a href=\"/wiki/Consolidation_of_Sweden\" title=\"Consolidation of Sweden\">consolidation of Sweden</a>, although substantial areas were conquered and incorporated later.</p>\n<p>Earlier kings, for which no reliable historical sources exist, can be read about in <a href=\"/wiki/Mythical_kings_of_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Mythical kings of Sweden\">mythical kings of Sweden</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Semi-legendary_kings_of_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Semi-legendary kings of Sweden\">semi-legendary kings of Sweden</a>. Many of these kings are only mentioned in various <a href=\"/wiki/Norse_sagas\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Norse sagas\">saga</a> and blend with Norse mythology.</p>\n<p>The title <i>Sveriges och Götes Konung</i> was last used for <a href=\"/wiki/Gustaf_I_of_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Gustaf I of Sweden\">Gustaf I of Sweden</a>, after which the title became \"<a href=\"/wiki/Kings_of_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Kings of Sweden\">King of Sweden</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/King_of_the_Goths\" title=\"King of the Goths\">of the Goths</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/King_of_the_Wends\" title=\"King of the Wends\">of the Wends</a>\" (<i>Sveriges, Götes och Vendes Konung</i>) in official documentation. Up until the beginning of the 1920s, all laws in Sweden were introduced with the words, \"We, the king of Sweden, of the Goths and Wends\". This title was used up until 1973.<sup id=\"cite_ref-135\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-135\">[132]</a></sup> The present King of Sweden, Carl XVI Gustaf, was the first monarch officially proclaimed \"King of Sweden\" (<i>Sveriges Konung</i>) with no additional peoples mentioned in his title.</p>\n<p>The term <i>riksdag</i> was used for the first time in the 1540s, although the first meeting where representatives of different social groups were called to discuss and determine affairs affecting the country as a whole took place as early as 1435, in the town of <a href=\"/wiki/Arboga\" title=\"Arboga\">Arboga</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Riksdagen_136-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Riksdagen-136\">[133]</a></sup> During the <a href=\"/wiki/Riksdag_of_the_Estates\" title=\"Riksdag of the Estates\">Riksdag assemblies</a> of 1527 and 1544, under King <a href=\"/wiki/Gustav_Vasa\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Gustav Vasa\">Gustav Vasa</a>, representatives of all four <a href=\"/wiki/Estates_of_the_realm\" title=\"Estates of the realm\">estates of the realm</a> (clergy, <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_nobility\" title=\"Swedish nobility\">nobility</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Bourgeoisie\" title=\"Bourgeoisie\">townsmen</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Peasant\" title=\"Peasant\">peasants</a>) were called on to participate for the first time.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Riksdagen_136-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Riksdagen-136\">[133]</a></sup> The monarchy became hereditary in 1544.</p>\n<p>Executive power was historically shared between the King and an aristocratic <a href=\"/wiki/Privy_council\" title=\"Privy council\">Privy council</a> until 1680, followed by the King's <a href=\"/wiki/Autocracy\" title=\"Autocracy\">autocratic rule</a> initiated by the commoner estates of the Riksdag. As a reaction to the failed Great Northern War, a parliamentary system was introduced in 1719, followed by three different flavours of constitutional monarchy in 1772, 1789 and 1809, <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_constitution_of_1809\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Swedish constitution of 1809\">the latter</a> granting several civil liberties. Already during the first of those three periods, the 'Era of Liberty' (1719–72) the Swedish Rikstag had developed into a very active Parliament, and this tradition continued into the nineteenth century, laying the basis for the transition towards modern democracy at the end of that century.<sup id=\"cite_ref-137\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-137\">[134]</a></sup></p>\n<p>In 1866 Sweden became a constitutional monarchy with a <a href=\"/wiki/Bicameral\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Bicameral\">bicameral</a> parliament, with the First Chamber indirectly elected by local governments, and the Second Chamber directly elected in national elections every four years. In 1971 the parliament became unicameral. Legislative power was (symbolically) shared between the King and the Riksdag until 1975. Swedish taxation is controlled by the Riksdag.</p>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Riksdagen_September_2014_02.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Riksdagen_September_2014_02.jpg/220px-Riksdagen_September_2014_02.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"147\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Riksdagen_September_2014_02.jpg/330px-Riksdagen_September_2014_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Riksdagen_September_2014_02.jpg/440px-Riksdagen_September_2014_02.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"5579\" data-file-height=\"3724\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Riksdagen_September_2014_02.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nThe Riksdag, the Swedish Parliament in 2014</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>Sweden has a history of strong political involvement by ordinary people through its \"popular movements\" (<i>Folkrörelser</i>), the most notable being trade unions, the independent Christian movement, the temperance movement, the <a href=\"/wiki/Women%27s_movement\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Women's movement\">women's movement</a> and more recently the <a href=\"/wiki/Pirate_Party_(Sweden)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Pirate Party (Sweden)\">intellectual property pirate</a> movements. Sweden was the first country in the world to outlaw <a href=\"/wiki/Corporal_punishment\" title=\"Corporal punishment\">corporal punishment</a> of children by their parents (parents' right to spank their own children was first removed in 1966, and it was explicitly prohibited by law from July 1979).<sup id=\"cite_ref-138\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-138\">[135]</a></sup></p>\n<p>Sweden is currently leading the EU in statistics measuring <a href=\"/wiki/Equality_of_opportunity\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Equality of opportunity\">equality</a> in the political system and equality in the education system.<sup id=\"cite_ref-EUEqualityReport_139-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-EUEqualityReport-139\">[136]</a></sup> The <i>Global Gender Gap Report 2006</i> ranked Sweden as the number one country in terms of <a href=\"/wiki/Gender_equality\" title=\"Gender equality\">gender equality</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-140\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-140\">[137]</a></sup></p>\n<p>Some Swedish political figures have become known worldwide, among these are: Raoul Wallenberg, <a href=\"/wiki/Folke_Bernadotte\" title=\"Folke Bernadotte\">Folke Bernadotte</a>, the former <a href=\"/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_United_Nations\" title=\"Secretary-General of the United Nations\">Secretary-General</a> of the United Nations <a href=\"/wiki/Dag_Hammarskj%C3%B6ld\" title=\"Dag Hammarskjöld\">Dag Hammarskjöld</a>, the former Prime Minister <a href=\"/wiki/Olof_Palme\" title=\"Olof Palme\">Olof Palme</a>, the former Prime Minister and later <a href=\"/wiki/Foreign_minister\" title=\"Foreign minister\">Foreign minister</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Carl_Bildt\" title=\"Carl Bildt\">Carl Bildt</a>, the former President of the <a href=\"/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly\" title=\"United Nations General Assembly\">General Assembly of the United Nations</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Jan_Eliasson\" title=\"Jan Eliasson\">Jan Eliasson</a>, and the former <a href=\"/wiki/International_Atomic_Energy_Agency\" title=\"International Atomic Energy Agency\">International Atomic Energy Agency</a> Iraq inspector <a href=\"/wiki/Hans_Blix\" title=\"Hans Blix\">Hans Blix</a>.</p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Judicial_system\">Judicial system</span></h3>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/Judiciary_of_Sweden\" title=\"Judiciary of Sweden\">Judiciary of Sweden</a></div>\n<p>The courts are divided into two parallel and separate systems: The general courts (<i><span lang=\"sv\">allmänna domstolar</span></i>) for criminal and civil cases, and general administrative courts (<i><span lang=\"sv\">allmänna förvaltningsdomstolar</span></i>) for cases relating to disputes between private persons and the authorities.<sup id=\"cite_ref-141\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-141\">[138]</a></sup> Each of these systems has three tiers, where the top tier court of the respective system typically only will hear cases that may become <a href=\"/wiki/Precedent\" title=\"Precedent\">precedent</a>. There are also a number of special courts, which will hear a narrower set of cases, as set down by legislation. While independent in their rulings, some of these courts are operated as divisions within courts of the general or general administrative courts.</p>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Hogsta_domstolen_Stockholm.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Hogsta_domstolen_Stockholm.jpg/220px-Hogsta_domstolen_Stockholm.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"125\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Hogsta_domstolen_Stockholm.jpg/330px-Hogsta_domstolen_Stockholm.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Hogsta_domstolen_Stockholm.jpg/440px-Hogsta_domstolen_Stockholm.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"1054\" data-file-height=\"600\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Hogsta_domstolen_Stockholm.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\n<a href=\"/wiki/Bonde_Palace\" title=\"Bonde Palace\">Bonde Palace</a> in Stockholm, seat of the <a href=\"/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Sweden\" title=\"Supreme Court of Sweden\">Supreme Court of Sweden</a></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>The <a href=\"/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Sweden\" title=\"Supreme Court of Sweden\">Supreme Court of Sweden</a> (<a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_language\" title=\"Swedish language\">Swedish</a>: <i><span lang=\"sv\">Högsta domstolen</span></i>) is the third and final instance in all civil and criminal cases in Sweden. Before a case can be decided by the Supreme Court, leave to appeal must be obtained, and with few exceptions, leave to appeal can be granted only when the case is of interest as a precedent. The Supreme Court consists of 16 Justices (<a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_language\" title=\"Swedish language\">Swedish</a>: <i><span lang=\"sv\">justitieråd</span></i>), appointed by the Government, but the court as an institution is independent of the Riksdag, and the Government is not able to interfere with the decisions of the court.</p>\n<p>According to a victimisation survey of 1,201 residents in 2005, Sweden has above-average <a href=\"/wiki/Crime_rate\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Crime rate\">crime rates</a> compared to other EU countries. Sweden has high or above-average levels of assaults, sexual assaults, hate crimes, and consumer fraud. Sweden has low levels of burglary, car theft and drug problems. Bribe seeking is rare.<sup id=\"cite_ref-burdenofcrime2005_142-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-burdenofcrime2005-142\">[139]</a></sup></p>\n<p>A mid-November 2013 news report announced that four prisons in Sweden were closed during the year due to a significant drop in the number of inmates. The decrease in the number of Swedish prisoners was considered \"out-of-the-ordinary\" by the head of Sweden's prison and probation services, with prison numbers in Sweden falling by around 1% a year since 2004. Prisons were closed in the towns of Åby, Håja, Båtshagen, and Kristianstad.<sup id=\"cite_ref-143\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-143\">[140]</a></sup></p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Foreign_relations\">Foreign relations</span></h3>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Sweden\" title=\"Foreign relations of Sweden\">Foreign relations of Sweden</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:European-parliament-brussels-inside.JPG\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/European-parliament-brussels-inside.JPG/220px-European-parliament-brussels-inside.JPG\" width=\"220\" height=\"165\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/European-parliament-brussels-inside.JPG/330px-European-parliament-brussels-inside.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/European-parliament-brussels-inside.JPG/440px-European-parliament-brussels-inside.JPG 2x\" data-file-width=\"2560\" data-file-height=\"1920\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:European-parliament-brussels-inside.JPG\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nThe EU parliament in Brussels. Sweden is one of 28 member states of the European Union.</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>Throughout the 20th century, <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_foreign_policy\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Swedish foreign policy\">Swedish foreign policy</a> was based on the principle of non-alignment in peacetime and <a href=\"/wiki/Neutral_country\" title=\"Neutral country\">neutrality</a> in wartime. Sweden's government pursued an independent course of nonalignment in times of peace so that neutrality would be possible in the event of war.<sup id=\"cite_ref-NB335-339_64-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-NB335-339-64\">[63]</a></sup></p>\n<p>Sweden's doctrine of neutrality is often traced back to the 19th century as the country has not been in a <a href=\"/wiki/War\" title=\"War\">state of war</a> since the end of the <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_campaign_against_Norway_(1814)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Swedish campaign against Norway (1814)\">Swedish campaign against Norway</a> in 1814. During World War II Sweden joined neither the <a href=\"/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II\" title=\"Allies of World War II\">allied</a> nor <a href=\"/wiki/Axis_powers\" title=\"Axis powers\">axis</a> powers. This has sometimes been disputed since in effect Sweden allowed in select cases the Nazi regime to use its railroad system to transport troops and goods,<sup id=\"cite_ref-Koblik303-313_59-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Koblik303-313-59\">[58]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-NB313-319_61-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-NB313-319-61\">[60]</a></sup> especially iron ore from mines in northern Sweden, which was vital to the German war machine.<sup id=\"cite_ref-NB313-319_61-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-NB313-319-61\">[60]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-144\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-144\">[141]</a></sup> However, Sweden also indirectly contributed to the defence of Finland in the Winter War, and permitted the training of Norwegian and Danish troops in Sweden after 1943.</p>\n<div class=\"thumb tleft\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:ODA_percent_of_GNI_2009.png\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/ODA_percent_of_GNI_2009.png/220px-ODA_percent_of_GNI_2009.png\" width=\"220\" height=\"140\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/ODA_percent_of_GNI_2009.png/330px-ODA_percent_of_GNI_2009.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/ODA_percent_of_GNI_2009.png/440px-ODA_percent_of_GNI_2009.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1274\" data-file-height=\"812\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:ODA_percent_of_GNI_2009.png\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\n<a href=\"/wiki/Official_development_assistance\" title=\"Official development assistance\">Development aid</a> measured in <a href=\"/wiki/Gross_national_income\" title=\"Gross national income\">GNI</a> in 2009. Source: OECD. As a percentage Sweden is the largest donor.</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>During the early <a href=\"/wiki/Cold_War\" title=\"Cold War\">Cold War</a> era, Sweden combined its policy of non-alignment and a low profile in international affairs with a <a href=\"/wiki/Security_policy\" title=\"Security policy\">security policy</a> based on strong <a href=\"/wiki/National_security\" title=\"National security\">national defence</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-145\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-145\">[142]</a></sup> The function of the Swedish military was to deter attack.<sup id=\"cite_ref-146\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-146\">[143]</a></sup> At the same time, the country maintained relatively close informal connections with the Western bloc, especially in the realm of intelligence exchange. In 1952, a Swedish <a href=\"/wiki/DC-3\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"DC-3\">DC-3</a> was <a href=\"/wiki/Catalina_affair\" title=\"Catalina affair\">shot down</a> over the Baltic Sea by a Soviet <a href=\"/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-15\" title=\"Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15\">MiG-15</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Jet_aircraft\" title=\"Jet aircraft\">jet</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Fighter_aircraft\" title=\"Fighter aircraft\">fighter</a>. Later investigations revealed that the plane was actually gathering information for NATO.<sup id=\"cite_ref-147\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-147\">[144]</a></sup> Another plane, a <a href=\"/wiki/PBY_Catalina\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"PBY Catalina\">Catalina</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Search_and_rescue\" title=\"Search and rescue\">search and rescue</a> plane, was sent out a few days later and shot down by the Soviets as well. Prime Minister Olof Palme made an official visit to <a href=\"/wiki/Cuba\" title=\"Cuba\">Cuba</a> during the 1970s, during which he denounced <a href=\"/wiki/Fulgencio_Batista\" title=\"Fulgencio Batista\">Fulgencio Batista</a>'s government and praised contemporary <a href=\"/wiki/26_July_Movement\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"26 July Movement\">Cuban</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Khmer_Rouge\" title=\"Khmer Rouge\">Cambodian</a> revolutionaries in a speech.</p>\n<p>Beginning in the late 1960s, Sweden attempted to play a more significant and independent role in international relations. It involved itself significantly in international peace efforts, especially through the United Nations, and in support to the <a href=\"/wiki/Third_World\" title=\"Third World\">Third World</a>.</p>\n<p>On 27 October 1981, a <a href=\"/wiki/Whiskey-class_submarine\" title=\"Whiskey-class submarine\">Whiskey-class submarine</a> (<a href=\"/wiki/Soviet_submarine_S-363\" title=\"Soviet submarine S-363\"><i>U 137</i></a>) from the <a href=\"/wiki/Soviet_Union\" title=\"Soviet Union\">Soviet Union</a> ran aground close to the <a href=\"/wiki/Karlskrona_naval_base\" title=\"Karlskrona naval base\">naval base</a> at <a href=\"/wiki/Karlskrona\" title=\"Karlskrona\">Karlskrona</a> in the southern part of the country. Research has never clearly established whether the submarine ended up on the shoals through a navigational mistake or if an enemy committed espionage against Swedish military potential. The incident triggered a diplomatic crisis between Sweden and the Soviet Union. The <a href=\"/wiki/Assassination_of_Olof_Palme\" title=\"Assassination of Olof Palme\">1986 assassination of Olof Palme</a> and with the end of the Cold War, Sweden has adopted a more traditional foreign policy approach. Nevertheless, the country remains active in peace keeping missions and maintains a considerable foreign aid budget.</p>\n<p>Since 1995 Sweden has been a member of the European Union, and as a consequence of a new world security situation the country's foreign policy doctrine has been partly modified, with Sweden playing a more active role in European security co-operation.</p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Military\">Military</span></h3>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main articles: <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Armed_Forces\" title=\"Swedish Armed Forces\">Swedish Armed Forces</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Sweden\" title=\"Law enforcement in Sweden\">Law enforcement in Sweden</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Swedish_JAS-39_Gripen_landing.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Swedish_JAS-39_Gripen_landing.jpg/220px-Swedish_JAS-39_Gripen_landing.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"143\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Swedish_JAS-39_Gripen_landing.jpg/330px-Swedish_JAS-39_Gripen_landing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Swedish_JAS-39_Gripen_landing.jpg/440px-Swedish_JAS-39_Gripen_landing.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"3008\" data-file-height=\"1960\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Swedish_JAS-39_Gripen_landing.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nThe Saab <a href=\"/wiki/JAS_39_Gripen\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"JAS 39 Gripen\">JAS 39 Gripen</a> is an advanced Swedish multi-role <a href=\"/wiki/Fighter_aircraft\" title=\"Fighter aircraft\">fighter aircraft</a> of the <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Air_Force\" title=\"Swedish Air Force\">Swedish Air Force</a>.</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>The <a href=\"/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Sweden\" title=\"Law enforcement in Sweden\">law is enforced in Sweden</a> by several government entities. The Swedish police is a <a href=\"/wiki/Government_agencies_in_Sweden\" title=\"Government agencies in Sweden\">Government agency</a> concerned with police matters. The <a href=\"/wiki/National_Task_Force\" title=\"National Task Force\">National Task Force</a> is a national <a href=\"/wiki/SWAT\" title=\"SWAT\">SWAT</a> unit within the Police Service. The <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Security_Service\" title=\"Swedish Security Service\">Swedish Security Service</a>'s responsibilities are <a href=\"/wiki/Counter-espionage\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Counter-espionage\">counter-espionage</a>, anti-terrorist activities, protection of the constitution and protection of sensitive objects and people.</p>\n<p><i>Försvarsmakten</i> (Swedish Armed Forces) is a government agency reporting to the Swedish <a href=\"/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(Sweden)\" title=\"Ministry of Defence (Sweden)\">Ministry of Defence</a> and responsible for the <a href=\"/wiki/Peacetime\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Peacetime\">peacetime</a> operation of the armed forces of Sweden. The primary task of the agency is to train and deploy peace support forces abroad, while maintaining the long-term ability to refocus on the defence of Sweden in the event of war. The armed forces are divided into <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Army\" title=\"Swedish Army\">Army</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Air_Force\" title=\"Swedish Air Force\">Air Force</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Navy\" title=\"Swedish Navy\">Navy</a>. The head of the armed forces is the <a href=\"/wiki/Supreme_Commander_of_the_Swedish_Armed_Forces\" title=\"Supreme Commander of the Swedish Armed Forces\">Supreme Commander</a> (<i>Överbefälhavaren</i>, ÖB), the most senior commissioned officer in the country. Up to 1974 the King was <i>pro forma</i> <a href=\"/wiki/Commander_in_chief#Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Commander in chief\">Commander-in-Chief</a>, but in reality it was clearly understood all through the 20th century that the Monarch would have no <i>active</i> role as a military leader.</p>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Swedish_CV9040.JPG\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Swedish_CV9040.JPG/220px-Swedish_CV9040.JPG\" width=\"220\" height=\"165\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Swedish_CV9040.JPG/330px-Swedish_CV9040.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Swedish_CV9040.JPG/440px-Swedish_CV9040.JPG 2x\" data-file-width=\"2560\" data-file-height=\"1920\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Swedish_CV9040.JPG\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nThe Infantry fighting vehicle <a href=\"/wiki/Combat_Vehicle_90\" title=\"Combat Vehicle 90\">CV90</a>, which is produced and used by Sweden</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>Until the end of the Cold War, nearly all males reaching the age of <a href=\"/wiki/Military_service\" title=\"Military service\">military service</a> were <a href=\"/wiki/Conscription\" title=\"Conscription\">conscripted</a>. In recent years, the number of conscripted males has shrunk dramatically, while the number of female volunteers has increased slightly. Recruitment has generally shifted towards finding the most motivated recruits, rather than solely those otherwise most fit for service. All soldiers serving abroad must by law be volunteers. In 1975 the total number of conscripts was 45,000. By 2003 it was down to 15,000.</p>\n<p>On 1 July 2010 Sweden stopped routine conscription, switching to an all volunteer force unless otherwise required for defence readiness.<sup id=\"cite_ref-148\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-148\">[145]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-149\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-149\">[146]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-150\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-150\">[147]</a></sup> The need to recruit only the soldiers later prepared to volunteer for international service will be emphasised. The total forces gathered would consist of about 60,000 men. This could be compared with the 1980s before the fall of the Soviet Union, when Sweden could gather up to 1,000,000 men.</p>\n<p>However, on 11 December 2014, due to tensions in the Baltic area, the <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Government\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Swedish Government\">Swedish Government</a> reintroduced one part of the Swedish conscription system, <a href=\"/wiki/Refresher_training_(military)\" title=\"Refresher training (military)\">refresher training</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-151\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-151\">[148]</a></sup> On 2 March 2017 the Swedish Government decided to reintroduce the remaining part of the Swedish conscription system, the Basic Military Training. The first recruits will begin their training in 2018. As the law now is gender neutral, both men and women may have to service.<sup id=\"cite_ref-152\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-152\">[149]</a></sup></p>\n<p>Swedish units have taken part in peacekeeping operations in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Cyprus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Liberia, Lebanon, Afghanistan and Chad.</p>\n<p>Currently, one of the most important tasks for the Swedish Armed Forces has been to form a Swedish-led <a href=\"/wiki/European_Union_Battlegroups\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"European Union Battlegroups\">EU Battle Group</a> to which Norway, Finland, Ireland and Estonia will also contribute.<sup id=\"cite_ref-153\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-153\">[150]</a></sup> The <a href=\"/wiki/Nordic_Battle_Group\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Nordic Battle Group\">Nordic Battle Group</a> (NBG) had a 10-day deployment readiness during the first half of 2008 and, although Swedish-led, had its Operational Headquarters (OHQ) in <a href=\"/wiki/Northwood,_London\" title=\"Northwood, London\">Northwood</a>, outside London.</p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Economy\">Economy</span></h2>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/Economy_of_Sweden\" title=\"Economy of Sweden\">Economy of Sweden</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:172px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Sweden_GRP_per_Capita_(2014).png\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Sweden_GRP_per_Capita_%282014%29.png/170px-Sweden_GRP_per_Capita_%282014%29.png\" width=\"170\" height=\"379\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Sweden_GRP_per_Capita_%282014%29.png/255px-Sweden_GRP_per_Capita_%282014%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Sweden_GRP_per_Capita_%282014%29.png/340px-Sweden_GRP_per_Capita_%282014%29.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"3528\" data-file-height=\"7872\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Sweden_GRP_per_Capita_(2014).png\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\n<a href=\"/wiki/Gross_Regional_Product\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Gross Regional Product\">Gross Regional Product</a> (GRP) per capita in thousands of kronor (2014)</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"thumb tleft\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Nordstan_%C3%96st.JPG\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Nordstan_%C3%96st.JPG/220px-Nordstan_%C3%96st.JPG\" width=\"220\" height=\"165\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Nordstan_%C3%96st.JPG/330px-Nordstan_%C3%96st.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Nordstan_%C3%96st.JPG/440px-Nordstan_%C3%96st.JPG 2x\" data-file-width=\"1280\" data-file-height=\"960\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Nordstan_%C3%96st.JPG\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\n<a href=\"/wiki/Nordstan\" title=\"Nordstan\">Nordstan</a> is one of the largest shopping malls in northern Europe</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>Sweden is the seventh-richest country in the world in terms of GDP (gross domestic product) per capita and a high standard of living is experienced by its citizens. Sweden is an export-oriented <a href=\"/wiki/Mixed_economy\" title=\"Mixed economy\">mixed economy</a>. Timber, <a href=\"/wiki/Hydropower\" title=\"Hydropower\">hydropower</a> and iron ore constitute the resource base of an economy with a heavy emphasis on <a href=\"/wiki/Foreign_trade\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Foreign trade\">foreign trade</a>. Sweden's engineering sector accounts for 50% of output and exports, while telecommunications, the automotive industry and the pharmaceutical industries are also of great importance. Sweden is the ninth-largest <a href=\"/wiki/Arms_industry\" title=\"Arms industry\">arms exporter in the world</a>. Agriculture accounts for 2% of GDP and employment. The country ranks among the highest for telephone and Internet access penetration.<sup id=\"cite_ref-154\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-154\">[151]</a></sup></p>\n<p>Trade unions, employers' associations and collective agreements cover a large share of the employees in Sweden.<sup id=\"cite_ref-155\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-155\">[152]</a></sup> The high coverage of collective agreements is achieved despite the absence of state mechanisms extending collective agreements to whole industries or sectors. Both the prominent role of collective bargaining and the way in which the high rate of coverage is achieved reflect the dominance of self-regulation (regulation by the labour market parties themselves) over state regulation in Swedish industrial relations.<sup id=\"cite_ref-156\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-156\">[153]</a></sup> When the Swedish <a href=\"/wiki/Ghent_system\" title=\"Ghent system\">Ghent system</a> was changed in 2007, resulting in considerably raised fees to unemployment funds, a substantial decline in union density and density of unemployment funds occurred.<sup id=\"cite_ref-157\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-157\">[154]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-158\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-158\">[155]</a></sup></p>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:252px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Volvo_truck_in_Antwerpen.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Volvo_truck_in_Antwerpen.jpg/250px-Volvo_truck_in_Antwerpen.jpg\" width=\"250\" height=\"188\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Volvo_truck_in_Antwerpen.jpg/375px-Volvo_truck_in_Antwerpen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Volvo_truck_in_Antwerpen.jpg/500px-Volvo_truck_in_Antwerpen.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"3264\" data-file-height=\"2448\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Volvo_truck_in_Antwerpen.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nSwedish <a href=\"/wiki/Volvo\" title=\"Volvo\">Volvo</a> is the world’s second largest manufacturer of heavy-duty trucks</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>In 2010 Sweden's income <a href=\"/wiki/Gini_coefficient\" title=\"Gini coefficient\">Gini coefficient</a> was the third lowest among developed countries, at 0.25—slightly higher than Japan and Denmark—suggesting <a href=\"/wiki/Income_inequality_in_Sweden\" title=\"Income inequality in Sweden\">Sweden had low income inequality</a>. However, Sweden's wealth Gini coefficient at 0.853 was the second highest in developed countries, and above European and North American averages, suggesting high wealth inequality.<sup id=\"cite_ref-hdr2010_159-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-hdr2010-159\">[156]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-cs2010_160-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-cs2010-160\">[157]</a></sup> Even on a disposable income basis, the geographical distribution of Gini coefficient of income inequality varies within different regions and municipalities of Sweden. <a href=\"/wiki/Danderyd_Municipality\" title=\"Danderyd Municipality\">Danderyd</a>, outside Stockholm, has Sweden's highest Gini coefficient of income inequality, at 0.55, while <a href=\"/wiki/Hofors_Municipality\" title=\"Hofors Municipality\">Hofors</a> near Gävle has the lowest at 0.25. In and around Stockholm and Scania, two of the more densely populated regions of Sweden, the income Gini coefficient is between 0.35 and 0.55.<sup id=\"cite_ref-161\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-161\">[158]</a></sup></p>\n<p>In terms of structure, the Swedish economy is characterised by a large, knowledge-intensive and export-oriented manufacturing sector; an increasing, but comparatively small, business <a href=\"/wiki/Service_sector\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Service sector\">service sector</a>; and by international standards, a large public service sector. Large organisations, both in manufacturing and services, dominate the <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_economy\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Swedish economy\">Swedish economy</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-162\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-162\">[159]</a></sup> High and medium-high technology manufacturing accounts for 9.9% of GDP.<sup id=\"cite_ref-163\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-163\">[160]</a></sup></p>\n<p>The 20 largest (by turnover) registered Swedish companies in 2007 were <a href=\"/wiki/Volvo\" title=\"Volvo\">Volvo</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Ericsson\" title=\"Ericsson\">Ericsson</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Vattenfall\" title=\"Vattenfall\">Vattenfall</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Skanska\" title=\"Skanska\">Skanska</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Sony_Ericsson_Mobile_Communications_AB\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications AB\">Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications AB</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Svenska_Cellulosa_Aktiebolaget\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Svenska Cellulosa Aktiebolaget\">Svenska Cellulosa Aktiebolaget</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Electrolux\" title=\"Electrolux\">Electrolux</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Volvo_Personvagnar\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Volvo Personvagnar\">Volvo Personvagnar</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/TeliaSonera\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"TeliaSonera\">TeliaSonera</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Sandvik\" title=\"Sandvik\">Sandvik</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Scania_AB\" title=\"Scania AB\">Scania</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/ICA_AB\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"ICA AB\">ICA</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Hennes_%26_Mauritz\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Hennes & Mauritz\">Hennes & Mauritz</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/IKEA\" title=\"IKEA\">IKEA</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Nordea\" title=\"Nordea\">Nordea</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Preem\" title=\"Preem\">Preem</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Atlas_Copco\" title=\"Atlas Copco\">Atlas Copco</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Securitas_AB\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Securitas AB\">Securitas</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Nordstjernan\" title=\"Nordstjernan\">Nordstjernan</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/SKF\" title=\"SKF\">SKF</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-164\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-164\">[161]</a></sup> The vast majority of Sweden's industry is <a href=\"/wiki/Private_sector\" title=\"Private sector\">privately</a> controlled, unlike many other industrialised Western countries, and, in accordance with a historical standard, publicly owned enterprises are of minor importance.</p>\n<div class=\"thumb tleft\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Sw_real_gdp_growth.svg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Sw_real_gdp_growth.svg/220px-Sw_real_gdp_growth.svg.png\" width=\"220\" height=\"147\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Sw_real_gdp_growth.svg/330px-Sw_real_gdp_growth.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Sw_real_gdp_growth.svg/440px-Sw_real_gdp_growth.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"867\" data-file-height=\"578\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Sw_real_gdp_growth.svg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nReal GDP growth in Sweden, 1996–2006</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>An estimated 4.5 million Swedish residents are employed and around a third of the workforce completed tertiary education. In terms of <a href=\"/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_hour_worked\" title=\"List of countries by GDP (PPP) per hour worked\">GDP per-hour-worked</a>, Sweden was the world's ninth highest in 2006 at US$31, compared to US$22 in Spain and US$35 in the United States.<sup id=\"cite_ref-oecd2007_165-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-oecd2007-165\">[162]</a></sup> GDP per-hour-worked is growing 2.5% per year for the economy as a whole and the trade-terms-balanced productivity growth is 2%.<sup id=\"cite_ref-oecd2007_165-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-oecd2007-165\">[162]</a></sup> According to the OECD, deregulation, globalisation, and technology sector growth have been key productivity drivers.<sup id=\"cite_ref-oecd2007_165-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-oecd2007-165\">[162]</a></sup> Sweden is a world leader in privatised pensions and pension funding problems are relatively small compared to many other Western European countries.<sup id=\"cite_ref-166\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-166\">[163]</a></sup> A pilot program to test the feasibility of a six-hour workday, without loss of pay, will commence in 2014, involving the participation of Gothenburg municipal staff. The Swedish government is seeking to reduce its costs through decreased sick leave hours and increased efficiency.<sup id=\"cite_ref-167\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-167\">[164]</a></sup></p>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Euro_accession.svg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Euro_accession.svg/220px-Euro_accession.svg.png\" width=\"220\" height=\"211\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Euro_accession.svg/330px-Euro_accession.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Euro_accession.svg/440px-Euro_accession.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"474\" data-file-height=\"454\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Euro_accession.svg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nSweden is part of the <a href=\"/wiki/Schengen_Area\" title=\"Schengen Area\">Schengen Area</a> and the EU single market.</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>The typical worker receives 40% of his or her labour costs after the <a href=\"/wiki/Tax_wedge\" title=\"Tax wedge\">tax wedge</a>. Total tax collected by Sweden as a percentage of its GDP peaked at 52.3% in 1990.<sup id=\"cite_ref-oecdtax11_168-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-oecdtax11-168\">[165]</a></sup> The country faced a real estate and banking crisis in 1990–1991, and consequently passed tax reforms in 1991 to implement tax rate cuts and tax base broadening over time.<sup id=\"cite_ref-AgellEnglund_169-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-AgellEnglund-169\">[166]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-RiksbankHeikensten_170-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-RiksbankHeikensten-170\">[167]</a></sup> Since 1990, taxes as a percentage of GDP collected by Sweden have been dropping, with total tax rates for the highest income earners dropping the most.<sup id=\"cite_ref-BengtssonHolmlund_171-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-BengtssonHolmlund-171\">[168]</a></sup> In 2010 45.8% of the country's GDP was collected as taxes, the second highest among OECD countries, and nearly double the percentage in the US or South Korea.<sup id=\"cite_ref-oecdtax11_168-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-oecdtax11-168\">[165]</a></sup> Tax income-financed employment represents a third of the Swedish workforce, a substantially higher proportion than in most other countries. Overall, GDP growth has been fast since reforms—especially those in manufacturing—were enacted in the early 1990s.<sup id=\"cite_ref-oecd2005_172-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-oecd2005-172\">[169]</a></sup></p>\n<p>Sweden is the fourth-most competitive economy in the world, according to the <a href=\"/wiki/World_Economic_Forum\" title=\"World Economic Forum\">World Economic Forum</a> in its <i><a href=\"/wiki/Global_Competitiveness_Report\" title=\"Global Competitiveness Report\">Global Competitiveness Report</a> 2012–2013</i>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-wefcomp_21-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-wefcomp-21\">[20]</a></sup> Sweden is the top performing country in the 2014 <i>Global Green Economy Index (GGEI)</i>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-ggei_173-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-ggei-173\">[170]</a></sup> Sweden is ranked fourth in the IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook 2013.<sup id=\"cite_ref-imd_174-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-imd-174\">[171]</a></sup> According to the book <i>The Flight of the Creative Class</i> by the US economist Professor <a href=\"/wiki/Richard_Florida\" title=\"Richard Florida\">Richard Florida</a> of the <a href=\"/wiki/University_of_Toronto\" title=\"University of Toronto\">University of Toronto</a>, Sweden is ranked as having the best creativity in Europe for business and is predicted to become a talent magnet for the world's most purposeful workers. The book compiled an index to measure the kind of creativity it claims is most useful to business—talent, technology and tolerance.<sup id=\"cite_ref-175\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-175\">[172]</a></sup></p>\n<p>Sweden maintains its own currency, the <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_krona\" title=\"Swedish krona\">Swedish krona</a> (SEK), a result of the Swedes having rejected the <a href=\"/wiki/Euro\" title=\"Euro\">euro</a> in a referendum. The Swedish <a href=\"/wiki/Sveriges_Riksbank\" title=\"Sveriges Riksbank\">Riksbank</a>—founded in 1668 and thus the oldest central bank in the world—is currently focusing on price stability with an inflation target of 2%. According to the <i>Economic Survey of Sweden 2007</i> by the OECD, the average inflation in Sweden has been one of the lowest among European countries since the mid-1990s, largely because of deregulation and quick utilisation of globalisation.<sup id=\"cite_ref-oecd2007_165-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-oecd2007-165\">[162]</a></sup></p>\n<p>The largest trade flows are with Germany, the United States, Norway, the United Kingdom, Denmark and Finland.</p>\n<p>Financial deregulation in the 1980s impacted adversely on the property market, leading to a bubble and eventually a crash in the early 1990s. Commercial property prices fell by up to two thirds, resulting in two Swedish banks having to be taken over by the government. In the following two decades the property sector strengthened. By 2014, legislators, economists and the IMF were again warning of a bubble with residential property prices soaring and the level of personal mortgage debt expanding. Household debt-to-income rose above 170% as the IMF was calling on legislators to consider zoning reform and other means of generating a greater supply of housing as demand was outstripping what was available, pushing prices higher. By August 2014, 40% of home borrowers had interest-only loans while those that didn't were repaying principal at a rate that would take 100 years to fully repay.<sup id=\"cite_ref-SwedenProperty_176-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-SwedenProperty-176\">[173]</a></sup></p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Energy\">Energy</span></h3>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">See also: <a href=\"/wiki/Nordic_energy_market\" title=\"Nordic energy market\">Nordic energy market</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Nuclear_power_in_Sweden\" title=\"Nuclear power in Sweden\">Nuclear power in Sweden</a>, and <a href=\"/wiki/Making_Sweden_an_Oil-Free_Society\" title=\"Making Sweden an Oil-Free Society\">Making Sweden an Oil-Free Society</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Ringhals.JPG\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Ringhals.JPG/220px-Ringhals.JPG\" width=\"220\" height=\"140\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Ringhals.JPG/330px-Ringhals.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Ringhals.JPG/440px-Ringhals.JPG 2x\" data-file-width=\"713\" data-file-height=\"455\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Ringhals.JPG\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\n<a href=\"/wiki/Ringhals_Nuclear_Power_Plant\" title=\"Ringhals Nuclear Power Plant\">Ringhals Nuclear Power Plant</a>, located south of <a href=\"/wiki/Gothenburg\" title=\"Gothenburg\">Gothenburg</a></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>Sweden's energy market is largely privatised. The <a href=\"/wiki/Nordic_energy_market\" title=\"Nordic energy market\">Nordic energy market</a> is one of the first liberalised energy markets in Europe and it is traded in <a href=\"/wiki/NASDAQ_OMX_Commodities_Europe\" title=\"NASDAQ OMX Commodities Europe\">NASDAQ OMX Commodities Europe</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Nord_Pool_Spot\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Nord Pool Spot\">Nord Pool Spot</a>. In 2006, out of a total electricity production of 139 <a href=\"/wiki/TWh\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"TWh\">TWh</a>, electricity from hydropower accounted for 61 TWh (44%), and <a href=\"/wiki/Nuclear_power\" title=\"Nuclear power\">nuclear power</a> delivered 65 TWh (47%). At the same time, the use of <a href=\"/wiki/Biofuel\" title=\"Biofuel\">biofuels</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Peat\" title=\"Peat\">peat</a> etc. produced 13 TWh (9%) of electricity, while wind power produced 1 TWh (1%). Sweden was a net importer of electricity by a margin of 6 TWh.<sup id=\"cite_ref-177\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-177\">[174]</a></sup> <a href=\"/wiki/Biomass\" title=\"Biomass\">Biomass</a> is mainly used to produce heat for <a href=\"/wiki/District_heating\" title=\"District heating\">district heating</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Central_heating\" title=\"Central heating\">central heating</a> and industry processes.</p>\n<p>The <a href=\"/wiki/1973_oil_crisis\" title=\"1973 oil crisis\">1973 oil crisis</a> strengthened Sweden's commitment to decrease dependence on imported fossil fuels. Since then, electricity has been generated mostly from hydropower and nuclear power. The use of nuclear power has been limited, however. Among other things, the accident of <a href=\"/wiki/Three_Mile_Island_Nuclear_Generating_Station\" title=\"Three Mile Island Nuclear Generating Station\">Three Mile Island Nuclear Generating Station</a> (United States) prompted the Riksdag to ban new nuclear plants. In March 2005, an opinion poll showed that 83% supported maintaining or increasing nuclear power.<sup id=\"cite_ref-178\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-178\">[175]</a></sup> Politicians have made announcements about oil phase-out in Sweden, decrease of nuclear power, and multibillion-dollar investments in <a href=\"/wiki/Renewable_energy\" title=\"Renewable energy\">renewable energy</a> and energy efficiency.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Agenda21_179-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Agenda21-179\">[176]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-Vidal_180-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Vidal-180\">[177]</a></sup> The country has for many years pursued a strategy of indirect taxation as an instrument of <a href=\"/wiki/Environmental_policy\" title=\"Environmental policy\">environmental policy</a>, including <a href=\"/wiki/Energy_tax\" title=\"Energy tax\">energy taxes</a> in general and <a href=\"/wiki/Carbon_dioxide\" title=\"Carbon dioxide\">carbon dioxide</a> taxes in particular.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Agenda21_179-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Agenda21-179\">[176]</a></sup> Sweden was in 2014 a net exporter of electricity by a margin of 16 TWh; the production from windpower mills had increased to 11.5 TWh.<sup id=\"cite_ref-181\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-181\">[178]</a></sup></p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Transport\">Transport</span></h3>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/Transport_in_Sweden\" title=\"Transport in Sweden\">Transport in Sweden</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:%C3%96resundsbron_i_solnedg%C3%A5ng_2.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/%C3%96resundsbron_i_solnedg%C3%A5ng_2.jpg/220px-%C3%96resundsbron_i_solnedg%C3%A5ng_2.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"143\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/%C3%96resundsbron_i_solnedg%C3%A5ng_2.jpg/330px-%C3%96resundsbron_i_solnedg%C3%A5ng_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/%C3%96resundsbron_i_solnedg%C3%A5ng_2.jpg/440px-%C3%96resundsbron_i_solnedg%C3%A5ng_2.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"1404\" data-file-height=\"912\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:%C3%96resundsbron_i_solnedg%C3%A5ng_2.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nThe <a href=\"/wiki/%C3%96resund_Bridge\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Öresund Bridge\">Öresund Bridge</a> between <a href=\"/wiki/Malm%C3%B6\" title=\"Malmö\">Malmö</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Copenhagen\" title=\"Copenhagen\">Copenhagen</a> in Denmark</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>Sweden has 162,707 km (101,101 mi) of paved road and 1,428 km (887 mi) of expressways. <a href=\"/wiki/List_of_motorways_in_Sweden\" title=\"List of motorways in Sweden\">Motorways</a> run through Sweden and over the Øresund Bridge to Denmark. New motorways are still under construction and a new motorway from Uppsala to <a href=\"/wiki/G%C3%A4vle\" title=\"Gävle\">Gävle</a> was finished on 17 October 2007. Sweden had left-hand traffic (Vänstertrafik in Swedish) from approximately 1736 and continued to do so well into the 20th century. Voters rejected right-hand traffic in 1955, but after the Riksdag passed legislation in 1963 changeover took place on 3 September 1967, known in Swedish as <a href=\"/wiki/Dagen_H\" title=\"Dagen H\">Dagen H</a>.</p>\n<p>The <a href=\"/wiki/Stockholm_metro\" title=\"Stockholm metro\">Stockholm metro</a> is the only underground system in Sweden and serves the city of Stockholm via 100 stations. The rail transport market is privatised, but while there are many privately owned enterprises, the largest operators are still owned by state. The counties have financing, ticket and marketing responsibility for local trains. For other trains the operators handle tickets and marketing themselves. Operators include <a href=\"/wiki/SJ_AB\" title=\"SJ AB\">SJ</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Veolia_Transport\" title=\"Veolia Transport\">Veolia Transport</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/DSB_(railway_company)\" title=\"DSB (railway company)\">DSB</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Green_Cargo\" title=\"Green Cargo\">Green Cargo</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/T%C3%A5gkompaniet\" title=\"Tågkompaniet\">Tågkompaniet</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Inlandsbanan\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Inlandsbanan\">Inlandsbanan</a>. Most of the railways are owned and operated by <a href=\"/wiki/Trafikverket\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Trafikverket\">Trafikverket</a>. Most tram nets were closed in 1967, as Sweden changed from left-side to right-side driving, but they survived in <a href=\"/wiki/Norrk%C3%B6ping\" title=\"Norrköping\">Norrköping</a>, Gothenburg and Stockholm. A new tram line is set to open in <a href=\"/wiki/Lund\" title=\"Lund\">Lund</a> in 2019.</p>\n<div class=\"thumb tleft\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Hall,_Stockholm_Central_Station.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Hall%2C_Stockholm_Central_Station.jpg/220px-Hall%2C_Stockholm_Central_Station.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"147\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Hall%2C_Stockholm_Central_Station.jpg/330px-Hall%2C_Stockholm_Central_Station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Hall%2C_Stockholm_Central_Station.jpg/440px-Hall%2C_Stockholm_Central_Station.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"3888\" data-file-height=\"2600\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Hall,_Stockholm_Central_Station.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\n<a href=\"/wiki/Stockholm_Central_Station\" title=\"Stockholm Central Station\">Stockholm Central Station</a></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>The largest airports include <a href=\"/wiki/Stockholm%E2%80%93Arlanda_Airport\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Stockholm–Arlanda Airport\">Stockholm–Arlanda Airport</a> (16.1 million passengers in 2009) 40 km (25 mi) north of Stockholm, <a href=\"/wiki/G%C3%B6teborg_Landvetter_Airport\" title=\"Göteborg Landvetter Airport\">Göteborg Landvetter Airport</a> (4.3 million passengers in 2008), and <a href=\"/wiki/Stockholm%E2%80%93Skavsta_Airport\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Stockholm–Skavsta Airport\">Stockholm–Skavsta Airport</a> (2.0 million passengers). Sweden hosts the two largest port companies in Scandinavia, <a href=\"/wiki/Port_of_Gothenburg\" title=\"Port of Gothenburg\">Port of Göteborg AB</a> (Gothenburg) and the transnational company <a href=\"/wiki/Copenhagen_Malm%C3%B6_Port\" title=\"Copenhagen Malmö Port\">Copenhagen Malmö Port AB</a>. The most used airport for a large part of Southern Sweden is <a href=\"/wiki/Copenhagen_Airport\" title=\"Copenhagen Airport\">Kastrup or Copenhagen Airport</a> which is located only 12 minutes by train from the closest Swedish railway station, <a href=\"/wiki/Hyllie_railway_station\" title=\"Hyllie railway station\">Hyllie</a>. Copenhagen Airport also is the largest <i>international</i> airport in Scandinavia and Finland.</p>\n<p>Sweden also has a number of car ferry connections to several neighbouring countries.<sup id=\"cite_ref-182\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-182\">[179]</a></sup> This includes a route from <a href=\"/wiki/Ume%C3%A5\" title=\"Umeå\">Umeå</a> across <a href=\"/wiki/Kvarken\" title=\"Kvarken\">the Gulf of Bothnia</a> to <a href=\"/wiki/Vaasa\" title=\"Vaasa\">Vaasa</a> in Finland. There are several connections from the Stockholm area across the <a href=\"/wiki/Sea_of_%C3%85land\" title=\"Sea of Åland\">Sea of Åland</a> to <a href=\"/wiki/Mariehamn\" title=\"Mariehamn\">Mariehamn</a> in the <a href=\"/wiki/%C3%85land_Islands\" title=\"Åland Islands\">Åland Islands</a> as well as <a href=\"/wiki/Turku\" title=\"Turku\">Turku</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Helsinki\" title=\"Helsinki\">Helsinki</a> on the Finnish mainland and beyond to Estonia and <a href=\"/wiki/Saint_Petersburg\" title=\"Saint Petersburg\">St Petersburg</a> in Russia. Ferry routes from the Stockholm area also connect with <a href=\"/wiki/Ventspils\" title=\"Ventspils\">Ventspils</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Riga\" title=\"Riga\">Riga</a> in Latvia as well as <a href=\"/wiki/Gda%C5%84sk\" title=\"Gdańsk\">Gdańsk</a> in Poland across the Baltic Sea. The ferry ports of <a href=\"/wiki/Karlskrona\" title=\"Karlskrona\">Karlskrona</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Karlshamn\" title=\"Karlshamn\">Karlshamn</a> in southeastern Sweden serve <a href=\"/wiki/Gdynia\" title=\"Gdynia\">Gdynia</a>, Poland, and <a href=\"/wiki/Klaip%C4%97da\" title=\"Klaipėda\">Klaipeda</a>, Lithuania. Ystad and Trelleborg near the southern tip of Sweden have ferry links with the Danish island of <a href=\"/wiki/Bornholm\" title=\"Bornholm\">Bornholm</a> and the German ports of <a href=\"/wiki/Sassnitz\" title=\"Sassnitz\">Sassnitz</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Rostock\" title=\"Rostock\">Rostock</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Travem%C3%BCnde\" title=\"Travemünde\">Travemünde</a>, respectively, and ferries run to <a href=\"/wiki/%C5%9Awinouj%C5%9Bcie\" title=\"Świnoujście\">Świnoujście</a>, Poland, from both of them. Trelleborg is the busiest ferry port in Sweden in terms of weight transported by lorry.<sup id=\"cite_ref-183\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-183\">[180]</a></sup> Its route to Sassnitz started as a steam-operated railway ferry in the 19th century, and today's ferry still carries trains to <a href=\"/wiki/Berlin\" title=\"Berlin\">Berlin</a> during the summer months.<sup id=\"cite_ref-184\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-184\">[181]</a></sup> Another ferry route to Travemünde originates from <a href=\"/wiki/Malm%C3%B6\" title=\"Malmö\">Malmö</a>. Despite the opening of the fixed link to Denmark, the <a href=\"/wiki/%C3%98resund_Bridge\" title=\"Øresund Bridge\">Øresund Bridge</a>, the busiest ferry route remains the short link across the narrowest section of the <a href=\"/wiki/%C3%98resund\" title=\"Øresund\">Øresund</a> between <a href=\"/wiki/Helsingborg\" title=\"Helsingborg\">Helsingborg</a> and the Danish port of <a href=\"/wiki/Helsing%C3%B8r\" title=\"Helsingør\">Helsingør</a>, known as the <a href=\"/wiki/HH_Ferry_route\" title=\"HH Ferry route\">HH Ferry route</a>. There are over seventy departures a day each way; during peak times, a ferry departs every fifteen minutes.<sup id=\"cite_ref-185\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-185\">[182]</a></sup> Ports higher up the Swedish west coast include <a href=\"/wiki/Varberg\" title=\"Varberg\">Varberg</a>, with a ferry connection across the <a href=\"/wiki/Kattegat\" title=\"Kattegat\">Kattegat</a> to <a href=\"/wiki/Grenaa\" title=\"Grenaa\">Grenaa</a> in Denmark, and Göteborg, serving <a href=\"/wiki/Frederikshavn\" title=\"Frederikshavn\">Frederikshavn</a> at the northern tip of Denmark and <a href=\"/wiki/Kiel\" title=\"Kiel\">Kiel</a> in Germany. Finally, there are ferries from <a href=\"/wiki/Str%C3%B6mstad\" title=\"Strömstad\">Strömstad</a> near the Norwegian border to destinations around the <a href=\"/wiki/Oslofjord\" title=\"Oslofjord\">Oslofjord</a> in Norway. There used to be ferry services to the <a href=\"/wiki/United_Kingdom\" title=\"United Kingdom\">United Kingdom</a> from Göteborg to destinations such as Immingham, Harwich and Newcastle, but these have been discontinued.</p>\n<p>Sweden has two domestic ferry lines with large vessels, both connecting Gotland with the mainland. The lines leave from Visby harbour on the island, and the ferries sail to either <a href=\"/wiki/Oskarshamn\" title=\"Oskarshamn\">Oskarshamn</a> or Nynäshamn.<sup id=\"cite_ref-186\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-186\">[183]</a></sup> A smaller car ferry connects the island of <a href=\"/wiki/Ven_(Sweden)\" title=\"Ven (Sweden)\">Ven</a> in Øresund with <a href=\"/wiki/Landskrona\" title=\"Landskrona\">Landskrona</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-187\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-187\">[184]</a></sup></p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Public_policy\">Public policy</span></h3>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">See also: <a href=\"/wiki/Nordic_model\" title=\"Nordic model\">Nordic model</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Social_welfare_in_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Social welfare in Sweden\">Social welfare in Sweden</a></div>\n<p>Sweden has one of the most highly developed welfare states in the world. According to a 2012 OECD report, the country had the second-highest public social spending as a percentage of its GDP after France (27.3% and 28.4%, respectively), and the third-highest total (public and private) social spending at 30.2% of its GDP, after France and <a href=\"/wiki/Belgium\" title=\"Belgium\">Belgium</a> (31.3% and 31.0%, respectively).<sup id=\"cite_ref-188\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-188\">[185]</a></sup> Sweden spent 6.3% of its GDP, the 9th-highest among 34 OECD countries, to provide equal access to education.<sup id=\"cite_ref-189\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-189\">[186]</a></sup> On health care, the country spent 10.0% of its total GDP, the 12th highest.<sup id=\"cite_ref-190\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-190\">[187]</a></sup></p>\n<p>Historically, Sweden provided solid support for <a href=\"/wiki/Free_trade\" title=\"Free trade\">free trade</a> (except agriculture) and mostly relatively strong and stable property rights (both private and public), though some economists have pointed out that Sweden promoted industries with tariffs and used publicly subsidised R&D during the country's early critical years of industrialisation.<sup id=\"cite_ref-H-J.C-Sweden_191-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-H-J.C-Sweden-191\">[188]</a></sup> After World War II a succession of governments expanded the welfare state by raising the taxes. During this period Sweden's economic growth was also one of the highest in the industrial world. A series of successive social reforms transformed the country into one of the most equal and developed on earth. The consistent growth of the welfare state led to Swedes achieving unprecedented levels of social mobility and quality of life—to this day Sweden consistently ranks at the top of league tables for health, literacy and Human Development—far ahead of some wealthier countries (for example the United States).<sup id=\"cite_ref-Equal_Societies_192-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Equal_Societies-192\">[189]</a></sup></p>\n<p>However, from the 1970s and onwards Sweden's GDP growth fell behind other industrialised countries and the country's per capita ranking fell from 4th to 14th place in a few decades.<sup id=\"cite_ref-eu-usa_193-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-eu-usa-193\">[190]</a></sup> From the mid-1990s until today Sweden's economic growth has once again accelerated and has been higher than in most other industrialised countries (including the US) during the last 15 years.<sup id=\"cite_ref-growth-Swe_194-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-growth-Swe-194\">[191]</a></sup> A report from the <a href=\"/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Program\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"United Nations Development Program\">United Nations Development Program</a> predicted that Sweden's rating on the <a href=\"/wiki/Human_Development_Index\" title=\"Human Development Index\">Human Development Index</a> will fall from 0.949 in 2010 to 0.906 in 2030.<sup id=\"cite_ref-195\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-195\">[192]</a></sup></p>\n<p>Sweden began slowing the expansion of the welfare state in the 1980s, and even trimming it back. Sweden has recently been relatively quick to adopt <a href=\"/wiki/Neoliberal\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Neoliberal\">neoliberal</a> policies, such as <a href=\"/wiki/Privatization\" title=\"Privatization\">privatization</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Financialization\" title=\"Financialization\">financialization</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Deregulation\" title=\"Deregulation\">deregulation</a>,<sup id=\"cite_ref-196\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-196\">[193]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-197\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-197\">[194]</a></sup> compared to countries such as France.<sup id=\"cite_ref-oecd2007_165-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-oecd2007-165\">[162]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-198\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-198\">[195]</a></sup> The current Swedish government is continuing the trend of moderate rollbacks of previous social reforms.<sup id=\"cite_ref-oecd2007_165-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-oecd2007-165\">[162]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-199\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-199\">[196]</a></sup> Growth has been higher than in many other <a href=\"/wiki/EU-15\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"EU-15\">EU-15</a> countries. Also since the mid-1980s, Sweden has had the fastest growth in inequality of any developed nation, according to the OECD. This has largely been attributed to the reduction in state benefits and a shift toward the privatisation of public services. According to Barbro Sorman, an activist of the opposition Left Party, \"The rich are getting richer, and the poor are getting poorer. Sweden is starting to look like the USA.\" Nevertheless, it remains far more egalitarian than most nations.<sup id=\"cite_ref-nytimes_76-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-nytimes-76\">[75]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-200\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-200\">[197]</a></sup> Partly as a result of these privatisations and widening economic disparity, the Swedes in the 2014 elections put the Social Democrats back in power.<sup id=\"cite_ref-201\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-201\">[198]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-202\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-202\">[199]</a></sup></p>\n<p>Sweden adopted free market agricultural policies in 1990. Since the 1930s, the agricultural sector had been subject to price controls. In June 1990, the Riksdag voted for a new agricultural policy marking a significant shift away from price controls. As a result, food prices fell somewhat. However, the liberalisations soon became moot because EU agricultural controls supervened.<sup id=\"cite_ref-203\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-203\">[200]</a></sup></p>\n<p>Since the late 1960s, Sweden has had the highest tax quota (as percentage of GDP) in the industrialised world, although today the gap has narrowed and Denmark has surpassed Sweden as the most heavily taxed country among developed countries. Sweden has a two-step <a href=\"/wiki/Progressive_tax\" title=\"Progressive tax\">progressive tax</a> scale with a municipal income tax of about 30% and an additional high-income state tax of 20–25% when a salary exceeds roughly 320,000 SEK per year. <a href=\"/wiki/Payroll_tax\" title=\"Payroll tax\">Payroll taxes</a> amount to 32%. In addition, a national <a href=\"/wiki/Value_added_tax\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Value added tax\">VAT</a> of 25% is added to many things bought by private citizens, with the exception of food (12% VAT), transportation, and books (6% VAT). Certain items are subject to additional taxes, e.g. electricity, petrol/diesel and alcoholic beverages.</p>\n<p>In 2007<sup class=\"plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update\" style=\"display:none;\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sweden&action=edit\">[update]</a></sup>, total tax revenue was 47.8% of GDP, the second-highest tax burden among developed countries, down from 49.1% 2006.<sup id=\"cite_ref-204\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-204\">[201]</a></sup> Sweden's inverted tax wedge – the amount going to the service worker's wallet – is approximately 15%, compared to 10% in Belgium, 30% in Ireland, and 50% in United States.<sup id=\"cite_ref-eu-usa_193-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-eu-usa-193\">[190]</a></sup> Public sector spending amounts to 53% of the GDP. State and municipal employees total around a third of the workforce, much more than in most Western countries. Only Denmark has a larger public sector (38% of Danish workforce). Spending on transfers is also high.</p>\n<p>In 2015 and 2016, 69 per cent of the employed workers is organised in trade unions. Union density in 2016 was 62% among blue-collar-workers (most of them in the <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Trade_Union_Confederation\" title=\"Swedish Trade Union Confederation\">Swedish Trade Union Confederation</a>, LO) and 75% among white-collar workers (most of them in the Swedish Confederation of Professional Employees, TCO, and the <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Confederation_of_Professional_Associations\" title=\"Swedish Confederation of Professional Associations\">Swedish Confederation of Professional Associations</a>, SACO).<sup id=\"cite_ref-205\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-205\">[202]</a></sup> Sweden has state-supported union unemployment funds (<a href=\"/wiki/Ghent_system\" title=\"Ghent system\">Ghent system</a>).<sup id=\"cite_ref-206\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-206\">[203]</a></sup> Trade unions have the right to elect two representatives to the board in all Swedish companies with more than 25 employees. Sweden has a relatively high amount of sick leave per worker in OECD: the average worker loses 24 days due to sickness.<sup id=\"cite_ref-oecd2005_172-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-oecd2005-172\">[169]</a></sup></p>\n<p>The unemployment rate was 7.2% in May 2017 while the employment rate was 67.4%, with the workforce consisting of 4,983,000 people while 387,000 are unemployed.<sup id=\"cite_ref-207\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-207\">[204]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-208\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-208\">[205]</a></sup> Unemployment among youth (aged 24 or younger) in 2012 was 24.2%, making Sweden the OECD country with the highest ratio of youth unemployment versus unemployment in general.<sup id=\"cite_ref-209\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-209\">[206]</a></sup></p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Science_and_technology\">Science and technology</span></h3>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_inventions\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Swedish inventions\">Swedish inventions</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:172px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:AlfredNobel_adjusted.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/AlfredNobel_adjusted.jpg/170px-AlfredNobel_adjusted.jpg\" width=\"170\" height=\"228\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/AlfredNobel_adjusted.jpg/255px-AlfredNobel_adjusted.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/AlfredNobel_adjusted.jpg/340px-AlfredNobel_adjusted.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"1872\" data-file-height=\"2516\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:AlfredNobel_adjusted.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\n<a href=\"/wiki/Alfred_Nobel\" title=\"Alfred Nobel\">Alfred Nobel</a>, inventor of dynamite and institutor of the Nobel Prize</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>In the 18th century Sweden's <a href=\"/wiki/Scientific_revolution\" title=\"Scientific revolution\">scientific revolution</a> took off. Previously, technical progress had mainly come from mainland Europe.</p>\n<p>In 1739, the <a href=\"/wiki/Royal_Swedish_Academy_of_Sciences\" title=\"Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences\">Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences</a> was founded, with people such as <a href=\"/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus\" title=\"Carl Linnaeus\">Carl Linnaeus</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Anders_Celsius\" title=\"Anders Celsius\">Anders Celsius</a> as early members. Many of the companies founded by early pioneers still remain major international brands. <a href=\"/wiki/Gustaf_Dal%C3%A9n\" title=\"Gustaf Dalén\">Gustaf Dalén</a> founded <a href=\"/wiki/AGA_AB\" title=\"AGA AB\">AGA</a>, and received the Nobel Prize for his <a href=\"/wiki/Sun_valve\" title=\"Sun valve\">sun valve</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Alfred_Nobel\" title=\"Alfred Nobel\">Alfred Nobel</a> invented <a href=\"/wiki/Dynamite\" title=\"Dynamite\">dynamite</a> and instituted the Nobel Prizes. <a href=\"/wiki/Lars_Magnus_Ericsson\" title=\"Lars Magnus Ericsson\">Lars Magnus Ericsson</a> started the company bearing his name, Ericsson, still one of the largest telecom companies in the world. <a href=\"/wiki/Jonas_Wenstr%C3%B6m\" title=\"Jonas Wenström\">Jonas Wenström</a> was an early pioneer in <a href=\"/wiki/Alternating_current\" title=\"Alternating current\">alternating current</a> and is along with <a href=\"/wiki/Serbia\" title=\"Serbia\">Serbian</a> inventor <a href=\"/wiki/Nikola_Tesla\" title=\"Nikola Tesla\">Nikola Tesla</a> credited as one of the inventors of the three-phase electrical system.<sup id=\"cite_ref-si91e_210-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-si91e-210\">[207]</a></sup></p>\n<p>The traditional engineering industry is still a major source of Swedish inventions, but pharmaceuticals, electronics and other high-tech industries are gaining ground. <a href=\"/wiki/Tetra_Pak\" title=\"Tetra Pak\">Tetra Pak</a> was an invention for storing liquid foods, invented by <a href=\"/wiki/Erik_Wallenberg\" title=\"Erik Wallenberg\">Erik Wallenberg</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Losec\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Losec\">Losec</a>, an ulcer medicine, was the world's best-selling drug in the 1990s and was developed by <a href=\"/wiki/AstraZeneca\" title=\"AstraZeneca\">AstraZeneca</a>. More recently <a href=\"/wiki/H%C3%A5kan_Lans\" title=\"Håkan Lans\">Håkan Lans</a> invented the <a href=\"/wiki/Automatic_Identification_System\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Automatic Identification System\">Automatic Identification System</a>, a worldwide standard for shipping and civil aviation navigation. A large portion of the Swedish economy is to this day based on the export of technical inventions, and many large multinational corporations from Sweden have their origins in the ingenuity of Swedish inventors.<sup id=\"cite_ref-si91e_210-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-si91e-210\">[207]</a></sup></p>\n<p>Swedish inventors held 47,112 patents in the United States in 2014<sup class=\"plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update\" style=\"display:none;\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sweden&action=edit\">[update]</a></sup>, according to the <a href=\"/wiki/United_States_Patent_and_Trademark_Office\" title=\"United States Patent and Trademark Office\">United States Patent and Trademark Office</a>. As a nation, only ten other countries hold more patents than Sweden.<sup id=\"cite_ref-211\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-211\">[208]</a></sup></p>\n<p>Combined, the public and the private sector in Sweden allocate over 3.5% of GDP to <a href=\"/wiki/Research_%26_development\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Research & development\">research & development</a> (R&D) per year, making Sweden's investment in R&D as a percentage of GDP the second-highest in the world.<sup id=\"cite_ref-212\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-212\">[209]</a></sup> For several decades the <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_government\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Swedish government\">Swedish government</a> has prioritised scientific and R&D activities. As a percentage of GDP, the Swedish government spends the most of any nation on research and development.<sup id=\"cite_ref-213\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-213\">[210]</a></sup> Sweden tops other European countries in the number of published scientific works per capita.<sup id=\"cite_ref-214\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-214\">[211]</a></sup></p>\n<div class=\"center\">\n<div class=\"thumb tnone\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:602px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Swedish-ESO_Submillimetre_Telescope_The_Sentinel.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Swedish-ESO_Submillimetre_Telescope_The_Sentinel.jpg/600px-Swedish-ESO_Submillimetre_Telescope_The_Sentinel.jpg\" width=\"600\" height=\"105\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Swedish-ESO_Submillimetre_Telescope_The_Sentinel.jpg/900px-Swedish-ESO_Submillimetre_Telescope_The_Sentinel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Swedish-ESO_Submillimetre_Telescope_The_Sentinel.jpg/1200px-Swedish-ESO_Submillimetre_Telescope_The_Sentinel.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"1280\" data-file-height=\"223\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Swedish-ESO_Submillimetre_Telescope_The_Sentinel.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nSwedish–<a href=\"/wiki/European_Southern_Observatory\" title=\"European Southern Observatory\">ESO</a> Submillimetre Telescope discovered the <a href=\"/wiki/Boomerang_Nebula\" title=\"Boomerang Nebula\">Boomerang Nebula</a> and the first extragalactic <a href=\"/wiki/Astrophysical_maser\" title=\"Astrophysical maser\">silicon monoxide maser</a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-215\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-215\">[212]</a></sup></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>In 2009, the decisions to construct Sweden's two largest scientific installations, the synchrotron radiation facility <a href=\"/wiki/MAX_IV\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"MAX IV\">MAX IV</a> and the European Spallation Source, were taken.<sup id=\"cite_ref-216\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-216\">[213]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-217\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-217\">[214]</a></sup> Both installations will be built in <a href=\"/wiki/Lund\" title=\"Lund\">Lund</a>. The <a href=\"/wiki/European_Spallation_Source\" title=\"European Spallation Source\">European Spallation Source</a>, costing some SEK 14 billion to construct,<sup id=\"cite_ref-218\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-218\">[215]</a></sup> will be operational in 2019 and will give an approximately 30 times stronger neutron beam than any of today's existing neutron source installations.<sup id=\"cite_ref-219\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-219\">[216]</a></sup> The MAX IV, costing some SEK 3 billion, will be operational in 2015. Both facilities have strong implications on material research.</p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Demographics\">Demographics</span></h2>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main articles: <a href=\"/wiki/Demographics_of_Sweden\" title=\"Demographics of Sweden\">Demographics of Sweden</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Swedes\" title=\"Swedes\">Swedes</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:DIMG_5456_(4735649602).jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/DIMG_5456_%284735649602%29.jpg/220px-DIMG_5456_%284735649602%29.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"168\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/DIMG_5456_%284735649602%29.jpg/330px-DIMG_5456_%284735649602%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/DIMG_5456_%284735649602%29.jpg/440px-DIMG_5456_%284735649602%29.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"4000\" data-file-height=\"3060\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:DIMG_5456_(4735649602).jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nSwedes celebrating <a href=\"/wiki/Midsummer\" title=\"Midsummer\">Midsummer</a> (Swedish: Midsommar)</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>The total resident population of Sweden was 10,112,669 on 30 November 2017.<sup id=\"cite_ref-population_4-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-population-4\">[3]</a></sup> The population exceeded 9 million for the first time on approximately 12 August 2004 and 9.5 million in the spring of 2012, according to Statistics Sweden.<sup id=\"cite_ref-220\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-220\">[217]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-221\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-221\">[218]</a></sup> The population density is 20.6 people per km² (53.3 per square mile) and it is substantially higher in the south than in the north. About 85% of the population live in urban areas.<sup id=\"cite_ref-publikationer2007_14-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-publikationer2007-14\">[13]</a></sup> The capital city Stockholm has a municipal population of about 900,000 (with 1.3 million in the urban area and 2 million in the metropolitan area). The second- and third-largest cities are Gothenburg and Malmö. Greater Gothenburg counts close to a million inhabitants and the same goes for the western part of Scania, around the Öresund. Together with Greater Copenhagen, the entire population around the Öresund counts close to 3 million in a land area of less than 6,000 square kilometres (2,300 sq mi). Outside of major cities, areas with notably higher population density include the agricultural part of Östergötland, the western coast, the area around Lake Mälaren and the agricultural area around Uppsala.</p>\n<p>Norrland, which covers approximately 60% of the Swedish territory, has a very low population density (below 5 people per square kilometre). The mountains and most of the remote coastal areas are almost unpopulated. Low population density exists also in large parts of western Svealand, as well as southern and central Småland. An area known as <i>Finnveden</i>, which is located in the south-west of Småland, and mainly below the 57th parallel, can also be considered as almost empty of people.</p>\n<p>Between 1820 and 1930, approximately 1.3 million Swedes, a third of the country's population, <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_emigration_to_North_America\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Swedish emigration to North America\">emigrated to North America</a>, and most of them to the United States. There are more than 4.4 million <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Americans\" title=\"Swedish Americans\">Swedish Americans</a> according to a 2006 US Census Bureau estimate.<sup id=\"cite_ref-222\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-222\">[219]</a></sup> In Canada, the community of <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Canadian\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Swedish Canadian\">Swedish ancestry</a> is 330,000 strong.<sup id=\"cite_ref-223\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-223\">[220]</a></sup></p>\n<p>There are no official statistics on ethnicity, but according to Statistics Sweden, around 3,060,115 (30.6%) inhabitants of Sweden were of a <a href=\"/wiki/Immigration_to_Sweden\" title=\"Immigration to Sweden\">foreign background</a> in 2016, defined as being born abroad or born in Sweden with at least one parent born abroad.<sup id=\"cite_ref-224\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-224\">[221]</a></sup> The most common countries of origin were Finland (1.53%), Syria (1.49%), Iraq (1.35%), Poland (0.89%) and Iran (0.71%).<sup id=\"cite_ref-225\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-225\">[222]</a></sup></p>\n<table class=\"navbox\">\n<tr>\n<th colspan=\"12\" class=\"navbox-title\">\n<div style=\"float:right; width:6em; height:2.6em\"> </div>\n<div class=\"plainlinks hlist navbar mini\" style=\"float: left;height:2.6em;\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"nv-view\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template:Largest_cities_of_Sweden\" title=\"Template:Largest cities of Sweden\"><abbr title=\"View this template\">v</abbr></a></li>\n<li class=\"nv-talk\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template_talk:Largest_cities_of_Sweden\" title=\"Template talk:Largest cities of Sweden\"><abbr title=\"Discuss this template\">t</abbr></a></li>\n<li class=\"nv-edit\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Largest_cities_of_Sweden&action=edit\"><abbr title=\"Edit this template\">e</abbr></a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<div style=\"height:2.6em;line-height:1.3em;\"><span style=\"font-size:110%;\">Largest cities or towns in Sweden</span><br />\n<span style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://webbutik.skl.se/sv/artiklar/kommungruppsindelning-2017.html\">\"Kommungruppsindelning 2017\"</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2017-09-16</span></span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kommungruppsindelning+2017&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwebbutik.skl.se%2Fsv%2Fartiklar%2Fkommungruppsindelning-2017.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span> (2017) & <cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.scb.se/hitta-statistik/statistik-efter-amne/befolkning/befolkningens-sammansattning/befolkningsstatistik/pong/tabell-och-diagram/kvartals--och-halvarsstatistik--kommun-lan-och-riket/kvartal-1-2017/\">\"SCB befolkningsstatistik\"</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2017-09-22</span></span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SCB+befolkningsstatistik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scb.se%2Fhitta-statistik%2Fstatistik-efter-amne%2Fbefolkning%2Fbefolkningens-sammansattning%2Fbefolkningsstatistik%2Fpong%2Ftabell-och-diagram%2Fkvartals--och-halvarsstatistik--kommun-lan-och-riket%2Fkvartal-1-2017%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span> (2017)</span></div>\n</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th></th>\n<th><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Sweden_by_population\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"List of cities in Sweden by population\">Rank</a></th>\n<th><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Sweden\" title=\"List of cities in Sweden\">Name</a></th>\n<th><a href=\"/wiki/Counties_of_Sweden\" title=\"Counties of Sweden\">County</a></th>\n<th><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Sweden_by_population\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"List of cities in Sweden by population\">Pop.</a></th>\n<th><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Sweden_by_metropolitan_population\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"List of cities in Sweden by metropolitan population\">Metro.</a></th>\n<th><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Sweden_by_population\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"List of cities in Sweden by population\">Rank</a></th>\n<th><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Sweden\" title=\"List of cities in Sweden\">Name</a></th>\n<th><a href=\"/wiki/Counties_of_Sweden\" title=\"Counties of Sweden\">County</a></th>\n<th><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Sweden_by_population\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"List of cities in Sweden by population\">Pop.</a></th>\n<th><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Sweden_by_metropolitan_population\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"List of cities in Sweden by metropolitan population\">Metro.</a></th>\n<th></th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"12\" style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Stockholm_8721-B_(9870833193).jpg\" class=\"image\" title=\"Stockholm\"><img alt=\"Stockholm\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Stockholm_8721-B_%289870833193%29.jpg/120px-Stockholm_8721-B_%289870833193%29.jpg\" width=\"120\" height=\"79\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Stockholm_8721-B_%289870833193%29.jpg/180px-Stockholm_8721-B_%289870833193%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Stockholm_8721-B_%289870833193%29.jpg/240px-Stockholm_8721-B_%289870833193%29.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"7295\" data-file-height=\"4815\" /></a><br />\n<a href=\"/wiki/Stockholm\" title=\"Stockholm\">Stockholm</a><br />\n<a href=\"/wiki/File:G%C3%B6teborg_-_KMB_-_16001000011804.jpg\" class=\"image\" title=\"Gothenburg\"><img alt=\"Gothenburg\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/G%C3%B6teborg_-_KMB_-_16001000011804.jpg/120px-G%C3%B6teborg_-_KMB_-_16001000011804.jpg\" width=\"120\" height=\"80\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/G%C3%B6teborg_-_KMB_-_16001000011804.jpg/180px-G%C3%B6teborg_-_KMB_-_16001000011804.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/G%C3%B6teborg_-_KMB_-_16001000011804.jpg/240px-G%C3%B6teborg_-_KMB_-_16001000011804.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"768\" data-file-height=\"510\" /></a><br />\n<a href=\"/wiki/Gothenburg\" title=\"Gothenburg\">Gothenburg</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;\">1</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Stockholm\" title=\"Stockholm\">Stockholm</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Stockholm_County\" title=\"Stockholm County\">Stockholm</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">911,700</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">2,058,300</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;\">11</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Lund\" title=\"Lund\">Lund</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Sk%C3%A5ne_County\" title=\"Skåne County\">Skåne</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">86,800</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">197,300</td>\n<td rowspan=\"12\" style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:V%C3%A4stra_hamnen%E2%80%93flygbild_06_september_2014-2.jpg\" class=\"image\" title=\"Malmö\"><img alt=\"Malmö\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/V%C3%A4stra_hamnen%E2%80%93flygbild_06_september_2014-2.jpg/120px-V%C3%A4stra_hamnen%E2%80%93flygbild_06_september_2014-2.jpg\" width=\"120\" height=\"66\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/V%C3%A4stra_hamnen%E2%80%93flygbild_06_september_2014-2.jpg/180px-V%C3%A4stra_hamnen%E2%80%93flygbild_06_september_2014-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/V%C3%A4stra_hamnen%E2%80%93flygbild_06_september_2014-2.jpg/240px-V%C3%A4stra_hamnen%E2%80%93flygbild_06_september_2014-2.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"3888\" data-file-height=\"2133\" /></a><br />\n<a href=\"/wiki/Malm%C3%B6\" title=\"Malmö\">Malmö</a><br />\n<a href=\"/wiki/File:Uppsala_cathedral,_northern_side,_from_the_Fyris_river.jpg\" class=\"image\" title=\"Uppsala\"><img alt=\"Uppsala\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Uppsala_cathedral%2C_northern_side%2C_from_the_Fyris_river.jpg/120px-Uppsala_cathedral%2C_northern_side%2C_from_the_Fyris_river.jpg\" width=\"120\" height=\"82\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Uppsala_cathedral%2C_northern_side%2C_from_the_Fyris_river.jpg/180px-Uppsala_cathedral%2C_northern_side%2C_from_the_Fyris_river.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Uppsala_cathedral%2C_northern_side%2C_from_the_Fyris_river.jpg/240px-Uppsala_cathedral%2C_northern_side%2C_from_the_Fyris_river.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"4450\" data-file-height=\"3026\" /></a><br />\n<a href=\"/wiki/Uppsala\" title=\"Uppsala\">Uppsala</a></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;\">2</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Gothenburg\" title=\"Gothenburg\">Gothenburg</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/V%C3%A4stra_G%C3%B6taland_County\" title=\"Västra Götaland County\">Västra Götaland</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">507,500</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">964,300</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;\">12</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Ume%C3%A5\" title=\"Umeå\">Umeå</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/V%C3%A4sterbotten_County\" title=\"Västerbotten County\">Västerbotten</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">82,900</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">137,800</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;\">3</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Malm%C3%B6\" title=\"Malmö\">Malmö</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Sk%C3%A5ne_County\" title=\"Skåne County\">Skåne</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">287,200</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">523,500</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;\">13</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/G%C3%A4vle\" title=\"Gävle\">Gävle</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/G%C3%A4vleborg_County\" title=\"Gävleborg County\">Gävleborg</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">73,900</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">107,500</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;\">4</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Uppsala\" title=\"Uppsala\">Uppsala</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Uppsala_County\" title=\"Uppsala County\">Uppsala</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">147,500</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">257,200</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;\">14</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/S%C3%B6dert%C3%A4lje\" title=\"Södertälje\">Södertälje</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Stockholm_County\" title=\"Stockholm County\">Stockholm</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">69,200</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">158,300</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;\">5</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/V%C3%A4ster%C3%A5s\" title=\"Västerås\">Västerås</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/V%C3%A4stmanland_County\" title=\"Västmanland County\">Västmanland</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">116,400</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">169,200</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;\">15</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Bor%C3%A5s\" title=\"Borås\">Borås</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/V%C3%A4stra_G%C3%B6taland_County\" title=\"Västra Götaland County\">Västra Götaland</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">69,000</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">151,300</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;\">6</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/%C3%96rebro\" title=\"Örebro\">Örebro</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/%C3%96rebro_County\" title=\"Örebro County\">Örebro</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">113,400</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">196,700</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;\">16</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Eskilstuna\" title=\"Eskilstuna\">Eskilstuna</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/S%C3%B6dermanland_County\" title=\"Södermanland County\">Södermanland</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">68,500</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">100,900</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;\">7</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Link%C3%B6ping\" title=\"Linköping\">Linköping</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/%C3%96sterg%C3%B6tland_County\" title=\"Östergötland County\">Östergötland</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">108,100</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">189,800</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;\">17</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Karlstad\" title=\"Karlstad\">Karlstad</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/V%C3%A4rmland_County\" title=\"Värmland County\">Värmland</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">63,900</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">136,000</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;\">8</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Helsingborg\" title=\"Helsingborg\">Helsingborg</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Sk%C3%A5ne_County\" title=\"Skåne County\">Skåne</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">101,400</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">321,500</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;\">18</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/V%C3%A4xj%C3%B6\" title=\"Växjö\">Växjö</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Kronoberg_County\" title=\"Kronoberg County\">Kronoberg</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">63,400</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">114,800</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;\">9</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/J%C3%B6nk%C3%B6ping\" title=\"Jönköping\">Jönköping</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/J%C3%B6nk%C3%B6ping_County\" title=\"Jönköping County\">Jönköping</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">92,700</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">156,700</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;\">19</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Halmstad\" title=\"Halmstad\">Halmstad</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Halland_County\" title=\"Halland County\">Halland</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">61,400</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">119,300</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;\">10</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Norrk%C3%B6ping\" title=\"Norrköping\">Norrköping</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/%C3%96sterg%C3%B6tland_County\" title=\"Östergötland County\">Östergötland</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">91,300</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">149,600</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center;background:#f0f0f0;\">20</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Sundsvall\" title=\"Sundsvall\">Sundsvall</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\"><a href=\"/wiki/V%C3%A4sternorrland_County\" title=\"Västernorrland County\">Västernorrland</a></td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">51,600</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">115,300</td>\n</tr>\n</table>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Language\">Language</span></h3>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main articles: <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_language\" title=\"Swedish language\">Swedish language</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Languages_of_Sweden\" title=\"Languages of Sweden\">Languages of Sweden</a></div>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">See also: <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_dialects\" title=\"Swedish dialects\">Swedish dialects</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tleft\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Distribution-sv.png\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Distribution-sv.png/220px-Distribution-sv.png\" width=\"220\" height=\"260\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Distribution-sv.png/330px-Distribution-sv.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Distribution-sv.png/440px-Distribution-sv.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1650\" data-file-height=\"1950\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Distribution-sv.png\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nDistribution of speakers of the Swedish language</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>The official language of Sweden is Swedish,<sup id=\"cite_ref-Swedish_8-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Swedish-8\">[7]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-Swedish2_9-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Swedish2-9\">[8]</a></sup> a North Germanic language, related and very similar to <a href=\"/wiki/Danish_language\" title=\"Danish language\">Danish</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Norwegian_language\" title=\"Norwegian language\">Norwegian</a>, but differing in pronunciation and <a href=\"/wiki/Orthography\" title=\"Orthography\">orthography</a>. Norwegians have little difficulty understanding Swedish, and Danes can also understand it, with slightly more difficulty than Norwegians. The same goes for standard Swedish speakers, who find it far easier to understand Norwegian than Danish. The <a href=\"/wiki/Scanian_dialects\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Scanian dialects\">dialects spoken in Scania</a>, the southernmost part of the country, are influenced by Danish because <a href=\"/wiki/Sk%C3%A5neland\" title=\"Skåneland\">the region traditionally was a part of Denmark</a> and is nowadays situated closely to it. <a href=\"/wiki/Sweden_Finns\" title=\"Sweden Finns\">Sweden Finns</a> are Sweden's largest linguistic minority, comprising about 5% of Sweden's population,<sup id=\"cite_ref-Finns_226-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Finns-226\">[223]</a></sup> and Finnish is recognised as a minority language.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Swedish2_9-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Swedish2-9\">[8]</a></sup> With a large influx of native speakers of <a href=\"/wiki/Arabic_language\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Arabic language\">Arabic</a> in latter years, the prevalence of native Arab speakers is likely more widespread than actual usage of Finnish. The actual number is unknown, since no official statistics are kept.<sup id=\"cite_ref-227\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-227\">[224]</a></sup></p>\n<p>Along with Finnish, <a href=\"/wiki/Minority_languages_of_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Minority languages of Sweden\">four other minority languages</a> are also recognised: <a href=\"/wiki/Me%C3%A4nkieli\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Meänkieli\">Meänkieli</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Sami_languages\" title=\"Sami languages\">Sami</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Romani_language\" title=\"Romani language\">Romani</a>, and <a href=\"/wiki/Yiddish_language\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Yiddish language\">Yiddish</a>. Swedish became Sweden's official language on 1 July 2009, when a new language law was implemented.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Swedish2_9-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Swedish2-9\">[8]</a></sup> The issue of whether Swedish should be declared the official language has been raised in the past, and the Riksdag voted on the matter in 2005, but the proposal narrowly failed.<sup id=\"cite_ref-228\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-228\">[225]</a></sup></p>\n<p>In varying degrees, depending largely on frequency of interaction with English, a majority of Swedes, especially those born after World War II, understand and speak English, owing to trade links, the popularity of overseas travel, a strong Anglo-American influence and the tradition of <a href=\"/wiki/Subtitle_(captioning)\" title=\"Subtitle (captioning)\">subtitling</a> rather than dubbing foreign television shows and films, and the <a href=\"/wiki/Germanic_languages\" title=\"Germanic languages\">relative similarity</a> of the two languages which makes learning English easier. In a 2005 survey by <a href=\"/wiki/Eurobarometer\" title=\"Eurobarometer\">Eurobarometer</a>, 89% of Swedes reported the ability to speak English.<sup id=\"cite_ref-229\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-229\">[226]</a></sup></p>\n<p>English became a compulsory subject for secondary school students studying <a href=\"/wiki/Natural_science\" title=\"Natural science\">natural sciences</a> as early as 1849, and has been a compulsory subject for all Swedish students since the late 1940s.<sup id=\"cite_ref-230\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-230\">[227]</a></sup> Depending on the local school authorities, English is currently a compulsory subject between <a href=\"/wiki/First_grade\" title=\"First grade\">first grade</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Ninth_grade\" title=\"Ninth grade\">ninth grade</a>, with all students continuing in secondary school studying English for at least another year. Most students also study one and sometimes two additional languages. These include (but are not limited to) German, French and Spanish. Some Danish and Norwegian is at times also taught as part of Swedish courses for native speakers. Because of the extensive <a href=\"/wiki/Mutual_intelligibility\" title=\"Mutual intelligibility\">mutual intelligibility</a> between the three continental <a href=\"/wiki/Scandinavian_language\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Scandinavian language\">Scandinavian languages</a> Swedish speakers often use their native language when visiting or living in Norway or Denmark.</p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Religion\">Religion</span></h3>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/Religion_in_Sweden\" title=\"Religion in Sweden\">Religion in Sweden</a></div>\n<table cellpadding=\"3\" cellspacing=\"0\" rules=\"all\" style=\"float:right; width:250px; margin:1em; background:#fff; border:2px solid #aaa; font-size:100%;\">\n<tr style=\"background:#ddd;\">\n<td colspan=\"8\" style=\"text-align:center;\"><b>Church of Sweden<sup id=\"cite_ref-svenskakyrkan_1972-2012_231-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-svenskakyrkan_1972-2012-231\">[228]</a></sup></b><br /></td>\n</tr>\n<tr style=\"background:#f0f0f0; text-align:left;\">\n<th>Year</th>\n<th>Population</th>\n<th>Church members</th>\n<th>Percentage</th>\n</tr>\n<tr style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<td>1972</td>\n<td>8,146,000</td>\n<td>7,754,784</td>\n<td>95.2%</td>\n</tr>\n<tr style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<td>1980</td>\n<td>8,278,000</td>\n<td>7,690,636</td>\n<td>92.9%</td>\n</tr>\n<tr style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<td>1990</td>\n<td>8,573,000</td>\n<td>7,630,350</td>\n<td>89.0%</td>\n</tr>\n<tr style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<td>2000</td>\n<td>8,880,000</td>\n<td>7,360,825</td>\n<td>82.9%</td>\n</tr>\n<tr style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<td>2010</td>\n<td>9,415,570</td>\n<td>6,589,769</td>\n<td>70.0%</td>\n</tr>\n<tr style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<td>2011</td>\n<td>9,482,855</td>\n<td>6,519,889</td>\n<td>68.8%</td>\n</tr>\n<tr style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<td>2012</td>\n<td>9,555,893</td>\n<td>6,446,729</td>\n<td>67.5%</td>\n</tr>\n<tr style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<td>2013</td>\n<td>9,644,864</td>\n<td>6,357,508</td>\n<td>65.9%</td>\n</tr>\n<tr style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<td>2014</td>\n<td>9,747,355</td>\n<td>6,292,264</td>\n<td>64.6%<sup id=\"cite_ref-svenskakyrkan_2014_232-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-svenskakyrkan_2014-232\">[229]</a></sup></td>\n</tr>\n<tr style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<td>2015</td>\n<td>9,850,452</td>\n<td>6,225,091</td>\n<td>63.2%</td>\n</tr>\n<tr style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<td>2016</td>\n<td>9,995,153</td>\n<td>6,116,480</td>\n<td>61.2%<sup id=\"cite_ref-svenskakyrkan_2014_232-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-svenskakyrkan_2014-232\">[229]</a></sup></td>\n</tr>\n</table>\n<p>Before the 11th century, Swedes adhered to <a href=\"/wiki/Norse_paganism\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Norse paganism\">Norse paganism</a>, worshiping <a href=\"/wiki/%C3%86sir\" title=\"Æsir\">Æsir</a> gods, with its centre at the <a href=\"/wiki/Temple_at_Uppsala\" title=\"Temple at Uppsala\">Temple in Uppsala</a>. With <a href=\"/wiki/Christianisation\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Christianisation\">Christianisation</a> in the 11th century, the laws of the country changed, forbidding worship of other deities into the late 19th century. After the <a href=\"/wiki/Protestant_Reformation\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Protestant Reformation\">Protestant Reformation</a> in the 1530s, a change led by <a href=\"/wiki/Martin_Luther\" title=\"Martin Luther\">Martin Luther</a>'s Swedish associate <a href=\"/wiki/Olaus_Petri\" title=\"Olaus Petri\">Olaus Petri</a>, the authority of the <a href=\"/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Roman Catholic Church\">Roman Catholic Church</a> was abolished and <a href=\"/wiki/Lutheranism\" title=\"Lutheranism\">Lutheranism</a> became widespread. Adoption of Lutheranism was completed by the <a href=\"/wiki/Uppsala_Synod\" title=\"Uppsala Synod\">Uppsala Synod</a> of 1593, and it became the official religion. During the era following the Reformation, usually known as the period of <a href=\"/wiki/Lutheran_orthodoxy\" title=\"Lutheran orthodoxy\">Lutheran orthodoxy</a>, small groups of non-Lutherans, especially <a href=\"/wiki/Calvinism\" title=\"Calvinism\">Calvinist</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Dutch_people\" title=\"Dutch people\">Dutchmen</a>, the <a href=\"/wiki/Moravian_Church\" title=\"Moravian Church\">Moravian Church</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/French_Huguenots\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"French Huguenots\">French Huguenots</a> played a significant role in trade and industry, and were quietly tolerated as long as they kept a low religious profile.<sup id=\"cite_ref-233\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-233\">[230]</a></sup> The <a href=\"/wiki/Sami_people\" title=\"Sami people\">Sami</a> originally had their own <a href=\"/wiki/Animism\" title=\"Animism\">shamanistic religion</a>, but they converted to Lutheranism by Swedish missionaries in the 17th and 18th centuries.</p>\n<div class=\"thumb tleft\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Katarina_kyrka_February_2015_02.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Katarina_kyrka_February_2015_02.jpg/220px-Katarina_kyrka_February_2015_02.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"147\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Katarina_kyrka_February_2015_02.jpg/330px-Katarina_kyrka_February_2015_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Katarina_kyrka_February_2015_02.jpg/440px-Katarina_kyrka_February_2015_02.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"4881\" data-file-height=\"3258\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Katarina_kyrka_February_2015_02.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nThe Protestant <a href=\"/wiki/Katarina_Church\" title=\"Katarina Church\">Katarina Church</a> in Stockholm</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"thumb tleft\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Moske_Malmo_2014Jun17_0002-3.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Moske_Malmo_2014Jun17_0002-3.jpg/220px-Moske_Malmo_2014Jun17_0002-3.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"146\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Moske_Malmo_2014Jun17_0002-3.jpg/330px-Moske_Malmo_2014Jun17_0002-3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Moske_Malmo_2014Jun17_0002-3.jpg/440px-Moske_Malmo_2014Jun17_0002-3.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"4746\" data-file-height=\"3155\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Moske_Malmo_2014Jun17_0002-3.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nThe second oldest mosque in Sweden is the <a href=\"/wiki/Malm%C3%B6_Mosque\" title=\"Malmö Mosque\">Malmö Mosque</a></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>With religious liberalisations in the late 18th century believers of other faiths, including <a href=\"/wiki/Judaism\" title=\"Judaism\">Judaism</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Roman_Catholicism\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Roman Catholicism\">Roman Catholicism</a>, were allowed to live and work freely in the country. However, until 1860 it remained illegal for Lutherans to convert to another religion. The 19th century saw the arrival of various <a href=\"/wiki/Low_church\" title=\"Low church\">evangelical</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Free_church\" title=\"Free church\">free churches</a>, and, towards the end of the century, <a href=\"/wiki/Secularism\" title=\"Secularism\">secularism</a>, leading many to distance themselves from church rituals. Leaving the Church of Sweden became legal with the so-called dissenter law of 1860, but only under the provision of entering another <a href=\"/wiki/Christian_denomination\" title=\"Christian denomination\">Christian denomination</a>. The right to stand outside any religious denomination was formally established in the Law on <a href=\"/wiki/Freedom_of_religion\" title=\"Freedom of religion\">Freedom of religion</a> in 1951.</p>\n<p>In 2000, the <a href=\"/wiki/Church_of_Sweden\" title=\"Church of Sweden\">Church of Sweden</a> was disestablished. Sweden was the second <a href=\"/wiki/Nordic_country\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Nordic country\">Nordic country</a> to <a href=\"/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state\" title=\"Separation of church and state\">disestablish</a> its <a href=\"/wiki/State_church\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"State church\">state church</a> (after <a href=\"/wiki/Finland\" title=\"Finland\">Finland</a> did so in the Church Act of 1869).<sup id=\"cite_ref-234\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-234\">[231]</a></sup></p>\n<p>At the end of 2016, 61.2% of Swedes belonged to the <a href=\"/wiki/Church_of_Sweden\" title=\"Church of Sweden\">Church of Sweden</a>; this number has been decreasing by about 1.5 percentage points a year for the last 5 years and one percentage point a year on average for the last two decades.<sup id=\"cite_ref-svenskakyrkan.se_235-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-svenskakyrkan.se-235\">[232]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-thelocal1_236-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-thelocal1-236\">[233]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-237\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-237\">[234]</a></sup> Approximately 2% of the church's members regularly attend Sunday services.<sup id=\"cite_ref-238\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-238\">[235]</a></sup> The reason for the large number of inactive members is partly that, until 1996, children automatically became members at birth if at least one of the parents was a member. Since 1996, only children that are christened become members. Some 275,000 Swedes are today members of various <a href=\"/wiki/Evangelical_Protestant\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Evangelical Protestant\">Evangelical Protestant</a> free churches (where congregation attendance is much higher), and immigration caused that there are now some 92,000 Roman Catholics and 100,000 <a href=\"/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church\" title=\"Eastern Orthodox Church\">Eastern Orthodox Christians</a> living in Sweden.<sup id=\"cite_ref-239\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-239\">[236]</a></sup></p>\n<p>The first Muslim congregation was established in 1949, when a small contingent of <a href=\"/wiki/Tatars\" title=\"Tatars\">Tatars</a> migrated from Finland. Islam's presence in Sweden remained marginal until the 1960s, when Sweden started to receive migrants from <a href=\"/wiki/The_Balkans\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"The Balkans\">the Balkans</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Turkey\" title=\"Turkey\">Turkey</a>. Further immigration from <a href=\"/wiki/North_Africa\" title=\"North Africa\">North Africa</a> and the <a href=\"/wiki/Middle_East\" title=\"Middle East\">Middle East</a> have brought the estimated <a href=\"/wiki/Islam_in_Sweden\" title=\"Islam in Sweden\">Muslim population</a> to 600,000.<sup id=\"cite_ref-240\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-240\">[237]</a></sup> However, only about 110,000 were members of a congregation around 2010.<sup id=\"cite_ref-241\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-241\">[238]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-242\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-242\">[239]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-243\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-243\">[240]</a></sup></p>\n<p>According to the <a href=\"/wiki/Eurobarometer\" title=\"Eurobarometer\">Eurobarometer Poll</a> 2010,<sup id=\"cite_ref-Special_Eurobarometer_393_244-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Special_Eurobarometer_393-244\">[241]</a></sup></p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>18%</b> of Swedish citizens responded that \"they believe there is a god\".</li>\n<li><b>45%</b> answered that \"they believe there is some sort of spirit or life force\".</li>\n<li><b>34%</b> answered that \"they do not believe there is any sort of spirit, god, or life force\".</li>\n</ul>\n<p>According to a Demoskop study in 2015 about the beliefs of the Swedish showed that</p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>21%</b> believed in a god (down from 35 percent in 2008).</li>\n<li><b>16%</b> believed in ghosts.</li>\n<li><b>14%</b> believed in creationism or intelligent design.<sup id=\"cite_ref-245\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-245\">[242]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-246\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-246\">[243]</a></sup></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Sociology professor Phil Zuckerman claims that Swedes, despite a lack of belief in God, commonly question the term <a href=\"/wiki/Atheist\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Atheist\">atheist</a>, preferring to call themselves Christians while being content with remaining in the Church of Sweden.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Peter_Steinfels_247-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Peter_Steinfels-247\">[244]</a></sup> Other research has shown that religion in Sweden continues to play a role in cultural identity.<sup id=\"cite_ref-David_Herbert_248-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-David_Herbert-248\">[245]</a></sup> This is evidenced by the fact that around 70% of adults continue to remain members of the Swedish Church<sup id=\"cite_ref-249\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-249\">[246]</a></sup> despite having to pay a <a href=\"/wiki/Church_tax\" title=\"Church tax\">church tax</a> for being a member; moreover, rates of <a href=\"/wiki/Baptism\" title=\"Baptism\">baptism</a> remain high and <a href=\"/wiki/Christian_views_on_marriage\" title=\"Christian views on marriage\">church weddings</a> are increasing.<sup id=\"cite_ref-David_Herbert_248-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-David_Herbert-248\">[245]</a></sup></p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Health\">Health</span></h2>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">See also: <a href=\"/wiki/Healthcare_in_Sweden\" title=\"Healthcare in Sweden\">Healthcare in Sweden</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_National_Board_of_Health_and_Welfare\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare\">Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare</a></div>\n<p>Healthcare in Sweden is similar in quality to other developed nations. Sweden ranks in the top five countries with respect to low <a href=\"/wiki/Infant_mortality\" title=\"Infant mortality\">infant mortality</a>. It also ranks high in <a href=\"/wiki/Life_expectancy\" title=\"Life expectancy\">life expectancy</a> and in safe <a href=\"/wiki/Drinking_water\" title=\"Drinking water\">drinking water</a>. A person seeking care first contacts a clinic for a doctor's appointment, and may then be referred to a specialist by the clinic physician, who may in turn recommend either in-patient or out-patient treatment, or an elective care option. The health care is governed by the 21 <a href=\"/wiki/County_Councils_of_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"County Councils of Sweden\">landsting</a> of Sweden and is mainly funded by taxes, with nominal fees for patients.</p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Education\">Education</span></h2>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/Education_in_Sweden\" title=\"Education in Sweden\">Education in Sweden</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:172px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Entrance_hall_of_Uppsala_University_main_building.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Entrance_hall_of_Uppsala_University_main_building.jpg/170px-Entrance_hall_of_Uppsala_University_main_building.jpg\" width=\"170\" height=\"236\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Entrance_hall_of_Uppsala_University_main_building.jpg/255px-Entrance_hall_of_Uppsala_University_main_building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Entrance_hall_of_Uppsala_University_main_building.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"322\" data-file-height=\"447\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Entrance_hall_of_Uppsala_University_main_building.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\n<a href=\"/wiki/Uppsala_University\" title=\"Uppsala University\">Uppsala University</a> (established 1477)</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>Children aged 1–5 years old are guaranteed a place in a public <a href=\"/wiki/Kindergarten\" title=\"Kindergarten\">kindergarten</a> (<a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_language\" title=\"Swedish language\">Swedish</a>: <i><span lang=\"sv\">förskola</span></i> or, colloquially, <i>dagis</i>). Between the ages of 6 and 16, children attend compulsory comprehensive school. In the <a href=\"/wiki/Programme_for_International_Student_Assessment\" title=\"Programme for International Student Assessment\">Programme for International Student Assessment</a> (PISA), Swedish 15-year-old pupils score close to the OECD average.<sup id=\"cite_ref-250\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-250\">[247]</a></sup> After completing the 9th grade, about 90% of the students continue with a three-year upper secondary school (<i>gymnasium</i>), which can lead to both a job qualification or entrance eligibility to university. The school system is largely financed by taxes.</p>\n<p>The Swedish government treats public and independent schools equally<sup id=\"cite_ref-swedishmodeleconomist_251-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-swedishmodeleconomist-251\">[248]</a></sup> by introducing <a href=\"/wiki/Education_voucher\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Education voucher\">education vouchers</a> in 1992 as one of the first countries in the world after the Netherlands. Anyone can establish a for-profit school and the municipality must pay new schools the same amount as municipal schools get. School lunch is free for all students in Sweden, and providing breakfast is also encouraged.<sup id=\"cite_ref-252\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-252\">[249]</a></sup></p>\n<p>There are a number of different <a href=\"/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"List of universities in Sweden\">universities and colleges in Sweden</a>, the oldest and largest of which are situated in <a href=\"/wiki/Uppsala_University\" title=\"Uppsala University\">Uppsala</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Lund_University\" title=\"Lund University\">Lund</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/University_of_Gothenburg\" title=\"University of Gothenburg\">Gothenburg</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Stockholm_University\" title=\"Stockholm University\">Stockholm</a>. In 2000, 32% of Swedish people held a <a href=\"/wiki/Tertiary_education\" title=\"Tertiary education\">tertiary degree</a>, making the country 5th in the OECD in that category.<sup id=\"cite_ref-253\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-253\">[250]</a></sup> Along with several other European countries, the government also subsidises tuition of international students pursuing a degree at Swedish institutions, although a recent bill passed in the Riksdag will limit this subsidy to students from EEA countries and Switzerland.<sup id=\"cite_ref-254\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-254\">[251]</a></sup></p>\n<p>The large influx of immigrants to Swedish schools has been cited as a significant part of the reason why Sweden has dropped more than any other European country in the international <a href=\"/wiki/PISA\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"PISA\">PISA</a> rankings.<sup id=\"cite_ref-255\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-255\">[252]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-256\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-256\">[253]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-257\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-257\">[254]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-258\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-258\">[255]</a></sup></p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Taxes\">Taxes</span></h2>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/Taxation_in_Sweden\" title=\"Taxation in Sweden\">Taxation in Sweden</a></div>\n<p>On average, 27% of taxpayer's money in Sweden goes to education and healthcare, whereas 5% goes to the police and military, and 42% to social security.<sup id=\"cite_ref-259\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-259\">[256]</a></sup></p>\n<p>The typical worker receives 40% of his or her labour costs after the <a href=\"/wiki/Tax_wedge\" title=\"Tax wedge\">tax wedge</a>. Total tax collected by Sweden as a percentage of its GDP peaked at 52.3% in 1990.<sup id=\"cite_ref-oecdtax11_168-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-oecdtax11-168\">[165]</a></sup> The country faced a real estate and banking crisis in 1990–1991, and consequently passed tax reforms in 1991 to implement tax rate cuts and tax base broadening over time.<sup id=\"cite_ref-AgellEnglund_169-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-AgellEnglund-169\">[166]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-RiksbankHeikensten_170-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-RiksbankHeikensten-170\">[167]</a></sup> Since 1990, taxes as a percentage of GDP collected by Sweden have been dropping, with total tax rates for the highest income earners dropping the most.<sup id=\"cite_ref-BengtssonHolmlund_171-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-BengtssonHolmlund-171\">[168]</a></sup> In 2010 45.8% of the country's GDP was collected as taxes, the second highest among OECD countries, and nearly double the percentage in the US or South Korea.<sup id=\"cite_ref-oecdtax11_168-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-oecdtax11-168\">[165]</a></sup></p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Pensions\">Pensions</span></h2>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/Social_security_in_Sweden\" title=\"Social security in Sweden\">Social security in Sweden</a></div>\n<p>Swedish elderly live under the by far greatest poverty in the Nordic countries,<sup id=\"cite_ref-260\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-260\">[257]</a></sup> with 355000 below the poverty line.<sup id=\"cite_ref-261\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-261\">[258]</a></sup></p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Immigration\">Immigration</span></h2>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/Immigration_to_Sweden\" title=\"Immigration to Sweden\">Immigration to Sweden</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Invandrare_utvandrare_Sverige_1850-2007.svg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Invandrare_utvandrare_Sverige_1850-2007.svg/220px-Invandrare_utvandrare_Sverige_1850-2007.svg.png\" width=\"220\" height=\"133\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Invandrare_utvandrare_Sverige_1850-2007.svg/330px-Invandrare_utvandrare_Sverige_1850-2007.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Invandrare_utvandrare_Sverige_1850-2007.svg/440px-Invandrare_utvandrare_Sverige_1850-2007.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"543\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Invandrare_utvandrare_Sverige_1850-2007.svg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nImmigrants (red) and emigrants (blue), Sweden 1850–2007</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>Immigration has been a major source of <a href=\"/wiki/Population_growth\" title=\"Population growth\">population growth</a> and cultural change throughout much of the <a href=\"/wiki/History_of_Sweden\" title=\"History of Sweden\">history of Sweden</a>, and in recent centuries the country has been transformed from a nation of net emigration, ending after World War I, to a nation of net immigration, from World War II onwards. The economic, social, and political aspects of immigration have caused controversy regarding ethnicity, economic benefits, jobs for non-immigrants, settlement patterns, impact on upward <a href=\"/wiki/Social_mobility\" title=\"Social mobility\">social mobility</a>, crime, and voting behaviour.<sup id=\"cite_ref-262\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-262\">[259]</a></sup></p>\n<p>There are no exact numbers on the <a href=\"/wiki/Ethnicity\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Ethnicity\">ethnic</a> background of migrants and their descendants in Sweden because the Swedish government does not base any statistics on ethnicity. This is, however, not to be confused with the migrants' <a href=\"/wiki/Nationality\" title=\"Nationality\">national backgrounds</a>, which are recorded.</p>\n<p>In 2016, there were 2,320,302 inhabitants of a foreign background (foreign-born and children of international migrants), comprising around 23% of the Swedish population. <sup id=\"cite_ref-263\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-263\">[260]</a></sup> The number of people with at least one foreign parent was 3,060,115, which counts for 30% of the population.<sup id=\"cite_ref-statistikdatabasen.scb.se_264-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-statistikdatabasen.scb.se-264\">[261]</a></sup> Of these inhabitants, 1,784,497 persons living in Sweden were born abroad. In addition, 535,805 persons were born in Sweden to two parents born abroad and another 739,813 persons had one parent born abroad (with the other parent born in Sweden).<sup id=\"cite_ref-statistikdatabasen.scb.se_264-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-statistikdatabasen.scb.se-264\">[261]</a></sup></p>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Number_of_persons_by_foreign_Swedish_background_in_2002-2011.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Number_of_persons_by_foreign_Swedish_background_in_2002-2011.jpg/220px-Number_of_persons_by_foreign_Swedish_background_in_2002-2011.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"135\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Number_of_persons_by_foreign_Swedish_background_in_2002-2011.jpg/330px-Number_of_persons_by_foreign_Swedish_background_in_2002-2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Number_of_persons_by_foreign_Swedish_background_in_2002-2011.jpg/440px-Number_of_persons_by_foreign_Swedish_background_in_2002-2011.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"812\" data-file-height=\"499\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Number_of_persons_by_foreign_Swedish_background_in_2002-2011.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nPopulation by ancestry, Sweden 2002–2011</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>According to <a href=\"/wiki/Eurostat\" title=\"Eurostat\">Eurostat</a>, in 2010, there were 1.33 million foreign-born residents in Sweden, corresponding to 14.3% of the total population. Of these, 859,000 (9.2%) were born outside the EU and 477,000 (5.1%) were born in another EU Member State.<sup id=\"cite_ref-265\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-265\">[262]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-scb%252Ese_266-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-scb%2Ese-266\">[263]</a></sup></p>\n<p>In 2009, immigration reached its highest level since records began, with 102,280 people emigrating to Sweden.<sup id=\"cite_ref-267\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-267\">[264]</a></sup> Immigrants in Sweden are mostly concentrated in the urban areas of Svealand and Götaland.<sup id=\"cite_ref-scb%252Ese_266-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-scb%2Ese-266\">[263]</a></sup> Since the early 1970s, immigration to Sweden has been mostly due to refugee migration and family reunification from countries in the Middle East and Latin America.<sup id=\"cite_ref-MPI_268-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-MPI-268\">[265]</a></sup> In 2013, Sweden granted 29,000 people asylum,<sup id=\"cite_ref-mig2013_269-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-mig2013-269\">[266]</a></sup> an increase of 67% compared to 2012.<sup id=\"cite_ref-mig2013_269-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-mig2013-269\">[266]</a></sup></p>\n<p>The ten largest groups of foreign-born persons in the Swedish <a href=\"/wiki/Civil_registry\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Civil registry\">civil registry</a> in 2016 were from:<sup id=\"cite_ref-270\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-270\">[267]</a></sup></p>\n<ol>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png\" width=\"23\" height=\"14\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1800\" data-file-height=\"1100\" /> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Finland\" title=\"Finland\">Finland</a> (153,620)</li>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Syria\" title=\"Syria\">Syria</a> (149,418)</li>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/45px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"411\" data-file-height=\"274\" /> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Iraq\" title=\"Iraq\">Iraq</a> (135,129)</li>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png\" width=\"23\" height=\"14\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1280\" data-file-height=\"800\" /> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Poland\" title=\"Poland\">Poland</a> (88,704)</li>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png\" width=\"23\" height=\"13\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"630\" data-file-height=\"360\" /> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Iran\" title=\"Iran\">Iran</a> (70,637)</li>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_SFR_Yugoslavia.svg/23px-Flag_of_SFR_Yugoslavia.svg.png\" width=\"23\" height=\"12\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_SFR_Yugoslavia.svg/35px-Flag_of_SFR_Yugoslavia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_SFR_Yugoslavia.svg/46px-Flag_of_SFR_Yugoslavia.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"600\" data-file-height=\"300\" /></span> Former <a href=\"/wiki/Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Federal Republic of Yugoslavia\">Yugoslavia</a> (66,539)</li>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Somalia\" title=\"Somalia\">Somalia</a> (63,853)</li>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png\" width=\"23\" height=\"12\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"800\" data-file-height=\"400\" /> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina\" title=\"Bosnia and Herzegovina\">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> (58,181)</li>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png\" width=\"23\" height=\"14\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1000\" data-file-height=\"600\" /> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Germany\" title=\"Germany\">Germany</a> (50,189)</li>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1200\" data-file-height=\"800\" /> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Turkey\" title=\"Turkey\">Turkey</a> (47,060)</li>\n</ol>\n<p>According to an official investigation by <a href=\"/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_(Sweden)#Financial_Institutions_and_Markets_Department\" title=\"Ministry of Finance (Sweden)\">The Swedish Pensions Agency</a> on order from the government, the immigration to Sweden will double the state's expenses for pensions to the population. The total immigration to Sweden for 2017 will be roughly 180 000 people, and after that 110 000 individuals every year.<sup id=\"cite_ref-DI_Pensions_271-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-DI_Pensions-271\">[268]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-Pensions_Agency_Report_272-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Pensions_Agency_Report-272\">[269]</a></sup></p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Crime\">Crime</span></h2>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/Crime_in_Sweden\" title=\"Crime in Sweden\">Crime in Sweden</a></div>\n<p>Figures from the 2013 Swedish Crime Survey (SCS) show that exposure to crime decreased from 2005 to 2013.<sup id=\"cite_ref-SCS2014_273-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-SCS2014-273\">[270]</a></sup> Since 2014 there has been an increase in exposure to some categories of crimes, including fraud, some property crime and especially sexual offences (with a 70% increase since 2013) according to the 2016 SCS.<sup id=\"cite_ref-SCS2016_274-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-SCS2016-274\">[271]</a></sup> Violence (both lethal and non-lethal) has been on a downward trend the last 25 years.<sup id=\"cite_ref-facts_275-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-facts-275\">[272]</a></sup> The figures for fraud and property damage (excluding car theft) are in contrast with the numbers of reported crimes under such categories which have remained roughly constant over the period 2014-16.<sup id=\"cite_ref-276\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-276\">[273]</a></sup> The number of reported sexual offences clearly reflect the figures in the 2016 SCS, and car related damages/theft are also somewhat reflected.<sup id=\"cite_ref-277\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-277\">[274]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-278\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-278\">[275]</a></sup> The number of convictions up to 2013 has remained between 110,000 and 130,000 in the 2000s — a decrease since the 1970s, when they numbered around 300,000 — despite the population growth.<sup id=\"cite_ref-279\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-279\">[276]</a></sup> Consistent with other <a href=\"/wiki/Western_world\" title=\"Western world\">Western</a> countries in the <a href=\"/wiki/Post-war\" title=\"Post-war\">postwar era</a>, the number of reported crimes has increased when measured from the 1950s; which can be explained by a number of factors, such as immigration, statistical and legislative changes and increased public willingness to report crime.<sup id=\"cite_ref-crime-trend-stats-1_280-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-crime-trend-stats-1-280\">[277]</a></sup></p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Culture\">Culture</span></h2>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/Culture_of_Sweden\" title=\"Culture of Sweden\">Culture of Sweden</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:172px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Nationalmuseum_Stockholm.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Nationalmuseum_Stockholm.jpg/170px-Nationalmuseum_Stockholm.jpg\" width=\"170\" height=\"227\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Nationalmuseum_Stockholm.jpg/255px-Nationalmuseum_Stockholm.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Nationalmuseum_Stockholm.jpg/340px-Nationalmuseum_Stockholm.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"2000\" data-file-height=\"2667\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Nationalmuseum_Stockholm.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\n<a href=\"/wiki/Nationalmuseum\" title=\"Nationalmuseum\">Nationalmuseum</a> in Stockholm</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>Sweden has many authors of worldwide recognition including <a href=\"/wiki/August_Strindberg\" title=\"August Strindberg\">August Strindberg</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Astrid_Lindgren\" title=\"Astrid Lindgren\">Astrid Lindgren</a>, and Nobel Prize winners <a href=\"/wiki/Selma_Lagerl%C3%B6f\" title=\"Selma Lagerlöf\">Selma Lagerlöf</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Harry_Martinson\" title=\"Harry Martinson\">Harry Martinson</a>. In total seven <a href=\"/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature\" title=\"Nobel Prize in Literature\">Nobel Prizes in Literature</a> have been awarded to Swedes. The nation's most well-known artists are painters such as <a href=\"/wiki/Carl_Larsson\" title=\"Carl Larsson\">Carl Larsson</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Anders_Zorn\" title=\"Anders Zorn\">Anders Zorn</a>, and the sculptors <a href=\"/wiki/Tobias_Sergel\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Tobias Sergel\">Tobias Sergel</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Carl_Milles\" title=\"Carl Milles\">Carl Milles</a>.</p>\n<p>Swedish 20th-century culture is noted by pioneering works in the early days of cinema, with <a href=\"/wiki/Mauritz_Stiller\" title=\"Mauritz Stiller\">Mauritz Stiller</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Victor_Sj%C3%B6str%C3%B6m\" title=\"Victor Sjöström\">Victor Sjöström</a>. In the 1920s–1980s, the filmmaker <a href=\"/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman\" title=\"Ingmar Bergman\">Ingmar Bergman</a> and actors <a href=\"/wiki/Greta_Garbo\" title=\"Greta Garbo\">Greta Garbo</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Ingrid_Bergman\" title=\"Ingrid Bergman\">Ingrid Bergman</a> became internationally noted people within cinema. More recently, the films of <a href=\"/wiki/Lukas_Moodysson\" title=\"Lukas Moodysson\">Lukas Moodysson</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Lasse_Hallstr%C3%B6m\" title=\"Lasse Hallström\">Lasse Hallström</a> have received international recognition.</p>\n<p>Throughout the 1960s and 1970s Sweden was seen as an international leader in what is now referred to as the \"<a href=\"/wiki/Sexual_revolution\" title=\"Sexual revolution\">sexual revolution</a>\", with gender equality having particularly been promoted.<sup id=\"cite_ref-281\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-281\">[278]</a></sup> At the present time, the number of single people is one of the highest in the world. The early Swedish film <i><a href=\"/wiki/I_Am_Curious_(Yellow)\" title=\"I Am Curious (Yellow)\">I Am Curious (Yellow)</a></i> (1967) reflected a liberal view of sexuality, including scenes of love making that caught international attention, and introduced the concept of the \"Swedish sin\" that had been introduced earlier in the US with Ingmar Bergman's <i><a href=\"/wiki/Summer_with_Monika\" title=\"Summer with Monika\">Summer with Monika</a>.</i></p>\n<p>The image of \"hot love and cold people\" emerged. Sexual liberalism was seen as part of modernisation process that by breaking down traditional borders would lead to the emancipation of natural forces and desires.<sup id=\"cite_ref-282\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-282\">[279]</a></sup></p>\n<p>Sweden has also become very liberal towards homosexuality, as is reflected in the popular acceptance of films such as <i><a href=\"/wiki/Fucking_%C3%85m%C3%A5l\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Fucking Åmål\">Show Me Love</a></i>, which is about two young lesbians in the small Swedish town of Åmål. Since 1 May 2009, Sweden repealed its \"registered partnership\" laws and fully replaced them with <a href=\"/wiki/Gender-neutral_marriage\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Gender-neutral marriage\">gender-neutral marriage</a>,<sup id=\"cite_ref-283\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-283\">[280]</a></sup> Sweden also offers <a href=\"/wiki/Domestic_partnership\" title=\"Domestic partnership\">domestic partnerships</a> for both same-sex and opposite-sex couples. Cohabitation (<i>sammanboende</i>) by couples of all ages, including teenagers as well as elderly couples, is widespread. Recently, Sweden is experiencing a baby boom.<sup id=\"cite_ref-284\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-284\">[281]</a></sup></p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Music\">Music</span></h3>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/Music_of_Sweden\" title=\"Music of Sweden\">Music of Sweden</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tleft\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:172px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:ABBA_-_TopPop_1974_5.png\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/ABBA_-_TopPop_1974_5.png/170px-ABBA_-_TopPop_1974_5.png\" width=\"170\" height=\"145\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/ABBA_-_TopPop_1974_5.png/255px-ABBA_-_TopPop_1974_5.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/ABBA_-_TopPop_1974_5.png/340px-ABBA_-_TopPop_1974_5.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"500\" data-file-height=\"426\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:ABBA_-_TopPop_1974_5.png\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nThe Swedish band <a href=\"/wiki/ABBA\" title=\"ABBA\">ABBA</a> in April 1974, a few days after they won the <a href=\"/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_1974\" title=\"Eurovision Song Contest 1974\">Eurovision Song Contest</a></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>Historical re-creations of Norse music have been attempted based on instruments found in Viking sites. The instruments used were the <i><a href=\"/wiki/Lur\" title=\"Lur\">lur</a></i> (a sort of trumpet), simple string instruments, wooden flutes and drums. Sweden has a significant <a href=\"/wiki/Music_of_Sweden\" title=\"Music of Sweden\">folk-music</a> scene. There is Sami music, called the <i><a href=\"/wiki/Joik\" title=\"Joik\">joik</a></i>, which is a type of chant which is part of the traditional Sami animistic spirituality. Notable composers include <a href=\"/wiki/Carl_Michael_Bellman\" title=\"Carl Michael Bellman\">Carl Michael Bellman</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Franz_Berwald\" title=\"Franz Berwald\">Franz Berwald</a>.</p>\n<p>Sweden also has a prominent choral music tradition. Out of a population of 9.5 million, it is estimated that five to six hundred thousand people sing in choirs.<sup id=\"cite_ref-285\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-285\">[282]</a></sup></p>\n<p>In 2007, with over 800 million dollars in revenue, Sweden was the third-largest music exporter in the world and surpassed only by the US and the UK.<sup id=\"cite_ref-export_music_286-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-export_music-286\">[283]</a></sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-autogenerated1_287-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-autogenerated1-287\">[284]</a></sup><sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact\" style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">[<i><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Wikipedia:NOTRS\"><span title=\"This claim needs references to better sources. (March 2013)\">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> According to one source 2013, Sweden produces the most chart hits per capita in the world, followed by the UK and the USA.<sup id=\"cite_ref-288\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-288\">[285]</a></sup> <a href=\"/wiki/ABBA\" title=\"ABBA\">ABBA</a> was one of the first internationally well known popular music bands from Sweden, and still ranks among the <a href=\"/wiki/List_of_best-selling_music_artists\" title=\"List of best-selling music artists\">most prominent bands in the world</a>, with about 370 million records sold. With ABBA, Sweden entered into a new era, in which <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_pop_music\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Swedish pop music\">Swedish pop music</a> gained international prominence.</p>\n<div class=\"thumb tleft\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:GoteborgsOperan.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/GoteborgsOperan.jpg/220px-GoteborgsOperan.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"142\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/GoteborgsOperan.jpg/330px-GoteborgsOperan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/GoteborgsOperan.jpg/440px-GoteborgsOperan.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"1550\" data-file-height=\"1000\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:GoteborgsOperan.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nThe <a href=\"/wiki/The_G%C3%B6teborg_Opera\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"The Göteborg Opera\">Gothenburg Opera House</a></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>There have been many other internationally successful bands since, such as <a href=\"/wiki/Roxette\" title=\"Roxette\">Roxette</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Ace_of_Base\" title=\"Ace of Base\">Ace of Base</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Europe_(band)\" title=\"Europe (band)\">Europe</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/A-teens\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"A-teens\">A-teens</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/The_Cardigans\" title=\"The Cardigans\">The Cardigans</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Robyn\" title=\"Robyn\">Robyn</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/The_Hives\" title=\"The Hives\">The Hives</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Soundtrack_of_Our_Lives\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Soundtrack of Our Lives\">Soundtrack of Our Lives</a>, to name some of the biggest.</p>\n<p>Sweden has also become known for a large number of <a href=\"/wiki/Heavy_metal_music\" title=\"Heavy metal music\">heavy metal</a> bands, including <a href=\"/wiki/Bathory_(band)\" title=\"Bathory (band)\">Bathory</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Opeth\" title=\"Opeth\">Opeth</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Amon_Amarth\" title=\"Amon Amarth\">Amon Amarth</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Ghost_(Swedish_band)\" title=\"Ghost (Swedish band)\">Ghost</a>. The renowned <a href=\"/wiki/Neo-classical_metal\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Neo-classical metal\">neo-classical power metal</a> guitarist <a href=\"/wiki/Yngwie_Malmsteen\" title=\"Yngwie Malmsteen\">Yngwie Malmsteen</a> is also from Sweden.</p>\n<p>Starting in the 1990s, <a href=\"/wiki/Denniz_Pop\" title=\"Denniz Pop\">Denniz Pop</a>'s <a href=\"/wiki/Cheiron_Studios\" title=\"Cheiron Studios\">Cheiron Studios</a> became an international hit factory, with his disciple <a href=\"/wiki/Max_Martin\" title=\"Max Martin\">Max Martin</a> responsible for <a href=\"/wiki/Britney_Spears\" title=\"Britney Spears\">Britney Spears</a>' breakthrough songs and for shaping the whole boy-band boom at the turn of the millennium with global hits for groups like the <a href=\"/wiki/Backstreet_Boys\" title=\"Backstreet Boys\">Backstreet Boys</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/%27N_Sync\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"'N Sync\">'N Sync</a>. In the mid-2000s, Martin came back with a more rock-tinged sound and produced major hits with artists such as <a href=\"/wiki/Kelly_Clarkson\" title=\"Kelly Clarkson\">Kelly Clarkson</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Pink_(singer)\" title=\"Pink (singer)\">Pink</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Katy_Perry\" title=\"Katy Perry\">Katy Perry</a>. Another producer worth mentioning is <a href=\"/wiki/RedOne\" title=\"RedOne\">RedOne</a>, a Moroccan-Swede who is the creator of a slew of hits for <a href=\"/wiki/Lady_Gaga\" title=\"Lady Gaga\">Lady Gaga</a>.</p>\n<p><a href=\"/wiki/Sweden_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest\" title=\"Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest\">Sweden</a> is one of the most successful competing nations at the <a href=\"/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest\" title=\"Eurovision Song Contest\">Eurovision Song Contest</a>, with a total of six victories in the contest (1974, 1984, 1991, 1999, 2012 and 2015), right behind Ireland who have seven wins. In the Eurovision Song Contest each participating country submits an original song to be performed on live television and radio; however, no restriction on the nationality of the songwriter or the artist exists which has resulted in countries being represented by songwriters and artist who are not nationals of that country. In recent years Swedish songwriters have been involved in the writing – entirely or partly – of entries from several countries in addition to Sweden. For instance, in the 2012 edition of Eurovision Song Contest, Swedish songwriters and producers featured in 10 out of the 42 songs that qualified for the contest; in 2013, the numbers were 7 songs out of the 39 songs in the contest; in 2014, 7 songs out of 37 songs in the contest; in 2015, 8 songs out of 40 songs in the contest; in 2016, 12 songs out of 42 songs in the contest.</p>\n<p>Sweden has a rather lively jazz scene. During the last sixty years or so it has attained a remarkably high artistic standard, stimulated by domestic as well as external influences and experiences. The Centre for Swedish Folk Music and Jazz Research has published an overview of jazz in Sweden by Lars Westin.<sup id=\"cite_ref-289\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-289\">[286]</a></sup></p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Architecture\">Architecture</span></h3>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/Architecture_of_Sweden\" title=\"Architecture of Sweden\">Architecture of Sweden</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tleft\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Djurgardsbron_2008.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Djurgardsbron_2008.jpg/220px-Djurgardsbron_2008.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"163\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Djurgardsbron_2008.jpg/330px-Djurgardsbron_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Djurgardsbron_2008.jpg/440px-Djurgardsbron_2008.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"3030\" data-file-height=\"2245\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Djurgardsbron_2008.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\n<a href=\"/wiki/Djurg%C3%A5rdsbron\" title=\"Djurgårdsbron\">Djurgårdsbron</a></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>Before the 13th century almost all buildings were made of timber, but a shift began towards stone. Early Swedish stone buildings are the <a href=\"/wiki/Romanesque_architecture\" title=\"Romanesque architecture\">Romanesque</a> churches on the country side. As so happens, many of them were built in Scania and are in effect Danish churches. This would include the <a href=\"/wiki/Lund_Cathedral\" title=\"Lund Cathedral\">Lund Cathedral</a> from the 11th century and the somewhat younger church in <a href=\"/wiki/Dalby,_Lund\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Dalby, Lund\">Dalby</a>, but also many early <a href=\"/wiki/Gothic_(architecture)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Gothic (architecture)\">Gothic</a> churches built through influences of the Hanseatic League, such as in Ystad, Malmö and Helsingborg.</p>\n<p>Cathedrals in other parts of Sweden were also built as seats of Sweden's bishops. The <a href=\"/wiki/Skara_Cathedral\" title=\"Skara Cathedral\">Skara Cathedral</a> is of bricks from the 14th century, and the <a href=\"/wiki/Uppsala_Cathedral\" title=\"Uppsala Cathedral\">Uppsala Cathedral</a> in the 15th. In 1230 the foundations of the <a href=\"/wiki/Link%C3%B6ping\" title=\"Linköping\">Linköping</a> Cathedral were made, the material was there <a href=\"/wiki/Limestone\" title=\"Limestone\">limestone</a>, but the building took some 250 years to finish.</p>\n<p>Among older structures are also some significant fortresses and other historical buildings such as at <a href=\"/wiki/Borgholm_Castle\" title=\"Borgholm Castle\">Borgholm Castle</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Halltorps_Manor\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Halltorps Manor\">Halltorps Manor</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Eketorp\" title=\"Eketorp\">Eketorp</a> fortress on the island Öland, the <a href=\"/wiki/Nyk%C3%B6ping\" title=\"Nyköping\">Nyköping</a> fortress and the <a href=\"/wiki/Visby_city_wall\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Visby city wall\">Visby city wall</a>.</p>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Kalmar_domkyrka_002.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Kalmar_domkyrka_002.jpg/220px-Kalmar_domkyrka_002.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"168\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Kalmar_domkyrka_002.jpg/330px-Kalmar_domkyrka_002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Kalmar_domkyrka_002.jpg/440px-Kalmar_domkyrka_002.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"2196\" data-file-height=\"1675\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Kalmar_domkyrka_002.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\n<a href=\"/wiki/Kalmar_Cathedral\" title=\"Kalmar Cathedral\">Kalmar Cathedral</a></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>Around 1520 Sweden was out of the <a href=\"/wiki/Middle_Ages\" title=\"Middle Ages\">Middle Ages</a> and united under King Gustav Vasa, who immediately initiated grand mansions, castles and fortresses to be built. Some of the more magnificent include the Kalmar fortress, the <a href=\"/wiki/Gripsholm_Castle\" title=\"Gripsholm Castle\">Gripsholm Castle</a> and the one at <a href=\"/wiki/Vadstena\" title=\"Vadstena\">Vadstena</a>.</p>\n<p>In the next two centuries, Sweden was designated by <a href=\"/wiki/Baroque_architecture\" title=\"Baroque architecture\">Baroque architecture</a> and later the <a href=\"/wiki/Rococo\" title=\"Rococo\">rococo</a>. Notable projects from that time include the city Karlskrona, which has now also been declared a World Heritage Site and the <a href=\"/wiki/Drottningholm_Palace\" title=\"Drottningholm Palace\">Drottningholm Palace</a>.</p>\n<p>1930 was the year of the great Stockholm exhibition, which marked the breakthrough of <a href=\"/wiki/Functionalism_(architecture)\" title=\"Functionalism (architecture)\">Functionalism</a>, or \"funkis\" as it became known. The style came to dominate in the following decades. Some notable projects of this kind were the <a href=\"/wiki/Million_Programme\" title=\"Million Programme\">Million Programme</a>, offering affordable living in large apartment complexes.</p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Media\">Media</span></h3>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/Media_in_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Media in Sweden\">Media in Sweden</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Sveriges_Television,_2.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Sveriges_Television%2C_2.jpg/220px-Sveriges_Television%2C_2.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"159\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Sveriges_Television%2C_2.jpg/330px-Sveriges_Television%2C_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Sveriges_Television%2C_2.jpg/440px-Sveriges_Television%2C_2.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"2970\" data-file-height=\"2150\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Sveriges_Television,_2.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nHeadquarters of <a href=\"/wiki/Sveriges_Television\" title=\"Sveriges Television\">Sveriges Television</a> in Stockholm</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>Swedes are among the greatest consumers of newspapers in the world, and nearly every town is served by a local paper. The country's main quality morning papers are <i><a href=\"/wiki/Dagens_Nyheter\" title=\"Dagens Nyheter\">Dagens Nyheter</a></i> (liberal), <i><a href=\"/wiki/G%C3%B6teborgs-Posten\" title=\"Göteborgs-Posten\">Göteborgs-Posten</a></i> (liberal), <i><a href=\"/wiki/Svenska_Dagbladet\" title=\"Svenska Dagbladet\">Svenska Dagbladet</a></i> (liberal conservative) and <i><a href=\"/wiki/Sydsvenska_Dagbladet\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Sydsvenska Dagbladet\">Sydsvenska Dagbladet</a></i> (liberal). The two largest evening <a href=\"/wiki/Tabloid_(newspaper_format)\" title=\"Tabloid (newspaper format)\">tabloids</a> are <i><a href=\"/wiki/Aftonbladet\" title=\"Aftonbladet\">Aftonbladet</a></i> (social democratic) and <i><a href=\"/wiki/Expressen\" title=\"Expressen\">Expressen</a></i> (liberal). The ad-financed, free international morning paper, <i><a href=\"/wiki/Metro_International\" title=\"Metro International\">Metro International</a></i>, was founded in Stockholm, Sweden. The country's news is reported in English by, among others, <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Local\" title=\"The Local\">The Local</a></i> (liberal).<sup id=\"cite_ref-290\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-290\">[287]</a></sup></p>\n<p>The public broadcasting companies held a monopoly on radio and television for a long time in Sweden. Licence funded radio broadcasts started in 1925. A second radio network was started in 1954 and a third opened 1962 in response to pirate radio stations. Non-profit <a href=\"/wiki/Community_radio#Sweden\" title=\"Community radio\">community radio</a> was allowed in 1979 and in 1993 commercial local radio started.</p>\n<p>The licence-funded television service was officially launched in 1956. A second channel, <a href=\"/wiki/SVT2\" title=\"SVT2\">TV2</a>, was launched in 1969. These two channels (operated by <a href=\"/wiki/Sveriges_Television\" title=\"Sveriges Television\">Sveriges Television</a> since the late 1970s) held a monopoly until the 1980s when cable and satellite television became available. The first Swedish language satellite service was <a href=\"/wiki/TV3_(Sweden)\" title=\"TV3 (Sweden)\">TV3</a> which started broadcasting from London in 1987. It was followed by <a href=\"/wiki/Kanal_5_(Sweden)\" title=\"Kanal 5 (Sweden)\">Kanal 5</a> in 1989 (then known as Nordic Channel) and <a href=\"/wiki/TV4_(Sweden)\" title=\"TV4 (Sweden)\">TV4</a> in 1990.</p>\n<p>In 1991 the government announced it would begin taking applications from private television companies wishing to broadcast on the <a href=\"/wiki/Terrestrial_television\" title=\"Terrestrial television\">terrestrial network</a>. TV4, which had previously been broadcasting via satellite, was granted a permit and began its terrestrial broadcasts in 1992, becoming the first private channel to broadcast television content from within the country.</p>\n<p>Around half the population are connected to cable television. <a href=\"/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television_in_Sweden\" title=\"Digital terrestrial television in Sweden\">Digital terrestrial television in Sweden</a> started in 1999 and the last analogue terrestrial broadcasts were terminated in 2007.</p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Literature\">Literature</span></h3>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_literature\" title=\"Swedish literature\">Swedish literature</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:172px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Portrait_of_August_Strindberg_by_Richard_Bergh_1905.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Portrait_of_August_Strindberg_by_Richard_Bergh_1905.jpg/170px-Portrait_of_August_Strindberg_by_Richard_Bergh_1905.jpg\" width=\"170\" height=\"195\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Portrait_of_August_Strindberg_by_Richard_Bergh_1905.jpg/255px-Portrait_of_August_Strindberg_by_Richard_Bergh_1905.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Portrait_of_August_Strindberg_by_Richard_Bergh_1905.jpg/340px-Portrait_of_August_Strindberg_by_Richard_Bergh_1905.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"1059\" data-file-height=\"1215\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Portrait_of_August_Strindberg_by_Richard_Bergh_1905.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nThe writer and playwright <a href=\"/wiki/August_Strindberg\" title=\"August Strindberg\">August Strindberg</a></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>The first literary text from Sweden is the <a href=\"/wiki/R%C3%B6k_Runestone\" title=\"Rök Runestone\">Rök Runestone</a>, carved during the Viking Age c. 800 AD. With the conversion of the land to Christianity around 1100 AD, Sweden entered the <a href=\"/wiki/Middle_Ages\" title=\"Middle Ages\">Middle Ages</a>, during which monastic writers preferred to use Latin. Therefore, there are only a few texts in the <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_language#Old_Swedish\" title=\"Swedish language\">Old Swedish</a> from that period. Swedish literature only flourished when the Swedish language was standardised in the 16th century, a standardisation largely due to the full translation of the Bible into Swedish in 1541. This translation is the so-called <a href=\"/wiki/Gustav_Vasa_Bible\" title=\"Gustav Vasa Bible\">Gustav Vasa Bible</a>.</p>\n<p>With improved education and the freedom brought by <a href=\"/wiki/Secularisation\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Secularisation\">secularisation</a>, the 17th century saw several notable authors develop the Swedish language further. Some key figures include <a href=\"/wiki/Georg_Stiernhielm\" title=\"Georg Stiernhielm\">Georg Stiernhielm</a> (17th century), who was the first to write classical poetry in Swedish; <a href=\"/wiki/Johan_Henric_Kellgren\" title=\"Johan Henric Kellgren\">Johan Henric Kellgren</a> (18th century), the first to write fluent Swedish prose; Carl Michael Bellman (late 18th century), the first writer of <a href=\"/wiki/Burlesque\" title=\"Burlesque\">burlesque</a> ballads; and August Strindberg (late 19th century), a socio-realistic writer and playwright who won worldwide fame. The early 20th century continued to produce notable authors, such as Selma Lagerlöf, (Nobel laureate 1909), <a href=\"/wiki/Verner_von_Heidenstam\" title=\"Verner von Heidenstam\">Verner von Heidenstam</a> (Nobel laureate 1916) and <a href=\"/wiki/P%C3%A4r_Lagerkvist\" title=\"Pär Lagerkvist\">Pär Lagerkvist</a> (Nobel laureate 1951).</p>\n<p>In recent decades, a handful of Swedish writers have established themselves internationally, including the detective novelist <a href=\"/wiki/Henning_Mankell\" title=\"Henning Mankell\">Henning Mankell</a> and the writer of spy fiction <a href=\"/wiki/Jan_Guillou\" title=\"Jan Guillou\">Jan Guillou</a>. The Swedish writer to have made the most lasting impression on world literature is the children's book writer Astrid Lindgren, and her books about <a href=\"/wiki/Pippi_Longstocking\" title=\"Pippi Longstocking\">Pippi Longstocking</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Emil_i_L%C3%B6nneberga\" title=\"Emil i Lönneberga\">Emil</a>, and others. In 2008, the second best-selling fiction author in the world was <a href=\"/wiki/Stieg_Larsson\" title=\"Stieg Larsson\">Stieg Larsson</a>, whose <i>Millennium</i> series of crime novels is being published posthumously to critical acclaim.<sup id=\"cite_ref-291\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-291\">[288]</a></sup> Larsson drew heavily on the work of Lindgren by basing his central character, Lisbeth Salander, on Longstocking.<sup id=\"cite_ref-292\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-292\">[289]</a></sup></p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Holidays\">Holidays</span></h3>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Sweden\" title=\"Public holidays in Sweden\">Public holidays in Sweden</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tleft\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Valborgsbrasa-1.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Valborgsbrasa-1.jpg/220px-Valborgsbrasa-1.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"95\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Valborgsbrasa-1.jpg/330px-Valborgsbrasa-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Valborgsbrasa-1.jpg/440px-Valborgsbrasa-1.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"1600\" data-file-height=\"688\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Valborgsbrasa-1.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\n<a href=\"/wiki/Walpurgis_Night\" title=\"Walpurgis Night\">Walpurgis Night</a> bonfire in Sweden</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>Apart from traditional Protestant <a href=\"/wiki/Liturgical_year\" title=\"Liturgical year\">Christian holidays</a>, Sweden also celebrates some unique holidays, some of a pre-Christian tradition. They include <a href=\"/wiki/Midsummer\" title=\"Midsummer\">Midsummer</a> celebrating the summer <a href=\"/wiki/Solstice\" title=\"Solstice\">solstice</a>; <a href=\"/wiki/Walpurgis_Night\" title=\"Walpurgis Night\">Walpurgis Night</a> (<i>Valborgsmässoafton</i>) on 30 April lighting bonfires; and Labour Day or Mayday on 1 May is dedicated to socialist demonstrations. The day of giver-of-light <a href=\"/wiki/Saint_Lucy\" title=\"Saint Lucy\">Saint Lucia</a>, 13 December, is widely acknowledged in elaborate celebrations which betoken its Italian origin and commence the month-long Christmas season.</p>\n<p>6 June is the <a href=\"/wiki/National_holiday_of_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"National holiday of Sweden\">National Day of Sweden</a> and has since 2005 been a public holiday. Furthermore, there are <a href=\"/wiki/Flag_days_in_Sweden\" title=\"Flag days in Sweden\">official flag day</a> observances and a <a href=\"/wiki/Namesdays_in_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Namesdays in Sweden\">Namesdays in Sweden</a> calendar. In August many Swedes have <i>kräftskivor</i> (crayfish dinner parties). <a href=\"/wiki/Martin_of_Tours\" title=\"Martin of Tours\">Martin of Tours</a> Eve is celebrated in <a href=\"/wiki/Scania\" title=\"Scania\">Scania</a> in November with <i>Mårten Gås</i> parties, where roast goose and <i><a href=\"/wiki/Svartsoppa\" title=\"Svartsoppa\">svartsoppa</a></i> ('black soup', made of goose stock, fruit, spices, spirits and goose blood) are served. The <a href=\"/wiki/Sami_people\" title=\"Sami people\">Sami</a>, one of Sweden's indigenous minorities, have their holiday on 6 February and Scania celebrate their Scanian Flag day on the third Sunday in July.</p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Cuisine\">Cuisine</span></h3>\n<div class=\"thumb tleft\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:2005_baking_of_saffron_buns_04.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/2005_baking_of_saffron_buns_04.jpg/220px-2005_baking_of_saffron_buns_04.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"147\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/2005_baking_of_saffron_buns_04.jpg/330px-2005_baking_of_saffron_buns_04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/2005_baking_of_saffron_buns_04.jpg/440px-2005_baking_of_saffron_buns_04.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"3072\" data-file-height=\"2048\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:2005_baking_of_saffron_buns_04.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nSwedish saffron buns</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_cuisine\" title=\"Swedish cuisine\">Swedish cuisine</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:222px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Knaeckebroed.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Knaeckebroed.jpg/220px-Knaeckebroed.jpg\" width=\"220\" height=\"176\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Knaeckebroed.jpg/330px-Knaeckebroed.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Knaeckebroed.jpg/440px-Knaeckebroed.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"640\" data-file-height=\"512\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Knaeckebroed.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nSwedish knäckebröd (<a href=\"/wiki/Crisp_bread\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Crisp bread\">crisp bread</a>)</div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>Swedish cuisine, like that of the other <a href=\"/wiki/Scandinavia\" title=\"Scandinavia\">Scandinavian</a> countries (<a href=\"/wiki/Cuisine_of_Denmark\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Cuisine of Denmark\">Denmark</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Cuisine_of_Norway\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Cuisine of Norway\">Norway</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Cuisine_of_Finland\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Cuisine of Finland\">Finland</a>), was traditionally simple. Fish (particularly <a href=\"/wiki/Herring\" title=\"Herring\">herring</a>), meat, potatoes and <a href=\"/wiki/Dairy_products\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Dairy products\">dairy products</a> played prominent roles. Spices were sparse. Famous preparations include Swedish meatballs, traditionally served with gravy, boiled potatoes and <a href=\"/wiki/Lingonberry_jam\" title=\"Lingonberry jam\">lingonberry jam</a>; pancakes; <i><a href=\"/wiki/Lutefisk\" title=\"Lutefisk\">lutfisk</a></i>; and the <a href=\"/wiki/Sm%C3%B6rg%C3%A5sbord\" title=\"Smörgåsbord\">smörgåsbord</a>, or lavish buffet. <i><a href=\"/wiki/Akvavit\" title=\"Akvavit\">Akvavit</a></i> is a popular alcoholic <a href=\"/wiki/Distilled_beverage\" title=\"Distilled beverage\">distilled beverage</a>, and the drinking of <i><a href=\"/wiki/Snaps\" title=\"Snaps\">snaps</a></i> is of cultural importance. The traditional flat and dry <a href=\"/wiki/Crisp_bread\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Crisp bread\">crisp bread</a> has developed into several contemporary variants. Regionally important foods are the <i><a href=\"/wiki/Surstr%C3%B6mming\" title=\"Surströmming\">surströmming</a></i> (a fermented fish) in northern Sweden and <a href=\"/wiki/Eel\" title=\"Eel\">eel</a> in Scania in southern Sweden.</p>\n<p>Swedish traditional dishes, some of which are many hundreds of years old, others perhaps a century or less, are still a very important part of Swedish everyday meals, in spite of the fact that modern-day Swedish cuisine adopts many international dishes.</p>\n<p>In August, at the traditional feast known as crayfish party, <i><a href=\"/wiki/Kr%C3%A4ftskiva\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Kräftskiva\">kräftskiva</a></i>, Swedes eat large amounts of <a href=\"/wiki/Crayfish\" title=\"Crayfish\">crayfish</a> boiled with dill.</p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Cinema\">Cinema</span></h3>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/Cinema_of_Sweden\" title=\"Cinema of Sweden\">Cinema of Sweden</a></div>\n<p>Swedes have been fairly prominent in the film area through the years. A number of Swedish people have found success in Hollywood, including Ingrid Bergman, Greta Garbo and <a href=\"/wiki/Max_von_Sydow\" title=\"Max von Sydow\">Max von Sydow</a>. Amongst several directors who have made internationally successful films can be mentioned Ingmar Bergman, Lukas Moodysson and Lasse Hallström.</p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Fashion\">Fashion</span></h3>\n<p>Interest in fashion is big in Sweden and the country is headquartering famous brands like <a href=\"/wiki/H%26M\" title=\"H&M\">Hennes & Mauritz</a> (operating as H&M), <a href=\"/wiki/J._Lindeberg\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"J. Lindeberg\">J. Lindeberg</a> (operating as JL), <a href=\"/wiki/Acne_Jeans\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Acne Jeans\">Acne</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Lindex\" title=\"Lindex\">Lindex</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Odd_Molly\" title=\"Odd Molly\">Odd Molly</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Cheap_Monday\" title=\"Cheap Monday\">Cheap Monday</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Gant_U.S.A.\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Gant U.S.A.\">Gant</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/WESC\" title=\"WESC\">WESC</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Filippa_K\" title=\"Filippa K\">Filippa K</a>, and <a href=\"/wiki/Nakkna\" title=\"Nakkna\">Nakkna</a> within its borders. These companies, however, are composed largely of buyers who import fashionable goods from throughout Europe and America, continuing the trend of Swedish business toward multinational economic dependency like many of its neighbours.</p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Sports\">Sports</span></h3>\n<div role=\"note\" class=\"hatnote navigation-not-searchable\">Main article: <a href=\"/wiki/Sport_in_Sweden\" title=\"Sport in Sweden\">Sport in Sweden</a></div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:172px;\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Bj%C3%B6rn_Borg2.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Bj%C3%B6rn_Borg2.jpg/170px-Bj%C3%B6rn_Borg2.jpg\" width=\"170\" height=\"217\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Bj%C3%B6rn_Borg2.jpg/255px-Bj%C3%B6rn_Borg2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Bj%C3%B6rn_Borg2.jpg/340px-Bj%C3%B6rn_Borg2.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"804\" data-file-height=\"1024\" /></a>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Bj%C3%B6rn_Borg2.jpg\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"></a></div>\nFormer World No. 1 tennis player <a href=\"/wiki/Bj%C3%B6rn_Borg\" title=\"Björn Borg\">Björn Borg</a></div>\n</div>\n</div>\n<p>Sport activities are a national movement with half of the population actively participating in organised sporting activities. The two main spectator sports are <a href=\"/wiki/Association_football\" title=\"Association football\">football</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Ice_hockey\" title=\"Ice hockey\">ice hockey</a>. Second to football, <a href=\"/wiki/Horse#Sport\" title=\"Horse\">horse sports</a> have the highest number of practitioners who are mostly women. Thereafter, golf, <a href=\"/wiki/Track_and_field\" title=\"Track and field\">track and field</a>, and the <a href=\"/wiki/Team_sport\" title=\"Team sport\">team sports</a> of <a href=\"/wiki/Handball\" title=\"Handball\">handball</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Floorball\" title=\"Floorball\">floorball</a>, basketball and <a href=\"/wiki/Bandy\" title=\"Bandy\">bandy</a> are the most popular.</p>\n<p>The Swedish national men's ice hockey team, affectionately known as <i><a href=\"/wiki/Sweden_men%27s_national_ice_hockey_team\" title=\"Sweden men's national ice hockey team\">Tre Kronor</a></i> (English: <a href=\"/wiki/Three_Crowns\" title=\"Three Crowns\">Three Crowns</a>; the national symbol of Sweden), is regarded as one of the best in the world. The team has won the <a href=\"/wiki/Ice_Hockey_World_Championships\" title=\"Ice Hockey World Championships\">World Championships</a> nine times, placing them third in the all-time medal count. Tre Kronor also won Olympic gold medals in <a href=\"/wiki/Ice_hockey_at_the_1994_Winter_Olympics\" title=\"Ice hockey at the 1994 Winter Olympics\">1994</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Ice_hockey_at_the_2006_Winter_Olympics\" title=\"Ice hockey at the 2006 Winter Olympics\">2006</a>. In 2006, Tre Kronor became the first national hockey team to win both the Olympic and world championships in the same year. The <a href=\"/wiki/Sweden_national_football_team\" title=\"Sweden national football team\">Swedish national football team</a> has seen some success at the World Cup in the past, finishing second when they hosted the tournament in 1958, and third twice, in <a href=\"/wiki/1950_FIFA_World_Cup\" title=\"1950 FIFA World Cup\">1950</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/1994_FIFA_World_Cup\" title=\"1994 FIFA World Cup\">1994</a>. Athletics has enjoyed a surge in popularity due to several successful athletes in recent years, such as <a href=\"/wiki/Carolina_Kl%C3%BCft\" title=\"Carolina Klüft\">Carolina Klüft</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Stefan_Holm\" title=\"Stefan Holm\">Stefan Holm</a>.</p>\n<p>Sweden hosted the <a href=\"/wiki/1912_Summer_Olympics\" title=\"1912 Summer Olympics\">1912 Summer Olympics</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Equestrian_at_the_1956_Summer_Olympics\" title=\"Equestrian at the 1956 Summer Olympics\">Equestrian at the 1956 Summer Olympics</a> and the <a href=\"/wiki/FIFA_World_Cup\" title=\"FIFA World Cup\">FIFA World Cup</a> in <a href=\"/wiki/1958_FIFA_World_Cup\" title=\"1958 FIFA World Cup\">1958</a>. Other big sports events include the <a href=\"/wiki/UEFA_Euro_1992\" title=\"UEFA Euro 1992\">UEFA Euro 1992</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/1995_FIFA_Women%27s_World_Cup\" title=\"1995 FIFA Women's World Cup\">1995 FIFA Women's World Cup</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/1995_World_Championships_in_Athletics\" title=\"1995 World Championships in Athletics\">1995 World Championships in Athletics</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/UEFA_Women%27s_Euro_2013\" title=\"UEFA Women's Euro 2013\">UEFA Women's Euro 2013</a>, and several championships of ice hockey, <a href=\"/wiki/Curling\" title=\"Curling\">curling</a>, athletics, <a href=\"/wiki/Skiing\" title=\"Skiing\">skiing</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Bandy_World_Championship\" title=\"Bandy World Championship\">bandy</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Figure_skating\" title=\"Figure skating\">figure skating</a> and swimming.</p>\n<p>Successful football players include <a href=\"/wiki/Gunnar_Nordahl\" title=\"Gunnar Nordahl\">Gunnar Nordahl</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Gunnar_Gren\" title=\"Gunnar Gren\">Gunnar Gren</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Nils_Liedholm\" title=\"Nils Liedholm\">Nils Liedholm</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Henrik_Larsson\" title=\"Henrik Larsson\">Henrik Larsson</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Fredrik_Ljungberg\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Fredrik Ljungberg\">Fredrik Ljungberg</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Caroline_Seger\" title=\"Caroline Seger\">Caroline Seger</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Lotta_Schelin\" title=\"Lotta Schelin\">Lotta Schelin</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Hedvig_Lindahl\" title=\"Hedvig Lindahl\">Hedvig Lindahl</a>, and <a href=\"/wiki/Zlatan_Ibrahimovi%C4%87\" title=\"Zlatan Ibrahimović\">Zlatan Ibrahimović</a>. Successful tennis players include former world number 1 players <a href=\"/wiki/Bj%C3%B6rn_Borg\" title=\"Björn Borg\">Björn Borg</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Mats_Wilander\" title=\"Mats Wilander\">Mats Wilander</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Stefan_Edberg\" title=\"Stefan Edberg\">Stefan Edberg</a>. Other famous Swedish athletes include the <a href=\"/wiki/Heavyweight\" title=\"Heavyweight\">heavyweight</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Boxing\" title=\"Boxing\">boxing</a> champion and <a href=\"/wiki/International_Boxing_Hall_of_Fame\" title=\"International Boxing Hall of Fame\">International Boxing Hall of Famer</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Ingemar_Johansson\" title=\"Ingemar Johansson\">Ingemar Johansson</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/World_Golf_Hall_of_Fame\" title=\"World Golf Hall of Fame\">World Golf Hall of Famer</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Annika_S%C3%B6renstam\" title=\"Annika Sörenstam\">Annika Sörenstam</a>, and multiple World Championships and Olympics medalist in table tennis <a href=\"/wiki/Jan-Ove_Waldner\" title=\"Jan-Ove Waldner\">Jan-Ove Waldner</a>. Due to its northerly latitude numerous world class winter sports athletes have come from Sweden. This includes alpine skiers <a href=\"/wiki/Ingemar_Stenmark\" title=\"Ingemar Stenmark\">Ingemar Stenmark</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Anja_P%C3%A4rson\" title=\"Anja Pärson\">Anja Pärson</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Pernilla_Wiberg\" title=\"Pernilla Wiberg\">Pernilla Wiberg</a> as well as cross country-skiers <a href=\"/wiki/Gunde_Svan\" title=\"Gunde Svan\">Gunde Svan</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Thomas_Wassberg\" title=\"Thomas Wassberg\">Thomas Wassberg</a>, <a href=\"/wiki/Charlotte_Kalla\" title=\"Charlotte Kalla\">Charlotte Kalla</a> and <a href=\"/wiki/Marcus_Hellner\" title=\"Marcus Hellner\">Marcus Hellner</a>, all Olympic gold medalists.</p>\n<p>In 2016 The Swedish Poker Federation (Svepof) has joined The <a href=\"/wiki/International_Federation_of_Poker\" title=\"International Federation of Poker\">International Federation of Poker</a> (IFP).<sup id=\"cite_ref-293\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-293\">[290]</a></sup></p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"See_also\">See also</span></h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Outline_of_Sweden\" title=\"Outline of Sweden\">Outline of Sweden</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Notes\">Notes</span></h2>\n<div class=\"reflist\" style=\"list-style-type: lower-alpha;\">\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap\">\n<ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-1\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">In recognized minority <a href=\"/wiki/Languages_of_Sweden\" title=\"Languages of Sweden\">languages of Sweden</a>:</span>\n<dl>\n<dd>\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"reference-text\"><a href=\"/wiki/Finnish_language\" title=\"Finnish language\">Finnish</a>: <i><span lang=\"fi\">Ruotsin kuningaskunta</span></i></span></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Me%C3%A4nkieli_language\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Meänkieli language\">Meänkieli</a>: <i>Ruotsiin kuningaskunta</i></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Northern_Sami_language\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Northern Sami language\">Northern Sami</a>: <i><span lang=\"se\">Ruoŧŧa gonagasriika</span></i></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Romani_language\" title=\"Romani language\">Romani</a>: <i><span lang=\"rom\">Thagaripen e Suediyako</span></i></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Yiddish_language\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Yiddish language\">Yiddish</a>: <span lang=\"yi\" dir=\"rtl\">Kenigreykh fun Shvedn קעניגרייך פון שוועדן</span></li>\n</ul>\n</dd>\n</dl>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-103\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-103\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">The State (<a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_language\" title=\"Swedish language\">Swedish</a>: <i><span lang=\"sv\">staten</span></i>) is also descriptively translated into English as the \"central government\", not to be confused with the <a href=\"/wiki/Government_of_Sweden\" title=\"Government of Sweden\">Government</a>, i.e. the cabinet which is but one organ of the State.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-104\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-104\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">An alternate English translation is \"local governments\".</span></li>\n</ol>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"reflist\" style=\"list-style-type: decimal;\"></div>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"References\">References</span></h2>\n<div class=\"reflist columns references-column-width\" style=\"-moz-column-width: 25em; -webkit-column-width: 25em; column-width: 25em; list-style-type: decimal;\">\n<ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-2\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.kungahuset.se/royalcourt/monarchytheroyalcourt/themonarchyinsweden/mottoesofthemonarchs.4.396160511584257f2180004713.html\">\"Mottoes of The Kings and Queens of Sweden\"</a>. <i>www.kungahuset.se</i>. <a href=\"/wiki/Royal_Court_of_Sweden\" title=\"Royal Court of Sweden\">Royal Court of Sweden</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">22 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kungahuset.se&rft.atitle=Mottoes+of+The+Kings+and+Queens+of+Sweden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kungahuset.se%2Froyalcourt%2Fmonarchytheroyalcourt%2Fthemonarchyinsweden%2Fmottoesofthemonarchs.4.396160511584257f2180004713.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-NEsvno-3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-NEsvno_3-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\">Norborg, Lars-Arne. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/svensk-norska-unionen\">\"svensk–norska unionen\"</a>. <i>ne.se</i> (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Nationalencyklopedin\" title=\"Nationalencyklopedin\">Nationalencyklopedin</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">6 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ne.se&rft.atitle=svensk%E2%80%93norska+unionen&rft.aulast=Norborg&rft.aufirst=Lars-Arne&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ne.se%2Fuppslagsverk%2Fencyklopedi%2Fl%25C3%25A5ng%2Fsvensk-norska-unionen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-population-4\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-population_4-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-population_4-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-population_4-2\"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.scb.se/en/finding-statistics/statistics-by-subject-area/population/population-composition/population-statistics/\">Key figures for Sweden</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Statistics_Sweden\" title=\"Statistics Sweden\">Statistics Sweden</a>. Retrieved 19 September 2017.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-imf2-5\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-imf2_5-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-imf2_5-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-imf2_5-2\"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-imf2_5-3\"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2017&ey=2017&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=43&pr1.y=14&c=144&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=\">\"Sweden\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund\" title=\"International Monetary Fund\">International Monetary Fund</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sweden&rft.pub=International+Monetary+Fund&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fexternal%2Fpubs%2Fft%2Fweo%2F2017%2F02%2Fweodata%2Fweorept.aspx%3Fsy%3D2017%26ey%3D2017%26scsm%3D1%26ssd%3D1%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1%26pr1.x%3D43%26pr1.y%3D14%26c%3D144%26s%3DNGDPD%252CPPPGDP%252CNGDPDPC%252CPPPPC%26grp%3D0%26a%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-eurogini-6\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-eurogini_6-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_di12\">\"Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income (source: SILC)\"</a>. Eurostat Data Explorer<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">14 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gini+coefficient+of+equivalised+disposable+income+%28source%3A+SILC%29&rft.pub=Eurostat+Data+Explorer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fappsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu%2Fnui%2Fshow.do%3Fdataset%3Dilc_di12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-HDI-7\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-HDI_7-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2016_human_development_report.pdf\">\"2016 Human Development Report\"</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span>. United Nations Development Programme. 2016<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">23 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2016+Human+Development+Report&rft.pub=United+Nations+Development+Programme&rft.date=2016&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2F2016_human_development_report.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Swedish-8\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-Swedish_8-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Swedish_8-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.riksdagen.se/sv/Dokument-Lagar/Lagar/Svenskforfattningssamling/Spraklag-2009600_sfs-2009-600/\">\"Språklag (2009:600)\"</a> (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Riksdag\" title=\"Riksdag\">Riksdag</a>. 28 May 2009<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">10 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Spr%C3%A5klag+%282009%3A600%29&rft.pub=Riksdag&rft.date=2009-05-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.riksdagen.se%2Fsv%2FDokument-Lagar%2FLagar%2FSvenskforfattningssamling%2FSpraklag-2009600_sfs-2009-600%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Swedish2-9\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-Swedish2_9-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Swedish2_9-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Swedish2_9-2\"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Swedish2_9-3\"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\">Landes, David (1 July 2009). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.thelocal.se/20090701/20404\">\"Swedish becomes official 'main language<span style=\"padding-right:0.2em;\">'</span>\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Local\" title=\"The Local\">The Local</a></i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">15 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Local&rft.atitle=Swedish+becomes+official+%27main+language%27&rft.date=2009-07-01&rft.aulast=Landes&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thelocal.se%2F20090701%2F20404&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-10\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-10\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20140206102022/http://www.sprakradet.se/servlet/GetDoc?meta_id=2119\">\"Är svenskan också officiellt språk i Sverige?\"</a> [Is Swedish also an official language in Sweden?] (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Language_Council\" title=\"Swedish Language Council\">Swedish Language Council</a>. 1 February 2008. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.sprakradet.se/servlet/GetDoc?meta_id=2119#item100400\">the original</a> on 6 February 2014<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">22 June</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%C3%84r+svenskan+ocks%C3%A5+officiellt+spr%C3%A5k+i+Sverige%3F&rft.pub=Swedish+Language+Council&rft.date=2008-02-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sprakradet.se%2Fservlet%2FGetDoc%3Fmeta_id%3D2119%23item100400&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-SCB1-11\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-SCB1_11-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20130317045943/http://www.scb.se/Pages/TableAndChart____26041.aspx\">\"Summary of Population Statistics 1960–2012\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Statistics_Sweden\" title=\"Statistics Sweden\">Statistics Sweden</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.scb.se/Pages/TableAndChart____26041.aspx\">the original</a> on 17 March 2013<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">9 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Summary+of+Population+Statistics+1960%E2%80%932012&rft.pub=Statistics+Sweden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scb.se%2FPages%2FTableAndChart____26041.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-NoteEthn-12\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-NoteEthn_12-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Note that <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish-speaking_Finns\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Swedish-speaking Finns\">Swedish-speaking Finns</a> or other Swedish-speakers born outside Sweden might identify as <i>Swedish</i> despite being born abroad. Moreover, people born in Sweden may not be ethnic Swedes. As the <a href=\"/wiki/Government_of_Sweden\" title=\"Government of Sweden\">Swedish government</a> does not base any statistics on <a href=\"/wiki/Ethnicity\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Ethnicity\">ethnicity</a>, there are no exact numbers on the <a href=\"/wiki/Ethnicity\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Ethnicity\">ethnic</a> background of migrants and their descendants in Sweden. This is not, however, to be confused with migrants' <a href=\"/wiki/Nationality\" title=\"Nationality\">national backgrounds</a>, which are recorded.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-13\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-13\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.statistikdatabasen.scb.se/pxweb/en/ssd/START__BE__BE0101__BE0101Q/UtlSvBakgGrov/?rxid=86abd797-7854-4564-9150-c9b06ae3ab07c9b06ae3ab07\">\"Statistics Sweden\"</a>. <i>www.statistikdatabasen.scb.se</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">15 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.statistikdatabasen.scb.se&rft.atitle=Statistics+Sweden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statistikdatabasen.scb.se%2Fpxweb%2Fen%2Fssd%2FSTART__BE__BE0101__BE0101Q%2FUtlSvBakgGrov%2F%3Frxid%3D86abd797-7854-4564-9150-c9b06ae3ab07c9b06ae3ab07&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-publikationer2007-14\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-publikationer2007_14-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-publikationer2007_14-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><i>Yearbook of Housing and Building Statistics 2007</i></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-15\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-15\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://historiska.se/upptack-historien/artikel/digerdoden/\">About time and its extent</a></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-16\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-16\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://fof.se/tidning/2013/1/artikel/varre-forskarna-anat-digerdoden\">Extent and comparison (with most of Europe)</a></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-17\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-17\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.so-rummet.se/fakta-artiklar/sverige-under-medeltiden-:del-3-av-3-kalmarunionens-tid.\">Hanseatic influence in Scandinavia, reasons for the Kalmar Union</a></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-18\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-18\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\">Birnbaum, Ben (2 December 2010). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2010/dec/2/among-the-disclosures-in-the-19-documents-released/\">\"WikiLeaks reveal Swedes gave intel on Russia, Iran\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Washington_Times\" title=\"The Washington Times\">The Washington Times</a></i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">10 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Times&rft.atitle=WikiLeaks+reveal+Swedes+gave+intel+on+Russia%2C+Iran&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.aulast=Birnbaum&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtontimes.com%2Fnews%2F2010%2Fdec%2F2%2Famong-the-disclosures-in-the-19-documents-released%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-19\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-19\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2013_EN_complete.pdf\">\"2013 Human Development Report\"</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span>. <a href=\"/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Programme\" title=\"United Nations Development Programme\">United Nations Development Programme</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">28 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2013+Human+Development+Report&rft.pub=United+Nations+Development+Programme&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fen%2Fmedia%2FHDR_2013_EN_complete.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-OECD_Better_Life_Index-20\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-OECD_Better_Life_Index_20-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org/#/11111111111\">\"OECD Better Life Index\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/OECD_Publishing\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"OECD Publishing\">OECD Publishing</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">27 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=OECD+Better+Life+Index&rft.pub=OECD+Publishing&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oecdbetterlifeindex.org%2F%23%2F11111111111&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-wefcomp-21\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-wefcomp_21-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-wefcomp_21-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20141210040419/http://www.weforum.org/issues/global-competitiveness\">\"Global Competitiveness Report 2012–2013\"</a>. World Economic Forum. 5 September 2012. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.weforum.org/issues/global-competitiveness\">the original</a> on 10 December 2014<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">9 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Global+Competitiveness+Report+2012%E2%80%932013&rft.pub=World+Economic+Forum&rft.date=2012-09-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weforum.org%2Fissues%2Fglobal-competitiveness&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-22\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-22\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Hellquist, Elof (1922). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://runeberg.org/svetym/1005.html\"><i>Svensk etymologisk ordbok</i></a> [<i>Swedish etymological dictionary</i>] (in Swedish). Lund: Gleerup. p. 917.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Svensk+etymologisk+ordbok&rft.place=Lund&rft.pages=917&rft.pub=Gleerup&rft.date=1922&rft.aulast=Hellquist&rft.aufirst=Elof&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fruneberg.org%2Fsvetym%2F1005.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-23\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-23\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Hellquist, Elof (1922). <i>Svensk etymologisk ordbok</i> [<i>Swedish etymological dictionary</i>] (in Swedish). Lund: Gleerup. p. 915.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Svensk+etymologisk+ordbok&rft.place=Lund&rft.pages=915&rft.pub=Gleerup&rft.date=1922&rft.aulast=Hellquist&rft.aufirst=Elof&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-24\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-24\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Quoted from: Gwyn Jones. <i>A History of the Vikings</i>. Oxford University Press, 2001. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-280134-1\" title=\"Special:BookSources/0-19-280134-1\">0-19-280134-1</a>. Page 164.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Sawyer-25\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-Sawyer_25-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Sawyer_25-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Sawyer, Birgit; Sawyer, Peter (1993). <i>Medieval Scandinavia: from Conversion to Reformation, Circa 800–1500</i>. University of Minnesota Press. pp. 150–153. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8166-1739-2\" title=\"Special:BookSources/0-8166-1739-2\">0-8166-1739-2</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Medieval+Scandinavia%3A+from+Conversion+to+Reformation%2C+Circa+800%E2%80%931500&rft.pages=150-153&rft.pub=University+of+Minnesota+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=0-8166-1739-2&rft.aulast=Sawyer&rft.aufirst=Birgit&rft.au=Sawyer%2C+Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-26\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-26\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Bagge, Sverre (2005). \"The Scandinavian Kingdoms\". In McKitterick, Rosamond. <i>The New Cambridge Medieval History</i>. Cambridge University Press. p. 724. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-36289-X\" title=\"Special:BookSources/0-521-36289-X\">0-521-36289-X</a>. <q>Swedish expansion in Finland led to conflicts with Rus', which were temporarily brought to an end by a peace treaty in 1323, dividing the Karelian peninsula and the northern areas between the two countries.</q></cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Scandinavian+Kingdoms&rft.btitle=The+New+Cambridge+Medieval+History&rft.pages=724&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-521-36289-X&rft.aulast=Bagge&rft.aufirst=Sverre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-27\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-27\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Ivars, Ann-Marie; Hulden, Lena, eds. (2002). <i>När kom svenskarna till Finland?</i>. Helsinki: Studier utg. av Svenska Litteratursällskapet i Finland 646.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=N%C3%A4r+kom+svenskarna+till+Finland%3F&rft.place=Helsinki&rft.pub=Studier+utg.+av+Svenska+Litteraturs%C3%A4llskapet+i+Finland+646&rft.date=2002&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-28\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-28\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Meinander, Carl Fredrik (1983). <i>Om svenskarnes inflyttningar till Finland</i>. Historisk Tidskrift för Finland 3/1983.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Om+svenskarnes+inflyttningar+till+Finland&rft.pub=Historisk+Tidskrift+f%C3%B6r+Finland+3%2F1983&rft.date=1983&rft.aulast=Meinander&rft.aufirst=Carl+Fredrik&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-29\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-29\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Tarkiainen, Kari (2008). <i>Sveriges Österland: Från forntiden till Gustav Vasa. Finlands svenska historia 1. Skrifter utgivna av Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland 702:1</i>. Helsinki: Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland; Stockholm: Atlantis.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sveriges+%C3%96sterland%3A+Fr%C3%A5n+forntiden+till+Gustav+Vasa.+Finlands+svenska+historia+1.+Skrifter+utgivna+av+Svenska+litteraturs%C3%A4llskapet+i+Finland+702%3A1.&rft.place=Helsinki&rft.pub=Svenska+litteraturs%C3%A4llskapet+i+Finland%3B+Stockholm%3A+Atlantis&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Tarkiainen&rft.aufirst=Kari&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-30\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-30\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Scott, Franklin D. (1977). <i>Sweden: The Nation's History</i>. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. p. 58.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sweden%3A+The+Nation%27s+History&rft.place=Minneapolis&rft.pages=58&rft.pub=University+of+Minnesota+Press&rft.date=1977&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=Franklin+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-31\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-31\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Westrin, Theodor, ed. (1920). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://runeberg.org/nfcj/0106.html\"><i>Nordisk familjebok: konversationslexikon och realencyklopedi. Bd 30</i></a> (in Swedish) (New, rev. and richly ill. ed.). Stockholm: Nordisk familjeboks förl. pp. 159–160<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">17 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nordisk+familjebok%3A+konversationslexikon+och+realencyklopedi.+Bd+30&rft.place=Stockholm&rft.pages=159-160&rft.edition=New%2C+rev.+and+richly+ill.&rft.pub=Nordisk+familjeboks+f%C3%B6rl.&rft.date=1920&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fruneberg.org%2Fnfcj%2F0106.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-32\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-32\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Scott, p. 55.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-33\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-33\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Scott, pp. 55–56.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-34\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-34\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Scott, pp. 56–57.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-35\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-35\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Scott, p. 121.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-36\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-36\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Hoyt, Robert S.; Chodorow, Stanley (1976). <i>Europe in the Middle Ages</i>. New York: Harcourt, Brace & Jovanovich, Inc. p. 628.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Europe+in+the+Middle+Ages&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=628&rft.pub=Harcourt%2C+Brace+%26+Jovanovich%2C+Inc.&rft.date=1976&rft.aulast=Hoyt&rft.aufirst=Robert+S.&rft.au=Chodorow%2C+Stanley&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-37\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-37\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Wolfe, John B. (1962). <i>The Emergence of European Civilization</i>. New York: Harper & Row Pub. pp. 50–51.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Emergence+of+European+Civilization&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=50-51&rft.pub=Harper+%26+Row+Pub.&rft.date=1962&rft.aulast=Wolfe&rft.aufirst=John+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Scott,_p._52-38\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-Scott,_p._52_38-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Scott,_p._52_38-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Scott, p. 52.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-39\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-39\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Scott, p. 132.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-40\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-40\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Scott, pp. 156–157.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-HayesPSH-41\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-HayesPSH_41-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">\"A Political and Social History of Modern Europe V.1./Hayes...\" Hayes, Carlton J. H. (1882–1964), <i>Title: A Political and Social History of Modern Europe V.1.</i>, 2002-12-08, Project Gutenberg, webpage: <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://infomotions.com/etexts/gutenberg/dirs/etext04/7hsr110.htm\">Infomot-7hsr110</a>. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20071117105207/http://infomotions.com/etexts/gutenberg/dirs/etext04/7hsr110.htm\">Archived</a> 17 November 2007 at the <a href=\"/wiki/Wayback_Machine\" title=\"Wayback Machine\">Wayback Machine</a>.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-42\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-42\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">However, Sweden's largest territorial extent lasted from 1319 to 1343 with <a href=\"/wiki/Magnus_IV_of_Sweden\" title=\"Magnus IV of Sweden\">Magnus Eriksson</a> ruling all of the <a href=\"/wiki/Lands_of_Sweden\" title=\"Lands of Sweden\">traditional lands of Sweden</a> and Norway.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-GusEB-43\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-GusEB_43-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">\"Gustav I Vasa – Britannica Concise\" (biography), <i>Britannica Concise</i>, 2007, webpage: <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://archive.is/20121206031538/http://concise.britannica.com/ebc/article-9366349/Gustav-I-Vasa\">EBConcise-Gustav-I-Vasa</a>.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-44\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-44\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.kismeta.com/diGrasse/images/kircholm_27_sept.htm\">\"Battle of Kircholm 1605\"</a>. Kismeta.com<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">25 August</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Battle+of+Kircholm+1605&rft.pub=Kismeta.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kismeta.com%2FdiGrasse%2Fimages%2Fkircholm_27_sept.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-45\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-45\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://countrystudies.us/finland/9.htm\">\"Finland and the Swedish Empire\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Country_Studies\" title=\"Library of Congress Country Studies\">Library of Congress Country Studies</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">17 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Finland+and+the+Swedish+Empire&rft.pub=Library+of+Congress+Country+Studies&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcountrystudies.us%2Ffinland%2F9.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-46\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-46\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Ewan, Elizabeth; Nugent, Janay (2008). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=6oOCfHxQDtwC&pg=PA153\"><i>Finding the family in medieval and early modern Scotland</i></a>. Ashgate Publishing. p. 153. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7546-6049-4\" title=\"Special:BookSources/0-7546-6049-4\">0-7546-6049-4</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Finding+the+family+in+medieval+and+early+modern+Scotland&rft.pages=153&rft.pub=Ashgate+Publishing&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=0-7546-6049-4&rft.aulast=Ewan&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.au=Nugent%2C+Janay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6oOCfHxQDtwC%26pg%3DPA153&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-47\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-47\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><i><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://archive.is/20120530021358/http://www.algonet.se/~hogman/slsoldat.htm\">Losses statistics at Militaria</a>.</i> (Swedish)</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-48\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-48\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Tore Frängsmyr, \"Ostindiska Kompaniet\", Publisher- \"Bokförlaget Bra Böcker\", <a href=\"/wiki/H%C3%B6gan%C3%A4s\" title=\"Höganäs\">Höganäs</a>, 1976. (No ISBN to be found), backside overview and</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-49\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-49\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Magocsi, Paul Robert, ed. (1998). <i>Encyclopedia of Canada's Peoples</i>. University of Minnesota Press. p. 1220. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8020-2938-8\" title=\"Special:BookSources/0-8020-2938-8\">0-8020-2938-8</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Canada%27s+Peoples&rft.pages=1220&rft.pub=University+of+Minnesota+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0-8020-2938-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Einhorn-50\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-Einhorn_50-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Einhorn_50-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Einhorn, Eric; Logue, John (1989). <i>Modern Welfare States: Politics and Policies in Social Democratic Scandinavia</i>. Praeger Publishers. p. 9. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0275931889\" title=\"Special:BookSources/978-0275931889\">978-0275931889</a>. <q>Though Denmark, where industrialization had begun in the 1850s, was reasonably prosperous by the end of the nineteenth century, both Sweden and Norway were terribly poor. Only the safety valve of mass emigration to America prevented famine and rebellion. At the peak of emigration in the 1880s, over 1% of the total population of both countries emigrated annually.</q></cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Modern+Welfare+States%3A+Politics+and+Policies+in+Social+Democratic+Scandinavia&rft.pages=9&rft.pub=Praeger+Publishers&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0275931889&rft.aulast=Einhorn&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.au=Logue%2C+John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-51\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-51\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Koblik, Steven (1975). <i>Sweden's Development From Poverty to Affluence, 1750–1970</i>. University of Minnesota Press. pp. 8–9. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0816607662\" title=\"Special:BookSources/978-0816607662\">978-0816607662</a>. <q>In economic and social terms the eighteenth century was more a transitional than a revolutionary period. Sweden was, in light of contemporary Western European standards, a relatively poor but stable country. ...It has been estimated that 75–80% of the population was involved in agricultural pursuits during the late eighteenth century. One hundred years later, the corresponding figure was still 72%.</q></cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sweden%27s+Development+From+Poverty+to+Affluence%2C+1750%E2%80%931970&rft.pages=8-9&rft.pub=University+of+Minnesota+Press&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=978-0816607662&rft.aulast=Koblik&rft.aufirst=Steven&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-52\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-52\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Einhorn, Eric and John Logue (1989), p. 8.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-53\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-53\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Ulf Beijbom, <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.americanwest.com/swedemigr/pages/emigra.htm\">\"European emigration\", The House of Emigrants, Växjö, Sweden</a> <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20080803004438/http://www.americanwest.com/swedemigr/pages/emigra.htm\">Archived</a> 3 August 2008 at the <a href=\"/wiki/Wayback_Machine\" title=\"Wayback Machine\">Wayback Machine</a>.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Koblik9-10-54\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-Koblik9-10_54-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Koblik9-10_54-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Koblik, pp. 9–10.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-55\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-55\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-29865/Sweden#403810.hook\">\"Sweden: Social and economic conditions (2007)\"</a>. Britannica.com.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sweden%3A+Social+and+economic+conditions+%282007%29&rft.pub=Britannica.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Feb%2Farticle-29865%2FSweden%23403810.hook&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-56\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-56\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Koblik, p. 11: \"The agrarian revolution in Sweden is of fundamental importance for Sweden's modern development. Throughout Swedish history the countryside has taken an unusually important role in comparison with other European states.\"</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-57\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-57\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Koblik, p. 90. \"It is usually suggested that between 1870 and 1914 Sweden emerged from its primarily agrarian economic system into a modern industrial economy.\"</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-58\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-58\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation journal\">Siney, Marion C. (1975). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://libx.bsu.edu/cdm4/document.php?CISOROOT=/ConspectusH&CISOPTR=410&REC=1\">\"Swedish neutrality and economic warfare in World War I\"</a>. <i>Conspectus of History</i>. <b>1</b> (2).</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Conspectus+of+History&rft.atitle=Swedish+neutrality+and+economic+warfare+in+World+War+I&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.date=1975&rft.aulast=Siney&rft.aufirst=Marion+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flibx.bsu.edu%2Fcdm4%2Fdocument.php%3FCISOROOT%3D%2FConspectusH%26CISOPTR%3D410%26REC%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Koblik303-313-59\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-Koblik303-313_59-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Koblik303-313_59-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Koblik303-313_59-2\"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Koblik, pp. 303–313.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-60\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-60\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Nordstrom, p. 315: \"Sweden's government attempted to maintain at least a semblance of neutrality while it bent to the demands of the prevailing side in the struggle. Although effective in preserving the country's sovereignty, this approach generated criticism at home from many who believed the threat to Sweden was less serious than the government claimed, problems with the warring powers, ill feelings among its neighbours, and frequent criticism in the postwar period.\"</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-NB313-319-61\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-NB313-319_61-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-NB313-319_61-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-NB313-319_61-2\"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-NB313-319_61-3\"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-NB313-319_61-4\"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Nordstrom, pp. 313–319.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-62\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-62\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Zubicky, Sioma (1997). <i>Med förintelsen i bagaget</i> (in Swedish). Stockholm: Bonnier Carlsen. p. 122. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/91-638-3436-7\" title=\"Special:BookSources/91-638-3436-7\">91-638-3436-7</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Med+f%C3%B6rintelsen+i+bagaget&rft.place=Stockholm&rft.pages=122&rft.pub=Bonnier+Carlsen&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=91-638-3436-7&rft.aulast=Zubicky&rft.aufirst=Sioma&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-63\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-63\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/wallenberg.html\">\"Raoul Wallenberg\"</a>. Jewishvirtuallibrary.org.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Raoul+Wallenberg&rft.pub=Jewishvirtuallibrary.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishvirtuallibrary.org%2Fjsource%2Fbiography%2Fwallenberg.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-NB335-339-64\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-NB335-339_64-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-NB335-339_64-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Nordstrom, pp. 335–339.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-svensteinmo-65\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-svensteinmo_65-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-svensteinmo_65-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><i>Globalization and Taxation: Challenges to the Swedish Welfare State</i>. By Sven Steinmo.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-66\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-66\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,874317,00.htm\">\"Finland: Now, the Seven and a Half\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/Time_(magazine)\" title=\"Time (magazine)\">Time</a></i>. 7 April 1961<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">18 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Finland%3A+Now%2C+the+Seven+and+a+Half&rft.date=1961-04-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C874317%2C00.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-67\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-67\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Nordstrom, p. 344: \"During the last 25 years of the century a host of problems plagued the economies of Norden and the West. Although many were present before, the 1973 and 1980 global oil crises acted as catalysts in bringing them to the fore.\"</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-68\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-68\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Krantz, Olle; Schön, Lennart (2007). <i>Swedish Historical National Accounts, 1800–2000</i>. Lund: Almqvist and Wiksell International.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Swedish+Historical+National+Accounts%2C+1800%E2%80%932000&rft.place=Lund&rft.pub=Almqvist+and+Wiksell+International&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Krantz&rft.aufirst=Olle&rft.au=Sch%C3%B6n%2C+Lennart&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span><sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template\" style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">[<i><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources\" title=\"Wikipedia:Citing sources\"><span title=\"This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (February 2016)\">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-69\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-69\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Englund, P. 1990. \"Financial deregulation in Sweden.\" European Economic Review 34 (2–3): 385–393. Korpi TBD. Meidner, R. 1997. \"The Swedish model in an era of mass unemployment.\" Economic and Industrial Democracy 18 (1): 87–97. Olsen, Gregg M. 1999. \"Half empty or half full? The Swedish welfare state in transition.\" Canadian Review of Sociology & Anthropology, 36 (2): 241–268.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-70\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-70\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1025624.html\">\"Sweden's 'Crazy' 500% Interest Rate; Fails to Faze Most Citizens, Businesses; Hike Seen as Short-Term Move to Protect Krona From Devaluation\"</a>. Highbeam.com. 18 September 1992<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">3 August</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sweden%27s+%27Crazy%27+500%25+Interest+Rate%3B+Fails+to+Faze+Most+Citizens%2C+Businesses%3B+Hike+Seen+as+Short-Term+Move+to+Protect+Krona+From+Devaluation&rft.pub=Highbeam.com&rft.date=1992-09-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1P2-1025624.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-71\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-71\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Jonung, Lars; Kiander, Jaakko; Vartia, Pentti (2009). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=NxFh9qk0wBYC&pg=PA44\"><i>The Great Financial Crisis in Finland and Sweden</i></a>. Edward Elgar Publishing. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84844-305-6\" title=\"Special:BookSources/1-84844-305-6\">1-84844-305-6</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Great+Financial+Crisis+in+Finland+and+Sweden&rft.pub=Edward+Elgar+Publishing&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=1-84844-305-6&rft.aulast=Jonung&rft.aufirst=Lars&rft.au=Kiander%2C+Jaakko&rft.au=Vartia%2C+Pentti&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNxFh9qk0wBYC%26pg%3DPA44&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-72\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-72\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20130429052619/http://www.thelocal.se/article.php?ID=3013&date=20060207\">\"New Swedish weapon in Iraq\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Local\" title=\"The Local\">The Local</a></i>. 7 February 2006. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.thelocal.se/article.php?ID=3013&date=20060207\">the original</a> on 29 April 2013<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">10 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Local&rft.atitle=New+Swedish+weapon+in+Iraq&rft.date=2006-02-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thelocal.se%2Farticle.php%3FID%3D3013%26date%3D20060207&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-73\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-73\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20130726145940/http://www.thelocal.se/16458/20081219/\">\"Rioting breaks out in Malmö suburb\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Local\" title=\"The Local\">The Local</a></i>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.thelocal.se/16458/20081219/\">the original</a> on 26 July 2013<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">30 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Local&rft.atitle=Rioting+breaks+out+in+Malm%C3%B6+suburb&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thelocal.se%2F16458%2F20081219%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-74\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-74\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20130205114737/http://www.thelocal.se/26354/20100429/\">\"Fires and rioting after Malmö suburb unrest\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Local\" title=\"The Local\">The Local</a></i>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.thelocal.se/26354/20100429/\">the original</a> on 5 February 2013<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">30 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Local&rft.atitle=Fires+and+rioting+after+Malm%C3%B6+suburb+unrest&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thelocal.se%2F26354%2F20100429%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-75\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-75\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-05-26/sweden-riots-put-faces-to-statistics-as-stockholm-burns.html\">\"Sweden Riots Put Faces to Statistics as Stockholm Burns\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Bloomberg_News\" title=\"Bloomberg News\">Bloomberg News</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">30 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sweden+Riots+Put+Faces+to+Statistics+as+Stockholm+Burns&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2F2013-05-26%2Fsweden-riots-put-faces-to-statistics-as-stockholm-burns.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-nytimes-76\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-nytimes_76-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-nytimes_76-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\">Higgins, Andrew (26 May 2013). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/27/world/europe/swedens-riots-put-its-identity-in-question.html?pagewanted=all\">\"In Sweden, Riots Put an Identity in Question\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_New_York_Times\" title=\"The New York Times\">The New York Times</a></i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">1 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=In+Sweden%2C+Riots+Put+an+Identity+in+Question&rft.date=2013-05-26&rft.aulast=Higgins&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F05%2F27%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fswedens-riots-put-its-identity-in-question.html%3Fpagewanted%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-77\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-77\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-30610500\">\"Sweden parties reach budget deal to avoid snap election\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/BBC_News\" title=\"BBC News\">BBC News</a>. 27 December 2014<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">9 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sweden+parties+reach+budget+deal+to+avoid+snap+election&rft.pub=BBC+News&rft.date=2014-12-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-30610500&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-78\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-78\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\">Bilefsky, Dan (5 January 2016). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/05/world/europe/sweden-denmark-border-check-migrants.html?_r=0\">\"Sweden and Denmark add border controls to stem flows of migrants\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_New_York_Times\" title=\"The New York Times\">The New York Times</a></i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">9 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Sweden+and+Denmark+add+border+controls+to+stem+flows+of+migrants&rft.date=2016-01-05&rft.aulast=Bilefsky&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F01%2F05%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fsweden-denmark-border-check-migrants.html%3F_r%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-79\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-79\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2147rank.html?countryName=Sweden&countryCode=sw&regionCode=eu&rank=55#sw\">\"Country Comparison: Area\"</a>. <i>Central Intelligence Agency</i>. Cia.gov<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">19 August</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Central+Intelligence+Agency&rft.atitle=Country+Comparison%3A+Area&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Frankorder%2F2147rank.html%3FcountryName%3DSweden%26countryCode%3Dsw%26regionCode%3Deu%26rank%3D55%23sw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-80\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-80\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.gotakanal.se/en/\">\"Göta kanal official website\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/G%C3%B6ta_Canal\" title=\"Göta Canal\">Göta Canal</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">9 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=G%C3%B6ta+kanal+official+website&rft.pub=G%C3%B6ta+Canal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gotakanal.se%2Fen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-81\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-81\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.bbc.co.uk/climate/impact/gulf_stream.shtml\">\"BBC Climate and the Gulf Stream\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/BBC\" title=\"BBC\">BBC</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">29 October</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BBC+Climate+and+the+Gulf+Stream&rft.pub=BBC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fclimate%2Fimpact%2Fgulf_stream.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-82\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-82\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/res/div/ocp/gs/\">\"The Gulf Stream Myth\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Lamont%E2%80%93Doherty_Earth_Observatory\" title=\"Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory\">Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">29 October</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Gulf+Stream+Myth&rft.pub=Lamont%E2%80%93Doherty+Earth+Observatory&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ldeo.columbia.edu%2Fres%2Fdiv%2Focp%2Fgs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-83\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-83\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20061117173015/http://www.fao.org/waicent/faoinfo/sustdev/EIdirect/climate/EIsp0002.htm\">\"Global Climate Maps\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Food_and_Agriculture_Organization\" title=\"Food and Agriculture Organization\">Food and Agriculture Organization</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.fao.org/WAICENT/FAOINFO/SUSTDEV/EIdirect/climate/EIsp0002.htm\">the original</a> on 17 November 2006.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Global+Climate+Maps&rft.pub=Food+and+Agriculture+Organization&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fao.org%2FWAICENT%2FFAOINFO%2FSUSTDEV%2FEIdirect%2Fclimate%2FEIsp0002.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-84\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-84\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.smhi.se/klimatdata/meteorologi/stralning/1.3052\">\"Normal solskenstid för ett år\"</a> (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Meteorological_and_Hydrological_Institute\" title=\"Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute\">Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">27 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Normal+solskenstid+f%C3%B6r+ett+%C3%A5r&rft.pub=Swedish+Meteorological+and+Hydrological+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.smhi.se%2Fklimatdata%2Fmeteorologi%2Fstralning%2F1.3052&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-85\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-85\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">as can be seen in the table below which relies on <a href=\"/wiki/SMHI\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"SMHI\">SMHI</a> official data for the latest fixed 30-year period, 1961 to 1990</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-86\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-86\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://data.smhi.se/met/climate/time_series/month/vov_pdf/SMHI_vov_precipitation_sunshine_jan15.pdf?71642\">\"Precipitation, Sunshine & Radiation for January 2015 (all-time records section)\"</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span> (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Meteorological_and_Hydrological_Institute\" title=\"Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute\">Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">31 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Precipitation%2C+Sunshine+%26+Radiation+for+January+2015+%28all-time+records+section%29&rft.pub=Swedish+Meteorological+and+Hydrological+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.smhi.se%2Fmet%2Fclimate%2Ftime_series%2Fmonth%2Fvov_pdf%2FSMHI_vov_precipitation_sunshine_jan15.pdf%3F71642&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-87\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-87\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://data.smhi.se/met/climate/time_series/month/vov_pdf/SMHI_vov_temperature_wind_jan15.pdf?18701\">\"Temperature & Wind – January 2015 (all-time records section)\"</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span> (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Meteorological_and_Hydrological_Institute\" title=\"Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute\">Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">31 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Temperature+%26+Wind+%E2%80%93+January+2015+%28all-time+records+section%29&rft.pub=Swedish+Meteorological+and+Hydrological+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.smhi.se%2Fmet%2Fclimate%2Ftime_series%2Fmonth%2Fvov_pdf%2FSMHI_vov_temperature_wind_jan15.pdf%3F18701&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-88\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-88\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.smhi.se/kunskapsbanken/meteorologi/tropiska-natter-1.1085\">\"Tropiska nätter\"</a> [Tropical nights] (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Meteorological_and_Hydrological_Institute\" title=\"Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute\">Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">9 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tropiska+n%C3%A4tter&rft.pub=Swedish+Meteorological+and+Hydrological+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.smhi.se%2Fkunskapsbanken%2Fmeteorologi%2Ftropiska-natter-1.1085&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-89\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-89\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">The weather stations' names and numbers are first found at <cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.smhi.se/polopoly_fs/1.2860!ttm6190%5B1%5D.pdf\">\"Archived copy\"</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span>. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20160303222636/http://www.smhi.se/polopoly_fs/1.2860%21ttm6190%5B1%5D.pdf\">Archived</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span> from the original on 3 March 2016<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">12 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.smhi.se%2Fpolopoly_fs%2F1.2860%21ttm6190%255B1%255D.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-90\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-90\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Then every average temperatures for each months and annual average is then found at <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external free\" href=\"http://data.smhi.se/met/climate/time_series/month_year/normal_1961_1990/SMHI_month_year_normal_61_90_temperature_celsius.txt\">http://data.smhi.se/met/climate/time_series/month_year/normal_1961_1990/SMHI_month_year_normal_61_90_temperature_celsius.txt</a><sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template\"><span style=\"white-space: nowrap;\">[<i><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot\" title=\"Wikipedia:Link rot\"><span title=\" Dead link since December 2016\">permanent dead link</span></a></i>]</span></sup></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-91\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-91\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external free\" href=\"https://www.skogskunskap.se/planera-skogsbruk/naturhansyn/naturmiljoer-fran-norr-till-soder/sodra-lovskogsregionen/\">https://www.skogskunskap.se/planera-skogsbruk/naturhansyn/naturmiljoer-fran-norr-till-soder/sodra-lovskogsregionen/</a></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-92\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-92\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external free\" href=\"http://www.lansstyrelsen.se/skane/Sv/samhallsplanering-och-kulturmiljo/landskapsvard/kulturmiljoprogram/historia-utveckling/skogens-landskap/skog-och-bebyggelse/Pages/index.aspx\">http://www.lansstyrelsen.se/skane/Sv/samhallsplanering-och-kulturmiljo/landskapsvard/kulturmiljoprogram/historia-utveckling/skogens-landskap/skog-och-bebyggelse/Pages/index.aspx</a> Quote \"<i>Granskogen, som spreds norrifrån, nådde inte Skåne förrän mot slutet av 1800-talet. Under 1900-talets första hälft planterades stora arealer granskog.</i>\" or in English \"The spruce forest, which spread from the north, did not reach Scania until the end of the 19th century. During the first half of the twentieth century, large areas of pine forest were planted.\"</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-93\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-93\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Karna_Hansson/publication/27655197_Bok-_och_grankonkurrens_i_Sydsverige_-_markegenskaper_och_naturlig_foryngring/links/00b7d524439c09588c000000/Bok-och-grankonkurrens-i-Sydsverige-markegenskaper-och-naturlig-foeryngring.pdf\">Summary in English PDF, page 8 at</a></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-94\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-94\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external free\" href=\"https://www.skogsstyrelsen.se/om-oss/var-tidning-skogseko/skogseko-2-2017/skogen-vaxer-battre--men-riskerna-blir-fler/\">https://www.skogsstyrelsen.se/om-oss/var-tidning-skogseko/skogseko-2-2017/skogen-vaxer-battre--men-riskerna-blir-fler/</a></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-95\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-95\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Quote from <a href=\"/wiki/Sydsvenska_Dagbladet\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Sydsvenska Dagbladet\">Sydsvenska Dagbladet</a>, section \"2\" at <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external autonumber\" href=\"https://www.sydsvenskan.se/2015-01-04/en-kvarts-miljard-trad-foll-under-stormnatten\">[1]</a>,\"<i>Efter stormen kritiserades skogsägarna för att de dominerande granskogarna gjorde att stormen tog hårdare. Uppblandning med lövträd gör skog stryktåligare</i>\" or in English \"After the storm, the spruce and pine forest owners were criticized for the domination of the forests that made the storm tougher. Admixture with hardwood makes forest more stringent\"</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-96\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-96\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a href=\"/wiki/Dagens_Nyheter\" title=\"Dagens Nyheter\">Dagens Nyheter</a> about the same. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external autonumber\" href=\"https://www.dn.se/nyheter/vetenskap/analys-dags-plantera-lovskog-i-soder/\">[2]</a></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-97\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-97\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">About the 1984 \"Ädellövskogslagen\" <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external autonumber\" href=\"http://www.naturait.se/adellovskogen/\">[3]</a> - \"<i>I Sydsverige (Skåne, Halland och Blekinge) skall minst 70% av beståndet utgöras av ädellöv. Enligt ädellövskogslagen skall efter slutavverkning, alltid ny ädellövskog anläggas på sådana marker.</i>\" or \"In southern Sweden (Scania, Halland and Blekinge) at least 70% of the stock must be of <a href=\"/wiki/Edible_leaves\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Edible leaves\">edible leaves</a>. According to the 'edible deciduous forests law', after ever harvesting, new deciduous forests must always be planted on such fields.\" (in these three provinces)</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-98\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-98\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external free\" href=\"https://www.skogskunskap.se/planera-skogsbruk/naturhansyn/naturmiljoer-fran-norr-till-soder/sodra-barrskogsregionen/\">https://www.skogskunskap.se/planera-skogsbruk/naturhansyn/naturmiljoer-fran-norr-till-soder/sodra-barrskogsregionen/</a></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-99\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-99\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Swedish Encyclopedia \"Bonniers Lexikon\", vol 13 of 15, article \"Sverige\", Sweden, columns 1046-1050</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-H.M._King_Carl_XVI_Gustaf-100\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-H.M._King_Carl_XVI_Gustaf_100-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.kungahuset.se/royalcourt/royalfamily/hmkingcarlxvigustaf.4.396160511584257f218000644.html\">\"H.M. King Carl XVI Gustaf\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Royal_Court_of_Sweden\" title=\"Royal Court of Sweden\">Royal Court of Sweden</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">9 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=H.M.+King+Carl+XVI+Gustaf&rft.pub=Royal+Court+of+Sweden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kungahuset.se%2Froyalcourt%2Froyalfamily%2Fhmkingcarlxvigustaf.4.396160511584257f218000644.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-The_Constitution-101\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-The_Constitution_101-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-The_Constitution_101-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.riksdagen.se/en/How-the-Riksdag-works/Democracy/The-Constitution/\">\"The Constitution\"</a>. The <a href=\"/wiki/Riksdag\" title=\"Riksdag\">Riksdag</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">8 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Constitution&rft.pub=The+Riksdag&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.riksdagen.se%2Fen%2FHow-the-Riksdag-works%2FDemocracy%2FThe-Constitution%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Petersson:38-40-102\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-Petersson:38-40_102-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a href=\"#Petersson\">Petersson</a>: pp. 38–40.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Larsson_&_Bäck:16-18-105\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-Larsson_&_Bäck:16-18_105-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a href=\"#Larsson_&_Bäck\">Larsson & Bäck</a>: pp. 16–18.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Larsson_&_Bäck:212-215-106\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-Larsson_&_Bäck:212-215_106-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Larsson_&_Bäck:212-215_106-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Larsson_&_Bäck:212-215_106-2\"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a href=\"#Larsson_&_Bäck\">Larsson & Bäck</a>: pp. 212–215.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Petersson:92-107\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-Petersson:92_107-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a href=\"#Petersson\">Petersson</a>: p. 92.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Petersson:174-108\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-Petersson:174_108-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a href=\"#Petersson\">Petersson</a>: p. 174.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Petersson:79-109\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-Petersson:79_109-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Petersson:79_109-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a href=\"#Petersson\">Petersson</a>: p. 79.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Larsson_&_Bäck:210-110\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-Larsson_&_Bäck:210_110-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a href=\"#Larsson_&_Bäck\">Larsson & Bäck</a>: p. 210.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Petersson:79-82-111\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-Petersson:79-82_111-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a href=\"#Petersson\">Petersson</a>: pp. 79–82.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Petersson:80-82-112\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-Petersson:80-82_112-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a href=\"#Petersson\">Petersson</a>: pp. 80–82.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-113\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-113\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.sweden.se/eng/Home/Society/Monarchy/Facts/Monarchy/\">\"Monarchy: A modern royal family\"</a>. Sweden.se<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">13 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monarchy%3A+A+modern+royal+family&rft.pub=Sweden.se&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sweden.se%2Feng%2FHome%2FSociety%2FMonarchy%2FFacts%2FMonarchy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-The_Instrument_of_Government-114\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-The_Instrument_of_Government_114-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.riksdagen.se/en/How-the-Riksdag-works/Democracy/The-Constitution/The-Instrument-of-Government/\">\"The Instrument of Government\"</a>. The <a href=\"/wiki/Riksdag\" title=\"Riksdag\">Riksdag</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">8 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Instrument+of+Government&rft.pub=The+Riksdag&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.riksdagen.se%2Fen%2FHow-the-Riksdag-works%2FDemocracy%2FThe-Constitution%2FThe-Instrument-of-Government%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-The_Head_of_State-115\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-The_Head_of_State_115-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20140225235411/http://www.government.se/sb/d/2853/nocache/true/a/21785/dictionary/true\">\"The Head of State\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Government_of_Sweden\" title=\"Government of Sweden\">Government of Sweden</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.government.se/sb/d/2853/nocache/true/a/21785/dictionary/true\">the original</a> on 25 February 2014<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">8 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Head+of+State&rft.pub=Government+of+Sweden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.government.se%2Fsb%2Fd%2F2853%2Fnocache%2Ftrue%2Fa%2F21785%2Fdictionary%2Ftrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Duties_of_the_Monarch-116\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-Duties_of_the_Monarch_116-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Duties_of_the_Monarch_116-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.kungahuset.se/royalcourt/monarchy/themonarchyinsweden/dutiesofthemonarch.4.396160511584257f2180003302.html\">\"Duties of the Monarch\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Royal_Court_of_Sweden\" title=\"Royal Court of Sweden\">Royal Court of Sweden</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">8 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Duties+of+the+Monarch&rft.pub=Royal+Court+of+Sweden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kungahuset.se%2Froyalcourt%2Fmonarchy%2Fthemonarchyinsweden%2Fdutiesofthemonarch.4.396160511584257f2180003302.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-A_new_government_is_formed-117\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-A_new_government_is_formed_117-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.riksdagen.se/en/How-the-Riksdag-works/Democracy/Forming-a-government/A-new-government-is-formed/\">\"A new government is formed\"</a>. The <a href=\"/wiki/Riksdag\" title=\"Riksdag\">Riksdag</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">8 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+new+government+is+formed&rft.pub=The+Riksdag&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.riksdagen.se%2Fen%2FHow-the-Riksdag-works%2FDemocracy%2FForming-a-government%2FA-new-government-is-formed%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-118\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-118\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.kungahuset.se/download/18.4ea495e313c19c119aa766c/1390581085970/Verksamhetsberattelse2012_eng.pdf\">\"Annual Report 2012\"</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span>. <a href=\"/wiki/Royal_Court_of_Sweden\" title=\"Royal Court of Sweden\">Royal Court of Sweden</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">8 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Annual+Report+2012&rft.pub=Royal+Court+of+Sweden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kungahuset.se%2Fdownload%2F18.4ea495e313c19c119aa766c%2F1390581085970%2FVerksamhetsberattelse2012_eng.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-The_Riksdag_Act_–_almost_a_fundamental_law-119\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-The_Riksdag_Act_–_almost_a_fundamental_law_119-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20141024155003/http://www.riksdagen.se/en/How-the-Riksdag-works/Democracy/The-Constitution/The-Riksdag-Act---almost-a-fundamental-law/\">\"The Riksdag Act – almost a fundamental law\"</a>. The <a href=\"/wiki/Riksdag\" title=\"Riksdag\">Riksdag</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.riksdagen.se/en/How-the-Riksdag-works/Democracy/The-Constitution/The-Riksdag-Act---almost-a-fundamental-law/\">the original</a> on 24 October 2014<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">9 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Riksdag+Act+%E2%80%93+almost+a+fundamental+law&rft.pub=The+Riksdag&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.riksdagen.se%2Fen%2FHow-the-Riksdag-works%2FDemocracy%2FThe-Constitution%2FThe-Riksdag-Act---almost-a-fundamental-law%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-The_Swedish_Government_Offices_–_a_historical_perspective-120\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-The_Swedish_Government_Offices_–_a_historical_perspective_120-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20141024144929/http://www.government.se/sb/d/4140/\">\"The Swedish Government Offices – a historical perspective\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Government_Offices_of_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Government Offices of Sweden\">Government Offices of Sweden</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.government.se/sb/d/4140/\">the original</a> on 24 October 2014<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">8 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Swedish+Government+Offices+%E2%80%93+a+historical+perspective&rft.pub=Government+Offices+of+Sweden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.government.se%2Fsb%2Fd%2F4140%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Forming_a_government-121\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-Forming_a_government_121-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.riksdagen.se/en/How-the-Riksdag-works/Democracy/Forming-a-government/\">\"Forming a government\"</a>. The <a href=\"/wiki/Riksdag\" title=\"Riksdag\">Riksdag</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">8 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Forming+a+government&rft.pub=The+Riksdag&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.riksdagen.se%2Fen%2FHow-the-Riksdag-works%2FDemocracy%2FForming-a-government%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-IG-122\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-IG_122-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.riksdagen.se/Global/dokument/dokument/laws/the-instrument-of-government-2012.pdf\">\"The Instrument of Government (as of 2012)\"</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span>. The <a href=\"/wiki/Riksdag\" title=\"Riksdag\">Riksdag</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">8 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Instrument+of+Government+%28as+of+2012%29&rft.pub=The+Riksdag&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.riksdagen.se%2FGlobal%2Fdokument%2Fdokument%2Flaws%2Fthe-instrument-of-government-2012.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-The_Swedish_courts-123\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-The_Swedish_courts_123-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.domstol.se/Funktioner/English/The-Swedish-courts/\">\"The Swedish courts\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_National_Courts_Administration\" title=\"Swedish National Courts Administration\">Swedish National Courts Administration</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">9 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Swedish+courts&rft.pub=Swedish+National+Courts+Administration&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.domstol.se%2FFunktioner%2FEnglish%2FThe-Swedish-courts%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-FOOTNOTETerrill2009243-124\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerrill2009243_124-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a href=\"#CITEREFTerrill2009\">Terrill 2009</a>, p. 243.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-FOOTNOTETerrill2009246-125\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETerrill2009246_125-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a href=\"#CITEREFTerrill2009\">Terrill 2009</a>, p. 246.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-126\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-126\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20120511050348/http://www.sweden.se/eng/Home/Society/Government-politics/Reading/Center-right-wins-Swedish-election--but-short-of-majority/\">\"Center–right wins Swedish election — but short of majority\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Sveriges_Radio\" title=\"Sveriges Radio\">Sveriges Radio</a> International/Radio Sweden. 20 September 2010. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.sweden.se/eng/Home/Society/Government-politics/Reading/Center-right-wins-Swedish-election--but-short-of-majority/\">the original</a> on 11 May 2012.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Center%E2%80%93right+wins+Swedish+election+%E2%80%94+but+short+of+majority&rft.date=2010-09-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sweden.se%2Feng%2FHome%2FSociety%2FGovernment-politics%2FReading%2FCenter-right-wins-Swedish-election--but-short-of-majority%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-127\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-127\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\">The Official Website of the Swedish Election Authority. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.val.se/val/val2006/slutlig/R/rike/roster.html\">\"Val till riksdagen\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Election_Authority_(Sweden)\" title=\"Election Authority (Sweden)\">Election Authority</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Val+till+riksdagen&rft.pub=Election+Authority&rft.au=The+Official+Website+of+the+Swedish+Election+Authority&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.val.se%2Fval%2Fval2006%2Fslutlig%2FR%2Frike%2Froster.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-2014_Election_Result-128\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-2014_Election_Result_128-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-2014_Election_Result_128-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.val.se/val/val2014/slutresultat/protokoll/protokoll_00R.pdf\">\"Beslut 2014-09-20\"</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span> (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Election_Authority_(Sweden)\" title=\"Election Authority (Sweden)\">Election Authority</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">8 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Beslut+2014-09-20&rft.pub=Election+Authority&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.val.se%2Fval%2Fval2014%2Fslutresultat%2Fprotokoll%2Fprotokoll_00R.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Sweden's_new_Government-129\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-Sweden's_new_Government_129-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20141006234923/http://www.government.se/sb/d/575/a/247235\">\"Sweden's new Government\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Government_Offices_of_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Government Offices of Sweden\">Government Offices of Sweden</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.government.se/sb/d/575/a/247235\">the original</a> on 6 October 2014<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">8 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sweden%27s+new+Government&rft.pub=Government+Offices+of+Sweden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.government.se%2Fsb%2Fd%2F575%2Fa%2F247235&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Change_of_Government_Council_at_the_Royal_Palace_of_Stockholm-130\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-Change_of_Government_Council_at_the_Royal_Palace_of_Stockholm_130-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.kungahuset.se/royalcourt/royalfamily/latestnews/latestnews/changeofgovernmentcouncilattheroyalpalaceofstockholm.5.67e94750148caf4ad27127.html\">\"Change of Government Council at the Royal Palace of Stockholm\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Royal_Court_of_Sweden\" title=\"Royal Court of Sweden\">Royal Court of Sweden</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">8 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Change+of+Government+Council+at+the+Royal+Palace+of+Stockholm&rft.pub=Royal+Court+of+Sweden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kungahuset.se%2Froyalcourt%2Froyalfamily%2Flatestnews%2Flatestnews%2Fchangeofgovernmentcouncilattheroyalpalaceofstockholm.5.67e94750148caf4ad27127.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-131\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-131\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.val.se/val/val2014/slutresultat/R/rike/index.html\">\"Röster – Val 2014\"</a> (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Election_Authority_(Sweden)\" title=\"Election Authority (Sweden)\">Election Authority</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">15 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=R%C3%B6ster+%E2%80%93+Val+2014&rft.pub=Election+Authority&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.val.se%2Fval%2Fval2014%2Fslutresultat%2FR%2Frike%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-132\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-132\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Holmberg, Sören (1999). Norris, Pippa, ed. <i>Critical Citizens: Global Support for Democratic Government</i>. <a href=\"/wiki/Oxford_University_Press\" title=\"Oxford University Press\">Oxford University Press</a>. pp. 103–123. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-829568-5\" title=\"Special:BookSources/0-19-829568-5\">0-19-829568-5</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Critical+Citizens%3A+Global+Support+for+Democratic+Government&rft.pages=103-123&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-19-829568-5&rft.au=Holmberg%2C+S%C3%B6ren&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-133\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-133\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions, <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://skl.se/tjanster/englishpages/municipalitiescountycouncilsandregions.1088.html\">Municipalities, county councils and regions</a> <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20161122153331/http://skl.se/tjanster/englishpages/municipalitiescountycouncilsandregions.1088.html\">Archived</a> 22 November 2016 at the <a href=\"/wiki/Wayback_Machine\" title=\"Wayback Machine\">Wayback Machine</a>.; official translation of the <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.regeringen.se/content/1/c4/06/96/34cb7541.pdf\">Local Government Act</a> <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20050220081642/http://www.regeringen.se/content/1/c4/06/96/34cb7541.pdf\">Archived</a> 20 February 2005 at the <a href=\"/wiki/Wayback_Machine\" title=\"Wayback Machine\">Wayback Machine</a>. (<i>Kommunallagen</i>);<a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.sll.se/om-landstinget/Information-in-English1/About-Stockholm-County-Council/\">About Stockholm County Council</a> <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20160821160842/http://www.sll.se/om-landstinget/Information-in-English1/About-Stockholm-County-Council/\">Archived</a> 21 August 2016 at the <a href=\"/wiki/Wayback_Machine\" title=\"Wayback Machine\">Wayback Machine</a>.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-sh-134\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-sh_134-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Hadenius, Stig; Nilsson, Torbjörn; Åselius, Gunnar (1996). <i>Sveriges historia: vad varje svensk bör veta</i> [<i>History of Sweden: what every Swede should know</i>] (in Swedish). Stockholm: Bonnier Alba. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/91-34-51784-7\" title=\"Special:BookSources/91-34-51784-7\">91-34-51784-7</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sveriges+historia%3A+vad+varje+svensk+b%C3%B6r+veta&rft.place=Stockholm&rft.pub=Bonnier+Alba&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=91-34-51784-7&rft.aulast=Hadenius&rft.aufirst=Stig&rft.au=Nilsson%2C+Torbj%C3%B6rn&rft.au=%C3%85selius%2C+Gunnar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span>:</span>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<td> </td>\n<td>Hur och när det svenska riket uppstod vet vi inte. Först under 1100-talet börjar skriftliga dokument produceras i Sverige i någon större omfattning […]</td>\n<td> </td>\n<td>How and when the Swedish kingdom appeared is not known. It is not until the 12th century that written document begin to be produced in Sweden in any larger extent […]</td>\n</tr>\n</table>\n</li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-135\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-135\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://lagen.nu/1973:702\">\"Kungl. Maj:ts kungörelse med anledning av konung Gustaf VI Adolfs frånfälle\"</a> (in Swedish). Lagen.nu<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">17 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kungl.+Maj%3Ats+kung%C3%B6relse+med+anledning+av+konung+Gustaf+VI+Adolfs+fr%C3%A5nf%C3%A4lle&rft.pub=Lagen.nu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flagen.nu%2F1973%3A702&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Riksdagen-136\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-Riksdagen_136-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-Riksdagen_136-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.riksdagen.se/en/How-the-Riksdag-works/Democracy/The-history-of-the-Riksdag/\">\"The history of the Riksdag\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Riksdag\" title=\"Riksdag\">Riksdag</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">9 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+history+of+the+Riksdag&rft.pub=Riksdag&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.riksdagen.se%2Fen%2FHow-the-Riksdag-works%2FDemocracy%2FThe-history-of-the-Riksdag%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-137\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-137\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Baten, Jörg (2016). <i>A History of the Global Economy. From 1500 to the Present</i>. Cambridge University Press. p. 22. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781107507180\" title=\"Special:BookSources/9781107507180\">9781107507180</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+Global+Economy.+From+1500+to+the+Present.&rft.pages=22&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9781107507180&rft.au=Baten%2C+J%C3%B6rg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-138\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-138\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.nospank.net/durrant.htm\">\"The Swedish Ban on Corporal Punishment: Its History and Effects\"</a>. Nospank.net<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">10 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Swedish+Ban+on+Corporal+Punishment%3A+Its+History+and+Effects&rft.pub=Nospank.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nospank.net%2Fdurrant.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-EUEqualityReport-139\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-EUEqualityReport_139-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20070817175053/http://ec.europa.eu/employment_social/publications/2006/keaj06001_en.pdf\">\"Report On The Equality Between Men And Women\"</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/Directorate-General_for_Employment,_Social_Affairs_and_Inclusion\" title=\"Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion\">Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion</a></i>. <a href=\"/wiki/European_Commission\" title=\"European Commission\">European Commission</a>. February 2006. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://ec.europa.eu/employment_social/publications/2006/keaj06001_en.pdf\">the original</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(<a href=\"/wiki/PDF\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"PDF\">PDF</a>)</span> on 17 August 2007.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Directorate-General+for+Employment%2C+Social+Affairs+and+Inclusion&rft.atitle=Report+On+The+Equality+Between+Men+And+Women&rft.date=2006-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Femployment_social%2Fpublications%2F2006%2Fkeaj06001_en.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-140\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-140\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.norden.org/webb/news/news.asp?lang=6&id=6605\">\"Nordic countries rank highest in gender equality\"</a>. Norden.org<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">6 May</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nordic+countries+rank+highest+in+gender+equality&rft.pub=Norden.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.norden.org%2Fwebb%2Fnews%2Fnews.asp%3Flang%3D6%26id%3D6605&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-141\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-141\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20090209002918/http://www.dom.se/templates/DV_InfoPage____2317.aspx\">\"The Swedish courts\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_National_Courts_Administration\" title=\"Swedish National Courts Administration\">Swedish National Courts Administration</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.dom.se/templates/DV_InfoPage____2317.aspx\">the original</a> on 9 February 2009.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Swedish+courts&rft.pub=Swedish+National+Courts+Administration&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dom.se%2Ftemplates%2FDV_InfoPage____2317.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-burdenofcrime2005-142\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-burdenofcrime2005_142-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\">van Dijk, Jan; Robert Manchin; John van Kesteren; Sami Nevala; Gergely Hideg (2005). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20080428050421/http://www.gallup-europe.be/downloads/EUICS%20-%20The%20Burden%20of%20Crime%20in%20the%20EU.pdf\">\"EUICS report, The Burden of Crime in the EU, A Comparative Analysis of the\"</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.gallup-europe.be/downloads/EUICS%20-%20The%20Burden%20of%20Crime%20in%20the%20EU.pdf\">the original</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span> on 28 April 2008.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=EUICS+report%2C+The+Burden+of+Crime+in+the+EU%2C+A+Comparative+Analysis+of+the&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=van+Dijk&rft.aufirst=Jan&rft.au=Robert+Manchin&rft.au=John+van+Kesteren&rft.au=Sami+Nevala&rft.au=Gergely+Hideg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gallup-europe.be%2Fdownloads%2FEUICS%2520-%2520The%2520Burden%2520of%2520Crime%2520in%2520the%2520EU.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-143\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-143\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\">Orange, Richard (11 November 2013). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/nov/11/sweden-closes-prisons-number-inmates-plummets\">\"Sweden closes four prisons as number of inmates plummets\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Guardian\" title=\"The Guardian\">The Guardian</a></i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">15 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Sweden+closes+four+prisons+as+number+of+inmates+plummets&rft.date=2013-11-11&rft.aulast=Orange&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2013%2Fnov%2F11%2Fsweden-closes-prisons-number-inmates-plummets&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-144\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-144\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Nordstrom p. 302: \"In fact, the plans were mostly a ruse to establish control of the crucial Norwegian port of Narvik and the iron mines of northern Sweden, which were vitally important to the German war efforts.\"</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-145\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-145\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">As context, according to <a href=\"/wiki/Edwin_Reischauer\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Edwin Reischauer\">Edwin Reischauer</a>, \"To be neutral you must be ready to be highly militarized, like Switzerland or Sweden.\" – <i>see</i> <cite class=\"citation news\">Chapin, Emerson (2 September 1990). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CE2DC163AF931A3575AC0A966958260&scp=1&sq=edwin+o+reischauer&st=nyt\">\"Edwin Reischauer, Diplomat and Scholar, Dies at 79\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_New_York_Times\" title=\"The New York Times\">The New York Times</a></i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">16 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Edwin+Reischauer%2C+Diplomat+and+Scholar%2C+Dies+at+79&rft.date=1990-09-02&rft.aulast=Chapin&rft.aufirst=Emerson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Ffullpage.html%3Fres%3D9C0CE2DC163AF931A3575AC0A966958260%26scp%3D1%26sq%3Dedwin%2Bo%2Breischauer%26st%3Dnyt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-146\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-146\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Nordstrom, p 336: \"As a corollary, a security policy based on strong national defences designed to discourage, but not prevent, attack was pursued. For the next several decades, the Swedish poured an annual average of about 5% of GDP into making their defenses credible.\"</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-147\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-147\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003/10/1010_031010_swedishspyplane.html\">\"Cold War Spy Plane Found in Baltic Sea\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/National_Geographic_News\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"National Geographic News\">National Geographic News</a>. 10 October 2003<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">10 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cold+War+Spy+Plane+Found+in+Baltic+Sea&rft.pub=National+Geographic+News&rft.date=2003-10-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.nationalgeographic.com%2Fnews%2F2003%2F10%2F1010_031010_swedishspyplane.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-148\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-148\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.forsvarsmakten.se/sv/Rekrytering/Varnplikt/\">\"Värnplikt\"</a> [Conscription] (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Armed_Forces\" title=\"Swedish Armed Forces\">Swedish Armed Forces</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">21 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=V%C3%A4rnplikt&rft.pub=Swedish+Armed+Forces&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.forsvarsmakten.se%2Fsv%2FRekrytering%2FVarnplikt%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span><sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template\"><span style=\"white-space: nowrap;\">[<i><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot\" title=\"Wikipedia:Link rot\"><span title=\" Dead link since May 2016\">dead link</span></a></i>]</span></sup></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-149\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-149\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20110426203557/http://svt.se/2.22620/1.1595556/allmanna_varnplikten_skrotas?lid=puff_1597044&lpos=extra_0\">\"Allmänna värnplikten skrotas\"</a> [General conscription scrapped] (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Sveriges_Television\" title=\"Sveriges Television\">Sveriges Television</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://svt.se/2.22620/1.1595556/allmanna_varnplikten_skrotas?lid=puff_1597044&lpos=extra_0\">the original</a> on 26 April 2011<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. 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Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.credit-suisse.com/news/doc/credit_suisse_global_wealth_databook.pdf\">the original</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span> on 23 October 2012.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Global+Wealth+Databook&rft.pages=14-15%2C+83-86&rft.pub=Credit+Suisse+%28using+Statistics+Sweden+data%29&rft.date=2010&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.credit-suisse.com%2Fnews%2Fdoc%2Fcredit_suisse_global_wealth_databook.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-161\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-161\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\">Edvinsson, Sören; Malmberg, Gunnar & Häggström Lundevaller, Erling (2011). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-51702\">\"Do unequal societies cause death and disease?\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Ume%C3%A5_University\" title=\"Umeå University\">Umeå University</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Do+unequal+societies+cause+death+and+disease%3F&rft.pub=Ume%C3%A5+University&rft.date=2011&rft.au=Edvinsson%2C+S%C3%B6ren&rft.au=Malmberg%2C+Gunnar&rft.au=H%C3%A4ggstr%C3%B6m+Lundevaller%2C+Erling&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Furn.kb.se%2Fresolve%3Furn%3Durn%3Anbn%3Ase%3Aumu%3Adiva-51702&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-162\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-162\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20061004050916/http://www.infoexport.gc.ca/science/nordics_sweden_report-en.htm\">\"Doing Business Abroad – Innovation, Science and Technology\"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">17 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Heritage+Foundation&rft.atitle=Pension+Reform+in+Sweden%3A+Lessons+for+American+Policymakers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heritage.org%2FResearch%2FSocialSecurity%2Fbg1381.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-167\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-167\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\">Gee, Oliver (8 April 2014). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.thelocal.se/20140408/swedish-workers-to-test-six-hour-work-days\">\"Swedes to give six-hour workday a go\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Local\" title=\"The Local\">The Local</a></i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. 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OECD, Europe. 2011.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Revenue+Statistics+%E2%80%93+Comparative+tables&rft.pub=OECD%2C+Europe&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstats.oecd.org%2FIndex.aspx%3FQueryId%3D21699&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-AgellEnglund-169\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-AgellEnglund_169-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-AgellEnglund_169-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation journal\">Agell, Jonas; Englund, Peter & Södersten, Jan (December 1996). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20121127123312/http://ntj.tax.org/wwtax/ntjrec.nsf/0/c7b05cd84d78235e85256863004b1f50/$file/v49n4643.pdf\">\"Tax reform of the Century – the Swedish Experiment\"</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span>. <i>National Tax Journal</i>. <b>49</b> (4): 643–664. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://ntj.tax.org/wwtax/ntjrec.nsf/0/c7b05cd84d78235e85256863004b1f50/$file/v49n4643.pdf\">the original</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span> on 27 November 2012.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Tax+Journal&rft.atitle=Tax+reform+of+the+Century+%E2%80%93+the+Swedish+Experiment&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=643-664&rft.date=1996-12&rft.au=Agell%2C+Jonas&rft.au=Englund%2C+Peter&rft.au=S%C3%B6dersten%2C+Jan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fntj.tax.org%2Fwwtax%2Fntjrec.nsf%2F0%2Fc7b05cd84d78235e85256863004b1f50%2F%24file%2Fv49n4643.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-RiksbankHeikensten-170\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-RiksbankHeikensten_170-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-RiksbankHeikensten_170-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.riksbank.se/sv/Press-och-publicerat/Tal/1998/Financial-Crisis----Experiences-from-Sweden/\">\"Financial Crisis – Experiences from Sweden, Lars Heikensten (1998)\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_National_Bank\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Swedish National Bank\">Swedish National Bank</a>. 15 July 1998<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. 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Dual Citizen LLC. 19 October 2014<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">19 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2014+Global+Green+Economy+Index&rft.pub=Dual+Citizen+LLC&rft.date=2014-10-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdualcitizeninc.com%2FGGEI-Report2014.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-imd-174\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-imd_174-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.imd.org/wcc/news-wcy-ranking/\">\"IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook 2013\"</a>. Imd.ch. 30 May 2013<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. 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Retrieved from Internet Archive 13 January 2014.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-SwedenProperty-176\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-SwedenProperty_176-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.swedennews.net/index.php/sid/225058369\">\"Sweden facing possible property bubble warns IMF\"</a>. <i>Sweden News.Net</i>. 24 August 2014<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. 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Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">13 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Sweden+plans+to+be+world%27s+first+oil-free+economy&rft.date=2006-02-08&rft.aulast=Vidal&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Foil%2Fstory%2F0%2C%2C1704954%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-181\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-181\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.svenskenergi.se/Global/Statistik/Aktuellt%20kraftl%C3%A4ge/Aktuellt-Kraftl%C3%A4ge-Sverige-veckorapport.pdf\">\"Kraftläget i Sverige\"</a> [Power situation in Sweden] <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span> (in Swedish). Svenskenergi.se.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kraftl%C3%A4get+i+Sverige&rft.pub=Svenskenergi.se&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.svenskenergi.se%2FGlobal%2FStatistik%2FAktuellt%2520kraftl%25C3%25A4ge%2FAktuellt-Kraftl%25C3%25A4ge-Sverige-veckorapport.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-182\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-182\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\">Kowalski, Oliver. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.ferrylines.com/en/ferries/baltic-sea/\">\"Ferry to Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Poland, Baltic, Russia, Germany\"</a>. <i>www.ferrylines.com</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">28 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ferrylines.com&rft.atitle=Ferry+to+Denmark%2C+Norway%2C+Sweden%2C+Finland%2C+Poland%2C+Baltic%2C+Russia%2C+Germany.&rft.aulast=Kowalski&rft.aufirst=Oliver&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ferrylines.com%2Fen%2Fferries%2Fbaltic-sea%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-183\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-183\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">John Bitton and Nils-Åke Svensson, \"Øresund sett från himlen\" (Oresund seen from the sky), 2005, <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/918530510-3\" title=\"Special:BookSources/918530510-3\">918530510-3</a>, page 38</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-184\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-184\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.snalltaget.se/om-oss/destinationer/berlin\">\"Tåg till Berlin – Berlin Night Express – Nattåg till Berlin InterRail – Snälltåget\"</a> (in Swedish). Snälltåget.se.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=T%C3%A5g+till+Berlin+%E2%80%93+Berlin+Night+Express+%E2%80%93+Natt%C3%A5g+till+Berlin+InterRail+%E2%80%93+Sn%C3%A4llt%C3%A5get&rft.pub=Sn%C3%A4llt%C3%A5get.se&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.snalltaget.se%2Fom-oss%2Fdestinationer%2Fberlin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-185\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-185\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">At <cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.scandlines.se/tider-och-priser/tidtabell.aspx\">\"Archived copy\"</a>. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20161224165755/http://www.scandlines.se/tider-och-priser/tidtabell.aspx\">Archived</a> from the original on 24 December 2016<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">12 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scandlines.se%2Ftider-och-priser%2Ftidtabell.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span> please press \"Tidtabell 2 jan – 31 maj 2015\" (Time table 2. January to 31. May 2015) for PDF download</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-186\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-186\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.destinationgotland.se/Farja/\">\"Boka båtbiljetter till och från Gotland\"</a>. <i>destinationgotland.se</i> (in Swedish).</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=destinationgotland.se&rft.atitle=Boka+b%C3%A5tbiljetter+till+och+fr%C3%A5n+Gotland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.destinationgotland.se%2FFarja%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-187\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-187\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.ventrafiken.se/index.php/en/\">\"Ventrafiken -Upplev sundets pärla\"</a>. <i>ventrafiken.se</i> (in Swedish).</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ventrafiken.se&rft.atitle=Ventrafiken+-Upplev+sundets+p%C3%A4rla&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ventrafiken.se%2Findex.php%2Fen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-188\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-188\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/economics/oecd-factbook_18147364\">\"OECD Factbook 2011–2012 (see Public Finance -> Social Expenditure)\"</a>. OECD Publishing. 2012.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=OECD+Factbook+2011%E2%80%932012+%28see+Public+Finance+-%3E+Social+Expenditure%29&rft.pub=OECD+Publishing&rft.date=2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oecd-ilibrary.org%2Feconomics%2Foecd-factbook_18147364&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-189\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-189\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/economics/oecd-factbook_18147364\">\"OECD Factbook 2011–2012 (see Education -> Education Expenditure)\"</a>. OECD Publishing. 2012.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=OECD+Factbook+2011%E2%80%932012+%28see+Education+-%3E+Education+Expenditure%29&rft.pub=OECD+Publishing&rft.date=2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oecd-ilibrary.org%2Feconomics%2Foecd-factbook_18147364&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-190\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-190\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/economics/oecd-factbook_18147364\">\"OECD Factbook 2011–2012 (see Health -> Health Expenditure)\"</a>. OECD Publishing. 2012.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=OECD+Factbook+2011%E2%80%932012+%28see+Health+-%3E+Health+Expenditure%29&rft.pub=OECD+Publishing&rft.date=2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oecd-ilibrary.org%2Feconomics%2Foecd-factbook_18147364&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-H-J.C-Sweden-191\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-H-J.C-Sweden_191-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Chang, Ha-Joon. <i>Kicking Away The Ladder</i>. pp. 39–42.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kicking+Away+The+Ladder&rft.pages=39-42&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=Ha-Joon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Equal_Societies-192\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-Equal_Societies_192-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\">Wilkinson, Richard; Pickett, Kate (8 March 2009). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.health.gov.au/internet/nhhrc/publishing.nsf/Content/135-interim/$FILE/135%20-%20Submission%20-%20Childrens%20Hospitals%20Australasia%20(Attachment%20C).pdf\">\"The Spirit Level: Why More Equal Societies Almost Always Do Better\"</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span>. <a href=\"/wiki/Department_of_Health_(Australia)\" title=\"Department of Health (Australia)\">Department of Health</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">16 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Spirit+Level%3A+Why+More+Equal+Societies+Almost+Always+Do+Better&rft.pub=Department+of+Health&rft.date=2009-03-08&rft.aulast=Wilkinson&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.au=Pickett%2C+Kate&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.health.gov.au%2Finternet%2Fnhhrc%2Fpublishing.nsf%2FContent%2F135-interim%2F%24FILE%2F135%2520-%2520Submission%2520-%2520Childrens%2520Hospitals%2520Australasia%2520%28Attachment%2520C%29.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-eu-usa-193\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-eu-usa_193-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-eu-usa_193-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.timbro.se/bokhandel/pdf/9175665646.pdf\">EU versus USA</a> <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20161115141716/http://www.timbro.se/bokhandel/pdf/9175665646.pdf\">Archived</a> 15 November 2016 at the <a href=\"/wiki/Wayback_Machine\" title=\"Wayback Machine\">Wayback Machine</a>., Fredrik Bergström & Robert Gidehag</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-growth-Swe-194\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-growth-Swe_194-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.ekonomifakta.se/en/Facts-and-figures/Economy/Economic-growth/GDP-per-capita-/\">\"Sweden's GDP per capita\"</a>. Ekonomifakta.se. 16 September 2014<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">17 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sweden%27s+GDP+per+capita&rft.pub=Ekonomifakta.se&rft.date=2014-09-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ekonomifakta.se%2Fen%2FFacts-and-figures%2FEconomy%2FEconomic-growth%2FGDP-per-capita-%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-195\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-195\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation journal\">Asher, Jana; Osborne Daponte, Beth. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://ww.rrojasdatabank.info/HDRP_2010_40.pdf\">\"A Hypothetical Cohort Model of Human Development\"</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span>. <i>Human Development Research Paper</i>: 41<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">30 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+Development+Research+Paper&rft.atitle=A+Hypothetical+Cohort+Model+of+Human+Development&rft.pages=41&rft.aulast=Asher&rft.aufirst=Jana&rft.au=Osborne+Daponte%2C+Beth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fww.rrojasdatabank.info%2FHDRP_2010_40.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-196\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-196\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Pierre, Jon, ed. (2016). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=hDcICwAAQBAJ&lpg=PP1&pg=PA573#v=onepage&q&f=false\"><i>The Oxford Handbook of Swedish Politics (Oxford Handbooks)</i></a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Oxford_University_Press\" title=\"Oxford University Press\">Oxford University Press</a>. p. 573. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0199665679\" title=\"Special:BookSources/978-0199665679\">978-0199665679</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Handbook+of+Swedish+Politics+%28Oxford+Handbooks%29&rft.pages=573&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-0199665679&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhDcICwAAQBAJ%26lpg%3DPP1%26pg%3DPA573%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-197\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-197\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Springer, Simon; Birch, Kean; MacLeavy, Julie, eds. (2016). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=M5qkDAAAQBAJ&lpg=PP1&pg=PA569#v=onepage&q&f=false\"><i>The Handbook of Neoliberalism</i></a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Routledge\" title=\"Routledge\">Routledge</a>. p. 569. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1138844001\" title=\"Special:BookSources/978-1138844001\">978-1138844001</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Handbook+of+Neoliberalism&rft.pages=569&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1138844001&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DM5qkDAAAQBAJ%26lpg%3DPP1%26pg%3DPA569%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-198\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-198\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.mckinsey.com/mgi/mginews/businessweek/swedenbalance.asp\">\"Sweden's balancing lessons for Europe\"</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">17 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sweden%27s+balancing+lessons+for+Europe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mckinsey.com%2Fmgi%2Fmginews%2Fbusinessweek%2Fswedenbalance.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-199\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-199\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.economist.com/displayStory.cfm?story_id=9803876\">\"Moderate revolution\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Economist\" title=\"The Economist\">The Economist</a></i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">17 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=Moderate+revolution&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2FdisplayStory.cfm%3Fstory_id%3D9803876&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-200\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-200\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/may/23/swedish-riots-stockholm\">\"Swedish riots rage for fourth night\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Guardian\" title=\"The Guardian\">The Guardian</a></i>. 23 May 2013<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">17 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Swedish+riots+rage+for+fourth+night&rft.date=2013-05-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2013%2Fmay%2F23%2Fswedish-riots-stockholm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-201\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-201\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a href=\"/wiki/The_Associated_Press\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"The Associated Press\">The Associated Press</a> (14 September 2014). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20140920215539/http://time.com/3373946/sweden-parliament-election/\">\"Sweden Shifts to Left in Parliamentary Election\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/Time_(magazine)\" title=\"Time (magazine)\">Time</a></i>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://time.com/3373946/sweden-parliament-election/\">the original</a> on 20 September 2014.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Sweden+Shifts+to+Left+in+Parliamentary+Election&rft.date=2014-09-14&rft.au=The+Associated+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2F3373946%2Fsweden-parliament-election%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-202\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-202\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\">Bobic, Igor (13 September 2014). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/09/13/sweden-austerity-election_n_5816010.html\">\"Sweden's Turn Left Could Deal A Blow To European Austerity\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Huffington_Post\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"The Huffington Post\">The Huffington Post</a></i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. 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Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.dn.se/DNet/jsp/polopoly.jsp?d=3130&a=750879\">the original</a> on 14 February 2009<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">11 March</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dagens+Nyheter&rft.atitle=Danmark+har+h%C3%B6gsta+skattetrycket&rft.date=2008-03-11&rft.aulast=Westerlund&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dn.se%2FDNet%2Fjsp%2Fpolopoly.jsp%3Fd%3D3130%26a%3D750879&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-205\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-205\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Yearly averages excluding full-time students working part-time. See Anders Kjellberg <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/ws/files/21676527/Kollektivavtalst_ckning_samt_organisationsgrad_2017_LUP.pdf\"><i>Kollektivavtalens täckningsgrad samt organisationsgraden hos arbetsgivarförbund och fackförbund</i></a>, Department of Sociology, Lund University. Studies in Social Policy, Industrial Relations, Working Life and Mobility. Research Reports 2017:1, Appendix 3 (in English) Table A</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-206\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-206\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Anders Kjellberg and Christian Lyhne Ibsen <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/ws/files/21682547/Kjellberg_og_Ibsen_2016_ur_Due_og_Madsen.pdf\">\"Attacks on union organizing: Reversible and irreversible changes to the Ghent-systems in Sweden and Denmark\"</a> in Trine Pernille Larsen and Anna Ilsøe (eds.)(2016) <i>Den Danske Model set udefra (The Danish Model Inside Out) – komparative perspektiver på dansk arbejdsmarkedsregulering</i>, Copenhagen: Jurist- og Økonomforbundets Forlag (pp.279–302)</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-207\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-207\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.scb.se/en/finding-statistics/statistics-by-subject-area/labour-market/labour-force-surveys/labour-force-surveys-lfs/pong/statistical-news/labour-force-surveys-lfs-may-2017/\">\"Continued increase in the number of employees in the municipal sector\"</a>. <i>Statistics Sweden</i>. 20 June 2017.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Statistics+Sweden&rft.atitle=Continued+increase+in+the+number+of+employees+in+the+municipal+sector&rft.date=2017-06-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scb.se%2Fen%2Ffinding-statistics%2Fstatistics-by-subject-area%2Flabour-market%2Flabour-force-surveys%2Flabour-force-surveys-lfs%2Fpong%2Fstatistical-news%2Flabour-force-surveys-lfs-may-2017%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-208\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-208\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.svd.se/scb-72-procent-ar-arbetslosa\">\"SCB: Arbetslösheten minskar i landet\"</a> (in Swedish). 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Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">8 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sweden%27s+population+hits+9+million&rft.pub=Statistics+Sweden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scb.se%2FPages%2FPressRelease____95792.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-221\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-221\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20120817063555/http://www.scb.se/Pages/PressRelease____338779.aspx\">\"More than 9.5 million inhabitants\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Statistics_Sweden\" title=\"Statistics Sweden\">Statistics Sweden</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.scb.se/Pages/PressRelease____338779.aspx\">the original</a> on 17 August 2012<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">8 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=More+than+9.5+million+inhabitants&rft.pub=Statistics+Sweden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scb.se%2FPages%2FPressRelease____338779.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-222\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-222\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_06_EST_DP2&prodType=table\">\"United States – Selected Social Characteristics: 2006\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau\" title=\"United States Census Bureau\">United States Census Bureau</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">21 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=United+States+%E2%80%93+Selected+Social+Characteristics%3A+2006&rft.pub=United+States+Census+Bureau&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffactfinder2.census.gov%2Ffaces%2Ftableservices%2Fjsf%2Fpages%2Fproductview.xhtml%3Fpid%3DACS_06_EST_DP2%26prodType%3Dtable&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-223\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-223\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/highlights/ethnic/pages/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&Code=01&Data=Count&Table=2&StartRec=1&Sort=3&Display=All&CSDFilter=5000\">\"Ethnocultural Portrait of Canada Highlight Tables, 2006 Census\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Statistics_Canada\" title=\"Statistics Canada\">Statistics Canada</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">30 June</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ethnocultural+Portrait+of+Canada+Highlight+Tables%2C+2006+Census&rft.pub=Statistics+Canada&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww12.statcan.ca%2Fenglish%2Fcensus06%2Fdata%2Fhighlights%2Fethnic%2Fpages%2FPage.cfm%3FLang%3DE%26Geo%3DPR%26Code%3D01%26Data%3DCount%26Table%3D2%26StartRec%3D1%26Sort%3D3%26Display%3DAll%26CSDFilter%3D5000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-224\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-224\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.statistikdatabasen.scb.se/pxweb/en/ssd/?rxid=86abd797-7854-4564-9150-c9b06ae3ab07\">\"Number of persons with foreign or Swedish background (detailed division) by region, age and sex. Year 2016\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/Statistics_Sweden\" title=\"Statistics Sweden\">Statistics Sweden</a></i>. 8 June 2017.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Statistics+Sweden&rft.atitle=Number+of+persons+with+foreign+or+Swedish+background+%28detailed+division%29+by+region%2C+age+and+sex.+Year+2016&rft.date=2017-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statistikdatabasen.scb.se%2Fpxweb%2Fen%2Fssd%2F%3Frxid%3D86abd797-7854-4564-9150-c9b06ae3ab07&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-225\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-225\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.statistikdatabasen.scb.se/pxweb/en/ssd/?rxid=86abd797-7854-4564-9150-c9b06ae3ab07\">\"Statistics Sweden\"</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">7 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Statistics+Sweden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statistikdatabasen.scb.se%2Fpxweb%2Fen%2Fssd%2F%3Frxid%3D86abd797-7854-4564-9150-c9b06ae3ab07&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Finns-226\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-Finns_226-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20100820073639/http://www.scb.se/Pages/PressRelease____255905.aspx\">\"På lördag kan 440 000 flagga blått och vitt\"</a> [On Saturday 440 000 can flag blue and white] (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Statistics_Sweden\" title=\"Statistics Sweden\">Statistics Sweden</a>. 5 December 2008. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.scb.se/Pages/PressRelease____255905.aspx\">the original</a> on 20 August 2010<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">16 June</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=P%C3%A5+l%C3%B6rdag+kan+440+000+flagga+bl%C3%A5tt+och+vitt&rft.pub=Statistics+Sweden&rft.date=2008-12-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scb.se%2FPages%2FPressRelease____255905.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-227\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-227\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://sverigesradio.se/sida/artikel.aspx?programid=3993&artikel=6003931\">\"Hur många språk talas i Sverige?\"</a> [How many languages are spoken in Sweden?] (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Sveriges_Radio\" title=\"Sveriges Radio\">Sveriges Radio</a>. 29 October 2014<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">10 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hur+m%C3%A5nga+spr%C3%A5k+talas+i+Sverige%3F&rft.pub=Sveriges+Radio&rft.date=2014-10-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsverigesradio.se%2Fsida%2Fartikel.aspx%3Fprogramid%3D3993%26artikel%3D6003931&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-228\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-228\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.svt.se/nyheter/sverige/svenskan-blir-inte-officiellt-sprak\">\"Svenskan blir inte officiellt språk\"</a> [Swedish will not become an official language] (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Sveriges_Television\" title=\"Sveriges Television\">Sveriges Television</a>. 7 December 2005<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">9 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Svenskan+blir+inte+officiellt+spr%C3%A5k&rft.pub=Sveriges+Television&rft.date=2005-12-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.svt.se%2Fnyheter%2Fsverige%2Fsvenskan-blir-inte-officiellt-sprak&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-229\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-229\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20131116073533/http://ec.europa.eu/education/languages/pdf/doc631_en.pdf\">\"Oooops... We didn't find the page you are looking for..\"</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span>. <a href=\"/wiki/European_Commission\" title=\"European Commission\">European Commission</a>. 12 March 2012. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://ec.europa.eu/education/languages/pdf/doc631_en.pdf\">the original</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span> on 16 November 2013<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">17 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oooops...+We+didn%27t+find+the+page+you+are+looking+for...&rft.pub=European+Commission&rft.date=2012-03-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Feducation%2Flanguages%2Fpdf%2Fdoc631_en.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-230\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-230\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20060106110733/http://www3.lu.se/info/lum/LUM_07_99/01_engelska.html\">\"English spoken – fast ibland hellre än bra\"</a> (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Lund_University\" title=\"Lund University\">Lund University</a> newsletter 7/1999. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www3.lu.se/info/lum/LUM_07_99/01_engelska.html\">the original</a> on 6 January 2006.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=English+spoken+%E2%80%93+fast+ibland+hellre+%C3%A4n+bra&rft.pub=Lund+University+newsletter+7%2F1999&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww3.lu.se%2Finfo%2Flum%2FLUM_07_99%2F01_engelska.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-svenskakyrkan_1972-2012-231\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-svenskakyrkan_1972-2012_231-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.svenskakyrkan.se/default.aspx?id=1470789\">\"Svenska kyrkans medlemsutveckling år 1972–2012\"</a> [Church of Sweden's membership development in 1972–2015] <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(<a href=\"/wiki/PDF\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"PDF\">PDF</a>)</span> (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Church_of_Sweden\" title=\"Church of Sweden\">Church of Sweden</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">18 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Svenska+kyrkans+medlemsutveckling+%C3%A5r+1972%E2%80%932012&rft.pub=Church+of+Sweden&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.svenskakyrkan.se%2Fdefault.aspx%3Fid%3D1470789&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-svenskakyrkan_2014-232\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-svenskakyrkan_2014_232-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-svenskakyrkan_2014_232-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.svenskakyrkan.se/statistik\">\"Svenska kyrkan i siffror\"</a> [Church of Sweden in figures] (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Church_of_Sweden\" title=\"Church of Sweden\">Church of Sweden</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">17 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Svenska+kyrkan+i+siffror&rft.pub=Church+of+Sweden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.svenskakyrkan.se%2Fstatistik&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-233\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-233\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Gritsch, Eric (2010). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=ApWxByVqe-MC&dq=lutheranism+history+in+sweden&source=gbs_navlinks_s\"><i>A History of Lutheranism</i></a> (2nd ed.). Minneapolis: Fortress Press. p. 351. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781451407754\" title=\"Special:BookSources/9781451407754\">9781451407754</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">20 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Lutheranism&rft.place=Minneapolis&rft.pages=351&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Fortress+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9781451407754&rft.aulast=Gritsch&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DApWxByVqe-MC%26dq%3Dlutheranism%2Bhistory%2Bin%2Bsweden%26source%3Dgbs_navlinks_s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-234\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-234\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.iclrs.org/content/blurb/files/Sweden.1.pdf\">MAARIT JÄNTERÄ-JAREBORG: Religion and the Secular State in Sweden</a> <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20160110072754/http://www.iclrs.org/content/blurb/files/Sweden.1.pdf\">Archived</a> 10 January 2016 at the <a href=\"/wiki/Wayback_Machine\" title=\"Wayback Machine\">Wayback Machine</a>.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-svenskakyrkan.se-235\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-svenskakyrkan.se_235-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.svenskakyrkan.se/default.aspx?di=978164\">\"Stift\"</a> [Diocese] <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span> (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Church_of_Sweden\" title=\"Church of Sweden\">Church of Sweden</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Stift&rft.pub=Church+of+Sweden&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.svenskakyrkan.se%2Fdefault.aspx%3Fdi%3D978164&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span><sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template\"><span style=\"white-space: nowrap;\">[<i><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot\" title=\"Wikipedia:Link rot\"><span title=\" Dead link since November 2017\">permanent dead link</span></a></i>]</span></sup></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-thelocal1-236\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-thelocal1_236-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20100802045112/http://www.thelocal.se/26878/20100527/\">\"Swedes depart church in droves\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Local\" title=\"The Local\">The Local</a></i>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.thelocal.se/26878/20100527/\">the original</a> on 2 August 2010.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Local&rft.atitle=Swedes+depart+church+in+droves&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thelocal.se%2F26878%2F20100527%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-237\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-237\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20070930212556/http://www.svenskakyrkan.se/statistik/xls/medlem_diagram.xls\">\"Medlemmar 1972–2006\"</a> [Members 1972–2006] (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Church_of_Sweden\" title=\"Church of Sweden\">Church of Sweden</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.svenskakyrkan.se/statistik/xls/medlem_diagram.xls\">the original</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(xls)</span> on 30 September 2007.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Medlemmar+1972%E2%80%932006&rft.pub=Church+of+Sweden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.svenskakyrkan.se%2Fstatistik%2Fxls%2Fmedlem_diagram.xls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-238\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-238\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20100422193814/http://www.svenskakyrkan.se/SVK/eng/liturgy.htm\">\"Liturgy and Worship\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Church_of_Sweden\" title=\"Church of Sweden\">Church of Sweden</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.svenskakyrkan.se/SVK/eng/liturgy.htm\">the original</a> on 22 April 2010.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Liturgy+and+Worship&rft.pub=Church+of+Sweden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.svenskakyrkan.se%2FSVK%2Feng%2Fliturgy.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-239\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-239\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a href=\"https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frikyrka\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"sv:Frikyrka\">Statistics about free churches and immigration churches from Swedish Wikipedia – in Swedish</a></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-240\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-240\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/238650.pdf\">International Religious Freedom Report 2014 : Sweden</a>, U.S. Department Of State.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-241\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-241\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\">Magnusson, Erik; Lönnaeus, Olle; Orrenius, Niklas (8 February 2006). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20120113112554/http://www.sydsvenskan.se/sverige/article140868.ece\">\"Djup splittring bland Malmös muslimer\"</a> [Deep splits among Malmö's Muslims]. <i><a href=\"/wiki/Sydsvenska_Dagbladet\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Sydsvenska Dagbladet\">Sydsvenska Dagbladet</a></i> (in Swedish). Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://sydsvenskan.se/sverige/article140868.ece\">the original</a> on 13 January 2012<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">25 August</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sydsvenska+Dagbladet&rft.atitle=Djup+splittring+bland+Malm%C3%B6s+muslimer&rft.date=2006-02-08&rft.aulast=Magnusson&rft.aufirst=Erik&rft.au=L%C3%B6nnaeus%2C+Olle&rft.au=Orrenius%2C+Niklas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsydsvenskan.se%2Fsverige%2Farticle140868.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-242\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-242\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.sst.a.se/statistik.4.7501238311cc6f12fa580005236.html\">\"Statistik\"</a> [Statistics] (in Swedish). Swedish Commission for Government Support to Faith Communities. 2010<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">4 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Statistik&rft.pub=Swedish+Commission+for+Government+Support+to+Faith+Communities&rft.date=2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sst.a.se%2Fstatistik.4.7501238311cc6f12fa580005236.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-243\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-243\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\">Gardell, Mattias (May 2010). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20100813171738/http://www.arvsfonden.se/upload/utvarderingar/Islam%20och%20muslimer%20i%20Sverige%20Mattias%20Gardell.pdf\">\"Islam och muslimer i Sverige\"</a> [Islam and Muslims in Sweden] <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span> (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Inheritance_Fund_(Sweden)\" title=\"Inheritance Fund (Sweden)\">Inheritance Fund</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.arvsfonden.se/upload/utvarderingar/Islam%20och%20muslimer%20i%20Sverige%20Mattias%20Gardell.pdf\">the original</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span> on 13 August 2010<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">4 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Islam+och+muslimer+i+Sverige&rft.pub=Inheritance+Fund&rft.date=2010-05&rft.aulast=Gardell&rft.aufirst=Mattias&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arvsfonden.se%2Fupload%2Futvarderingar%2FIslam%2520och%2520muslimer%2520i%2520Sverige%2520Mattias%2520Gardell.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Special_Eurobarometer_393-244\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-Special_Eurobarometer_393_244-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20101215001129/http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_341_en.pdf\">\"Biotechnology report 2010\"</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span>. <a href=\"/wiki/Eurobarometer\" title=\"Eurobarometer\">Eurobarometer</a>. 2010. p. 381. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_341_en.pdf\">the original</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span> on 15 December 2010.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Biotechnology+report+2010&rft.pages=381&rft.pub=Eurobarometer&rft.date=2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fec.europa.eu%2Fpublic_opinion%2Farchives%2Febs%2Febs_341_en.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span><sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact\" style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">[<i><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Wikipedia:NOTRS\"><span title=\"This claim needs references to better sources. (January 2014)\">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-245\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-245\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\">Håkansson, August (30 October 2015). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.thelocal.se/20151030/belief-in-ghosts-rises-in-secular-sweden\">\"Belief in ghosts rises across secular Sweden\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Local\" title=\"The Local\">The Local</a></i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">17 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Local&rft.atitle=Belief+in+ghosts+rises+across+secular+Sweden&rft.date=2015-10-30&rft.aulast=H%C3%A5kansson&rft.aufirst=August&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thelocal.se%2F20151030%2Fbelief-in-ghosts-rises-in-secular-sweden&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-246\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-246\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.vof.se/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/VoF-Undersökningen-2015.pdf\">\"VoF-Undersökningen 2015\"</a> [VoF survey of 2015] <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span> (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/F%C3%B6reningen_Vetenskap_och_Folkbildning\" title=\"Föreningen Vetenskap och Folkbildning\">Föreningen Vetenskap och Folkbildning</a>. 2015<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">17 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=VoF-Unders%C3%B6kningen+2015&rft.pub=F%C3%B6reningen+Vetenskap+och+Folkbildning&rft.date=2015&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vof.se%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2015%2F10%2FVoF-Unders%C3%B6kningen-2015.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Peter_Steinfels-247\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-Peter_Steinfels_247-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\">Steinfels, Peter (2009). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/28/us/28beliefs.html?pagewanted=1\">\"Scandinavian Nonbelievers, Which Is Not to Say Atheists\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_New_York_Times\" title=\"The New York Times\">The New York Times</a></i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">31 December</span> 2007</span>. <q>Mr. Zuckerman, a sociologist who teaches at Pitzer College in Claremont, Calif., has reported his findings on religion in Denmark and Sweden in \"Society Without God\" (New York University Press, 2008). Much that he found will surprise many people, as it did him. The many nonbelievers he interviewed, both informally and in structured, taped and transcribed sessions, were anything but antireligious, for example. They typically balked at the label \"atheist.\" An overwhelming majority had in fact been baptized, and many had been confirmed or married in church. Though they denied most of the traditional teachings of Christianity, they called themselves Christians, and most were content to remain in the Danish National Church or the Church of Sweden, the traditional national branches of Lutheranism.</q></cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Scandinavian+Nonbelievers%2C+Which+Is+Not+to+Say+Atheists&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Steinfels&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2009%2F02%2F28%2Fus%2F28beliefs.html%3Fpagewanted%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-David_Herbert-248\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-David_Herbert_248-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-David_Herbert_248-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Herbert, David (2003). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=9IuL2MEr_EoC&pg=PA13\"><i>Religion and civil society: rethinking public religion in the contemporary world</i></a>. Ashgate Publishing. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-1339-8\" title=\"Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-1339-8\">978-0-7546-1339-8</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">31 December</span> 2007</span>. <q>More than 80 percent of adults continue to choose to belong to the Lutheran Church in spite of its recent disestablishment and the cost of having to pay the church tax. Rates of baptism remain high and church weddings are increasing. In Sweden, religion appreats to play a continuing role in cultural identity, in locating the individual to tradition.</q></cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religion+and+civil+society%3A+rethinking+public+religion+in+the+contemporary+world&rft.pub=Ashgate+Publishing&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-7546-1339-8&rft.aulast=Herbert&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9IuL2MEr_EoC%26pg%3DPA13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-249\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-249\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20160310044504/https://www.svenskakyrkan.se/default.aspx?id=780505&ptid=48063\">\"Svenska kyrkans medlemsutveckling år 1972–2012\"</a> [Church of Sweden's membership development in 1972–2012] (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Church_of_Sweden\" title=\"Church of Sweden\">Church of Sweden</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.svenskakyrkan.se/default.aspx?id=780505&ptid=48063\">the original</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span> on 10 March 2016.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Svenska+kyrkans+medlemsutveckling+%C3%A5r+1972%E2%80%932012&rft.pub=Church+of+Sweden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.svenskakyrkan.se%2Fdefault.aspx%3Fid%3D780505%26ptid%3D48063&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-250\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-250\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/42/8/39700724.pdf\">\"PISA results for Sweden\"</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span>. <a href=\"/wiki/Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development\">OECD</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">25 August</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PISA+results+for+Sweden&rft.pub=OECD&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oecd.org%2Fdataoecd%2F42%2F8%2F39700724.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-swedishmodeleconomist-251\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-swedishmodeleconomist_251-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.economist.com/business/displaystory.cfm?story_id=11535645\">\"The Swedish model\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Economist\" title=\"The Economist\">The Economist</a></i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">17 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=The+Swedish+model&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fbusiness%2Fdisplaystory.cfm%3Fstory_id%3D11535645&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-252\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-252\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20130301002902/http://www.childrensfoodtrust.org.uk/assets/research-reports/school_food_in18countries.pdf\">\"The provision of school food in 18 countries\"</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span>. <a href=\"/wiki/Children%27s_Food_Trust\" title=\"Children's Food Trust\">Children's Food Trust</a>. July 2008. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.childrensfoodtrust.org.uk/assets/research-reports/school_food_in18countries.pdf\">the original</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span> on 1 March 2013<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">9 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+provision+of+school+food+in+18+countries&rft.pub=Children%27s+Food+Trust&rft.date=2008-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.childrensfoodtrust.org.uk%2Fassets%2Fresearch-reports%2Fschool_food_in18countries.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-253\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-253\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/edu_edu_att_ter-education-educational-attainment-tertiary\">\"Tertiary > Educational Attainment statistics – countries compared\"</a>. NationMaster.com<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">17 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tertiary+%3E+Educational+Attainment+statistics+%E2%80%93+countries+compared&rft.pub=NationMaster.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationmaster.com%2Fgraph%2Fedu_edu_att_ter-education-educational-attainment-tertiary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-254\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-254\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20100628053602/http://www.studyinsweden.se/Home/News-archive/2010/Tuition-fees-from-2011/\">\"Sweden introduces tuition fees and offers scholarships for students from outside EU\"</a>. Studyinsweden.se. 21 April 2010. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.studyinsweden.se/Home/News-archive/2010/Tuition-fees-from-2011/\">the original</a> on 28 June 2010<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">3 August</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sweden+introduces+tuition+fees+and+offers+scholarships+for+students+from+outside+EU&rft.pub=Studyinsweden.se&rft.date=2010-04-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.studyinsweden.se%2FHome%2FNews-archive%2F2010%2FTuition-fees-from-2011%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-255\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-255\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/immigrant-children-in-sweden-blamed-for-countrys-poor-test-scores-a6934111.html\">\"Immigrant children in Sweden blamed for country's poor test scores\"</a>. 16 March 2016.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Immigrant+children+in+Sweden+blamed+for+country%27s+poor+test+scores&rft.date=2016-03-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fimmigrant-children-in-sweden-blamed-for-countrys-poor-test-scores-a6934111.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-256\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-256\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://blogs.spectator.co.uk/2015/08/immigration-helps-explain-swedens-school-trouble/\">\"Immigration helps explain Sweden's school trouble\"</a>. 10 August 2015.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Immigration+helps+explain+Sweden%E2%80%99s+school+trouble&rft.date=2015-08-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.spectator.co.uk%2F2015%2F08%2Fimmigration-helps-explain-swedens-school-trouble%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-257\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-257\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/education/2016/06/why-sweden-s-free-schools-are-failing\">\"Why Sweden's free schools are failing\"</a>. 16 June 2016.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Why+Sweden%E2%80%99s+free+schools+are+failing&rft.date=2016-06-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newstatesman.com%2Fpolitics%2Feducation%2F2016%2F06%2Fwhy-sweden-s-free-schools-are-failing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-258\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-258\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.dagenssamhalle.se/kronika/invandring-saeker-faktor-bakom-pisa-tappet-22744\">\"Invandring säker faktor bakom Pisa-tappet\"</a>. 23 February 2016.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Invandring+s%C3%A4ker+faktor+bakom+Pisa-tappet&rft.date=2016-02-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dagenssamhalle.se%2Fkronika%2Finvandring-saeker-faktor-bakom-pisa-tappet-22744&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-259\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-259\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.ekonomifakta.se/Fakta/Offentlig-ekonomi/Offentlig-sektor/Offentliga-sektorns-utgifter/?graph=/10870/all/all/\">\"Offentliga sektorns utgifter\"</a>. 22 August 2017.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Offentliga+sektorns+utgifter&rft.date=2017-08-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ekonomifakta.se%2FFakta%2FOffentlig-ekonomi%2FOffentlig-sektor%2FOffentliga-sektorns-utgifter%2F%3Fgraph%3D%2F10870%2Fall%2Fall%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-260\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-260\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.mynewsdesk.com/se/spf-seniorerna/pressreleases/nya-eurostat-siffror-svenska-pensioner-klart-saemre-aen-nordiska-grannlaenderna-2129094\">\"Nya Eurostat-siffror: svenska pensioner klart sämre än nordiska grannländerna\"</a>. 31 August 2017.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Nya+Eurostat-siffror%3A+svenska+pensioner+klart+s%C3%A4mre+%C3%A4n+nordiska+grannl%C3%A4nderna&rft.date=2017-08-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mynewsdesk.com%2Fse%2Fspf-seniorerna%2Fpressreleases%2Fnya-eurostat-siffror-svenska-pensioner-klart-saemre-aen-nordiska-grannlaenderna-2129094&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-261\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-261\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.expressen.se/dinapengar/355-000-lever-under-gransen-for-fattigdom/\">\"355 000 lever under gränsen för fattigdom\"</a>. 4 July 2017.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=355+000+lever+under+gr%C3%A4nsen+f%C3%B6r+fattigdom&rft.date=2017-07-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.expressen.se%2Fdinapengar%2F355-000-lever-under-gransen-for-fattigdom%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-262\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-262\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.economist.com/news/special-report/21570836-immigration-and-growing-inequality-are-making-nordics-less-homogeneous-ins-and\">\"Immigrants: The ins and the outs\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Economist\" title=\"The Economist\">The Economist</a></i>. 2 February 2013<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">10 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=Immigrants%3A+The+ins+and+the+outs&rft.date=2013-02-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fnews%2Fspecial-report%2F21570836-immigration-and-growing-inequality-are-making-nordics-less-homogeneous-ins-and&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-263\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-263\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.statistikdatabasen.scb.se/pxweb/en/ssd/START__BE__BE0101__BE0101Q/UtlSvBakgGrov/table/tableViewLayout1/?rxid=86abd797-7854-4564-9150-c9b06ae3ab07\">\"http://www.statistikdatabasen.scb.se/pxweb/en/ssd/START__BE__BE0101__BE0101Q/UtlSvBakgGrov/table/tableViewLayout1/?rxid=86abd797-7854-4564-9150-c9b06ae3ab07\"</a>. <i>www.statistikdatabasen.scb.se</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">15 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.statistikdatabasen.scb.se&rft.atitle=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statistikdatabasen.scb.se%2Fpxweb%2Fen%2Fssd%2FSTART__BE__BE0101__BE0101Q%2FUtlSvBakgGrov%2Ftable%2FtableViewLayout1%2F%3Frxid%3D86abd797-7854-4564-9150-c9b06ae3ab07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statistikdatabasen.scb.se%2Fpxweb%2Fen%2Fssd%2FSTART__BE__BE0101__BE0101Q%2FUtlSvBakgGrov%2Ftable%2FtableViewLayout1%2F%3Frxid%3D86abd797-7854-4564-9150-c9b06ae3ab07&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span> <span style=\"font-size:100%\" class=\"error citation-comment\">External link in <code style=\"color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;\">|title=</code> (<a href=\"/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#param_has_ext_link\" title=\"Help:CS1 errors\">help</a>)</span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-statistikdatabasen.scb.se-264\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-statistikdatabasen.scb.se_264-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-statistikdatabasen.scb.se_264-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.statistikdatabasen.scb.se/pxweb/en/ssd/START__BE__BE0101__BE0101Q/UtlSvBakgFin/table/tableViewLayout1/?rxid=86abd797-7854-4564-9150-c9b06ae3ab07c9b06ae3ab07\">\"http://www.statistikdatabasen.scb.se/pxweb/en/ssd/START__BE__BE0101__BE0101Q/UtlSvBakgFin/table/tableViewLayout1/?rxid=86abd797-7854-4564-9150-c9b06ae3ab07c9b06ae3ab07\"</a>. <i>www.statistikdatabasen.scb.se</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">15 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.statistikdatabasen.scb.se&rft.atitle=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statistikdatabasen.scb.se%2Fpxweb%2Fen%2Fssd%2FSTART__BE__BE0101__BE0101Q%2FUtlSvBakgFin%2Ftable%2FtableViewLayout1%2F%3Frxid%3D86abd797-7854-4564-9150-c9b06ae3ab07c9b06ae3ab07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statistikdatabasen.scb.se%2Fpxweb%2Fen%2Fssd%2FSTART__BE__BE0101__BE0101Q%2FUtlSvBakgFin%2Ftable%2FtableViewLayout1%2F%3Frxid%3D86abd797-7854-4564-9150-c9b06ae3ab07c9b06ae3ab07&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span> <span style=\"font-size:100%\" class=\"error citation-comment\">External link in <code style=\"color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;\">|title=</code> (<a href=\"/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#param_has_ext_link\" title=\"Help:CS1 errors\">help</a>)</span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-265\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-265\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20110721012211/http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_OFFPUB/KS-SF-11-034/EN/KS-SF-11-034-EN.PDF\">\"6.5% of the EU population are foreigners and 9.4% are born abroad\"</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span>. <a href=\"/wiki/Eurostat\" title=\"Eurostat\">Eurostat</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_OFFPUB/KS-SF-11-034/EN/KS-SF-11-034-EN.PDF\">the original</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span> on 21 July 2011.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=6.5%25+of+the+EU+population+are+foreigners+and+9.4%25+are+born+abroad&rft.pub=Eurostat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fepp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu%2Fcache%2FITY_OFFPUB%2FKS-SF-11-034%2FEN%2FKS-SF-11-034-EN.PDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-scb%252Ese-266\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-scb%2Ese_266-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-scb%2Ese_266-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20110812141807/http://www.scb.se/Pages/PublishingCalendarViewInfo____259923.aspx?PublObjId=11400\">\"Tabeller över Sveriges befolkning 2009\"</a> [Tables of Sweden's population in 2009] (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Statistics_Sweden\" title=\"Statistics Sweden\">Statistics Sweden</a>. 24 January 2009. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.scb.se/Pages/PublishingCalendarViewInfo____259923.aspx?PublObjId=11400\">the original</a> on 12 August 2011<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">1 September</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tabeller+%C3%B6ver+Sveriges+befolkning+2009&rft.pub=Statistics+Sweden&rft.date=2009-01-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scb.se%2FPages%2FPublishingCalendarViewInfo____259923.aspx%3FPublObjId%3D11400&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-267\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-267\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20131023101214/http://www.scb.se/Pages/TableAndChart____26046.aspx\">\"Befolkningsutveckling; födda, döda, in- och utvandring, gifta, skilda 1749–2007\"</a> [Population Development; births, deaths, immigration and emigration, married, divorced 1749–2007] (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Statistics_Sweden\" title=\"Statistics Sweden\">Statistics Sweden</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.scb.se/Pages/TableAndChart____26046.aspx\">the original</a> on 23 October 2013.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Befolkningsutveckling%3B+f%C3%B6dda%2C+d%C3%B6da%2C+in-+och+utvandring%2C+gifta%2C+skilda+1749%E2%80%932007&rft.pub=Statistics+Sweden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scb.se%2FPages%2FTableAndChart____26046.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-MPI-268\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-MPI_268-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.migrationinformation.org/usfocus/display.cfm?ID=406\">\"Sweden: Restrictive Immigration Policy and Multiculturalism, Migration Policy Institute, 2006\"</a>. Migrationinformation.org.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sweden%3A+Restrictive+Immigration+Policy+and+Multiculturalism%2C+Migration+Policy+Institute%2C+2006&rft.pub=Migrationinformation.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.migrationinformation.org%2Fusfocus%2Fdisplay.cfm%3FID%3D406&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-mig2013-269\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">^ <a href=\"#cite_ref-mig2013_269-0\"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-mig2013_269-1\"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20140820093136/http://www.migrationsverket.se/Om-Migrationsverket/Nyhetsarkiv/Nyhetsarkiv-2014/2014-01-02-67-procent-fler-fick-skydd-jamfort-med-2012.html\">\"67 procent fler fick skydd jämfört med 2012\"</a> [67 percent more received protection compared to 2012] (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Migration_Agency\" title=\"Swedish Migration Agency\">Swedish Migration Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.migrationsverket.se/Om-Migrationsverket/Nyhetsarkiv/Nyhetsarkiv-2014/2014-01-02-67-procent-fler-fick-skydd-jamfort-med-2012.html\">the original</a> on 20 August 2014<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">17 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=67+procent+fler+fick+skydd+j%C3%A4mf%C3%B6rt+med+2012&rft.pub=Swedish+Migration+Agency&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.migrationsverket.se%2FOm-Migrationsverket%2FNyhetsarkiv%2FNyhetsarkiv-2014%2F2014-01-02-67-procent-fler-fick-skydd-jamfort-med-2012.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-270\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-270\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.scb.se/hitta-statistik/statistik-efter-amne/befolkning/befolkningens-sammansattning/befolkningsstatistik/pong/tabell-och-diagram/helarsstatistik--riket/folkmangd-efter-fodelseland/\">\"Folkmängd efter födelseland 1900–2016\"</a> [Population by birth country 1900–2016] (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Statistics_Sweden\" title=\"Statistics Sweden\">Statistics Sweden</a>. 31 December 2017<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">16 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Folkm%C3%A4ngd+efter+f%C3%B6delseland+1900%E2%80%932016&rft.pub=Statistics+Sweden&rft.date=2017-12-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scb.se%2Fhitta-statistik%2Fstatistik-efter-amne%2Fbefolkning%2Fbefolkningens-sammansattning%2Fbefolkningsstatistik%2Fpong%2Ftabell-och-diagram%2Fhelarsstatistik--riket%2Ffolkmangd-efter-fodelseland%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-DI_Pensions-271\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-DI_Pensions_271-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.di.se/nyheter/migrationen-kan-fordubbla-statens-kostnader-for-pensionarer/\">\"Migrationen kan fördubbla statens kostnader för pensionärer\"</a>. 17 October 2017.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Migrationen+kan+f%C3%B6rdubbla+statens+kostnader+f%C3%B6r+pension%C3%A4rer&rft.date=2017-10-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.di.se%2Fnyheter%2Fmigrationen-kan-fordubbla-statens-kostnader-for-pensionarer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Pensions_Agency_Report-272\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-Pensions_Agency_Report_272-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.pensionsmyndigheten.se/nyheter-och-press/pressrum/pensionsmyndigheten-svarar-pa-regeringsuppdrag-om-migration\">\"Pensionsmyndigheten svarar på regeringsuppdrag om migration\"</a>. 13 October 2017.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Pensionsmyndigheten+svarar+p%C3%A5+regeringsuppdrag+om+migration&rft.date=2017-10-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pensionsmyndigheten.se%2Fnyheter-och-press%2Fpressrum%2Fpensionsmyndigheten-svarar-pa-regeringsuppdrag-om-migration&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-SCS2014-273\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-SCS2014_273-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.bra.se/download/18.9eaaede145606cc86546f/1398774378897/2014_Swedish_Crime_Survey_2013.pdf\">\"The Swedish Crime Survey 2013 - English summary of Brå report 2014:1\"</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span>. The <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_National_Council_for_Crime_Prevention\" title=\"Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention\">Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention</a>. pp. 5, 7<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">15 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Swedish+Crime+Survey+2013+-+English+summary+of+Br%C3%A5+report+2014%3A1&rft.pages=5%2C+7&rft.pub=The+Swedish+National+Council+for+Crime+Prevention&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bra.se%2Fdownload%2F18.9eaaede145606cc86546f%2F1398774378897%2F2014_Swedish_Crime_Survey_2013.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-SCS2016-274\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-SCS2016_274-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.bra.se/bra/bra-in-english/home/publications/archive/publications/2017-02-15-swedish-crime-survey-2016.html\">\"The Swedish Crime Survey 2016 - English summary of the Brå report 2016\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_National_Council_for_Crime_Prevention\" title=\"Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention\">Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention</a>. pp. 5–7<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">2 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Swedish+Crime+Survey+2016+-+English+summary+of+the+Br%C3%A5+report+2016&rft.pages=5-7&rft.pub=Swedish+National+Council+for+Crime+Prevention&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bra.se%2Fbra%2Fbra-in-english%2Fhome%2Fpublications%2Farchive%2Fpublications%2F2017-02-15-swedish-crime-survey-2016.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-facts-275\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-facts_275-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.government.se/articles/2017/02/facts-about-migration-and-crime-in-sweden/\">Facts about migration and crime in Sweden</a></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-276\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-276\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.thelocal.se/20170112/swedens-2016-crime-stats-analyzed\">\"Here are Sweden's crime stats for 2016\"</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">6 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Here+are+Sweden%27s+crime+stats+for+2016&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thelocal.se%2F20170112%2Fswedens-2016-crime-stats-analyzed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-277\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-277\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://archive.is/20170221212501/https://www.bra.se/bra/brott-och-statistik/valdtakt-och-sexualbrott.html\">\"Rape & Sexual Offences\"</a>. <i>bra.se</i>. 16 January 2017. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.bra.se/bra/brott-och-statistik/valdtakt-och-sexualbrott.html\">the original</a> on 21 February 2017<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">17 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bra.se&rft.atitle=Rape+%26+Sexual+Offences&rft.date=2017-01-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bra.se%2Fbra%2Fbrott-och-statistik%2Fvaldtakt-och-sexualbrott.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-278\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-278\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.brottsrummet.se/sv/sexualbrott\">\"Sexual Offences\"</a>. <i>Brottsrummet</i>. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://archive.is/20170317143743/http://www.brottsrummet.se/sv/sexualbrott\">Archived</a> from the original on 17 March 2017<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">17 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Brottsrummet&rft.atitle=Sexual+Offences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brottsrummet.se%2Fsv%2Fsexualbrott&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-279\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-279\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.bra.se/download/18.1ff479c3135e8540b29800013251/1338449406369/Sammanfattning_lagforda_2011.pdf\">\"Personer lagförda för brott\"</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span> (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Br%C3%A5\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Brå\">Brå</a>. p. 5<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">15 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Personer+lagf%C3%B6rda+f%C3%B6r+brott&rft.pages=5&rft.pub=Br%C3%A5&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bra.se%2Fdownload%2F18.1ff479c3135e8540b29800013251%2F1338449406369%2FSammanfattning_lagforda_2011.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-crime-trend-stats-1-280\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-crime-trend-stats-1_280-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.bra.se/download/18.cba82f7130f475a2f180006972/2008_23_brottsuvecklingen.pdf\">\"Rapport 2008:23 - Brottsutvecklingen i sverige fram till år 2007\"</a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span> (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Br%C3%A5\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Brå\">Brå</a>. pp. 38, 41<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">15 July</span> 2014</span>. <q>I Sverige har den registrerade brottsligheten precis som i övriga västvärlden ökat kraftigt under efterkrigstiden. [...] Vid mitten av 1960-talet införde Polisen nya rutiner av statistikföring en vilket har framförts som en delförklaring till den kraftiga ökningen, i synnerhet i början av denna period (Brå 2004). [...] Detta beror sannolikt främst på att toleransen mot vålds- och sexualbrott har minskat i samhället. Att man i samhället tar våld på större allvar demonstreras inte minst genom att synen på olika våldshandlingar skärpts i lagstiftningen (ibid. samt kapitlet Sexualbrott)</q></cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rapport+2008%3A23+-+Brottsutvecklingen+i+sverige+fram+till+%C3%A5r+2007&rft.pages=38%2C+41&rft.pub=Br%C3%A5&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bra.se%2Fdownload%2F18.cba82f7130f475a2f180006972%2F2008_23_brottsuvecklingen.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-281\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-281\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20100917004928/http://www.sweden.se/eng/Home/Lifestyle/Reading/The-Swedish-myths-True-false-or-somewhere-in-between/\">\"The Swedish Myths: True, False, or Somewhere In Between?\"</a>. Sweden.se. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.sweden.se/eng/Home/Lifestyle/Reading/The-Swedish-myths-True-false-or-somewhere-in-between/\">the original</a> on 17 September 2010<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">27 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Swedish+Myths%3A+True%2C+False%2C+or+Somewhere+In+Between%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sweden.se%2Feng%2FHome%2FLifestyle%2FReading%2FThe-Swedish-myths-True-false-or-somewhere-in-between%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-282\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-282\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation journal\">Marklund, Carl (2009). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/nordeuropaforum/2009-1/marklund-carl-83/XML/\">\"Hot Love and Cold People. Sexual Liberalism as Political Escapism in Radical Sweden\"</a>. <i>NORDEUROPAforum</i>. <b>19</b> (1): 83–101.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NORDEUROPAforum&rft.atitle=Hot+Love+and+Cold+People.+Sexual+Liberalism+as+Political+Escapism+in+Radical+Sweden&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=83-101&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Marklund&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedoc.hu-berlin.de%2Fnordeuropaforum%2F2009-1%2Fmarklund-carl-83%2FXML%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-283\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-283\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation news\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20090410151816/http://www.thelocal.se/18608/20090402/\">\"Sweden passes new gay marriage law\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Local\" title=\"The Local\">The Local</a></i>. 2 April 2009. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.thelocal.se/18608/20090402/\">the original</a> on 10 April 2009<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">5 May</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Local&rft.atitle=Sweden+passes+new+gay+marriage+law&rft.date=2009-04-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thelocal.se%2F18608%2F20090402%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-284\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-284\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20090730195209/http://www.scb.se/Pages/TableAndChart____231102.aspx\">\"Babyboom i Sverige?\"</a> (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Statistics_Sweden\" title=\"Statistics Sweden\">Statistics Sweden</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.scb.se/Pages/TableAndChart____231102.aspx\">the original</a> on 30 July 2009<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">5 May</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Babyboom+i+Sverige%3F&rft.pub=Statistics+Sweden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scb.se%2FPages%2FTableAndChart____231102.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-285\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-285\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Durant, Colin (2003). <i>Choral Conducting: philosophy and practice</i>. Routledge. pp. 46–47. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-94356-6\" title=\"Special:BookSources/0-415-94356-6\">0-415-94356-6</a>. <q>Sweden has a strong and enviable choral singing tradition. [..] All those interviewed placed great emphasis on the social identification through singing and also referred to the importance of Swedish folk song in the maintenance of the choral singing tradition and national identity.</q></cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Choral+Conducting%3A+philosophy+and+practice&rft.pages=46-47&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-415-94356-6&rft.aulast=Durant&rft.aufirst=Colin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-export_music-286\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-export_music_286-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20080615001724/http://www.swedenabroad.com/Page____59218.aspx\">\"Consulate General of Sweden Los Angeles – Export Music Sweden at MuseExpo\"</a>. Swedenabroad.com. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.swedenabroad.com/Page____59218.aspx\">the original</a> on 15 June 2008<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">6 May</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Consulate+General+of+Sweden+Los+Angeles+%E2%80%93+Export+Music+Sweden+at+MuseExpo&rft.pub=Swedenabroad.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.swedenabroad.com%2FPage____59218.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-autogenerated1-287\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-autogenerated1_287-0\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.webcitation.org/65MvZYlA4?url=http://casgroup.fiu.edu/pages/docs/551/1264626358_Interesting_Facts_about_EU_Countries.pdf\">Interesting facts about EU countries</a>. casgroup.fiu.edu</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-288\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-288\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20131217224031/http://www.svtplay.se/video/1628310/del-16-av-16\">\"Del 16 av 16\"</a> [Part 16 of 16]. <i><a href=\"/wiki/Agenda_(Swedish_TV_program)\" title=\"Agenda (Swedish TV program)\">Agenda</a></i> (in Swedish). <a href=\"/wiki/Sveriges_Television\" title=\"Sveriges Television\">Sveriges Television</a>. 15 December 2013. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.svtplay.se/video/1628310/del-16-av-16\">the original</a> on 17 December 2013<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">17 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Agenda&rft.atitle=Del+16+av+16&rft.date=2013-12-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.svtplay.se%2Fvideo%2F1628310%2Fdel-16-av-16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span> at 19:45, citing the <a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Agency_for_Economic_and_Regional_Growth\" title=\"Swedish Agency for Economic and Regional Growth\">Swedish Agency for Economic and Regional Growth</a>.</span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-289\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-289\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20080623003444/http://www.visarkiv.se/en/jazz/index.htm\">\"Lars Westin: Jazz in Sweden – an overview\"</a>. Visarkiv.se. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.visarkiv.se/en/jazz/index.htm\">the original</a> on 23 June 2008<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">25 August</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lars+Westin%3A+Jazz+in+Sweden+%E2%80%93+an+overview&rft.pub=Visarkiv.se&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.visarkiv.se%2Fen%2Fjazz%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-290\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-290\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation book\">Olson, Kenneth E. (1966). <i>The history makers;: The press of Europe from its beginnings through 1965</i>. LSU Press. pp. 33–49.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+history+makers%3B%3A+The+press+of+Europe+from+its+beginnings+through+1965&rft.pages=33-49&rft.pub=LSU+Press&rft.date=1966&rft.aulast=Olson&rft.aufirst=Kenneth+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-291\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-291\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.abebooks.com/blog/index.php/2009/01/15/bestselling-fiction-authors-in-the-world-for-2008/\">\"Bestselling fiction authors in the world for 2008\"</a>. Abebooks.com.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bestselling+fiction+authors+in+the+world+for+2008&rft.pub=Abebooks.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abebooks.com%2Fblog%2Findex.php%2F2009%2F01%2F15%2Fbestselling-fiction-authors-in-the-world-for-2008%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-292\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-292\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\">Thorpe, Vanessa. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/books/2009/jul/26/stieg-larsson-thriller-novels-sweden\">\"Poisoned Legacy Left By The King Of Thrillers\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_Guardian\" title=\"The Guardian\">The Guardian</a></i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">17 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Poisoned+Legacy+Left+By+The+King+Of+Thrillers&rft.aulast=Thorpe&rft.aufirst=Vanessa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2009%2Fjul%2F26%2Fstieg-larsson-thriller-novels-sweden&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-293\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a href=\"#cite_ref-293\">^</a></b></span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web\">Goenka, Varun (17 May 2016). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://pokerfed.org/2016/05/17/sweden-becomes-member-ifp-family/\">\"Sweden Becomes a Member of the IFP Family\"</a>. <i>International Federation of Poker</i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">4 July</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Federation+of+Poker&rft.atitle=Sweden+Becomes+a+Member+of+the+IFP+Family&rft.date=2016-05-17&rft.aulast=Goenka&rft.aufirst=Varun&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpokerfed.org%2F2016%2F05%2F17%2Fsweden-becomes-member-ifp-family%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></span></li>\n</ol>\n</div>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Further_reading\">Further reading</span></h2>\n<div class=\"refbegin columns references-column-width\" style=\"-moz-column-width: 25em; -webkit-column-width: 25em; column-width: 25em;\">\n<ul>\n<li>Bagge, Sverre (2005). \"The Scandinavian Kingdoms\". In <i>The New Cambridge Medieval History</i>. Eds. Rosamond McKitterick et al. Cambridge University Press, 2005. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-36289-X\" title=\"Special:BookSources/0-521-36289-X\">0-521-36289-X</a>.</li>\n<li><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://lawfam.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/4/2/154\">\"Radical principles and the legal institution of marriage: domestic relations law and social democracy in Sweden—BRADLEY 4 (2): 154—International Journal of Law, Policy and the Family\"</a><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">13 June</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Radical+principles+and+the+legal+institution+of+marriage%3A+domestic+relations+law+and+social+democracy+in+Sweden%E2%80%94BRADLEY+4+%282%29%3A+154%E2%80%94International+Journal+of+Law%2C+Policy+and+the+Family&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flawfam.oxfordjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fcontent%2Fabstract%2F4%2F2%2F154&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></li>\n<li><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sw.html\">\"Sweden\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_World_Factbook\" title=\"The World Factbook\">The World Factbook</a></i>. <a href=\"/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency\" title=\"Central Intelligence Agency\">Central Intelligence Agency</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Sweden&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fgeos%2Fsw.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></li>\n<li><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20131105201119/http://www.scb.se/Pages/Product____25799.aspx\">\"Sweden's population 2012\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Statistics_Sweden\" title=\"Statistics Sweden\">Statistics Sweden</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.scb.se/Pages/Product____25799.aspx\">the original</a> on 5 November 2013<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\">24 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sweden%27s+population+2012&rft.pub=Statistics+Sweden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scb.se%2FPages%2FProduct____25799.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></li>\n<li>Durant, Colin (2003). <i>Choral Conducting: philosophy and practice</i>, Routledge, pp. 46–47. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-94356-6\" title=\"Special:BookSources/0-415-94356-6\">0-415-94356-6</a>.</li>\n<li>Einhorn, Eric and John Logue (1989). <i>Modern Welfare States: Politics and Policies in Social Democratic Scandinavia</i>. Praeger Publishers, 1989. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-275-93188-9\" title=\"Special:BookSources/0-275-93188-9\">0-275-93188-9</a>.</li>\n<li>Koblik, Steven (1975). <i>Sweden's Development from Poverty to Affluence 1750–1970</i>. University of Minnesota Press. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8166-0757-5\" title=\"Special:BookSources/0-8166-0757-5\">0-8166-0757-5</a>.</li>\n<li><cite id=\"Larsson_&_Bäck\" class=\"citation book\">Larsson, Torbjörn; Bäck, Henry (2008). <i>Governing and Governance in Sweden</i>. Lund: <a href=\"/wiki/Studentlitteratur\" title=\"Studentlitteratur\">Studentlitteratur</a> AB. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-91-44-03682-3\" title=\"Special:BookSources/978-91-44-03682-3\">978-91-44-03682-3</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Governing+and+Governance+in+Sweden&rft.place=Lund&rft.pub=Studentlitteratur+AB&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-91-44-03682-3&rft.aulast=Larsson&rft.aufirst=Torbj%C3%B6rn&rft.au=B%C3%A4ck%2C+Henry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></li>\n<li>Magocsi, Paul Robert (1998). <i>Encyclopedia of Canada's Peoples</i>. University of Minnesota Press, 1998. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8020-2938-8\" title=\"Special:BookSources/0-8020-2938-8\">0-8020-2938-8</a>.</li>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.un.org/esa/agenda21/natlinfo/countr/sweden/natur.htm\">Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Sweden</a> Agenda 21 – Natural Resource Aspects – Sweden. 5th Session of the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development, April 1997.</li>\n<li>Nordstrom, Byron J. (2000). <i>Scandinavia since 1500</i>. <a href=\"/wiki/University_of_Minnesota_Press\" title=\"University of Minnesota Press\">University of Minnesota Press</a>, 2000. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8166-2098-9\" title=\"Special:BookSources/0-8166-2098-9\">0-8166-2098-9</a>.</li>\n<li><cite id=\"Petersson\" class=\"citation book\">Petersson, Olof (2010). <i>Den offentliga makten</i> (in Swedish). Stockholm: SNS Förlag. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-91-86203-66-5\" title=\"Special:BookSources/978-91-86203-66-5\">978-91-86203-66-5</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Den+offentliga+makten&rft.place=Stockholm&rft.pub=SNS+F%C3%B6rlag&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-91-86203-66-5&rft.aulast=Petersson&rft.aufirst=Olof&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></li>\n<li><cite class=\"citation book\">Sawyer, Birgit; <a href=\"/wiki/Peter_Hayes_Sawyer\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Peter Hayes Sawyer\">Sawyer, Peter H.</a> (1993). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://books.google.com/?id=jGJrXOjYvQgC&printsec=frontcover\"><i>Medieval Scandinavia: from Conversion to Reformation, Circa 800–1500</i></a>. University of Minnesota Press. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8166-1739-2\" title=\"Special:BookSources/0-8166-1739-2\">0-8166-1739-2</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Medieval+Scandinavia%3A+from+Conversion+to+Reformation%2C+Circa+800%E2%80%931500&rft.pub=University+of+Minnesota+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=0-8166-1739-2&rft.aulast=Sawyer&rft.aufirst=Birgit&rft.au=Sawyer%2C+Peter+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DjGJrXOjYvQgC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></li>\n<li>Ståhl, Solveig. (1999). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20060106110733/http://www3.lu.se/info/lum/LUM_07_99/01_engelska.html\">\"English spoken – fast ibland hellre än bra\"</a>. <i>LUM, Lunds universitet med</i>delar, 7:1999, 3 September 1999. In Swedish.</li>\n<li><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20090731025052/http://www.scb.se/Pages/TableAndChart____193256.aspx\">\"2006 census\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Statistics_Sweden\" title=\"Statistics Sweden\">Statistics Sweden</a>. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.scb.se/Pages/TableAndChart____193256.aspx\">the original</a> on 31 July 2009.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2006+census&rft.pub=Statistics+Sweden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scb.se%2FPages%2FTableAndChart____193256.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></li>\n<li><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20090714003037/http://www.scb.se/Pages/TableAndChart____25897.aspx\">\"Preliminary Population Statistics, by month, 2004–2006\"</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/Statistics_Sweden\" title=\"Statistics Sweden\">Statistics Sweden</a>. 1 January 2007. Archived from <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.scb.se/Pages/TableAndChart____25897.aspx\">the original</a> on 14 July 2009.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Preliminary+Population+Statistics%2C+by+month%2C+2004%E2%80%932006&rft.pub=Statistics+Sweden&rft.date=2007-01-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scb.se%2FPages%2FTableAndChart____25897.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></li>\n<li><cite class=\"citation book\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.scb.se/statistik/_publikationer/BO0801_2007A01_BR_BO01SA0701.pdf\"><i>Yearbook of Housing and Building Statistics 2007</i></a> <span style=\"font-size:85%;\">(PDF)</span>. <a href=\"/wiki/Statistics_Sweden\" title=\"Statistics Sweden\">Statistics Sweden</a>, Energy, Rents and Real Estate Statistics Unit. 2007. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-91-618-1361-2\" title=\"Special:BookSources/978-91-618-1361-2\">978-91-618-1361-2</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yearbook+of+Housing+and+Building+Statistics+2007&rft.pub=Statistics+Sweden%2C+Energy%2C+Rents+and+Real+Estate+Statistics+Unit&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-91-618-1361-2&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scb.se%2Fstatistik%2F_publikationer%2FBO0801_2007A01_BR_BO01SA0701.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></li>\n<li><img alt=\"Wikisource-logo.svg\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png\" width=\"12\" height=\"13\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"410\" data-file-height=\"430\" /> <cite class=\"citation encyclopaedia\">\"<a href=\"https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Sweden\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Sweden\">Sweden</a>\". <i><a href=\"/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition\" title=\"Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition\">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. <b>26</b> (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 188–221.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sweden&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=188-221&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></li>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-29865/Sweden#403810.hook\">Sweden: Social and economic conditions</a> (2007). In <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>. Encyclopædia Britannica Online.</li>\n<li><cite id=\"CITEREFTerrill2009\" class=\"citation book\">Terrill, Richard J. (2009). <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=hJaEzC1CBe8C&pg=PA248\"><i>World Criminal Justice Systems: A Survey</i></a> (7 ed.). <a href=\"/wiki/Elsevier\" title=\"Elsevier\">Elsevier</a>. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59345-612-2\" title=\"Special:BookSources/978-1-59345-612-2\">978-1-59345-612-2</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=World+Criminal+Justice+Systems%3A+A+Survey&rft.edition=7&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-59345-612-2&rft.aulast=Terrill&rft.aufirst=Richard+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhJaEzC1CBe8C%26pg%3DPA248&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></li>\n<li>Uddhammar, Emil (1993). <i>Partierna och den stora staten: en analys av statsteorier och svensk politik under 1900-talet</i>. Stockholm, City University Press.</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State\" title=\"United States Department of State\">United States Department of State</a> – <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2880.htm\">Sweden</a></li>\n<li>Zuckerman, Phil (2007), Atheism: Contemporary Rates and Patterns PDF i Cambridge Companion to Atheism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. <a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number\" title=\"International Standard Book Number\">ISBN</a> <a href=\"/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-60367-6\" title=\"Special:BookSources/0-521-60367-6\">0-521-60367-6</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"External_links\">External links</span></h2>\n<div role=\"navigation\" aria-labelledby=\"sister-projects\" class=\"metadata plainlinks plainlist mbox-small\" style=\"border:1px solid #aaa; padding:0.75em; background:#f9f9f9;\">\n<div style=\"padding-bottom: 0.75em; text-align: center;\">Find more about<b style=\"display:block;\">Sweden</b>at Wikipedia's <a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects\" title=\"Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects\"><span id=\"sister-projects\">sister projects</span></a></div>\n<ul style=\"border-top:1px solid #aaa; padding-top: 0.75em;\">\n<li style=\"min-height: 31px;\"><span style=\"display: inline-block; width: 31px; line-height: 31px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png\" width=\"27\" height=\"27\" style=\"vertical-align: middle\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"391\" data-file-height=\"391\" /></span><span style=\"display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; width: 182px; vertical-align: middle;\"><a href=\"https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Sweden\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"wikt:Special:Search/Sweden\">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</span></li>\n<li style=\"min-height: 31px;\"><span style=\"display: inline-block; width: 31px; line-height: 31px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png\" width=\"20\" height=\"27\" style=\"vertical-align: middle\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1024\" data-file-height=\"1376\" /></span><span style=\"display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; width: 182px; vertical-align: middle;\"><a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Sweden\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"c:Special:Search/Sweden\">Media</a> from Wikimedia Commons</span></li>\n<li style=\"min-height: 31px;\"><span style=\"display: inline-block; width: 31px; line-height: 31px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png\" width=\"27\" height=\"15\" style=\"vertical-align: middle\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"759\" data-file-height=\"415\" /></span><span style=\"display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; width: 182px; vertical-align: middle;\"><a href=\"https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Sweden\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"n:Special:Search/Sweden\">News</a> from Wikinews</span></li>\n<li style=\"min-height: 31px;\"><span style=\"display: inline-block; width: 31px; line-height: 31px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png\" width=\"23\" height=\"27\" style=\"vertical-align: middle\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"300\" data-file-height=\"355\" /></span><span style=\"display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; width: 182px; vertical-align: middle;\"><a href=\"https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Sweden\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"q:Special:Search/Sweden\">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</span></li>\n<li style=\"min-height: 31px;\"><span style=\"display: inline-block; width: 31px; line-height: 31px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png\" width=\"26\" height=\"27\" style=\"vertical-align: middle\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"410\" data-file-height=\"430\" /></span><span style=\"display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; width: 182px; vertical-align: middle;\"><a href=\"https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Sweden\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"s:Special:Search/Sweden\">Texts</a> from Wikisource</span></li>\n<li style=\"min-height: 31px;\"><span style=\"display: inline-block; width: 31px; line-height: 31px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png\" width=\"27\" height=\"27\" style=\"vertical-align: middle\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"300\" data-file-height=\"300\" /></span><span style=\"display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; width: 182px; vertical-align: middle;\"><a href=\"https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Sweden\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"b:Special:Search/Sweden\">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</span></li>\n<li style=\"min-height: 31px;\"><span style=\"display: inline-block; width: 31px; line-height: 31px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Wikiversity-logo-en.svg/27px-Wikiversity-logo-en.svg.png\" width=\"27\" height=\"24\" style=\"vertical-align: middle\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Wikiversity-logo-en.svg/41px-Wikiversity-logo-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Wikiversity-logo-en.svg/54px-Wikiversity-logo-en.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1000\" data-file-height=\"900\" /></span><span style=\"display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; width: 182px; vertical-align: middle;\"><a href=\"https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Sweden\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"v:Special:Search/Sweden\">Learning resources</a> from Wikiversity</span></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<table role=\"presentation\" class=\"mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox\" style=\"background-color:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;color:#000\">\n<tr>\n<td class=\"mbox-image\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" class=\"noviewer\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"193\" data-file-height=\"193\" /></td>\n<td class=\"mbox-text plainlist\">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href=\"https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Sweden#Q34\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"wikivoyage:Sweden\">Sweden</a></b></i>.</td>\n</tr>\n</table>\n<ul>\n<li><cite class=\"citation web\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sw.html\">\"Sweden\"</a>. <i><a href=\"/wiki/The_World_Factbook\" title=\"The World Factbook\">The World Factbook</a></i>. <a href=\"/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency\" title=\"Central Intelligence Agency\">Central Intelligence Agency</a>.</cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Sweden&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fgeos%2Fsw.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASweden\" class=\"Z3988\"><span style=\"display:none;\"> </span></span></li>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/576478/Sweden\">Sweden</a> entry at <i><a href=\"/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica\" title=\"Encyclopædia Britannica\">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i></li>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/sweden.htm\">Sweden</a> from <i>UCB Libraries GovPubs</i></li>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://curlie.org/Regional/Europe/Sweden\">Sweden</a> at Curlie (based on <a href=\"/wiki/DMOZ\" title=\"DMOZ\">DMOZ</a>)</li>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-17955808\">Sweden profile</a> from the <a href=\"/wiki/BBC_News\" title=\"BBC News\">BBC News</a></li>\n<li><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/16px-Gnome-globe.svg.png\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/24px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/32px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"48\" data-file-height=\"48\" /> <a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_Sweden\" class=\"extiw\" title=\"commons:Atlas of Sweden\">Wikimedia Atlas of Sweden</a></li>\n<li><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/16px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/24px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/32px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"256\" data-file-height=\"256\" /> Geographic data related to <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/52822\">Sweden</a> at <a href=\"/wiki/OpenStreetMap\" title=\"OpenStreetMap\">OpenStreetMap</a></li>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=SE\">Key Development Forecasts for Sweden</a> from <a href=\"/wiki/International_Futures\" title=\"International Futures\">International Futures</a></li>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.studyinsweden.se/\">Study in Sweden</a> – official guide to studying in Sweden</li>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external autonumber\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20141230162402/http://www.circle.lu.se/upload/CIRCLE/workingpapers/200906_Schoen.pdf\">[4]</a> Technological Waves and Economic Growth in Sweden 1850–2005</li>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20150928122527/http://eh.net/encyclopedia/sweden-economic-growth-and-structural-change-1800-2000/\">Sweden – Economic Growth and Structural Change, 1800–2000</a> — EH.Net Encyclopedia</li>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20131207061449/http://www.vifanord.de/index.php?id=1&L=1&rd=243343734\">vifanord</a> – a digital library that provides scientific information on the Nordic and Baltic countries as well as the Baltic region as a whole</li>\n</ul>\n<p><b>Public sector</b></p>\n<ul>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.sweden.se/\">Sweden.se</a> — Sweden's official portal</li>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.riksdagen.se/en/\">The Swedish Parliament</a> – official website</li>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.government.se/\">The Government of Sweden</a> – official website</li>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.kungahuset.se/royalcourt.4.367010ad11497db6cba800054503.html\">The Royal Court</a> – official website of the Swedish Monarchy</li>\n</ul>\n<p><b>News media</b></p>\n<ul>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.radiosweden.org/\">Radio Sweden</a> – public service</li>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.svt.se/\">Sveriges Television</a> <span class=\"languageicon\">(in Swedish)</span> – public service</li>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.dn.se/\">Dagens Nyheter</a> <span class=\"languageicon\">(in Swedish)</span></li>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.svd.se/\">Svenska Dagbladet</a> <span class=\"languageicon\">(in Swedish)</span></li>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.thelocal.se/\">The Local – Sweden's news in English</a> – independent English language news site</li>\n</ul>\n<p><b>Trade</b></p>\n<ul>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/Country/SWE/Year/2012/Summary\">World Bank Summary Trade Statistics Sweden</a></li>\n</ul>\n<p><b>Travel</b></p>\n<ul>\n<li><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.visitsweden.com/\">VisitSweden.com</a> – official travel and tourism website for Sweden</li>\n</ul>\n<div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-labelledby=\"Articles_related_to_Sweden\" style=\"padding:3px\">\n<table class=\"nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\">\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"2\" style=\"background:#e8e8ff;\">\n<div id=\"Articles_related_to_Sweden\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\">Articles related to Sweden</div>\n</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" class=\"navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0px;font-size:114%;\">\n<div style=\"padding:0px;\">\n<div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-labelledby=\"Sweden_articles\" style=\"padding:3px\">\n<table class=\"nowraplinks hlist collapsible expanded navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\">\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"3\">\n<div class=\"plainlinks hlist navbar mini\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"nv-view\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template:Sweden_topics\" title=\"Template:Sweden topics\"><abbr title=\"View this template\" style=\";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;\">v</abbr></a></li>\n<li class=\"nv-talk\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template_talk:Sweden_topics\" title=\"Template talk:Sweden topics\"><abbr title=\"Discuss this template\" style=\";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;\">t</abbr></a></li>\n<li class=\"nv-edit\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Sweden_topics&action=edit\"><abbr title=\"Edit this template\" style=\";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;\">e</abbr></a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<div id=\"Sweden_articles\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\"><a class=\"mw-selflink selflink\">Sweden</a> articles</div>\n</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"/wiki/History_of_Sweden\" title=\"History of Sweden\">History</a></th>\n<td class=\"navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px\">\n<div style=\"padding:0em 0.25em\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Prehistoric_Sweden\" title=\"Prehistoric Sweden\">Prehistory</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/History_of_Sweden_(800%E2%80%931521)\" title=\"History of Sweden (800–1521)\">800–1521</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Kalmar_Union\" title=\"Kalmar Union\">Kalmar Union</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/History_of_Sweden_(1523%E2%80%931611)\" title=\"History of Sweden (1523–1611)\">1523–1611</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/History_of_Sweden_(1611%E2%80%931648)\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"History of Sweden (1611–1648)\">Rise to become Great Power</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Empire\" title=\"Swedish Empire\">Swedish Empire</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Great_Northern_War\" title=\"Great Northern War\">Great Northern War</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Age_of_Liberty\" title=\"Age of Liberty\">Age of Liberty</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Gustavian_era\" title=\"Gustavian era\">Gustavian era</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Union_between_Sweden_and_Norway\" title=\"Union between Sweden and Norway\">Sweden–Norway union</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Sweden_during_the_late_19th_century\" title=\"Sweden during the late 19th century\">Modernization</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Industrialization_of_Sweden\" title=\"Industrialization of Sweden\">Industrialization</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Sweden_during_World_War_I\" title=\"Sweden during World War I\">World War I</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Sweden_during_World_War_II\" title=\"Sweden during World War II\">World War II</a>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Sweden_during_World_War_II_(timeline)\" title=\"Sweden during World War II (timeline)\">timeline</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/History_of_Sweden_(1945%E2%80%9367)\" title=\"History of Sweden (1945–67)\">1945–1967</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/History_of_Sweden_(1967%E2%80%9391)\" title=\"History of Sweden (1967–91)\">1967–1991</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/History_of_Sweden_(1991%E2%80%93present)\" title=\"History of Sweden (1991–present)\">Since 1991</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</td>\n<td class=\"navbox-image\" rowspan=\"5\" style=\"width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px\">\n<div><a href=\"/wiki/Sweden\" title=\"Sweden\"><img alt=\"Shield of arms of Sweden.svg\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Shield_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg/80px-Shield_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg.png\" width=\"80\" height=\"103\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Shield_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg/120px-Shield_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Shield_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg/160px-Shield_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"240\" data-file-height=\"308\" /></a></div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"/wiki/Geography_of_Sweden\" title=\"Geography of Sweden\">Geography</a></th>\n<td class=\"navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px\">\n<div style=\"padding:0em 0.25em\"></div>\n<table class=\"nowraplinks navbox-subgroup\" style=\"border-spacing:0\">\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" class=\"navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0px\">\n<div style=\"padding:0em 0.25em\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Sweden\" title=\"List of cities in Sweden\">Cities</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Counties_of_Sweden\" title=\"Counties of Sweden\">Counties</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Extreme_points_of_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Extreme points of Sweden\">Extreme points</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Forests_of_Sweden\" title=\"Forests of Sweden\">Forests</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Sweden\" title=\"List of islands of Sweden\">Islands</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Sweden\" title=\"List of lakes of Sweden\">Lakes</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Lands_of_Sweden\" title=\"Lands of Sweden\">Lands</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_Sweden\" title=\"List of national parks of Sweden\">National parks</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/NUTS_statistical_regions_of_Sweden\" title=\"NUTS statistical regions of Sweden\">NUTS statistical regions</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Provinces_of_Sweden\" title=\"Provinces of Sweden\">Provinces</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Sweden\" title=\"List of rivers of Sweden\">Rivers</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</table>\n</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"/wiki/Politics_of_Sweden\" title=\"Politics of Sweden\">Politics</a></th>\n<td class=\"navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px\">\n<div style=\"padding:0em 0.25em\"></div>\n<table class=\"nowraplinks navbox-subgroup\" style=\"border-spacing:0\">\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" class=\"navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0px\">\n<div style=\"padding:0em 0.25em\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Sweden\" title=\"Administrative divisions of Sweden\">Administrative division</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Constitution_of_Sweden\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Constitution of Sweden\">Constitution</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Elections_in_Sweden\" title=\"Elections in Sweden\">Elections</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Sweden\" title=\"Foreign relations of Sweden\">Foreign relations</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Government_of_Sweden\" title=\"Government of Sweden\">Government</a>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Government_agencies_in_Sweden\" title=\"Government agencies in Sweden\">agencies</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Judiciary_of_Sweden\" title=\"Judiciary of Sweden\">Judiciary</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Law_of_Sweden\" title=\"Law of Sweden\">Law</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Sweden\" title=\"Law enforcement in Sweden\">Law enforcement</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Riksdag\" title=\"Riksdag\">Legislature</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Armed_Forces\" title=\"Swedish Armed Forces\">Armed Forces</a>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Army\" title=\"Swedish Army\">Army</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Navy\" title=\"Swedish Navy\">Navy</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_Air_Force\" title=\"Swedish Air Force\">Air Force</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Home_Guard_(Sweden)\" title=\"Home Guard (Sweden)\">Home Guard</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Defence_Radio_Establishment\" title=\"National Defence Radio Establishment\">Radio Establishment</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Monarchy_of_Sweden\" title=\"Monarchy of Sweden\">Monarchy</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Sweden\" title=\"List of political parties in Sweden\">Political parties</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</table>\n</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"/wiki/Economy_of_Sweden\" title=\"Economy of Sweden\">Economy</a></th>\n<td class=\"navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px\">\n<div style=\"padding:0em 0.25em\"></div>\n<table class=\"nowraplinks navbox-subgroup\" style=\"border-spacing:0\">\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" class=\"navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0px\">\n<div style=\"padding:0em 0.25em\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Agriculture_in_Sweden\" title=\"Agriculture in Sweden\">Agriculture</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Sweden\" title=\"Automotive industry in Sweden\">Automotive industry</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Energy_in_Sweden\" title=\"Energy in Sweden\">Energy</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_krona\" title=\"Swedish krona\">Krona <small>(currency)</small></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_labour_movement\" title=\"Swedish labour movement\">Labour unions</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Rehn%E2%80%93Meidner_model\" title=\"Rehn–Meidner model\">Rehn–Meidner model</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Stockholm_Stock_Exchange\" title=\"Stockholm Stock Exchange\">Stock exchange</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Taxation_in_Sweden\" title=\"Taxation in Sweden\">Taxation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Sweden\" title=\"Telecommunications in Sweden\">Telecommunications</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Transport_in_Sweden\" title=\"Transport in Sweden\">Transport</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Tourism_in_Sweden\" title=\"Tourism in Sweden\">Tourism</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</table>\n</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Swedish_society\" title=\"Category:Swedish society\">Society</a></th>\n<td class=\"navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px\">\n<div style=\"padding:0em 0.25em\"></div>\n<table class=\"nowraplinks navbox-subgroup\" style=\"border-spacing:0\">\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" class=\"navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0px\">\n<div style=\"padding:0em 0.25em\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Crime_in_Sweden\" title=\"Crime in Sweden\">Crime</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Demographics_of_Sweden\" title=\"Demographics of Sweden\">Demographics</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Education_in_Sweden\" title=\"Education in Sweden\">Education</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Healthcare_in_Sweden\" title=\"Healthcare in Sweden\">Healthcare</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Immigration_to_Sweden\" title=\"Immigration to Sweden\">Immigration</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Languages_of_Sweden\" title=\"Languages of Sweden\">Languages</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Sweden\" title=\"LGBT history in Sweden\">LGBT history</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Swedes\" title=\"Swedes\">People</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Welfare_in_Sweden\" title=\"Welfare in Sweden\">Welfare</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Culture_of_Sweden\" title=\"Culture of Sweden\">Culture</a></th>\n<td class=\"navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px\">\n<div style=\"padding:0em 0.25em\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Du_gamla,_du_fria\" title=\"Du gamla, du fria\">Anthem</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Architecture_of_Sweden\" title=\"Architecture of Sweden\">Architecture</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_art\" title=\"Swedish art\">Art</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Cinema_of_Sweden\" title=\"Cinema of Sweden\">Cinema</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Sweden\" title=\"Coat of arms of Sweden\">Coat of arms</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_cuisine\" title=\"Swedish cuisine\">Cuisine</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_fashion\" title=\"Swedish fashion\">Fashion</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Flag_of_Sweden\" title=\"Flag of Sweden\">Flag</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Swedish_literature\" title=\"Swedish literature\">Literature</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Media_of_Sweden\" title=\"Media of Sweden\">Media</a>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Television_in_Sweden\" title=\"Television in Sweden\">television</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Music_of_Sweden\" title=\"Music of Sweden\">Music</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/National_Day_of_Sweden\" title=\"National Day of Sweden\">National Day</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Sweden\" title=\"Public holidays in Sweden\">Public holidays</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Religion_in_Sweden\" title=\"Religion in Sweden\">Religion</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Sport_in_Sweden\" title=\"Sport in Sweden\">Sport</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</table>\n</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"navbox-abovebelow\" colspan=\"3\" style=\"font-weight:bold;\">\n<div>\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:-0.4em;\">\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Outline_of_Sweden\" title=\"Outline of Sweden\">Outline</a></span></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Category:Sweden\" title=\"Category:Sweden\">Category</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Portal:Sweden\" title=\"Portal:Sweden\">Portal</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</table>\n</div>\n<div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-labelledby=\"25px_Geographic_locale\" style=\"padding:3px\">\n<table class=\"nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\">\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"2\" style=\"background:#e8e8ff;\">\n<div id=\"25px_Geographic_locale\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Gnome-globe.svg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"Gnome-globe.svg\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/25px-Gnome-globe.svg.png\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/38px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/50px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"48\" data-file-height=\"48\" /></a><span class=\"nowrap\"> </span>Geographic locale</div>\n</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" class=\"navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0px;font-size:114%;\">\n<div style=\"padding:0px;\">\n<div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-labelledby=\"Member_states_of_the_European_Union\" style=\"padding:3px\">\n<table class=\"nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\">\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"3\">\n<div class=\"plainlinks hlist navbar mini\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"nv-view\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template:Member_states_of_the_European_Union\" title=\"Template:Member states of the European Union\"><abbr title=\"View this template\" style=\";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;\">v</abbr></a></li>\n<li class=\"nv-talk\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template_talk:Member_states_of_the_European_Union\" title=\"Template talk:Member states of the European Union\"><abbr title=\"Discuss this template\" style=\";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;\">t</abbr></a></li>\n<li class=\"nv-edit\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Member_states_of_the_European_Union&action=edit\"><abbr title=\"Edit this template\" style=\";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;\">e</abbr></a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<div id=\"Member_states_of_the_European_Union\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\"><a href=\"/wiki/Member_state_of_the_European_Union\" title=\"Member state of the European Union\">Member states</a> of the <a href=\"/wiki/European_Union\" title=\"European Union\">European Union</a></div>\n</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" class=\"navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0px\">\n<div style=\"padding:0em 0.25em\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Austria\" title=\"Austria\">Austria</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Belgium\" title=\"Belgium\">Belgium</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Bulgaria\" title=\"Bulgaria\">Bulgaria</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Croatia\" title=\"Croatia\">Croatia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Cyprus\" title=\"Cyprus\">Cyprus</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Czech_Republic\" title=\"Czech Republic\">Czech Republic</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Denmark\" title=\"Denmark\">Denmark</a> <small>(<a href=\"/wiki/Denmark_and_the_European_Union\" title=\"Denmark and the European Union\">details</a>)</small></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Estonia\" title=\"Estonia\">Estonia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Finland\" title=\"Finland\">Finland</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\">France</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Germany\" title=\"Germany\">Germany</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Greece\" title=\"Greece\">Greece</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Hungary\" title=\"Hungary\">Hungary</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland\" title=\"Republic of Ireland\">Ireland</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Italy\" title=\"Italy\">Italy</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Latvia\" title=\"Latvia\">Latvia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Lithuania\" title=\"Lithuania\">Lithuania</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Luxembourg\" title=\"Luxembourg\">Luxembourg</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Malta\" title=\"Malta\">Malta</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Netherlands\" title=\"Netherlands\">Netherlands</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Poland\" title=\"Poland\">Poland</a> <small>(<a href=\"/wiki/Poland_in_the_European_Union\" title=\"Poland in the European Union\">details</a>)</small></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Portugal\" title=\"Portugal\">Portugal</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Romania\" title=\"Romania\">Romania</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Slovakia\" title=\"Slovakia\">Slovakia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Slovenia\" title=\"Slovenia\">Slovenia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Spain\" title=\"Spain\">Spain</a></li>\n<li><a class=\"mw-selflink selflink\">Sweden</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/United_Kingdom\" title=\"United Kingdom\">United Kingdom</a> <small>(<a href=\"/wiki/History_of_European_Union%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations\" title=\"History of European Union–United Kingdom relations\">details</a>)</small></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</td>\n<td class=\"navbox-image\" rowspan=\"1\" style=\"width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px\">\n<div><a href=\"/wiki/File:Flag_of_Europe.svg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"Flag of Europe.svg\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/50px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png\" width=\"50\" height=\"33\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/75px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/100px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"810\" data-file-height=\"540\" /></a></div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"navbox-abovebelow\" colspan=\"3\">\n<div><a href=\"/wiki/Future_enlargement_of_the_European_Union\" title=\"Future enlargement of the European Union\">Future enlargement of the European Union</a></div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</table>\n</div>\n<div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-labelledby=\"Nordic_countries\" style=\"padding:3px\">\n<table class=\"nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\">\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"3\">\n<div class=\"plainlinks hlist navbar mini\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"nv-view\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template:Nordic_countries\" title=\"Template:Nordic countries\"><abbr title=\"View this template\" style=\";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;\">v</abbr></a></li>\n<li class=\"nv-talk\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template_talk:Nordic_countries\" title=\"Template talk:Nordic countries\"><abbr title=\"Discuss this template\" style=\";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;\">t</abbr></a></li>\n<li class=\"nv-edit\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Nordic_countries&action=edit\"><abbr title=\"Edit this template\" style=\";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;\">e</abbr></a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<div id=\"Nordic_countries\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\"><a href=\"/wiki/Nordic_countries\" title=\"Nordic countries\">Nordic countries</a></div>\n</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Countries</th>\n<td class=\"navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px\">\n<div style=\"padding:0em 0.25em\">\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png\" width=\"20\" height=\"15\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"740\" data-file-height=\"560\" /> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Denmark\" title=\"Denmark\">Denmark</a></li>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png\" width=\"23\" height=\"14\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1800\" data-file-height=\"1100\" /> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Finland\" title=\"Finland\">Finland</a></li>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/21px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png\" width=\"21\" height=\"15\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/42px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"800\" data-file-height=\"576\" /> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Iceland\" title=\"Iceland\">Iceland</a></li>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png\" width=\"21\" height=\"15\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1100\" data-file-height=\"800\" /> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Norway\" title=\"Norway\">Norway</a></li>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png\" width=\"23\" height=\"14\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1600\" data-file-height=\"1000\" /> </span><a class=\"mw-selflink selflink\">Sweden</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</td>\n<td class=\"navbox-image\" rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px\">\n<div><a href=\"/wiki/Nordic_Cross_flag\" title=\"Nordic Cross flag\"><img alt=\"Flags of the Nordic countries outside the Bella Center, Copenhagen, 2004\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Nordiske-flag.jpg/100px-Nordiske-flag.jpg\" width=\"100\" height=\"78\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Nordiske-flag.jpg/150px-Nordiske-flag.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Nordiske-flag.jpg/200px-Nordiske-flag.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"720\" data-file-height=\"562\" /></a></div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Dependencies</th>\n<td class=\"navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px\">\n<div style=\"padding:0em 0.25em\">\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Flag_of_%C3%85land.svg/23px-Flag_of_%C3%85land.svg.png\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Flag_of_%C3%85land.svg/35px-Flag_of_%C3%85land.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Flag_of_%C3%85land.svg/46px-Flag_of_%C3%85land.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"520\" data-file-height=\"340\" /> </span><a href=\"/wiki/%C3%85land_Islands\" title=\"Åland Islands\">Åland Islands</a></li>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg.png\" width=\"21\" height=\"15\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg/41px-Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1100\" data-file-height=\"800\" /> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Faroe_Islands\" title=\"Faroe Islands\">Faroe Islands</a></li>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Greenland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greenland.svg.png\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Greenland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greenland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Greenland.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greenland.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Greenland\" title=\"Greenland\">Greenland</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" class=\"navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0px\">\n<div style=\"padding:0em 0.25em\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Climate_of_the_Nordic_countries\" title=\"Climate of the Nordic countries\">Climate of the Nordic countries</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Comparison_of_the_Nordic_countries\" title=\"Comparison of the Nordic countries\">Comparison of the Nordic countries</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Nordic_Council\" title=\"Nordic Council\">Nordic Council</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Nordic_Cross_flag\" title=\"Nordic Cross flag\">Nordic Cross flag</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Subdivisions_of_the_Nordic_countries\" title=\"Subdivisions of the Nordic countries\">Subdivisions of the Nordic countries</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</table>\n</div>\n<div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-labelledby=\"Sovereign_states_and_dependencies_of_Europe\" style=\"padding:3px\">\n<table class=\"nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\">\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"3\">\n<div class=\"plainlinks hlist navbar mini\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"nv-view\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template:Sovereign_states_of_Europe\" title=\"Template:Sovereign states of Europe\"><abbr title=\"View this template\" style=\";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;\">v</abbr></a></li>\n<li class=\"nv-talk\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template_talk:Sovereign_states_of_Europe\" title=\"Template talk:Sovereign states of Europe\"><abbr title=\"Discuss this template\" style=\";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;\">t</abbr></a></li>\n<li class=\"nv-edit\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Sovereign_states_of_Europe&action=edit\"><abbr title=\"Edit this template\" style=\";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;\">e</abbr></a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<div id=\"Sovereign_states_and_dependencies_of_Europe\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\"><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_in_Europe\" title=\"List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Europe\">Sovereign states and dependencies of Europe</a></div>\n</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states\" title=\"List of sovereign states\">Sovereign states</a></th>\n<td class=\"navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px\">\n<div style=\"padding:0em 0.25em\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Albania\" title=\"Albania\">Albania</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Andorra\" title=\"Andorra\">Andorra</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Armenia\" title=\"Armenia\">Armenia</a><sup>2</sup></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Austria\" title=\"Austria\">Austria</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Azerbaijan\" title=\"Azerbaijan\">Azerbaijan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Belarus\" title=\"Belarus\">Belarus</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Belgium\" title=\"Belgium\">Belgium</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina\" title=\"Bosnia and Herzegovina\">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Bulgaria\" title=\"Bulgaria\">Bulgaria</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Croatia\" title=\"Croatia\">Croatia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Cyprus\" title=\"Cyprus\">Cyprus</a><sup>2</sup></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Czech_Republic\" title=\"Czech Republic\">Czech Republic</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Denmark\" title=\"Denmark\">Denmark</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Estonia\" title=\"Estonia\">Estonia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Finland\" title=\"Finland\">Finland</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/France\" title=\"France\">France</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Georgia_(country)\" title=\"Georgia (country)\">Georgia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Germany\" title=\"Germany\">Germany</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Greece\" title=\"Greece\">Greece</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Hungary\" title=\"Hungary\">Hungary</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Iceland\" title=\"Iceland\">Iceland</a><sup>1</sup></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland\" title=\"Republic of Ireland\">Ireland</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Italy\" title=\"Italy\">Italy</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Kazakhstan\" title=\"Kazakhstan\">Kazakhstan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Latvia\" title=\"Latvia\">Latvia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Liechtenstein\" title=\"Liechtenstein\">Liechtenstein</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Lithuania\" title=\"Lithuania\">Lithuania</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Luxembourg\" title=\"Luxembourg\">Luxembourg</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Republic_of_Macedonia\" title=\"Republic of Macedonia\">Macedonia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Malta\" title=\"Malta\">Malta</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Moldova\" title=\"Moldova\">Moldova</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Monaco\" title=\"Monaco\">Monaco</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Montenegro\" title=\"Montenegro\">Montenegro</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands\" title=\"Kingdom of the Netherlands\">Netherlands</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Norway\" title=\"Norway\">Norway</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Poland\" title=\"Poland\">Poland</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Portugal\" title=\"Portugal\">Portugal</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Romania\" title=\"Romania\">Romania</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Russia\" title=\"Russia\">Russia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/San_Marino\" title=\"San Marino\">San Marino</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Serbia\" title=\"Serbia\">Serbia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Slovakia\" title=\"Slovakia\">Slovakia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Slovenia\" title=\"Slovenia\">Slovenia</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Spain\" title=\"Spain\">Spain</a></li>\n<li><a class=\"mw-selflink selflink\">Sweden</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Switzerland\" title=\"Switzerland\">Switzerland</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Turkey\" title=\"Turkey\">Turkey</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Ukraine\" title=\"Ukraine\">Ukraine</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/United_Kingdom\" title=\"United Kingdom\">United Kingdom</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Vatican_City\" title=\"Vatican City\">Vatican City</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</td>\n<td class=\"navbox-image\" rowspan=\"4\" style=\"width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;padding:0 0.5em;\">\n<div><a href=\"/wiki/Europe\" title=\"Europe\"><img alt=\"Europe orthographic Caucasus Urals boundary (with borders).svg\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary_%28with_borders%29.svg/100px-Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary_%28with_borders%29.svg.png\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary_%28with_borders%29.svg/150px-Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary_%28with_borders%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary_%28with_borders%29.svg/200px-Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary_%28with_borders%29.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"537\" data-file-height=\"536\" /></a></div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">\n<div style=\"padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;\"><a href=\"/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition\" title=\"List of states with limited recognition\">States with limited<br />\nrecognition</a></div>\n</th>\n<td class=\"navbox-list navbox-even hlist\" style=\"text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px\">\n<div style=\"padding:0em 0.25em\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Abkhazia\" title=\"Abkhazia\">Abkhazia</a><sup>2</sup></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Republic_of_Artsakh\" title=\"Republic of Artsakh\">Artsakh</a><sup>2</sup></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Kosovo\" title=\"Kosovo\">Kosovo</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Northern_Cyprus\" title=\"Northern Cyprus\">Northern Cyprus</a><sup>2</sup></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/South_Ossetia\" title=\"South Ossetia\">South Ossetia</a><sup>2</sup></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Transnistria\" title=\"Transnistria\">Transnistria</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">\n<div style=\"padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Dependent_territory\" title=\"Dependent territory\">Dependencies</a></div>\n</th>\n<td class=\"navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px\">\n<div style=\"padding:0em 0.25em\"></div>\n<table class=\"nowraplinks navbox-subgroup\" style=\"border-spacing:0\">\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Denmark</th>\n<td class=\"navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px\">\n<div style=\"padding:0em 0.25em\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Faroe_Islands\" title=\"Faroe Islands\">Faroe Islands</a><sup>1</sup>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size:90%;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Denmark#Greenland_and_the_Faroe_Islands\" title=\"Denmark\">autonomous country of the Kingdom of Denmark</a></span></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">United Kingdom</th>\n<td class=\"navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px\">\n<div style=\"padding:0em 0.25em\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia\" title=\"Akrotiri and Dhekelia\">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a><sup>2</sup>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size:90%;\">Sovereign Base Areas</span></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Gibraltar\" title=\"Gibraltar\">Gibraltar</a>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size:90%;\"><a href=\"/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories\" title=\"British Overseas Territories\">British Overseas Territory</a></span></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Bailiwick_of_Guernsey\" title=\"Bailiwick of Guernsey\">Guernsey</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Isle_of_Man\" title=\"Isle of Man\">Isle of Man</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Jersey\" title=\"Jersey\">Jersey</a>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size:90%;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Crown_dependencies\" title=\"Crown dependencies\">Crown dependencies</a></span></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</table>\n</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">\n<div style=\"padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;\">Special areas of<br />\ninternal sovereignty</div>\n</th>\n<td class=\"navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px\">\n<div style=\"padding:0em 0.25em\"></div>\n<table class=\"nowraplinks navbox-subgroup\" style=\"border-spacing:0\">\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Finland</th>\n<td class=\"navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px\">\n<div style=\"padding:0em 0.25em\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/%C3%85land_Islands\" title=\"Åland Islands\">Åland Islands</a>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size:90%;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Autonomous_administrative_division\" title=\"Autonomous administrative division\">autonomous region</a> subject to the <a href=\"/wiki/%C3%85land_convention\" title=\"Åland convention\">Åland Convention of 1921</a></span></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">Norway</th>\n<td class=\"navbox-list navbox-even\" style=\"text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px\">\n<div style=\"padding:0em 0.25em\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Svalbard\" title=\"Svalbard\">Svalbard</a>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size:90%;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Unincorporated_area\" title=\"Unincorporated area\">unincorporated area</a> subject to the <a href=\"/wiki/Svalbard_Treaty\" title=\"Svalbard Treaty\">Svalbard Treaty</a></span></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\">United Kingdom</th>\n<td class=\"navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px\">\n<div style=\"padding:0em 0.25em\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/wiki/Northern_Ireland\" title=\"Northern Ireland\">Northern Ireland</a>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size:90%;\"><a href=\"/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom\" title=\"Countries of the United Kingdom\">country of the United Kingdom</a> subject to the <a href=\"/wiki/Good_Friday_Agreement\" title=\"Good Friday Agreement\">British-Irish Agreement</a></span></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</table>\n</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"navbox-abovebelow\" colspan=\"3\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"plainlist\">\n<ul>\n<li><sup>1</sup> <a href=\"/wiki/Island#Oceanic_islands\" title=\"Island\">Oceanic islands</a> within the vicinity of Europe are usually grouped with the continent even though they are not situated on its continental shelf.</li>\n<li><sup>2</sup> Some countries completely outside the conventional geographical boundaries of Europe are commonly associated with the continent due to ethnological links.</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</table>\n</div>\n<div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-labelledby=\"Countries_bordering_the_Baltic_Sea\" style=\"padding:3px\">\n<table class=\"nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\">\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"2\">\n<div class=\"plainlinks hlist navbar mini\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"nv-view\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template:Countries_bordering_the_Baltic_Sea\" title=\"Template:Countries bordering the Baltic Sea\"><abbr title=\"View this template\" style=\";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;\">v</abbr></a></li>\n<li class=\"nv-talk\"><a href=\"/wiki/Template_talk:Countries_bordering_the_Baltic_Sea\" title=\"Template talk:Countries bordering the Baltic Sea\"><abbr title=\"Discuss this template\" style=\";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;\">t</abbr></a></li>\n<li class=\"nv-edit\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Countries_bordering_the_Baltic_Sea&action=edit\"><abbr title=\"Edit this template\" style=\";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;\">e</abbr></a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<div id=\"Countries_bordering_the_Baltic_Sea\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\">Countries bordering the <a href=\"/wiki/Baltic_Sea\" title=\"Baltic Sea\">Baltic Sea</a></div>\n</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" class=\"navbox-list navbox-odd hlist\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0px\">\n<div style=\"padding:0em 0.25em\">\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png\" width=\"20\" height=\"15\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"740\" data-file-height=\"560\" /> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Denmark\" title=\"Denmark\">Denmark</a></li>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"990\" data-file-height=\"630\" /> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Estonia\" title=\"Estonia\">Estonia</a></li>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png\" width=\"23\" height=\"14\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1800\" data-file-height=\"1100\" /> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Finland\" title=\"Finland\">Finland</a></li>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png\" width=\"23\" height=\"14\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1000\" data-file-height=\"600\" /> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Germany\" title=\"Germany\">Germany</a></li>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png\" width=\"23\" height=\"12\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1200\" data-file-height=\"600\" /> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Latvia\" title=\"Latvia\">Latvia</a></li>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png\" width=\"23\" height=\"14\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"500\" data-file-height=\"300\" /> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Lithuania\" title=\"Lithuania\">Lithuania</a></li>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png\" width=\"23\" height=\"14\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1280\" data-file-height=\"800\" /> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Poland\" title=\"Poland\">Poland</a></li>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png\" width=\"23\" height=\"15\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /> </span><a href=\"/wiki/Russia\" title=\"Russia\">Russia</a></li>\n<li><span class=\"flagicon\"><img alt=\"\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png\" width=\"23\" height=\"14\" class=\"thumbborder\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1600\" data-file-height=\"1000\" /> </span><a class=\"mw-selflink selflink\">Sweden</a></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</table>\n</div>\n<div class=\"noprint metadata navbox\" role=\"navigation\" aria-label=\"Portals\" style=\"font-weight:bold;padding:0.4em 2em\">\n<ul style=\"margin:0.1em 0 0\">\n<li style=\"display:inline\"><span style=\"display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap\"><span style=\"margin:0 0.5em\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Flag_of_Sweden.svg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"Flag of Sweden.svg\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/24px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png\" width=\"24\" height=\"15\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/36px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/48px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"1600\" data-file-height=\"1000\" /></a></span><a href=\"/wiki/Portal:Sweden\" title=\"Portal:Sweden\">Sweden portal</a></span></li>\n<li style=\"display:inline\"><span style=\"display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap\"><span style=\"margin:0 0.5em\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Flag_of_Europe.svg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"Flag of Europe.svg\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/24px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png\" width=\"24\" height=\"16\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/36px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/48px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"810\" data-file-height=\"540\" /></a></span><a href=\"/wiki/Portal:European_Union\" title=\"Portal:European Union\">European Union portal</a></span></li>\n<li style=\"display:inline\"><span style=\"display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap\"><span style=\"margin:0 0.5em\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Europe_green_light.png\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"Europe green light.png\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Europe_green_light.png/24px-Europe_green_light.png\" width=\"24\" height=\"21\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Europe_green_light.png/36px-Europe_green_light.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Europe_green_light.png/48px-Europe_green_light.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"260\" data-file-height=\"226\" /></a></span><a href=\"/wiki/Portal:Europe\" title=\"Portal:Europe\">Europe portal</a></span></li>\n<li style=\"display:inline\"><span style=\"display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap\"><span style=\"margin:0 0.5em\"><a href=\"/wiki/File:Ibca_gebco_comp_cover.jpg\" class=\"image\"><img alt=\"Ibca gebco comp cover.jpg\" src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Ibca_gebco_comp_cover.jpg/21px-Ibca_gebco_comp_cover.jpg\" width=\"21\" height=\"21\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Ibca_gebco_comp_cover.jpg/32px-Ibca_gebco_comp_cover.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Ibca_gebco_comp_cover.jpg/42px-Ibca_gebco_comp_cover.jpg 2x\" data-file-width=\"1024\" data-file-height=\"1024\" /></a></span><a href=\"/wiki/Portal:Arctic\" title=\"Portal:Arctic\">Arctic portal</a></span></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n<div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-label=\"Navbox\" style=\"padding:3px\">\n<table class=\"nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\">\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%\"><a href=\"/wiki/Help:Authority_control\" title=\"Help:Authority control\">Authority control</a></th>\n<td class=\"navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px\">\n<div style=\"padding:0em 0.25em\">\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"nowrap\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/159364209\">WorldCat Identities</a></span></li>\n<li><span class=\"nowrap\"><a href=\"/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File\" title=\"Virtual International Authority File\">VIAF</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://viaf.org/viaf/159364209\">159364209</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span class=\"nowrap\"><a href=\"/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number\" title=\"Library of Congress Control Number\">LCCN</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79021184\">n79021184</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span class=\"nowrap\"><a href=\"/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier\" title=\"International Standard Name Identifier\">ISNI</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://isni.org/isni/0000000122997436\">0000 0001 2299 7436</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span class=\"nowrap\"><a href=\"/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File\" title=\"Integrated Authority File\">GND</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://d-nb.info/gnd/4077258-5\">4077258-5</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span class=\"nowrap\"><a href=\"/wiki/LIBRIS\" title=\"LIBRIS\">SELIBR</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://libris.kb.se/auth/163435\">163435</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span class=\"nowrap\"><a href=\"/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation\" title=\"Système universitaire de documentation\">SUDOC</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://www.idref.fr/026401606\">026401606</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span class=\"nowrap\"><a href=\"/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France\" title=\"Bibliothèque nationale de France\">BNF</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15238534f\">cb15238534f</a> <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15238534f\">(data)</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span class=\"nowrap\"><a href=\"/wiki/Historical_Dictionary_of_Switzerland\" title=\"Historical Dictionary of Switzerland\">HDS</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/f/F3371.php\">3371</a></span></span></li>\n<li><span class=\"nowrap\"><a href=\"/wiki/National_Diet_Library\" title=\"National Diet Library\">NDL</a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00571513\">00571513</a></span></span></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</table>\n</div>\n\n\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw1262\nCached time: 20180213041205\nCache expiry: 1900800\nDynamic content: false\nCPU time usage: 2.800 seconds\nReal time usage: 3.235 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 22447/1000000\nPreprocessor generated node count: 0/1500000\nPost‐expand include size: 717353/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 122016/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 24/40\nExpensive 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[o]\" accesskey=\"o\">Log in</a></li>\t\t\t\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"left-navigation\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"p-namespaces\" role=\"navigation\" class=\"vectorTabs\" aria-labelledby=\"p-namespaces-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 id=\"p-namespaces-label\">Namespaces</h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li id=\"ca-nstab-main\" class=\"selected\"><span><a href=\"/wiki/Sweden\" title=\"View the content page [c]\" accesskey=\"c\">Article</a></span></li><li id=\"ca-talk\"><span><a href=\"/wiki/Talk:Sweden\" rel=\"discussion\" title=\"Discussion about the content page [t]\" accesskey=\"t\">Talk</a></span></li>\t\t\t\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"p-variants\" role=\"navigation\" class=\"vectorMenu emptyPortlet\" aria-labelledby=\"p-variants-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 id=\"p-variants-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Variants</span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t</h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"menu\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"right-navigation\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"p-views\" role=\"navigation\" class=\"vectorTabs\" aria-labelledby=\"p-views-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 id=\"p-views-label\">Views</h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li id=\"ca-view\" class=\"collapsible selected\"><span><a href=\"/wiki/Sweden\">Read</a></span></li><li id=\"ca-viewsource\" class=\"collapsible\"><span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Sweden&action=edit\" title=\"This page is protected. You can view its source [e]\" accesskey=\"e\">View source</a></span></li><li id=\"ca-history\" class=\"collapsible\"><span><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Sweden&action=history\" title=\"Past revisions of this page [h]\" accesskey=\"h\">View history</a></span></li>\t\t\t\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"p-cactions\" role=\"navigation\" class=\"vectorMenu emptyPortlet\" aria-labelledby=\"p-cactions-label\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 id=\"p-cactions-label\"><span>More</span></h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"menu\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"p-search\" role=\"search\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<label for=\"searchInput\">Search</label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t</h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<form action=\"/w/index.php\" id=\"searchform\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"simpleSearch\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input type=\"search\" name=\"search\" placeholder=\"Search Wikipedia\" title=\"Search Wikipedia [f]\" accesskey=\"f\" id=\"searchInput\"/><input type=\"hidden\" value=\"Special:Search\" name=\"title\"/><input type=\"submit\" name=\"fulltext\" value=\"Search\" title=\"Search Wikipedia for this text\" id=\"mw-searchButton\" class=\"searchButton mw-fallbackSearchButton\"/><input type=\"submit\" name=\"go\" value=\"Go\" title=\"Go to a page with this exact name if it exists\" id=\"searchButton\" class=\"searchButton\"/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t</form>\n\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t<div id=\"mw-panel\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"p-logo\" role=\"banner\"><a class=\"mw-wiki-logo\" href=\"/wiki/Main_Page\" title=\"Visit the main page\"></a></div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"portal\" role=\"navigation\" id='p-navigation' aria-labelledby='p-navigation-label'>\n\t\t\t<h3 id='p-navigation-label'>Navigation</h3>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<li id=\"n-mainpage-description\"><a href=\"/wiki/Main_Page\" title=\"Visit the main page [z]\" accesskey=\"z\">Main page</a></li><li id=\"n-contents\"><a href=\"/wiki/Portal:Contents\" title=\"Guides to browsing Wikipedia\">Contents</a></li><li id=\"n-featuredcontent\"><a href=\"/wiki/Portal:Featured_content\" title=\"Featured content – the best of Wikipedia\">Featured content</a></li><li id=\"n-currentevents\"><a href=\"/wiki/Portal:Current_events\" title=\"Find background information on current events\">Current events</a></li><li id=\"n-randompage\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:Random\" title=\"Load a random article [x]\" accesskey=\"x\">Random article</a></li><li id=\"n-sitesupport\"><a href=\"https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en\" title=\"Support us\">Donate to Wikipedia</a></li><li id=\"n-shoplink\"><a href=\"//shop.wikimedia.org\" title=\"Visit the Wikipedia store\">Wikipedia store</a></li>\t\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"portal\" role=\"navigation\" id='p-interaction' aria-labelledby='p-interaction-label'>\n\t\t\t<h3 id='p-interaction-label'>Interaction</h3>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<li id=\"n-help\"><a href=\"/wiki/Help:Contents\" title=\"Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia\">Help</a></li><li id=\"n-aboutsite\"><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:About\" title=\"Find out about Wikipedia\">About Wikipedia</a></li><li id=\"n-portal\"><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal\" title=\"About the project, what you can do, where to find things\">Community portal</a></li><li id=\"n-recentchanges\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:RecentChanges\" title=\"A list of recent changes in the wiki [r]\" accesskey=\"r\">Recent changes</a></li><li id=\"n-contactpage\"><a href=\"//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us\" title=\"How to contact Wikipedia\">Contact page</a></li>\t\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"portal\" role=\"navigation\" id='p-tb' aria-labelledby='p-tb-label'>\n\t\t\t<h3 id='p-tb-label'>Tools</h3>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<li id=\"t-whatlinkshere\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Sweden\" title=\"List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]\" accesskey=\"j\">What links here</a></li><li id=\"t-recentchangeslinked\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Sweden\" rel=\"nofollow\" title=\"Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]\" accesskey=\"k\">Related changes</a></li><li id=\"t-upload\"><a href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard\" title=\"Upload files [u]\" accesskey=\"u\">Upload file</a></li><li id=\"t-specialpages\"><a href=\"/wiki/Special:SpecialPages\" title=\"A list of all special pages [q]\" accesskey=\"q\">Special pages</a></li><li id=\"t-permalink\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Sweden&oldid=825340821\" title=\"Permanent link to this revision of the page\">Permanent link</a></li><li id=\"t-info\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Sweden&action=info\" title=\"More information about this page\">Page information</a></li><li id=\"t-wikibase\"><a href=\"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q34\" title=\"Link to connected data repository item [g]\" accesskey=\"g\">Wikidata item</a></li><li id=\"t-cite\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Sweden&id=825340821\" title=\"Information on how to cite this page\">Cite this page</a></li>\t\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"portal\" role=\"navigation\" id='p-coll-print_export' aria-labelledby='p-coll-print_export-label'>\n\t\t\t<h3 id='p-coll-print_export-label'>Print/export</h3>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<li id=\"coll-create_a_book\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Sweden\">Create a book</a></li><li id=\"coll-download-as-rdf2latex\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:ElectronPdf&page=Sweden&action=show-download-screen\">Download as PDF</a></li><li id=\"t-print\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Sweden&printable=yes\" title=\"Printable version of this page [p]\" accesskey=\"p\">Printable version</a></li>\t\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"portal\" role=\"navigation\" id='p-wikibase-otherprojects' aria-labelledby='p-wikibase-otherprojects-label'>\n\t\t\t<h3 id='p-wikibase-otherprojects-label'>In other projects</h3>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons\"><a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sweden\" hreflang=\"en\">Wikimedia Commons</a></li><li class=\"wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikinews\"><a href=\"https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Sweden\" hreflang=\"en\">Wikinews</a></li><li class=\"wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote\"><a href=\"https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Sweden\" hreflang=\"en\">Wikiquote</a></li><li class=\"wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage\"><a href=\"https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Sweden\" hreflang=\"en\">Wikivoyage</a></li>\t\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</div>\n\t\t</div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"portal\" role=\"navigation\" id='p-lang' aria-labelledby='p-lang-label'>\n\t\t\t<h3 id='p-lang-label'>Languages</h3>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ace\"><a href=\"https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sw%C3%A8dia\" title=\"Swèdia – Achinese\" lang=\"ace\" hreflang=\"ace\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Acèh</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd\"><a href=\"https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%83%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8D\" title=\"Шуецэ – Kabardian\" lang=\"kbd\" hreflang=\"kbd\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Адыгэбзэ</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ady\"><a href=\"https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B5\" title=\"Швецие – Adyghe\" lang=\"ady\" hreflang=\"ady\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Адыгабзэ</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle\" title=\"featured article\"><a href=\"https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swede\" title=\"Swede – Afrikaans\" lang=\"af\" hreflang=\"af\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Afrikaans</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ak\"><a href=\"https://ak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden\" title=\"Sweden – Akan\" lang=\"ak\" hreflang=\"ak\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Akan</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-als\"><a href=\"https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schweden\" title=\"Schweden – Alemannisch\" lang=\"als\" hreflang=\"als\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Alemannisch</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-am\"><a href=\"https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B5%E1%8B%8A%E1%8B%B5%E1%8A%95\" title=\"ስዊድን – Amharic\" lang=\"am\" hreflang=\"am\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">አማርኛ</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ang\"><a href=\"https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sw%C4%93oland\" title=\"Swēoland – Old English\" lang=\"ang\" hreflang=\"ang\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Ænglisc</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ab\"><a href=\"https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0\" title=\"Швециа – Abkhazian\" lang=\"ab\" hreflang=\"ab\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Аҧсшәа</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle\" title=\"good article\"><a href=\"https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AF\" title=\"السويد – Arabic\" lang=\"ar\" hreflang=\"ar\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">العربية</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-an\"><a href=\"https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suecia\" title=\"Suecia – Aragonese\" lang=\"an\" hreflang=\"an\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Aragonés</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-arc\"><a href=\"https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A3%DC%98%DC%9D%DC%95\" title=\"ܣܘܝܕ – Aramaic\" lang=\"arc\" hreflang=\"arc\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">ܐܪܡܝܐ</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup\"><a href=\"https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suidia\" title=\"Suidia – Aromanian\" lang=\"roa-rup\" hreflang=\"roa-rup\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Armãneashti</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-frp\"><a href=\"https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%C3%A8de\" title=\"Suède – Arpitan\" lang=\"frp\" hreflang=\"frp\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Arpetan</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ast\"><a href=\"https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suecia\" title=\"Suecia – Asturian\" lang=\"ast\" hreflang=\"ast\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Asturianu</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-gn\"><a href=\"https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suesia\" title=\"Suesia – Guarani\" lang=\"gn\" hreflang=\"gn\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-av\"><a href=\"https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F\" title=\"Швеция – Avaric\" lang=\"av\" hreflang=\"av\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Авар</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ay\"><a href=\"https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suecia\" title=\"Suecia – Aymara\" lang=\"ay\" hreflang=\"ay\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Aymar aru</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-az\"><a href=\"https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0sve%C3%A7\" title=\"İsveç – Azerbaijani\" lang=\"az\" hreflang=\"az\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-azb\"><a href=\"https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A6%D8%AF\" title=\"سوئد – South Azerbaijani\" lang=\"azb\" hreflang=\"azb\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-bm\"><a href=\"https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedi\" title=\"Swedi – Bambara\" lang=\"bm\" hreflang=\"bm\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Bamanankan</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-bn\"><a href=\"https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8\" title=\"সুইডেন – Bangla\" lang=\"bn\" hreflang=\"bn\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">বাংলা</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan\"><a href=\"https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C5%ABi-ti%C3%A1n\" title=\"Sūi-tián – Chinese (Min Nan)\" lang=\"zh-min-nan\" hreflang=\"zh-min-nan\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ba\"><a href=\"https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F\" title=\"Швеция – Bashkir\" lang=\"ba\" hreflang=\"ba\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Башҡортса</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-be\"><a href=\"https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F\" title=\"Швецыя – Belarusian\" lang=\"be\" hreflang=\"be\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Беларуская</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old\"><a href=\"https://be-x-old.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F\" title=\"Швэцыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)\" lang=\"be-x-old\" hreflang=\"be-x-old\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-bh\"><a href=\"https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%A8\" title=\"स्वीडन – Bhojpuri\" lang=\"bh\" hreflang=\"bh\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl\"><a href=\"https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suesya\" title=\"Suesya – Central Bikol\" lang=\"bcl\" hreflang=\"bcl\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Bikol Central</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-bi\"><a href=\"https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden\" title=\"Sweden – Bislama\" lang=\"bi\" hreflang=\"bi\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Bislama</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-bg\"><a href=\"https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F\" title=\"Швеция – Bulgarian\" lang=\"bg\" hreflang=\"bg\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Български</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-bar\"><a href=\"https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwedn\" title=\"Schwedn – Bavarian\" lang=\"bar\" hreflang=\"bar\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Boarisch</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-bo\"><a href=\"https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%9D%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8D\" title=\"སི་ཝེ་དེན། – Tibetan\" lang=\"bo\" hreflang=\"bo\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-bs\"><a href=\"https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0vedska\" title=\"Švedska – Bosnian\" lang=\"bs\" hreflang=\"bs\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Bosanski</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-br\"><a href=\"https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sveden\" title=\"Sveden – Breton\" lang=\"br\" hreflang=\"br\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr\"><a href=\"https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8\" title=\"Швеци – Russia Buriat\" lang=\"bxr\" hreflang=\"bxr\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Буряад</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ca\"><a href=\"https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%C3%A8cia\" title=\"Suècia – Catalan\" lang=\"ca\" hreflang=\"ca\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Català</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-cv\"><a href=\"https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8\" title=\"Швеци – Chuvash\" lang=\"cv\" hreflang=\"cv\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb\"><a href=\"https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suwesya\" title=\"Suwesya – Cebuano\" lang=\"ceb\" hreflang=\"ceb\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Cebuano</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-cs\"><a href=\"https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0v%C3%A9dsko\" title=\"Švédsko – Czech\" lang=\"cs\" hreflang=\"cs\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Čeština</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam\"><a href=\"https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suecia\" title=\"Suecia – Chavacano\" lang=\"cbk-zam\" hreflang=\"cbk-zam\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Chavacano de Zamboanga</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-sn\"><a href=\"https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden\" title=\"Sweden – Shona\" lang=\"sn\" hreflang=\"sn\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">ChiShona</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-tum\"><a href=\"https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden\" title=\"Sweden – Tumbuka\" lang=\"tum\" hreflang=\"tum\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">ChiTumbuka</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-co\"><a href=\"https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svezia\" title=\"Svezia – Corsican\" lang=\"co\" hreflang=\"co\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Corsu</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-cy\"><a href=\"https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden\" title=\"Sweden – Welsh\" lang=\"cy\" hreflang=\"cy\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Cymraeg</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle\" title=\"good article\"><a href=\"https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sverige\" title=\"Sverige – Danish\" lang=\"da\" hreflang=\"da\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Dansk</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-se\"><a href=\"https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruo%C5%A7%C5%A7a\" title=\"Ruoŧŧa – Northern Sami\" lang=\"se\" hreflang=\"se\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc\"><a href=\"https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schweden\" title=\"Schweden – Pennsylvania German\" lang=\"pdc\" hreflang=\"pdc\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Deitsch</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-de\"><a href=\"https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schweden\" title=\"Schweden – German\" lang=\"de\" hreflang=\"de\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Deutsch</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-dv\"><a href=\"https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%90%DE%AA%DE%88%DE%A8%DE%91%DE%A6%DE%82%DE%B0\" title=\"ސުވިޑަން – Divehi\" lang=\"dv\" hreflang=\"dv\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-nv\"><a href=\"https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%CA%BCah_Bidee%CA%BC%C3%AD_Dine%CA%BC%C3%A9_Bik%C3%A9yah\" title=\"Chʼah Bideeʼí Dineʼé Bikéyah – Navajo\" lang=\"nv\" hreflang=\"nv\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Diné bizaad</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb\"><a href=\"https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0wedska\" title=\"Šwedska – Lower Sorbian\" lang=\"dsb\" hreflang=\"dsb\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Dolnoserbski</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-dz\"><a href=\"https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8C%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B\" title=\"སུའི་ཌན་ – Dzongkha\" lang=\"dz\" hreflang=\"dz\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">ཇོང་ཁ</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-et\"><a href=\"https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rootsi\" title=\"Rootsi – Estonian\" lang=\"et\" hreflang=\"et\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Eesti</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-el\"><a href=\"https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B7%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%B1\" title=\"Σουηδία – Greek\" lang=\"el\" hreflang=\"el\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-eml\"><a href=\"https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Av%C3%A8sia\" title=\"Śvèsia – Emiliano-Romagnolo\" lang=\"eml\" hreflang=\"eml\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-myv\"><a href=\"https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80\" title=\"Швеция Мастор – Erzya\" lang=\"myv\" hreflang=\"myv\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Эрзянь</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle\" title=\"featured article\"><a href=\"https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suecia\" title=\"Suecia – Spanish\" lang=\"es\" hreflang=\"es\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Español</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle\" title=\"good article\"><a href=\"https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svedio\" title=\"Svedio – Esperanto\" lang=\"eo\" hreflang=\"eo\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Esperanto</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ext\"><a href=\"https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suecia\" title=\"Suecia – Extremaduran\" lang=\"ext\" hreflang=\"ext\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Estremeñu</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-eu\"><a href=\"https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suedia\" title=\"Suedia – Basque\" lang=\"eu\" hreflang=\"eu\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Euskara</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ee\"><a href=\"https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden\" title=\"Sweden – Ewe\" lang=\"ee\" hreflang=\"ee\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Eʋegbe</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-fa\"><a href=\"https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A6%D8%AF\" title=\"سوئد – Persian\" lang=\"fa\" hreflang=\"fa\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">فارسی</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-hif\"><a href=\"https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden\" title=\"Sweden – Fiji Hindi\" lang=\"hif\" hreflang=\"hif\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-fo\"><a href=\"https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sv%C3%B8r%C3%ADki\" title=\"Svøríki – Faroese\" lang=\"fo\" hreflang=\"fo\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Føroyskt</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-fr\"><a href=\"https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%C3%A8de\" title=\"Suède – French\" lang=\"fr\" hreflang=\"fr\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Français</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-fy\"><a href=\"https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden\" title=\"Sweden – Western Frisian\" lang=\"fy\" hreflang=\"fy\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Frysk</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ff\"><a href=\"https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suwed\" title=\"Suwed – Fulah\" lang=\"ff\" hreflang=\"ff\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Fulfulde</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-fur\"><a href=\"https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svezie\" title=\"Svezie – Friulian\" lang=\"fur\" hreflang=\"fur\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Furlan</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ga\"><a href=\"https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_tSualainn\" title=\"An tSualainn – Irish\" lang=\"ga\" hreflang=\"ga\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Gaeilge</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-gv\"><a href=\"https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Toolynn\" title=\"Yn Toolynn – Manx\" lang=\"gv\" hreflang=\"gv\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Gaelg</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-gag\"><a href=\"https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eve%C8%9Biya\" title=\"Şvețiya – Gagauz\" lang=\"gag\" hreflang=\"gag\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Gagauz</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-gd\"><a href=\"https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_t-Suain\" title=\"An t-Suain – Scottish Gaelic\" lang=\"gd\" hreflang=\"gd\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-gl\"><a href=\"https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suecia\" title=\"Suecia – Galician\" lang=\"gl\" hreflang=\"gl\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Galego</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-gan\"><a href=\"https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8\" title=\"瑞典 – Gan Chinese\" lang=\"gan\" hreflang=\"gan\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">贛語</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ki\"><a href=\"https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuindeni\" title=\"Cuindeni – Kikuyu\" lang=\"ki\" hreflang=\"ki\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Gĩkũyũ</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-gu\"><a href=\"https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%A1%E0%AA%A8\" title=\"સ્વિડન – Gujarati\" lang=\"gu\" hreflang=\"gu\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-got\"><a href=\"https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8D%85%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%B7%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BB%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%B3\" title=\"𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳 – Gothic\" lang=\"got\" hreflang=\"got\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-gom\"><a href=\"https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%A8\" title=\"स्विडन – Goan Konkani\" lang=\"gom\" hreflang=\"gom\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-hak\"><a href=\"https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sui-ti%C3%AAn\" title=\"Sui-tiên – Hakka Chinese\" lang=\"hak\" hreflang=\"hak\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">客家語/Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-xal\"><a href=\"https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%9D%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B3\" title=\"Сведин Нутг – Kalmyk\" lang=\"xal\" hreflang=\"xal\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Хальмг</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ko\"><a href=\"https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%EC%9B%A8%EB%8D%B4\" title=\"스웨덴 – Korean\" lang=\"ko\" hreflang=\"ko\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">한국어</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ha\"><a href=\"https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden\" title=\"Sweden – Hausa\" lang=\"ha\" hreflang=\"ha\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Hausa</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-haw\"><a href=\"https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuekene\" title=\"Kuekene – Hawaiian\" lang=\"haw\" hreflang=\"haw\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-hy\"><a href=\"https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%87%D5%BE%D5%A5%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%A1\" title=\"Շվեդիա – Armenian\" lang=\"hy\" hreflang=\"hy\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Հայերեն</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-hi\"><a href=\"https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%A8\" title=\"स्वीडन – Hindi\" lang=\"hi\" hreflang=\"hi\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">हिन्दी</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb\"><a href=\"https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0wedska\" title=\"Šwedska – Upper Sorbian\" lang=\"hsb\" hreflang=\"hsb\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Hornjoserbsce</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-hr\"><a href=\"https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0vedska\" title=\"Švedska – Croatian\" lang=\"hr\" hreflang=\"hr\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Hrvatski</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-io\"><a href=\"https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suedia\" title=\"Suedia – Ido\" lang=\"io\" hreflang=\"io\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Ido</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ig\"><a href=\"https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden\" title=\"Sweden – Igbo\" lang=\"ig\" hreflang=\"ig\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Igbo</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo\"><a href=\"https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suesia\" title=\"Suesia – Iloko\" lang=\"ilo\" hreflang=\"ilo\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Ilokano</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy\"><a href=\"https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8\" title=\"সুইডেন – Bishnupriya\" lang=\"bpy\" hreflang=\"bpy\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-id\"><a href=\"https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedia\" title=\"Swedia – Indonesian\" lang=\"id\" hreflang=\"id\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ia\"><a href=\"https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svedia\" title=\"Svedia – Interlingua\" lang=\"ia\" hreflang=\"ia\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Interlingua</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ie\"><a href=\"https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svedia\" title=\"Svedia – Interlingue\" lang=\"ie\" hreflang=\"ie\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Interlingue</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-iu\"><a href=\"https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%94%85%E1%95%97%E1%95%86%E1%91%AD\" title=\"ᔅᕗᕆᑭ – Inuktitut\" lang=\"iu\" hreflang=\"iu\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ/inuktitut</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-os\"><a href=\"https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8\" title=\"Швеци – Ossetic\" lang=\"os\" hreflang=\"os\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Ирон</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-zu\"><a href=\"https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISwidi\" title=\"ISwidi – Zulu\" lang=\"zu\" hreflang=\"zu\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">IsiZulu</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-is\"><a href=\"https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sv%C3%AD%C3%BEj%C3%B3%C3%B0\" title=\"Svíþjóð – Icelandic\" lang=\"is\" hreflang=\"is\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Íslenska</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-it\"><a href=\"https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svezia\" title=\"Svezia – Italian\" lang=\"it\" hreflang=\"it\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Italiano</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-he\"><a href=\"https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%95%D7%93%D7%99%D7%94\" title=\"שוודיה – Hebrew\" lang=\"he\" hreflang=\"he\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">עברית</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-jv\"><a href=\"https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sw%C3%A8dhen\" title=\"Swèdhen – Javanese\" lang=\"jv\" hreflang=\"jv\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Basa Jawa</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-kl\"><a href=\"https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svenskit_Nunaat\" title=\"Svenskit Nunaat – Kalaallisut\" lang=\"kl\" hreflang=\"kl\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Kalaallisut</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-kn\"><a href=\"https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D\" title=\"ಸ್ವೀಡನ್ – Kannada\" lang=\"kn\" hreflang=\"kn\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-pam\"><a href=\"https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden\" title=\"Sweden – Pampanga\" lang=\"pam\" hreflang=\"pam\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Kapampangan</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-krc\"><a href=\"https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F\" title=\"Швеция – Karachay-Balkar\" lang=\"krc\" hreflang=\"krc\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Къарачай-малкъар</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ka\"><a href=\"https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98\" title=\"შვედეთი – Georgian\" lang=\"ka\" hreflang=\"ka\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">ქართული</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-csb\"><a href=\"https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szwedzk%C3%B4\" title=\"Szwedzkô – Kashubian\" lang=\"csb\" hreflang=\"csb\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Kaszëbsczi</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-kk\"><a href=\"https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F\" title=\"Швеция – Kazakh\" lang=\"kk\" hreflang=\"kk\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Қазақша</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-kw\"><a href=\"https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedherwyk\" title=\"Swedherwyk – Cornish\" lang=\"kw\" hreflang=\"kw\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Kernowek</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-rw\"><a href=\"https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suwede\" title=\"Suwede – Kinyarwanda\" lang=\"rw\" hreflang=\"rw\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Kinyarwanda</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-sw\"><a href=\"https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uswidi\" title=\"Uswidi – Swahili\" lang=\"sw\" hreflang=\"sw\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Kiswahili</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-kv\"><a href=\"https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F\" title=\"Швеция – Komi\" lang=\"kv\" hreflang=\"kv\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Коми</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-kg\"><a href=\"https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suedi\" title=\"Suedi – Kongo\" lang=\"kg\" hreflang=\"kg\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Kongo</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ht\"><a href=\"https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sy%C3%A8d\" title=\"Syèd – Haitian Creole\" lang=\"ht\" hreflang=\"ht\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ku\"><a href=\"https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sw%C3%AAd\" title=\"Swêd – Kurdish\" lang=\"ku\" hreflang=\"ku\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Kurdî</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ky\"><a href=\"https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F\" title=\"Швеция – Kyrgyz\" lang=\"ky\" hreflang=\"ky\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Кыргызча</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-lad\"><a href=\"https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suesia\" title=\"Suesia – Ladino\" lang=\"lad\" hreflang=\"lad\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Ladino</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-lez\"><a href=\"https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F\" title=\"Швеция – Lezghian\" lang=\"lez\" hreflang=\"lez\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Лезги</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-lo\"><a href=\"https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B9%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%94\" title=\"ປະເທດຊູແອດ – Lao\" lang=\"lo\" hreflang=\"lo\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">ລາວ</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-lrc\"><a href=\"https://lrc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%99%D8%A6%D8%AF\" title=\"سوٙئد – Northern Luri\" lang=\"lrc\" hreflang=\"lrc\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">لۊری شومالی</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg\"><a href=\"https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0vedeja\" title=\"Švedeja – Latgalian\" lang=\"ltg\" hreflang=\"ltg\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Latgaļu</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-la\"><a href=\"https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suecia\" title=\"Suecia – Latin\" lang=\"la\" hreflang=\"la\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Latina</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-lv\"><a href=\"https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zviedrija\" title=\"Zviedrija – Latvian\" lang=\"lv\" hreflang=\"lv\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Latviešu</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-lb\"><a href=\"https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schweden\" title=\"Schweden – Luxembourgish\" lang=\"lb\" hreflang=\"lb\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-lt\"><a href=\"https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0vedija\" title=\"Švedija – Lithuanian\" lang=\"lt\" hreflang=\"lt\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Lietuvių</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-lij\"><a href=\"https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sve%C3%A7ia\" title=\"Sveçia – Ligurian\" lang=\"lij\" hreflang=\"lij\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Ligure</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-li\"><a href=\"https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwede\" title=\"Zwede – Limburgish\" lang=\"li\" hreflang=\"li\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Limburgs</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ln\"><a href=\"https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sw%C3%A9di\" title=\"Swédi – Lingala\" lang=\"ln\" hreflang=\"ln\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Lingála</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-olo\"><a href=\"https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruo%C4%8D%C4%8Di\" title=\"Ruočči – Livvi-Karelian\" lang=\"olo\" hreflang=\"olo\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Livvinkarjala</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo\"><a href=\"https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/sueriges\" title=\"sueriges – Lojban\" lang=\"jbo\" hreflang=\"jbo\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">La .lojban.</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-lg\"><a href=\"https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiiden\" title=\"Swiiden – Ganda\" lang=\"lg\" hreflang=\"lg\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Luganda</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo\"><a href=\"https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svezia\" title=\"Svezia – Lombard\" lang=\"lmo\" hreflang=\"lmo\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Lumbaart</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-hu\"><a href=\"https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sv%C3%A9dorsz%C3%A1g\" title=\"Svédország – Hungarian\" lang=\"hu\" hreflang=\"hu\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Magyar</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-mai\"><a href=\"https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8\" title=\"स्वीडेन – Maithili\" lang=\"mai\" hreflang=\"mai\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">मैथिली</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-mk\"><a href=\"https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0\" title=\"Шведска – Macedonian\" lang=\"mk\" hreflang=\"mk\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Македонски</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-mg\"><a href=\"https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soeda\" title=\"Soeda – Malagasy\" lang=\"mg\" hreflang=\"mg\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Malagasy</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ml\"><a href=\"https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%BB\" title=\"സ്വീഡൻ – Malayalam\" lang=\"ml\" hreflang=\"ml\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">മലയാളം</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-mt\"><a href=\"https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BBvezja\" title=\"Żvezja – Maltese\" lang=\"mt\" hreflang=\"mt\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Malti</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-mi\"><a href=\"https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huitene\" title=\"Huitene – Maori\" lang=\"mi\" hreflang=\"mi\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Māori</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-mr\"><a href=\"https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%A8\" title=\"स्वीडन – Marathi\" lang=\"mr\" hreflang=\"mr\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">मराठी</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf\"><a href=\"https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98\" title=\"შვედეთი – Mingrelian\" lang=\"xmf\" hreflang=\"xmf\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">მარგალური</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-arz\"><a href=\"https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AF\" title=\"السويد – Egyptian Arabic\" lang=\"arz\" hreflang=\"arz\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">مصرى</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn\"><a href=\"https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A6%D8%AF\" title=\"سوئد – Mazanderani\" lang=\"mzn\" hreflang=\"mzn\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">مازِرونی</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ms\"><a href=\"https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden\" title=\"Sweden – Malay\" lang=\"ms\" hreflang=\"ms\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo\"><a href=\"https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B4i-di%C4%93ng\" title=\"Sôi-diēng – Min Dong Chinese\" lang=\"cdo\" hreflang=\"cdo\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf\"><a href=\"https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80\" title=\"Шведмастор – Moksha\" lang=\"mdf\" hreflang=\"mdf\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Мокшень</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-mn\"><a href=\"https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4\" title=\"Швед – Mongolian\" lang=\"mn\" hreflang=\"mn\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Монгол</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-my\"><a href=\"https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%BD%E1%80%AE%E1%80%92%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6\" title=\"ဆွီဒင်နိုင်ငံ – Burmese\" lang=\"my\" hreflang=\"my\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-nah\"><a href=\"https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suecia\" title=\"Suecia – Nāhuatl\" lang=\"nah\" hreflang=\"nah\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Nāhuatl</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-na\"><a href=\"https://na.wikipedia.org/wiki/Widen\" title=\"Widen – Nauru\" lang=\"na\" hreflang=\"na\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Dorerin Naoero</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-nl\"><a href=\"https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zweden\" title=\"Zweden – Dutch\" lang=\"nl\" hreflang=\"nl\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Nederlands</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl\"><a href=\"https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sveden\" title=\"Sveden – Low Saxon\" lang=\"nds-NL\" hreflang=\"nds-NL\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Nedersaksies</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ne\"><a href=\"https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8\" title=\"स्वीडेन – Nepali\" lang=\"ne\" hreflang=\"ne\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">नेपाली</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-new\"><a href=\"https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8\" title=\"स्विदेन – Newari\" lang=\"new\" hreflang=\"new\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ja\"><a href=\"https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A7%E3%83%BC%E3%83%87%E3%83%B3\" title=\"スウェーデン – Japanese\" lang=\"ja\" hreflang=\"ja\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">日本語</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-nap\"><a href=\"https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sguezia\" title=\"Sguezia – Neapolitan\" lang=\"nap\" hreflang=\"nap\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Napulitano</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ce\"><a href=\"https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8\" title=\"Швеци – Chechen\" lang=\"ce\" hreflang=\"ce\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Нохчийн</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-frr\"><a href=\"https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sw%C3%A4rik\" title=\"Swärik – Northern Frisian\" lang=\"frr\" hreflang=\"frr\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-pih\"><a href=\"https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiiden\" title=\"Swiiden – Norfuk / Pitkern\" lang=\"pih\" hreflang=\"pih\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Norfuk / Pitkern</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle\" title=\"good article\"><a href=\"https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sverige\" title=\"Sverige – Norwegian\" lang=\"no\" hreflang=\"no\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Norsk</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-nn\"><a href=\"https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sverige\" title=\"Sverige – Norwegian Nynorsk\" lang=\"nn\" hreflang=\"nn\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm\"><a href=\"https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%C3%A8de\" title=\"Suède – Norman\" lang=\"nrm\" hreflang=\"nrm\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Nouormand</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-nov\"><a href=\"https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suedia\" title=\"Suedia – Novial\" lang=\"nov\" hreflang=\"nov\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Novial</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-oc\"><a href=\"https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%C3%A8cia\" title=\"Suècia – Occitan\" lang=\"oc\" hreflang=\"oc\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Occitan</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr\"><a href=\"https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9\" title=\"Швеций – Eastern Mari\" lang=\"mhr\" hreflang=\"mhr\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Олык марий</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-or\"><a href=\"https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B5%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A1%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%A8\" title=\"ସ୍ଵିଡେନ – Odia\" lang=\"or\" hreflang=\"or\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-om\"><a href=\"https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iswiidin\" title=\"Iswiidin – Oromo\" lang=\"om\" hreflang=\"om\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Oromoo</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-uz\"><a href=\"https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shvetsiya\" title=\"Shvetsiya – Uzbek\" lang=\"uz\" hreflang=\"uz\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-pa\"><a href=\"https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%A8\" title=\"ਸਵੀਡਨ – Punjabi\" lang=\"pa\" hreflang=\"pa\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-pi\"><a href=\"https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%A8\" title=\"स्वीडन – Pali\" lang=\"pi\" hreflang=\"pi\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">पालि</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-pag\"><a href=\"https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suesia\" title=\"Suesia – Pangasinan\" lang=\"pag\" hreflang=\"pag\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Pangasinan</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb\"><a href=\"https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%88%D9%86\" title=\"سویڈن – Western Punjabi\" lang=\"pnb\" hreflang=\"pnb\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">پنجابی</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-pap\"><a href=\"https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suecia\" title=\"Suecia – Papiamento\" lang=\"pap\" hreflang=\"pap\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Papiamentu</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ps\"><a href=\"https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%8A%DA%89%D9%86\" title=\"سويډن – Pashto\" lang=\"ps\" hreflang=\"ps\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">پښتو</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-jam\"><a href=\"https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiidn\" title=\"Swiidn – Jamaican Creole English\" lang=\"jam\" hreflang=\"jam\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Patois</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-koi\"><a href=\"https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%83\" title=\"Шведму – Komi-Permyak\" lang=\"koi\" hreflang=\"koi\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Перем Коми</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-km\"><a href=\"https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%A2%E1%9F%82%E1%9E%8F\" title=\"ស៊ុយអែត – Khmer\" lang=\"km\" hreflang=\"km\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd\"><a href=\"https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%C3%A8de\" title=\"Suède – Picard\" lang=\"pcd\" hreflang=\"pcd\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Picard</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-pms\"><a href=\"https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svessia\" title=\"Svessia – Piedmontese\" lang=\"pms\" hreflang=\"pms\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Piemontèis</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi\"><a href=\"https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suwidan\" title=\"Suwidan – Tok Pisin\" lang=\"tpi\" hreflang=\"tpi\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Tok Pisin</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-nds\"><a href=\"https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden\" title=\"Sweden – Low German\" lang=\"nds\" hreflang=\"nds\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-pl\"><a href=\"https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szwecja\" title=\"Szwecja – Polish\" lang=\"pl\" hreflang=\"pl\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Polski</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt\"><a href=\"https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B7%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%B1\" title=\"Σουηδία – Pontic\" lang=\"pnt\" hreflang=\"pnt\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Ποντιακά</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-pt\"><a href=\"https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%C3%A9cia\" title=\"Suécia – Portuguese\" lang=\"pt\" hreflang=\"pt\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Português</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa\"><a href=\"https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shvetsiya\" title=\"Shvetsiya – Kara-Kalpak\" lang=\"kaa\" hreflang=\"kaa\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-crh\"><a href=\"https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0sve%C3%A7\" title=\"İsveç – Crimean Turkish\" lang=\"crh\" hreflang=\"crh\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ty\"><a href=\"https://ty.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuete\" title=\"Tuete – Tahitian\" lang=\"ty\" hreflang=\"ty\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Reo tahiti</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ro\"><a href=\"https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suedia\" title=\"Suedia – Romanian\" lang=\"ro\" hreflang=\"ro\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Română</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-rm\"><a href=\"https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svezia\" title=\"Svezia – Romansh\" lang=\"rm\" hreflang=\"rm\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Rumantsch</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-qu\"><a href=\"https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suwidsuyu\" title=\"Suwidsuyu – Quechua\" lang=\"qu\" hreflang=\"qu\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Runa Simi</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-rue\"><a href=\"https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F\" title=\"Швеція – Rusyn\" lang=\"rue\" hreflang=\"rue\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Русиньскый</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ru\"><a href=\"https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F\" title=\"Швеция – Russian\" lang=\"ru\" hreflang=\"ru\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Русский</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-sah\"><a href=\"https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F\" title=\"Швеция – Sakha\" lang=\"sah\" hreflang=\"sah\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Саха тыла</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-sm\"><a href=\"https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suetena\" title=\"Suetena – Samoan\" lang=\"sm\" hreflang=\"sm\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Gagana Samoa</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-sa\"><a href=\"https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%A8\" title=\"स्वीडन – Sanskrit\" lang=\"sa\" hreflang=\"sa\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-sc\"><a href=\"https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isvetzia\" title=\"Isvetzia – Sardinian\" lang=\"sc\" hreflang=\"sc\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Sardu</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-sco\"><a href=\"https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swaden\" title=\"Swaden – Scots\" lang=\"sco\" hreflang=\"sco\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Scots</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-stq\"><a href=\"https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweeden\" title=\"Sweeden – Saterland Frisian\" lang=\"stq\" hreflang=\"stq\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Seeltersk</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-sq\"><a href=\"https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suedia\" title=\"Suedia – Albanian\" lang=\"sq\" hreflang=\"sq\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Shqip</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-scn\"><a href=\"https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svezzia\" title=\"Svezzia – Sicilian\" lang=\"scn\" hreflang=\"scn\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Sicilianu</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-simple\"><a href=\"https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden\" title=\"Sweden – Simple English\" lang=\"simple\" hreflang=\"simple\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Simple English</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-sd\"><a href=\"https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%8A%DA%8A%D9%86\" title=\"سويڊن – Sindhi\" lang=\"sd\" hreflang=\"sd\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">سنڌي</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ss\"><a href=\"https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISwideni\" title=\"ISwideni – Swati\" lang=\"ss\" hreflang=\"ss\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">SiSwati</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-sk\"><a href=\"https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0v%C3%A9dsko\" title=\"Švédsko – Slovak\" lang=\"sk\" hreflang=\"sk\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Slovenčina</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-sl\"><a href=\"https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0vedska\" title=\"Švedska – Slovenian\" lang=\"sl\" hreflang=\"sl\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Slovenščina</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-cu\"><a href=\"https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%94%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE\" title=\"Свєньско – Church Slavic\" lang=\"cu\" hreflang=\"cu\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-szl\"><a href=\"https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szwecyjo\" title=\"Szwecyjo – Silesian\" lang=\"szl\" hreflang=\"szl\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Ślůnski</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-so\"><a href=\"https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iswiidhan\" title=\"Iswiidhan – Somali\" lang=\"so\" hreflang=\"so\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb\"><a href=\"https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DB%8E%D8%AF\" title=\"سوێد – Central Kurdish\" lang=\"ckb\" hreflang=\"ckb\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">کوردی</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-srn\"><a href=\"https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swerigekondre\" title=\"Swerigekondre – Sranan Tongo\" lang=\"srn\" hreflang=\"srn\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Sranantongo</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-sr\"><a href=\"https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0\" title=\"Шведска – Serbian\" lang=\"sr\" hreflang=\"sr\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-sh\"><a href=\"https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0vedska\" title=\"Švedska – Serbo-Croatian\" lang=\"sh\" hreflang=\"sh\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-su\"><a href=\"https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sw%C3%A9dia\" title=\"Swédia – Sundanese\" lang=\"su\" hreflang=\"su\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Basa Sunda</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle\" title=\"recommended article\"><a href=\"https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruotsi\" title=\"Ruotsi – Finnish\" lang=\"fi\" hreflang=\"fi\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Suomi</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle\" title=\"recommended article\"><a href=\"https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sverige\" title=\"Sverige – Swedish\" lang=\"sv\" hreflang=\"sv\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Svenska</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-tl\"><a href=\"https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden\" title=\"Sweden – Tagalog\" lang=\"tl\" hreflang=\"tl\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Tagalog</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ta\"><a href=\"https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D\" title=\"சுவீடன் – Tamil\" lang=\"ta\" hreflang=\"ta\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">தமிழ்</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-kab\"><a href=\"https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sswid\" title=\"Sswid – Kabyle\" lang=\"kab\" hreflang=\"kab\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Taqbaylit</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara\"><a href=\"https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svezzie\" title=\"Svezzie – Tarantino\" lang=\"roa-Tara\" hreflang=\"roa-Tara\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Tarandíne</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-tt\"><a href=\"https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F\" title=\"Швеция – Tatar\" lang=\"tt\" hreflang=\"tt\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Татарча/tatarça</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-te\"><a href=\"https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D\" title=\"స్వీడన్ – Telugu\" lang=\"te\" hreflang=\"te\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">తెలుగు</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-tet\"><a href=\"https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%C3%A9sia\" title=\"Suésia – Tetum\" lang=\"tet\" hreflang=\"tet\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Tetun</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-th\"><a href=\"https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%99\" title=\"ประเทศสวีเดน – Thai\" lang=\"th\" hreflang=\"th\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">ไทย</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-tg\"><a href=\"https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F\" title=\"Шветсия – Tajik\" lang=\"tg\" hreflang=\"tg\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-chr\"><a href=\"https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%AB%E1%8F%95%E1%8F%82\" title=\"ᏍᏫᏕᏂ – Cherokee\" lang=\"chr\" hreflang=\"chr\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">ᏣᎳᎩ</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-tr\"><a href=\"https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0sve%C3%A7\" title=\"İsveç – Turkish\" lang=\"tr\" hreflang=\"tr\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Türkçe</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-tk\"><a href=\"https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Ewesi%C3%BDa\" title=\"Şwesiýa – Turkmen\" lang=\"tk\" hreflang=\"tk\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Türkmençe</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-tw\"><a href=\"https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden\" title=\"Sweden – Twi\" lang=\"tw\" hreflang=\"tw\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Twi</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv\"><a href=\"https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F\" title=\"Швеция – Tuvinian\" lang=\"tyv\" hreflang=\"tyv\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Тыва дыл</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-udm\"><a href=\"https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F\" title=\"Швеция – Udmurt\" lang=\"udm\" hreflang=\"udm\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Удмурт</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-uk\"><a href=\"https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F\" title=\"Швеція – Ukrainian\" lang=\"uk\" hreflang=\"uk\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Українська</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ur\"><a href=\"https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%88%D9%86\" title=\"سویڈن – Urdu\" lang=\"ur\" hreflang=\"ur\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">اردو</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ug\"><a href=\"https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8B%DB%90%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95\" title=\"شۋېتسىيە – Uyghur\" lang=\"ug\" hreflang=\"ug\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-vec\"><a href=\"https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sv%C3%A8sia\" title=\"Svèsia – Venetian\" lang=\"vec\" hreflang=\"vec\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Vèneto</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-vep\"><a href=\"https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ro%C4%8Dinma\" title=\"Ročinma – Veps\" lang=\"vep\" hreflang=\"vep\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-vi\"><a href=\"https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BB%A5y_%C4%90i%E1%BB%83n\" title=\"Thụy Điển – Vietnamese\" lang=\"vi\" hreflang=\"vi\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-vo\"><a href=\"https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sved%C3%A4n\" title=\"Svedän – Volapük\" lang=\"vo\" hreflang=\"vo\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Volapük</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro\"><a href=\"https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roodsi\" title=\"Roodsi – Võro\" lang=\"fiu-vro\" hreflang=\"fiu-vro\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Võro</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-wa\"><a href=\"https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suwedwesse\" title=\"Suwedwesse – Walloon\" lang=\"wa\" hreflang=\"wa\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Walon</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical\"><a href=\"https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8\" title=\"瑞典 – Classical Chinese\" lang=\"zh-classical\" hreflang=\"zh-classical\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">文言</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-vls\"><a href=\"https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zweedn\" title=\"Zweedn – West Flemish\" lang=\"vls\" hreflang=\"vls\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">West-Vlams</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-war\"><a href=\"https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suwesya\" title=\"Suwesya – Waray\" lang=\"war\" hreflang=\"war\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Winaray</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-wo\"><a href=\"https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suweed\" title=\"Suweed – Wolof\" lang=\"wo\" hreflang=\"wo\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Wolof</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu\"><a href=\"https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8\" title=\"瑞典 – Wu Chinese\" lang=\"wuu\" hreflang=\"wuu\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">吴语</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-ts\"><a href=\"https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden\" title=\"Sweden – Tsonga\" lang=\"ts\" hreflang=\"ts\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Xitsonga</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-yi\"><a href=\"https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%93%D7%9F\" title=\"שוועדן – Yiddish\" lang=\"yi\" hreflang=\"yi\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">ייִדיש</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-yo\"><a href=\"https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sw%C3%ADd%C3%ACn\" title=\"Swídìn – Yoruba\" lang=\"yo\" hreflang=\"yo\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Yorùbá</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue\"><a href=\"https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8\" title=\"瑞典 – Cantonese\" lang=\"zh-yue\" hreflang=\"zh-yue\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">粵語</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-diq\"><a href=\"https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0swec\" title=\"İswec – Zazaki\" lang=\"diq\" hreflang=\"diq\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Zazaki</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-zea\"><a href=\"https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zweden\" title=\"Zweden – Zeelandic\" lang=\"zea\" hreflang=\"zea\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Zeêuws</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg\"><a href=\"https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0ved%C4%97j%C4%97\" title=\"Švedėjė – Samogitian\" lang=\"bat-smg\" hreflang=\"bat-smg\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-zh\"><a href=\"https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8\" title=\"瑞典 – Chinese\" lang=\"zh\" hreflang=\"zh\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">中文</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-dty\"><a href=\"https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8\" title=\"स्वीडेन – Doteli\" lang=\"dty\" hreflang=\"dty\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">डोटेली</a></li><li class=\"interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp\"><a href=\"https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%CA%8Ay%C9%9Bd%C9%A9\" title=\"Sʊyɛdɩ – Kabiye\" lang=\"kbp\" hreflang=\"kbp\" class=\"interlanguage-link-target\">Kabɩyɛ</a></li>\t\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"after-portlet after-portlet-lang\"><span class=\"wb-langlinks-edit 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